Professional Documents
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PRODUCT
GUIDE
Optical Detector
Multisensor Detector
Heat Detector
Mounting Bases
www.apollo-fire.co.uk
ORBIS
Features of Orbis™
Orbis incorporates entirely new designs,
both mechanical and electronic. The
purpose of Orbis is to make installation,
commissioning and maintenance quicker,
enhance the reliability of detection and
reduce the incidence of false alarms.
Orbis features:
• TimeSaver Base® designed for fast
installation
• StartUp™ for fast commissioning
• FasTest® reduces maintenance time
Range of Products • automatic drift compensation with
DirtAlert® warning to easily identify
4
Orbis comprises an optical smoke dirty detectors
detector, a mutisensor smoke detector, • SensAlert® which indicates that the
heat detector types A1R, A1S, A2S, detector is not operating properly
BR, BS, CR and CS, a standard • wide voltage and operating
temperature ranges
electronics-free base, a diode base,
• optical sensor designed for high
deep base, a relay base, heater base reliability and reduced false alarm
and a Sav-Wire base. incidence
• multisensor smoke detector for
detecting fast-burning fires
• flashing LED option
Should I use optical detectors to detect When would I use a multisensor? How are heat detectors classified?
smoke in all applications? EN54 classifies heat detectors according
Multisensor smoke detectors have a heat
Optical detectors have long been sensing element which makes them more to the ambient temperature in which
recommended as good general purpose sensitive if a fire develops heat as well as they will be working and according to
smoke detectors. Laboratory tests smoke. This speeds up the response of whether they may be tested as ‘static’
have been carried out to compare the the detector in certain fires where heat is detectors (changing to alarm at a preset
performance of optical detectors in generated rapidly, for instance in test fire temperature) or ‘rate-of-rise’ (changing to
the standard test fires described in the TF5, which is an open, flaming liquid fire alarm at a preset increase of temperature).
European standard EN54. in which n-heptane is burned. Heat detectors may also be marketed
The results of these tests are given in Multisensor smoke detectors are without either classification; but then the
Fig 1. The graph shows the acceptable recommended for open flaming fire risks. detection characteristics are unknown.
response in terms of smoke density which All Orbis heat detectors are tested and
If there is any doubt as to whether an
is given as ‘m’ on the y axis. Detectors classified as either static or rate-of-rise.
optical detector or a multisensor smoke
must respond before the end of test which
detector should be used it is wise to fit a
is an ‘m’ = value of 2. The performance
multisensor smoke detector. So what is the best way to choose a heat
of Orbis detectors is given as a solid line
detector?
which shows how evenly the optical
detectors respond to the test fires. Where would there be a need to install To make things easier we have produced
heat detectors? a flow chart which is shown on page 10.
If detectors respond too quickly (the lower
shaded portion of the graph) they may be Heat detectors should be used if it is not
too sensitive and hence likely to generate possible to use smoke detectors. This
2.00
will be the case for example in kitchens Poor 5
false alarms.
and smoking areas and where normal
Optical density m(dBm–1)
2.00 2.00
Poor Poor
Optical density m(dBm–1)
Optical density m(dBm–1)
1.50 1.50
TF5
1.00 1.00
Acceptable
Acceptable values
values
0.50 0.50
© Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004/JDR © Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004/JDR
Figure 1 Figure 2
2.00
Poor
Optical density m(dBm–1)
1.50
TF5
1.00
Acceptable
values
0.50
ORBIS
ORBIS
optical
SMOKE
DETECTOR
WHERE TO USE OPTICAL ORBIS OPTICAL SMOKE HOW DOES THE ORBIS
SMOKE DETECTORS DETECTOR OPTICAL DETECTOR WORK?
Optical smoke detectors have always The sensing technology in the Orbis Orbis operates on the well established
been recognised as good detectors optical smoke detector is significantly light scatter principle. The remarkable
for general use. They are regarded as different in design from previous optical optical design of the Orbis optical smoke
particularly suitable for smouldering fires detectors. A full description is given in detector allows it to respond to a wide
and escape routes. the section ‘How do orbis optical smoke spectrum of fires.
6 detectors work?’ but the advantages of this
The performance of Orbis optical The sensing chamber of the Orbis optical
system and its associated algorithms are:
detectors is good in black as well as in smoke detector contains an optical sensor
white smoke. In this respect Orbis is • improved sensitivity to black smoke which measures back-scattered light as
different from traditional optical smoke well as the more usual forward-scattered
• compensation for slow changes in
detectors which perform far better in white light. Sensitivity to black smoke is greatly
sensitivity
smoke than in black. improved.
