Republic of the Philippines

e.
NUEVA ECIJA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
General Tinio Street, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines 3100
GRADUATE SCHOOL

FACTORS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTION OF FRESH MUSHROOM

OF MAnggagawang BUkid Ng Guimba Agriculture (MABUNGA)
COOPERATIVE

1 2
Rachelle Montealto , Joan Milan
1
Assistant Project Manager- Superior BT Holdings
Email :
2
School Registrar- Colleges of Advance Technology and Management of the Phils. (CATMAN), Inc.
Email : joanmilan11@gmail.com

Abstract— This research study aimed to determine the different factors that affect the production of fresh mushroom of Manggagawang Bukid ng Guimba Agricultural (MABUNGA) Cooperative. The descriptive method of research was used
to employ quantitative and qualitative data. The data was gathered through interview of the selected members and managing members of the cooperative specifically its Board of Directors/Chairman. The interviews were gathered thru
personal and online platforms. The data gathered were interpreted using qualitative analysis. Generally, the research findings show that there are shortages in the production of fresh mushrooms of MABUNGA Cooperative, and the main
factors are the resources in producing fruiting bags and the mismanagement of the past managing members. Given the overall result, t ………………….
Keywords— Factors, Production, Fresh Mushroom, Cooperative

I. INTRODUCTION In order to support the viability of the operation of the cooperatives in the Philippines, t he
Constitution provides, a mandate to the legislature to create an agency that will use cooperatives as
A cooperative is an autonomous and duly registered association of persons, with a common
instruments of social justice and economic development (Article XII Section 15). Thus, the basic law
bond of interest, who have voluntarily joined together to achieve their social, economic and cultural
of the land envisions the promotion of cooperatives in various sectors of the economy, the expansion
needs and aspirations by making equitable contributions to the capital required, patronizing their
of economic base and the mobilization of the less privilege members of the society to actively
products and services and accepting a fair share of risks and benefits of the undertaking in accordance
participate in nation-building. (Castillo,Castillo 2015)
with the universally accepted cooperative principles. (cda.gov.ph)
In response to the Constitutional mandate, Congress of the Philippines (legislature) passed the
The cooperative has been the policy instrument of the government in promoting social justice
Cooperative Code (Republic Act 6938) and Cooperative Development Authority (CDA) Charter (RA
and economic development. The policy is well spelled out in the Philippine Constitution of 1987 and
6939) on March 10, 1990. The Cooperative Code provides for the general concepts and principles;
in the enabling laws passed by Philippine legislature at the turn of the century. (Castillo,Castillo
organization and registration; membership; administration; dissolution; capital; recovery and funds;
2015)
audit, inquiry and members right to examine; allocation and distribution of net surplus; and special
The cooperative idea is not new and it had a rich history of development. The Welsh utopian
provisions relating to agrarian reform cooperatives, public cooperatives, cooperative banks, credit
socialist Robert Owen's philosophy of self-help inspired the "Rochdale Pioneers" of 1844 in England.
cooperative and cooperative insurance societies, among others.
Rochdale Pioneers has shown the remarkable capacity in the amelioration of the social and economic
The RA 6939 created the CDA, the agency that promotes the viability and growth of
condition of the poor. (Agutaya ,2016)
cooperatives as instruments of equity, social justice and economic development. The law provides its
A cooperative is a user-owned and user-controlled business that distributes benefits equitably
powers, functions, and responsibilities; the governing body; budget and funds; and rulemaking power,
on the basis of use or patronage (Barton, 1989)
among others.
The United States (US) National Cooperative Business Association (NCBA, 2005) also
The Cooperative Development Authority (CDA) is a proactive and responsive lead
emphasizes the unique characteristics of cooperatives relative to other (investor-oriented) businesses:
government agency for the promotion of sustained growth and full development of the Philippines
• Cooperatives are owned and democratically controlled by their members (i.e., those that use
cooperatives for them to become broad - based instruments of social justice, equity and balanced
the cooperative’s services or buy its goods) and not by outside investors. Members elect their board of
national progress. (cda.gov.ph)
directors from their ranks. Major policy decisions are based on the one-member, one-vote principle,
Republic Act No.11364 or “An Act Reorganizing and Strengthening the Cooperative
regardless of each member’s investment in the cooperative.
Development Authority, repealing for the Purpose Republic Act No. 6939, Creating the Cooperative
• Cooperatives return surplus income (revenue over expenses and investment) to members in
Development Authority” also known as the CDA Charter of 2019 which was signed by His
proportion to their use or patronage of the cooperative, and not proportionate to their investment or
Excellency, President Rodrigo Roa Duterte on August 08, 2019
ownership share. • Cooperatives are motivated not by profit, but by providing a service to satisfy
Under the law, the Authority’s functions were increased from 15 based on R.A. 6939 to 37 in
members' requirements for affordable and quality goods or services.
which the three major pillars were included -Developmental, Regulatory, and Adjudicatory functions.
• Cooperatives exist solely to serve their members.
With these, the Authority can now fully implement integrated and comprehensive plans and programs
• Cooperatives pay taxes on income retained for investment and reserves. Surplus revenues
on cooperative development as well as settle inter and intra cooperative disputes and conflicts. (CDA,
are returned, according to patronage, to individual members who pay taxes on that income.
Annual Report 2019)
Many types of cooperatives have been established worldwide to serve the interests of
In the Philippines, the primary objective of every cooperative is to help improve the quality of
members, including consumer, producer, worker, and service cooperatives. (Ortmann, G., 2007)
life of its members. Towards this end, the cooperative shall aim to:
In the Philippines, as of December 2019, there are 18,581 operating cooperatives in the
(a) Provide goods and services to its members to enable them to attain increased income,
following islands; Luzon with 10,234; Visayas with 3,608; and Mindanao with 4,739. These
savings, investments, productivity, and purchasing power, and promote among themselves equitable
cooperatives have 11.6 million total memberships; wherein 5,042,995 were male members; while,
6,512,510 were female members. (CDA, Annual Report 2019)

