ICT Reviewer

Lesson 1: Adobe Photoshop Interface

Adobe Photoshop – created by Thomas and John Knoll in
1988.
Adobe Photoshop Main Components
1. Title Bar – displays the program name & filename of
the opened document. It contains Close, Minimize, and
Restore buttons.
2. Menu Bar – Has menus of Photoshop commands. One can
choose a menu command by clicking it or pressing alt
key + underlined letter in the menu name. Some commands
display shortcut keys on the right side of the menu.
3. Options Bar – Located under the menu bar. Displays
current settings for each tool.
4. Canvas – workspace in AP. Where a new or existing
document appears and is edited.
5. Palettes – small windows used to verify settings and
modify documents. It’s appearance depends on which tool
is active.
Different palettes in Photoshop
 History Palette – displays the last several edits
you made on your current document.
 Layers Palette – shows the layers of the current
document.
 Color Palette – made of 3 parts –
Foreground/background Color Boxes, the Color
Sliders, and the color ramp.
 Swatches Palette – similar to the color palette,
but doesn’t show sliders, it shows a variety of
common colors, along with some shades and tints.
6. Status Bar – located at the bottom of the program
window of the document window. Displays file of the
active window and description of the active tool.
7. Toolbox – has tools associated with frequently used
P commands. Has a graphic representation of its
function.
Six Major Parts of Toolbox
 Selection Tools – used for making selections.
Msking a selection is the process of
separating/isolating one or more parts of an image,
which needs editing or apply effects to.
 Drawing and Editing Tools – used to draw either
draw strokes using the brush or draw lines using
pencil.
- The Editing Tools have advanced features of
manipulating and enhancing images. Used for
making corrections or to makeover an image close
to perfection.
 Vector Tools – allows users to create perfects
shapes and curves with smooth flowing lines. A
vector image/shape is resolution-independent. Using
these result to fine & crisp edges.
 Navigation and Miscellaneous Tools – These are
needed to quickly work with P. Allows users to
handle large images with ease. Also includes color
picker and notes tool.
 Foreground/Background Colors – fills and applies
color in the canvas. Represents one part of the
colors palette where users selects the color to be
used.
 View Modes – changes canvas view. To change the
mode View>Screen Mode and select preferred mode. :
Standard Screen Mode, Full Screen Mode w/ menu bar,
Full Screen Mode
Lesson 2: Working with Layers
Layers Palette – hides, views, repositions, deletes,
renames, and manages layers. Displays all layers with
the layer name and a thumbnail of the layer’s image.
Gradient – gradual transition between 2 or more colors.
1. Linear Gradient
2. Radial Gradient
3. Angle Gradient
4. Reflected Gradient
5. Diamond Gradient
Blending Modes – adjusts the way layers blend together.
1. Normal
2. Dissolve
3. Multiply
4. Screen
5. Overlay
6. Soft Light
7. Hard Light
Layer Styles – helps to enhance the elements in an
artwork by adding a shadow, glow, bevel, emboss, etc.
1. Bevel and Emboss
2. Stroke
3. Inner Shadow
4. Inner Glow
5. Satin
6. Color overlay
7. Gradient Overlay
8. Pattern Overlay
9. Outer Glow
10. Drop Shadow
Lesson 3: Saving Various File Formats
P’s native FF = .psd/PSD
1. Web File Formats
GIF
JPEG
PNG
2. Prepress File Formats
DCS 1.o
DCs
EPS
PDF
TIFF
3. Other File Formats
BMP
IFF
PCX
PICT
PIXAR
Raw
TGA
Scitex CT
JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group)
- File compression is lossy (image data is
discarded) Path info is stored with jpeg.
PNG (Portable Networks Graphics)
- Non-proprietary alternative to GIF. Supports RGB,
Grayscale, Indexed Color, Bitmap, all of these
have multiple levels of transparency defined by
an alpha channel.
When Saving, file>save as (if one bg layer)
File>save a copy> (if more than one layer)
TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)
- Supports most of the image modes that can be
created in P.
Lesson 4: Tonal and Color Adjustments
Histogram palette – analyzes an image.
Histogram tab>palette menu button>All Channels
View>Show Statistics>Show Channels in Color
Color Mapping – changing pixel colors or reorganizing
how colors are arranged in an image.
Cmds : Invert, Equalize, Threshold, Posterize
Image tab/Adjustments/command
1. Invert – brightness: 0-255
- Image tab>Adjustments>Invert / Ctrl + I
2. Equalize – looks for brightness & darkness pixel
values then maps the brightest pixel values in all
channels to white and darkest values to black.
3. Threshold – converts an image to bnw
4. Posterize – reduces the number of colors in an
image.
5. Brightness/Contrast – makes simple adjustments to
the brightness levels of an image.
6. Levels – adjusts shadows, midtones, and highlights.
CTRL + L
7. Exposure – fixes underexposed/overexposed images
throughout.
8. Variations – modifies images thar don’t need precise
color adjustments.