Enthalpy Changes

HESS’s

LAW
By: Nada Minhaj
Hess’s Law states
that:
The enthalpy Change in a chemical
reaction is independent of the route
by which the chemical reaction takes
place as long as the initial and final
conditions and states of reactants and Germain Hess, a chemist and
products are the same for each route. doctor, proposed Hess’s Law
 The Enthalpy changes of a reaction
A + B C
01 cannot always be directly measured

We can use Enthalpy cycles to help us to

02 indirectly calculate the enthalpy change
D
 Enthalpy Cyles

An enthalpy cycle is a pictorial representation showing the

alternative routes of reaction between reactants and products

Reactants Products

B
C

Intermediate
 Question

hint: The standard enthalpy change of formation is the enthalpy change when one mole of a compound is
formed its elements under standard conditions, with all of the chemicals in their standard states.

Calculate standard enthalpy change of reaction using the standard enthalpy

change of formation data provided, with the help of enthalpy cycles.

Standard enthalpy change of formation

Answer: