Names of angles Isosceles triangle Equilateral triangle acute angles between 0° and 90? right angle 90° obtuse angle between 90° and 180° reflex angle — more than 180° Angle properties Angles on a straight line Angles at a point Vertically opposite angles a 6 , a+ b= 180° ath +e=360° a=b Angles ina triangle Angles ina quadrilateral EOE! ath+erd=360° Corresponding angles Alternate angles Co-interiorangles b 6 2 anb ab a+ b= 180°‘A polygon isa shape enclosed by straight lines. triangle | (@—2) = 180° - 1802 quadrilaveral_| (4 = 2) x 180° - 360° pentagon | (5-2) 180° = 540° hexagon —_| (6-2) x 180°- 720° eet anges of ery pohpon atmave actu to 90" ‘A regular polygon hasall sides equal and all angles the same.Congruency ‘Two shapes arc congruent if onc of the shapes fits exactly on top of the other shape oP a In congruent shapes © corresponding angles are equal © corresponding lengths are equal To prove that two triangles are congruent you must show that they satisfy one of the following four sets of conditions. SSS three sides are equal ‘SAS two sides and the included angle are the same. LL. FHS ASA two angles and the included side RUS right-angled triangles with are the same hypotenuse and one other side the same. Similar shapes. PQ. QR RS. (SP. are Lis eld In similar shapes, 5 3 © Corresponding angles are equal qo © Corresponding sides are in the same ratio, | A BP Q Similar triangles ‘To show that two triangles are similar it is sufficient to show that just one of the above conditions is satisfiedA straight line can intersect a circle in three possible ways. It can be: A DIAMETER ACHORD A TANGENT B B : oA angent 7 Chords and segments Astraight line joining two points on the circumference of a circle is called a chord. A chord divides a circle into two segments. ‘minor segment Perpendicular Bisector Congruent Chords NL The perpendicular bisector of a chord passes through the Congruent chords are equidistant center of the circle from the center of a circleThe angle at the centre is twice the angle at the circumference. THEOREM 2 KO? Anangle ina me semi-circle is a always a right angle. THEOREM 3 Z\\_ Opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral add up to 180°. THEOREM 4 Angles from the same arc in the same segment are equal. DB A THEOREM 5 The angle between a tangent and a radius is a right angle. OAP = 90°. P tangent THEOREM 6 "The two tangents drawn from a point P outside a circle are equal in length. AP = BP. THEOREM 7 The alternate segment theorem The angle between the tangent and the chord at the point of contact is equal to the angle in the alternate segment. c chord tangent