Literature Review

“ Sustainable Development Goal 5: How Does

the Philippines Fare on Gender Equality?”

De Mesa, Kathleen Kaye T.

G11-02 ABM
Ma’am Jean Reguyal
Sustainable Development Goal 5: How Does the
Philippines Fare on Gender Equality?
Literature Review

Gender equality is fundamental to ensuring a genuine diversity of cultural expressions and giving
equal opportunities to everyone. The literature covers a wide variety of such problems but, this
review will focus on how the country fares in gender-related topics that can be used to have
progressed toward gender equality and women empowerment that will mention repeatedly
throughout the literature reviewed. Although the literature presents these ideas about gender-
related topics, this paper will primarily focus on attaining gender equality in our country. Many
recent studies have focused on the problem of attaining gender equality in all aspects. The SDGs
aspire to eliminate poverty, protect the planet, and ensure peace and prosperity for all. Their
main goal is to sustain gender equality in all aspects of life. It includes ending discrimination,
eliminating violence, eliminating force marriage, and ensuring equal opportunities for everyone.
Regarding those who experience discrimination and abuse, it appears in their research that most
people who experienced this are women. The World Bank (WB) (2012) reported that “women
still have less access than men to a range of productive assets and services, including land,
financial capital, agricultural extension services, and new information technologies.” (WB,2012)
It also noted persistent trends in employment segregation along gender lines more women: being
less likely than men to work formal sector jobs and more likely to work in poorly paid
occupations and enterprises. According to (toppr.com) Women in society are often cornered and
are refrained from getting equal rights as men to health, education, decision-making, and
economic independence in terms of wages. Discrimination against genders is not only occurring
in the Philippines, but it has also been proved that it occurs worldwide, and compared to the
Philippines it is worse in other countries. They use focus groups, surveys, and interviews as their
approach to gather information and to analyze how the Philippines assess this kind of issue and
delivers equality to everyone.
It has been analyzed that gradually we’re able to adjust and give a chance to embrace the LGBT
community and give women a chance to run a leadership. And give equal opportunities to both
genders. On the other hand, if we take a closer look at the remaining legal, cultural, and
administrative challenges to effective gender equality and protection of women and girls will
reveal that much of the insight in these areas come from the experiences of various women and
gender leaders interviewed for this study through key informant interviews and focus group
discussions. There are laws that the government implemented for the protection of women,
children, and members of the LGBTQ community. Such as the Republic Act (RA) 9710, also
known as Magna Carta of Women (MCW), Responsible Parenthood and RH Act (RA 10354),
and a lot more.
In conclusion, this literature review shows that to have a sense of peace and equality for
everyone. We must start with ourselves and the rest will follow. If we’re going to take a closer
look at how the Philippines fare gender equality today. I must say that it is improving and well-
implemented because gradually we can adjust. There is still a lot of issues about abuse,
discrimination but I can say that the government is doing something about it. Many people have
tried to research gender-related topics but in the end, they all get the same answers. It is
something you cannot fix with money. It is in the people’s hands to attain equality for all
humans. From my overall perspective, Gender-related topics are good topics to study because
with this we were able to identify problems and find solutions that can help to lessen the
numbers of being abused or discriminated against women or men. For future researchers of this
topic, I suggest that you should dig deeper to evaluate all the effects of the issues regarding
gender equality.