1
distribution of net surplus through maximum utilization of economies of scale, cost-sharing and risk- Name of Cooperative Manggagawang Bukid Ng Guimba
sharing; Agriculture (MABUNGA) Cooperative
(b) Provide optimum social and economic benefits to its members;
(c) Teach them efficient ways of doing things in a cooperative manner;
(d) Propagate cooperative practices and new ideas in business and management;
Type of Cooperative Producers/Agriculture Cooperative
(e) Allow the lower income and less privileged groups to increase their ownership in the
wealth of the nation; and Year established June 28, 2017
(f) Cooperate with the government, other cooperatives and people-oriented organizations to
Head of the cooperative D’Casel DC. Ador Dionisio (BOD-
further the attainment of any of the foregoing objectives. (cda.gov.ph)
Chairman)
There are various types of cooperatives in the Philippines, one of those is producers
cooperative, defined as one that undertakes joint production whether agricultural or industrial. It is Total no. of members 78 members

formed and operated by its members to undertake the production and processing of raw materials or Location of the cooperative Brgy. Caballero Guimba, Nueva Ecija
goods produced by its members into finished or processed products for sale by the cooperative to its
Vision of the cooperative By 2027 each member of the MABUNGA
members and non-members. Any end product or its derivative arising from the raw materials
Cooperative will have a stable livelihood, a
produced by its members, sold in the name of and for the account of the cooperative, shall be deemed
well-earned income and a reputation as a
a product of the cooperative and its members. (cda.gov.ph)
member of the organization.
Manggagawang Bukid Ng Guimba Agriculture (MABUNGA) Cooperative, is the focus of
this study, is under the producers cooperative. Basically, MABUNGA cooperative produces fresh Mission of the Cooperative To provide each member of the

mushroom, mushroom chips, fruiting bags and sells autoclave, bagger and, other materials and organization with different skills and

equipments. knowledge to make it a sufficient income

Production of fresh mushroom is one of their primary products. Mushrooms are the and to uplift the way of living of each

macrofungi fruiting bodies that have been placed in a different kingdom called the Mycenaean member

kingdom (Masarirambi, Mamba, and Earnshaw 2011)

