CHAPTER 4: NOISE IN COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Problem 1

Find the energies of the signals shown in Fig. Comment on the effect on energy of sign
change, time shift, or doubling of the signal. What is the effect on the energy if the signal
is multiplied by k ?

Problem 2

Using the definition of power and energy–type signals

j  2 f 0t  
1. Show that x(t )  Ae is a power–type signal and its power content is A2

2. Show that the unit step signal u1 (t ) (the unit step function) is a power-type signal and
find its power content.

3. Show that the signal

  14 t  0
x(t )   Kt ,
 0, t0

is neither an energy-nor a power-type signal?

Problem 3

A coin is flipped three times and the random variable X denotes the total number of
heads that show up. The probability of a head in one flip of this coin is denoted by p
1. What values can the random variable X take?

2. Derive and plot the CDF of X .

3. What is the probability that X exceeds 1?

Problem 4

The PDF of a Gaussian variable is given by

e  
2
1  x  4 /18
pX  x 
3 2

Determine:

a) P  x  4 

b) P  x  0 

c) P  x  2 