Introductory adalah suatu bentuk kata yang bila digunakan di dalam kalimat tidak mempengaruhi makna kalimat itu

karena makna sudah dikandung oleh unsur kalimat yang lain. Kalimat yang dapat kita gunakan sebagai introductory ada dua yaitu: 1. IT 2. THERE Cara menggunakan sesuai dengan ketentuan yang sudah ada. 1. Introductory IT A. Digunakan sebagai subject untuk menyatakan : I. Keadaan Cuaca Example : Today is hot. - It is hot today Tomorrow will be sunny. - It will be sunny tomorrow. In December rain. It is rain in December. II. Waktu Example : Today is Sunday. - It is Sunday today. Yesterday was Monday. - It was Monday yesterday. Tomorrow will be Monday. - It will be Monday tomorrow. III. Mempertegas Makna Kalimat Example : To do the test is not easy. - It is not easy to do the test . To meet you again will be nice - It will be nice to meet you again

B. Digunakan sebagai Object. Example : He thinks it interesting to study English They make it easy to understand the lesson. *(Notes) : Tapi bila setelah predikat digunakan tanda koma atau kata penghubung that, maka pada kalimatnya berubah menjadi.

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Example : She found, it was difficult to translate. He thinks that if is interesting to study English. 2. Introductory THERE Introductory There harus digunakan sebagai subjek kalimat. Example : Some students are in the class. - There are some students in the class. Nothing is in the cupboard. - There is nothing in the cupboard. Some one is behind the table - There is someone behind the table. *(Note): - Selain sebagai introductory pronoun/kata ganti benda.

it

juga

digunakan

sebagai

Example: I have a cat. It is very nice. I dont like this programmer, it makes me bore. - There tidak selamanya sebagai introductory. There juga sebagai adverb of place (keterangan tempat) bila there berperan sebagai adverb of place, maka posisinya diletakkan di depan / di belakang subject. Example : I saw him there There they found the wallet.

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Rearrange the following words or phrases in their correct order to form a sentence. 1. Are to all of us start working ready. 2. Lazy complete they their studies are - to 3. Accept not happy the new regulations are some of them to. 4. Really angry the news you are to hear? 5. Co operate with you we very please are to. 6. to very glad am I hear that the exam pass you. 7. We late the - comes sure train not are. 8. I John believe not is liar a. 9. Do breakfast have know I my you eaten? 10. Tony finished John hasnt believed work yet his.

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THE FLORA OF INDONESIA Indonesia has a very rich flora. Some of the forests are very old and have never been touched by man. The plants have lived and their leaves and branches have fallen and farmed humus. This humus is natural fertilizer for the soil. So, the forest have been kept healthy and they grown well. Timber, rattan, and resin are the natural products of the forest. The need for timber for building has grown. It is exported to countries where timber is no longer available. In some area, forest have been cleared to open mines. In the other areas they have been cleared to build houses. Large area of forest are being burnt to clear land for farming. These activities are slowly reducing our forest. They are also destroying some very rare plants found, only in these forests. The government is taking a great interest in preventing this destruction. They are also carrying out reforestation project. They are making sure that where forests have to be cleared, new trees must be planted. They have also developed many special places to keep this rare plant. The most famous of these places is the Bogor Botanical Garden. GEOGRAPHY The Islands of Kalimantan lies to the North-East of Jakarta. It lies between longitudes 1080 and 1180 east and between latitudes 60 South of the equator. The area is about 600.000 square kilometers. A person traveling by air can only see mountains covered in green forest and brown, muddy rivers getting through the land. The rivers are long and winding and the flow between the mountains. The rivers of Kalimantan are very important to the people of Kalimantan. They are the only means of travel from the coastal ports to the villagers close to the mountains. Many Dayak tribes live in villages a long side the rivers. The Mahakam rivers which is about 1200 kilometers long is one of the longest rivers in Indonesia, it is possible for canoes and small boats to go quite far up - river on this river. All communication to the tribes in the interior of Kalimantan Timur and all goods have to be carried in boats on this river,

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This area is also well known for the Orang Utan and several types of monkeys. There are also fresh water dolphins in the river Mahakam The whole area is rich in flora and fauna. But now days, many mining and timber projects are reducing the natural environment for these living things.

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