The table 1 shows that MABUNGA cooperative is a registered cooperative under the
Mushrooms are usually regarded as a delicacy, not just in the Philippines but in other Asian
Cooperative Development Authority (CDA), that ……………………..
countries as well. Used for gastronomy and for its medical properties, the mushroom is a jack of all
trades sort of vegetable that is not that hard to grow at all.
V. CONCLUSION

Location is very important for any mushroom production. A business in mushroom farming The researchers have come to the following conclusions:
must consider the environment as different types of mushrooms need different kinds of environment.
VI. RECOMMENDATION
As an example, oyster mushrooms have the most basic of environmental needs that include the
humidity, light, proper ventilation, sanitation, and proper temperature. The researchers have come to the following recommendations:

The different kinds of mushrooms have varying costs of production, and it must consider
REFERENCES
setting up a budget that depends on the amount of money it has, as well as any consideration for long
EULOGIO T. CASTILLO, PhD and MERCEDES D. CASTILLO (2015) Cooperatives in the
term investments.
Socio-Economic Development of the Philippines
The oyster mushroom is the variety produces by MABUNGA cooperative because it is the
Christian Anthony C. Agutaya (PhD), 2016 Socio-Economic Development of the Members of Two
easiest to grow among the other types of mushrooms available at the market.
Multi-Purpose Cooperatives in Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro, Philippines
II. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Chaddad, F., & Iliopoulos, C. (2012). Control Rights, Governance, and the Costs of Ownership in

This study titled Factors affecting the production of fresh mushroom of MABUNGA Agricultural Cooperatives. Agribusiness, 29(1), 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1002/AGR.21328

Cooperative, aims to answer the following questions: Ortmann, G. (2007). Agricultural Cooperatives I: History, Theory and Problems. Agrekon.

1. Determine the cooperative profile.

Barton DG (1989). What is a cooperative? In Cooperatives in agriculture, ed. D. Cobia, 1-20. New

2. What are the processes and materials/equipment needed for mushroom production?
Jersey, USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
https://cda.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/CDA-
Annual-Report-7-5-22.pdf
3. What are the problems encountered by the cooperative in their production of mushroom?
Mina, J.C., Domingo, A.V. and Quijano, M.F.T. (2022) Management Practices of
4. How does the cooperative sustain the operation/production of mushroom?
Cooperatives in Nueva Ecija: A Basis for a Sustainable Development Program. Open Access
III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Library Journal, 9: e8515.
The method in this study uses descriptive qualitative research.
https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1108515
Descriptive research is usually defined as a type of quantitative research, though qualitative
Navarro, Emmanuel & Mina, Jennilyn & Santiago, Jomell & Jr, Romeo & Subia, Gener. (2020).
research can also be used for descriptive purposes.
Mushroom Production as a Source of Livelihood for the Depressed Barangay in Nueva Ecija,
It can generate data that describe the 'who, what, and where of events or experiences' from a
Philippines: A Strategic Plan Using Tows Matrix.
subjective perspective
Masarirambi, M. T., Mamba, M. B., & Earnshaw, D. M. (2011). Effects of Various Substrates on
Quantitative research: Descriptive research is a quantitative research method that attempts to
Growth and Yield of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). Asian Journal of Agricultural Sciences,
collect quantifiable information for statistical analysis of the population sample. It is a popular market
3(4), 275– 280.
research tool that allows us to collect and describe the demographic segment's nature.
Respondents were selected cooperative members and cooperative Chairman of the Board of
Directors……….

IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

1. Table 1: Cooperative Profile