King Saud University

College of Nursing

(1st) Semester, Academic year (1442 H---2020)

The Impact Of The Aging Population On The Health Workforce

A Proposal Submitted

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for

the Nursing Research (NURS 500) Course

By:

First student’s name

Second student’s name

Third student’s name

Fourth student’s name

Fifth student’s name (if available)

 The Impact of the Aging Population on the Health Workforce

Introduction

Globally, health outcomes and life expectancy have improved as a result of advances in

public health and medicine, while death rates have decreased (Braquehais, 2020). The Global

Ageing Initiative at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies (2017) acknowledged

that the human life cycle is undergoing unprecedented changes and warned that a

demographic transformation is currently sweeping the world and touching on every aspect of

public and private life. According to the Global Ageing Initiative at the Centre for Strategic

and International Studies (2017), the simultaneous ageing of individuals in Asia, Europe, and

the United States will have a greater impact than any other factor on the intercontinental

development of financial, social, and political institutions in the 21st century. Societies must

adjust to this new reality if they are to maintain economic stability. Older folks are defying

convention and continuing to work past the conventional retirement age of 65 for a variety of

reasons.

The nation's health care system will be profoundly affected by the anticipated boom in the

elderly population during the next half-century. The availability and demand of healthcare

professionals will be profoundly affected. As many people enter retirement or cut back on

their hours, there may be a shortage of health care personnel. Demand for healthcare services

is expected to rise as a result of the increasing use of these facilities by the population's aged

population. The health care staff will need to be prepared to provide a different set of skills

and services, and deliver them in different venues, as the population ages (Santamaría, 2021).

Problem Statement

Age is inevitable, and the average age of the population is rising. This is a reality that stares

us in the face every day, and it is widely seen as a danger to our culture. The incapacity of
people, institutions, and ideas to adjust to changing circumstances is a contributing factor.

Recent demographic trends have been characterised in large part by the rapid increase in the

world's old population. Population decline, an ageing population, and a lack of skilled

workers are just a few of the issues that many nations face as a result of shifting

demographics. More than half of the world's governments view their countries' ageing

populations as a major concern. This is because the demographic transition associated with

declining levels of fertility and mortality has been causing unprecedented changes in the age

structure of the population worldwide. Due to dramatic gains in life expectancy and a decline

in birth rates, health systems in both industrialised and developing countries are adjusting to

the ageing of their respective populations. Consequences, such as increasing expenditures for

individuals, constraints on public finances and healthcare providers, and slower economic

growth, are often connected with widespread population ageing.

Statement of Purpose

The purpose of this study is to mitigate the negative consequences of ageing, improve access

to public healthcare, and make better use of existing resources, including both material and

human ones.

Research Questions

What is the relationship between the link between healthcare spending and its effects on

population aging, in relation to economic growth or labor market outcomes in the Health

Workforce?

Research Hypotheses

 The impact of healthcare costs on an ageing population on GDP growth and

employment prospects.
  Expected increases in the country's elderly population over the next half-century will

have far-reaching consequences for the healthcare system, particularly in terms of

labour supply and demand.

Literature Review

The Impact of Population Aging and Public Health Support on EU Labor Markets

According to (Cristea, 2020), The ageing of the European Union's (EU) population and the

disproportionate share of public health spending on the elderly and their dependents pose

significant problems for the EU's economies and labour markets. A diverse workforce,

including both young and old, is essential for sustained economic growth. Productivity

declines as the age distribution tips towards the elderly, while the latter group places more

demands on healthcare systems. These requirements often take on varying forms in the

established and developing member states of the European Union. The purpose of this study

was to examine the effects of an ageing population on key indicators of the economy,

including employment and labour productivity, within the context of a number of measures of

health and well-being. EU panel data from 1995–2017 were subjected to a variety of

statistical analyses, including structural equation modelling, Gaussian graphical modelling,

and macroeconometric modelling (including robust regression and panel adjusted standard

errors). Implications for EU labour market performance are discussed, as are the data'

relevance for the need for specialised policies and methods to aid in the employment of the

elderly, in tandem with public health spending.

Health sector challenges and policies in the context of ageing populations

In the context of an ageing population, this study by (Medici, 2021) examines the associated

health concerns and policy responses. Information gathered from various sources, including

international organisations, experts, and the experiences of individual countries, is analysed

and discussed in detail. Consideration is given to the increased dangers and challenges posed
by the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, as well as a study of how older

people are managing their health care needs and the various schemes in place. The world's

population is ageing rapidly in this century, and this article examines both established and

emerging methods and policies for helping the elderly remain independent for as long as

possible while also promoting their health and well-being. The advancement of technology,

research, and medicine is crucial to the realisation of the developing demographic and

societal trends. Mechanisms for health promotion, prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation

that are tailored to the requirements of the elderly should be included in all health systems.

This study, using the most recent data, examines the health problems and dangers connected

with ageing populations, such as the increasing prevalence of elderly disability and its

repercussions. Focusing on the role of primary care activities in health promotion and

disability prevention for the elderly could successfully contribute to healthier lives at

affordable costs. Especially in institutional settings like nursing homes and senior

communities, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a devastating impact on the elderly

population, leading to an increase in the global rate of excess old-age death. After a

pandemic, the world must reevaluate the most effective strategies for safeguarding the health

and quality of life of the elderly, particularly those who are disabled or very old.

