Trigonometry

Trigonometric Table
Degrees 0° 30° 45° 60° 90° 180° 270°
3π
Radians 0 π
6
 ​
π
4
 ​
π
3
 ​
π
2
 ​ π 2
 ​

1 1 3
sin 0   1 0 −1
2 
​

2
​

2
​
​

3 1 1
cos 1 2 
​

2
 ​

​
2
 ​ 0 −1 0
1
tan 0 3
 ​

​
1 3 ​ ∞ 0 ∞
1
cot ∞ 3 1  0 ∞ 0
3
​

2
cosec ∞ 2 2 ​

3
 ​

​
1 ∞ −1
2
sec 1 3
 ​

​
2 ​ 2 ∞ −1 ∞

Basic Functions Subtraction of Angles Half Angle Double Angle

p
sinx = h
 ​ sin(a − b) = sina.cosb − sin a2 = ± 1−cosa
 sin2x =
2
​ ​ ​

cosx = b
 cosa.sinb 2sinx.cosx
h 1+cosa
​

cos a2 = ±  2tanx
tanx =
p cos(a − b) = cosa.cosb + 2 sin2x = 
​ ​ ​

b
 ​

1+tan2 x
​

sina.sinb tan a2 = ± 1−cosa

cosecx = hp  1+cosa 
​ ​ ​

tana−tanb
tan(a − b) = 1+tana.tanb  cos2x =
secx = hb  tan a2 = ± sina
​

1+cosa 
​

cos2 x–sin2 x
​ ​ ​

tan(π/4 − x) = 1−tanx 
cotx = pb  1+tanx
​

1−cosa
tan a2 = ±
​

sina  cos2x = 1−tan2 x


​ ​ ​

Addittion of Angles 1+tan2 x

​

Reciprocal
sin(a + b) = sina.cosb + Triple Angle cos2x =
1
sinx = 
cosecx 2cos2 x − 1
​

1
cosa.sinb sin3x =
cosx = secx 
3sinx–4sin3 x cos2x =
​

1
cos(a + b) = cosa.cosb −
tanx = cotx  3 1–2sin2 x
sina.sinb cos3x = 4cos x −
​

1
cosecx = sinx  tana+tanb 3cosx
tan(a + b) =
​

1−tana.tanb
 ​

1
secx = cosx  3tanx−tan3 x tan2x = 2tanx

tan(π/4 + 1+tanx
x) = 1−tanx  tan3x = 
​

1−tan2 x
​

1−3tan2 x
​

1
​

cotx = tanx  cot x−1 2

cot2x = 
​

2cotx
Product to Sum
​

@
Sign Functions sec2x = sec x

2sinx ⋅ cosy = sin(x + y) + 2−sec2 x
​

sin(−x) = −sinx cosec2x =

sin(x − y)
cos(−x) = cosx secx.cosecx

2cosx ⋅ siny = sin(x + y) − 2
​

tan(−x) = −tanx sin(x − y)

Pythagorean

Trigonometry 1
 cosec(−x) = 2cosx ⋅ cosy = cos(x + y) + sin2 x + cos2 x = 1
−cosecx cos(x − y) sec2 x − tan2 x = 1
sec(−x) = secx 2sinx ⋅ siny = cos(x − y) − cosec2 x − cot2 x = 1
cot(−x) = −cotx cos(x + y)

Sum to Product
sinx + siny =
x+y x−y
2sin 2 . cos 2 ​ ​

sinx − siny =
x+y x−y
2cos 2 . sin 2
​ ​

cosx + cosy =
x+y x−y
2cos 2 . cos 2
​ ​

cosx − cosy =
x+y x−y
−2sin 2 . sin 2 ​ ​

Radian Identities Degree Identities

sin(π/2 + A) = cosA sin(π/2–A) = sin(90° − x) = cos x
sin(3π/2 + A) = cosA cos(90° − x) = sin x
–cosA sin (3π/2 – A) = – tan(90° − x) = cot x
cos A
sin(π + A) = –sinA cot(90° − x) = tan x
sin(π–A) = sinA
sin(2π + A) = sinA sec(90° − x) = cosecx
sin(2π–A) =
cosec(90° − x) = secx
–sinA
cos(π/2 + A) =
–sinA
cos(π/2–A) =
cos(3π/2 + A) =
sinA
sinA
cos(3π/2–A) =
cos(π + A) = –cosA
–sinA
cos(2π + A) = cosA
cos(π–A) =
–cosA
cos(2π–A) =
cosA

sin−1 (−x) = −sin−1 x Where x ε [-1,1] sin−1 x + cos−1 = π2  ∀ ​ x ε [-1,1]

−1 −1 −1 −1
tan (−x) = −tan x Where x ε R - (-1,1) tan x + cot = π2  ∀ x ε R
​

cosec−1 (−x) = −cosec−1 x Where x ε R sec−1 x + cosec−1 = π2  ∀ x ε R - (-1,1)

​

cos−1 (−x) = π − cos−1 x Where x ε [-1,1]

−1 −1
sec (−x) = π − sec x Where x ε R - (-1,1)

−1 −1
cot (−x) = π − cot x Where x ε R

sin−1 .(sinx) = x
cos−1 .(cosx) = x
tan−1 .(tanx) = x

Trigonometry 2
 cosec−1 .(cosecx) = x
sec−1 .(secx) = x
cot−1 .(cot) = x

Trigonometry 3