• extra confirmation of smoke before
Orbis optical detectors are also designed The detector is calibrated so that Orbis
the alarm signal given
to reduce significantly the incidence of is highly reliable in detecting fires but is
false alarms through over-sensitivity to The algorithms are used to verify signals much less likely to generate false alarms
transient phenomena. from the sensing chamber, to filter out than earlier smoke detectors.
transients and to decide when the detector
Orbis optical detectors are recommended The stability of the detector–high
should change to the alarm state.
for use as general purpose smoke detectors reliability, low false alarm rate–is further
for early warning of fire in most areas. All this combines to increase detection increased by the use of algorithms to
reliability and reduce false alarms. decide when the detector should change
to the alarm state. This removes the
likelihood of a detector producing an
alarm as a result of smoke from smoking
materials or from another non-fire source.
CONVENTIONAL DETECTORS
TECHNICAL DATA
All data is supplied subject to change without notice.
Specifications are given at 23°C and 50% relative humidity unless otherwise stated.
ORBIS
multisensor
SMOKE
DETECTOR
TECHNICAL DATA
All data is supplied subject to change without notice.
Specifications are given at 23°C and 50% relative humidity unless otherwise stated.
ORBIS
HEAT
DETECTOR
TECHNICAL DATA
Choosing the
correct class of All data is supplied subject to change without notice.
Specifications are given at 23°C and 50% relative humidity unless otherwise stated.
heat detector
DETECTOR OPERATING PRINCIPLES
Heat detectors have a wide range of
Principle of detection: Measurement of heat by means of a thermistor.
response characteristics and the choice of
the right type for a particular application Sampling frequency: Once every 4 seconds
may not always seem straightforward. ELECTRICAL
It is helpful to understand the way that
Supply voltage: 8.5—33V DC
heat detectors are classified as explained
earlier and to memorise a simple rule: use Supply wiring: 2 wires, polarity sensitive
the most sensitive heat detector available Maximum polarity reversal: 200ms
consistent with avoiding false alarms.
Power-up time: <20 seconds
In the case of heat detectors it may be
Minimum ‘detector active’ voltage: 6V
necessary to take an heuristic approach,
ie, trial and error, until the best solution Switch-on surge current at 24V: 95µA
for a particular site has been found. The Average quiescent current at 24V: 95µA
flowchart (Fig. 3) will assist in choosing
Alarm current: At 12 volts 20mA
the right class of heat detector.
At 24 volts 40mA
If the fire detection system is being Alarm load: 600Ω
designed to comply with BS 5839–1:
2002 heat detectors should be installed Holding voltage: 5–33V
at heights of less than 12 metres with the Minimum holding current: 8mA
exception of class A1 detectors, which can
Minimum voltage to light 5V
be installed at heights up to 13.5 metres.
alarm LED:
Alarm reset voltage: <1V
How do orbis heat Alarm reset time: 1 second
detectors work? Remote output LED 1.2kΩ connected to negative supply 11
(–) characteristic:
Orbis heat detectors have an open-web MECHANICAL
casing which allows air to flow freely
Material: Detector and base moulded in white polycarbonate.
across a thermistor which measures
the air temperature every 2 seconds. A Alarm Indicator: Integral indicator with 360° visibility
microprocessor stores the temperatures (See Table 3 on page 13 for details of flash rate)
and compares them with pre-set values to Dimensions: 97mm diameter x 36mm height
determine whether a fixed upper limit–the 100mm diameter x 51mm height (in base)
alarm level–has been reached.
Weight: Detector 70g
In the case of rate-of-rise detectors Detector in base 130g
the microprocessor uses algorithms to ENVIRONMENTAL
determine how fast the temperature is
Temperature: Operating and storage (see table 1) –40°C to +70°C
increasing.
(no condensation or icing)
Static heat detectors respond only when Humidity: 0% to 98% relative humidity (no condensation)
a fixed temperature has been reached.
Rate-of-rise detectors also have a fixed Wind speed: Unaffected by wind
upper limit but they also measure the rate Atmospheric pressure: Insensitive to pressure
of increase in temperature. A fire might
IP rating to EN 60529: 1992*: 23D
thus be detected at an earlier stage than
with a static detector so that a rate-of-rise Electromagnetic Compatibility: The detector meets the requirements of EN 61 000-6-3
detector is to be preferred to a static heat for emissions and BS EN50 130-4 for susceptibility.
detector unless sharp increases of heat are *The IP rating is not a requirement of EN 54 since smoke detectors have to be open in order
part of the normal environment in the area to function. An IP rating is therefore not as significant as with other electrical products.
protected by the heat detector.
Environmental
performance
The environmental performance is similar
to that of the Orbis optical smoke detector
but it should be noted that heat detectors
are designed to work at particular ambient
temperatures (see Fig 3).