An aging population and growing disease burden will require alarge and specialized

health care workforce by 2025

(Dall , 2013) conducted a study about the rising incidence of chronic diseases and complex

medical disorders is a major concern for the future of the US healthcare system as the

population ages. Future demand for health care services was modelled for each individual in

a statistically significant sample of the existing and projected population by projecting the

prevalence of chosen diseases and health risk factors. We estimate that demand for adult

primary care services will increase by roughly 14 percent between 2013 and 2025 as a result
of shifting demographic features and increased medical coverage under the Affordable Care

Act. The field with the biggest anticipated demand growth is vascular surgery (31%),

followed by cardiology (20%), neurological surgery (20%), radiology (18%), and general

surgery (18%). The existing supply of many experts across the United States is insufficient to

match the current demand, as seen by market indicators such as long wait periods to secure

appointments. If not enough specialists are trained, waiting times will increase, fewer of the

nation's most vulnerable people will have access to care, and the quality of life for all patients

would suffer.

Methodology/Methods

Study Design

To describe the traits of the population or phenomenon under study is the goal of descriptive

research. The "what" of the research topic is given greater attention by this descriptive

approach than the "why" of the topic.

The approach is primarily concerned with characterising a demographic subset without

delving into the "why" behind any given phenomena. In other words, it only "describes" the

topic of study without explaining "why" the phenomenon in question occurs (Siedlecki,

2020).

Study Setting

The purpose of this research is to determine the HRM practises already in place in health

organisations, as well as the relative importance of these practises among older workers. 528

workers of varying ages were surveyed for this purpose.

Population and Sampling

Population.

The aging workers in health sector in kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Sampling.
 SYSTEMATIC

If the sample frame is not easily documented, then systematic random sampling is the

best method to utilise. As a method of selection based on probability, it ensures that every

unit in the sample frame has an equal chance of being picked. The technique involves

selection of units at regular intervals with a random start. Taking a random selection of books

from a large collection is a great illustration of this principle in action. Using this method, one

might select one hundred books at random by picking one book every twentieth until one

reaches one hundred. The potential for selection bias on the part of humans is eliminated, and

the error introduced by random sampling can be estimated using probability theory (Berndt,

2020).

Sample size.

Most of the participants are: female (60.9%), aged between 50 and 75 years, Male (39.1%),

aged between (55-80).

Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

The following inclusion criteria apply:

 50 to 80 years of age

 Aging workers in health sector

The following exclusion criteria apply:

 Under the aging age

 Who are not working in the health sector

Instrumentation

Questionnaire

The questionnaire includes the standard socio-demographic questions as well as 48 topics

specifically connected to ageing in the health care system. Sun, Aryee, and Law's (2007) and

Armstrong-Stassen's (2008) scales on HRM practises served as inspiration for the

construction of the items. To begin, we ask participants to rate their level of agreement with

each statement about what they believe occurs in their organisation in the future ("What will

happen in work in the age of...") and then to rate the importance they place on each practise

("To what extent is it important to me..."). Participants are asked to rate each item on a scale

from "very poor" to "very good," with "very good" being the highest possible score.

Data Collection Procedures

Identify issues and/or opportunities for collecting data

Select issue(s) and/or opportunity(ies) and set goals

Plan an approach and methods

Data Analysis Plans

One paragraph about the tests you’re planning to use for data analysis. Select correct

statistical tests depending on the level of measurement and number of your independent and

dependent variables.

Ethical Considerations

Informed consent that the person engaging in the evaluation is completely informed about the
evaluation being undertaken. Participation is considered voluntary when participants are not
under any duress to take part in the assessment. Do no damage, where harm can take many
forms, including but not limited to: stress, pain, anxiety, lowered self-esteem, or violation of
privacy.
References

Cristea, M., Noja, G. G., Stefea, P., & Sala, A. L. (2020). The impact of population aging and public

health support on EU labor markets. International journal of environmental research and public

health, 17(4), 1439.

Medici, A. C. (2021). Health sector challenges and policies in the context of ageing
populations*. Chikowore T, Kamiza AB, Oduaran OH, Machipisa T, Fatumo S. Non-communicable
diseases pandemic and precision medicine. Is Afr ready.

Dall, T. M., Gallo, P. D., Chakrabarti, R., West, T., Semilla, A. P., & Storm, M. V. (2013). An aging
population and growing disease burden will require alarge and specialized health care workforce by
2025. Health affairs, 32(11), 2013-2020.

Berndt, A. E. (2020). Sampling methods. Journal of Human Lactation, 36(2), 224-226.

Sun, L., Aryee, S., & Law, K. (2007). High performance human resource practices,
citizenship behavior, and organizational performance: A relational perspective. Academy of
Management Journal, 50, 558---577.

Braquehais, M. D., Vargas-Cáceres, S., Gómez-Durán, E., Nieva, G., Valero, S., Casas, M., &
Bruguera, E. (2020). The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare
professionals.

Santamaría, M. D., Ozamiz-Etxebarria, N., Rodríguez, I. R., Albondiga-Mayor, J. J., & Gorrochategi,
M. P. (2021). Psychological impact of COVID-19 on a sample of Spanish health
professionals. Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental (English Edition), 14(2), 106-112.

Siedlecki, S. L. (2020). Understanding descriptive research designs and methods. Clinical Nurse
Specialist, 34(1), 8-12.