ORBIS
ORBIS
TimeSaver
Base®
installing orbis the bases must be fitted to the ceiling Two methods are suggested:
observing the marking on the exterior
1. Apply power and fit the detectors one
Orbis has been designed to make which indicates the position of the LED.
by one, starting at the base nearest
installation fast and simple. Fig 4 shows The bases may be connected as shown in the panel and working towards the
the TimeSaver mounting base as it is seen Fig 5 where remote LEDs, if required, are end of the circuit. As each detector
from the installer’s point of view. connected to the associated base. is powered up it will enter ‘StartUp’
The E-Z fit fixing holes are shaped to allow and flash red (see next page for a
Fig 6 shows how to connect one remote
a simple three-step mounting procedure: full description of this feature). If the
12 LED to more than one base so that an
LED does not flash, check the wiring
• Fit two screws to the mounting box alarm in any of the detectors connected
polarity on the base and ensure there
or surface will switch the remote LED.
is power across IN+ and COM–. If the
• Place the Orbis base over the LED is flashing yellow the detector
screws and slide home is not operating correctly and may
require maintenance or replacing
• Tighten the screws (see DirtAlert and SensAlert® below
The base offers two fixing centres at 51 and the section ‘Maintenance and
and 60mm. servicing’ on page 15).
A guide on the base interior indicates 2. Fit all detectors to the circuit, apply
the length of cable to be stripped. Five power and check detectors by
terminals are provided for the cables, observing the LED status of each
four being grouped together for ease of device. The StartUp feature lasts for
termination. © Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004/JDR
© Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004/JDR 4 minutes so it may be necessary to
reset or de-power the circuit to allow
The terminals are: all detectors to be observed. The LED
In many installations bases with diodes
• positive IN are specified in order that an active end- status is the same as method 1.
• positive OUT of-line device may be fitted. Diode bases
are marked ‘OD’. Loop continuity testing Base
• negative IN and OUT (common is facilitated as there is a continuity device Marking
terminal) in the base. The continuity device enables Product Description Code
• remote LED negative connection power to pass through every base in a loop Orbis TimeSaver Base OB
to ensure that each is connected correctly.
• functional earth (screen) Orbis TimeSaver LX Base OL
Once a detector is fitted to the base the Orbis TimeSaver Diode Base OD
The terminal screws are captive screws continuity device is automatically locked
and will not fall out of the terminals. Orbis TimeSaver Relay Base OR
permanently open so that the power flows
The base is supplied with the screws through the detectors. Savwire Base OS
unscrewed in order to avoid unnecessary TimeSaver Diode Base LX DX
work for the installer.
fitting orbis Orbis LX Base XL
The end-of-line resistor or active device
should be connected between the OUT+ detector heads Orbis Timesaver Base - Deep EB
and COM– terminals. Orbis Heater Base HB
When the bases have been installed and
If it is required that all detectors be fitted the system wiring tested, the detector Table 2
with their LEDs facing the same direction circuits can be populated.
CONVENTIONAL DETECTORS
+
T
LE
U
OUT +
O
LED —
D
—
IN +
COM —
From COM
— IN
+ COM
— IN
+ COM
— IN
+
control — — —
LE
D
IN +
LE
D
IN & OUT — LE
D
OU
OU
OU
panel
T
+
+
Direction of LED indicated by
© Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004/JDR mark on outside of moulding
1
4
4
© Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004/JDR 2 3 2
©3 Apollo Fire Detectors Limited
2 3
2004/JDR
Figure 4 Figure 5
Screen
(Functional
Earth)
From COM
— IN COM
— IN COM
— IN
From — — —
+ + + COM IN
+ COM IN
+ COM IN
+
control D
—
D
—
D
—
control — — —
LE LE LE D D D
LE LE LE
OU
OU
OU
panel
OU
OU
OU
T
panel
T
T
+
+
13
1
1
4
4
2 3 2 3 2 3
2 3 2 3 2 3
Screen Screen
(Functional (Functional
Earth) Earth)
© Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004/JDR © Apollo Fire Detectors Limited 2004/JDR
Figure 6 Figure 7
From
control LE
D
—
COM
— IN
+
LE
D
—
COM
— IN
+
LE
D
— Orbis features: LED status
COM
— IN
+
OU
OU
OU
panel
T
T
+
1
4
2 3 2 3 2 3
Flashing LED Detector’s red LED flashes in normal operation Flashes every 4 seconds No Flash
Version (at the end of FasTest)
Table 3
ORBIS
Remote – –
COM IN COM IN
LED –
+
–
+
D D
LE LE
M— M—
OU
OU
CO IN CO IN
+ +
T
— —
+
D D
LE LE To next
OU
OU
T
detector
_
+
1
1
+
4
Screen
1
1
4
2 3 2 3
From (Functional
control EOL
2 3 2 3
Earth)
panel Screen Screen Resistor
(Functional (Functional
Earth) Earth) From +
Control
Panel –
COM Not used 1 Remote indicator +
COM N/C N/O COM N/C N/O In + Not used 2 + Zone connection
RELAY
CONTROLLED
RELAY
CONTROLLED
Out + Not Used 3 - Zone connection
DEVICE DEVICE LED - Remote indicator 4 Earth screen