CITIZENSHIP TRAINING
DISCUSSION FRAMEWORK Historical and Legal Bases of
NSTP
Philippine Constitution (Preamble, Bill of Rights and
Duties and Responsibilities of Filipino Citizen)
United Nations: Principles on Human Rights Flag
Heraldic Code of the Philippines (R.A 8491,s.1998)
Good Citizenship Values Voter Citizenship Education
HISTORICAL AND LEGAL BASES OF NSTP
PREAMBLE We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring
the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and
humane society and establish a Government that shall
embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the
common good, conserve and develop our patrimony,
and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings
of independence and democracy under the rule of law
and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality,
and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution
BILL OF RIGHTS Article III of the Philippine Constitution is
the Bill of Rights. It establishes the relationship of the
individual to the State and defines the rights of the
individual by limiting the lawful powers of the State. It is
one of the most important political achievements of the
Filipinos
BILL OF RIGHTS Article III of the Philippine Constitution is
the Bill of Rights. It establishes the relationship of the
individual to the State and defines the rights of the
individual by limiting the lawful powers of the State. It is
one of the most important political achievements of the
Filipinos
1. Defend our country from enemies and invaders.
2. Pay his/her taxes willingly and promptly.
3. Be loyal to our country
4. Take care and conserve our natural resources
5. Help our country for growth and development.
6. Keep our surroundings clean.
7. Study well and become a productive individual
8. Obey the laws and maintain peace and order in the
community.
9. Preserve the Filipino culture and identity..
10. Participate actively in various government programs.
11. Vote wisely and chose candidates who can serve the
people and our country.
12. Respect the rights of other
UNITED NATIONS: PRINCIPLES ON HUMAN RIGHTS
Human rights are universal and inalienable; indivisible;
interdependent and interrelated. They are universal
because everyone is born with and possesses the same
rights, regardless of where they live, their gender or
race, or their religious, cultural or ethnic background.
Inalienable because people’s rights can never be taken
away. Indivisible and interdependent because all rights
‒ political, civil, social, cultural and economic ‒ are equal
in importance and none can be fully enjoyed without
the others. They apply to all equally, and all have the
right to participate in decisions that affect their lives.
They are upheld by the rule of law and strengthened
through legitimate claims for duty-bearers to be
accountable to international standards.
UNIVERSALITY AND INALIENABILITY Human rights are
universal and inalienable. All people everywhere in the
world are entitled to them. The universality of human
rights is encompassed in the words of Article 1 of the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights: “All human
beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.
INDIVISIBILITY Human rights are indivisible. Whether
they relate to civil, cultural, economic, political or social
issues, human rights are inherent to the dignity of every
human person. Consequently, all human rights have
equal status, and cannot be positioned in a hierarchical
order. Denial of one right invariably impedes enjoyment
of other rights. Thus, the right of everyone to an
adequate standard of living cannot be compromised at
the expense of other rights, such as the right to health
or the right to education
INTERDEPENDENCE AND INTERRELATEDNESS Human
rights are interdependent and interrelated. Each one
contributes to the realization of a person’s human
dignity through the satisfaction of his or her
developmental, physical, psychological and spiritual
needs. The fulfilment of one right often depends, wholly
or in part, upon the fulfilment of others. For instance,
fulfilment of the right to health may depend, in certain
circumstances, on fulfilment of the right to
development, to education or to information.
EQUALITY AND NON-DISCRIMINATION All individuals are
equal as human beings and by virtue of the inherent
dignity of each human person. No one, therefore,
should suffer discrimination on the basis of race, colour,
ethnicity, gender, age, language, sexual orientation,
religion, political or other opinion, national, social or
geographical origin, disability, property, birth or other
status as established by human rights standards
PARTICIPATION AND INCLUSION All people have the
right to participate in and access information relating to
the decision-making processes that affect their lives and
well-being. Rights-based approaches require a high
degree of participation by communities, civil society,
minorities, women, young people, indigenous peoples
and other identified groups.
Accountability and Rule of Law States and other duty-
bearers are answerable for the observance of human
rights. In this regard, they have to comply with the legal
norms and standards enshrined in international human
rights instruments. Where they fail to do so, aggrieved
rights-holders are entitled to institute proceedings for
appropriate redress before a competent court or other
adjudicator in accordance with the rules and procedures
provided by law. Individuals, the media, civil society and
the international community play important roles in
holding governments accountable for their obligation to
uphold human rights. UNFPA supports the integration of
human rights standards into all stages of its
programming framework, including:
. Analyzing the immediate, underlying and structural
causes of human rights violations
2. Setting strategies and goals to address the main
causes of human rights violations and to empower the
most vulnerable people as well as to reinforce the
capacity of duty bearers.
3. Supporting initiatives for the establishment or
improvement of an enabling legal and social framework
on population and development, reproductive health
and gender equality
4. Following the recommendations of UN treaty bodies
such as the Committee on the Elimination of
Discrimination Against Women 5. Evaluating and
monitoring programmes with participatory processes
and using human rights indicators UNFPA also
recognizes that a rights-based approach should be
founded on an analysis of gender and social exclusion to
ensure that programmes reach marginal and vulnerable
segments of the population, especially poor women and
young people
FLAG HERALDIC CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES (R.A
8491,S.1998
GOOD CITIZENSHIP VALUES
MAKADIYOS Faith in Almighty God Faith in the Almighty
literally means claiming the life that Jesus promised
abundantly. Believe it or not, that life did not begin the
day you were born and will not end the day you die
(Washington, 2017). “All things work together for good
according to the lord and those who have been called
according to his purpose.” ‒Romans 8:28
Respect for Life Your life and own humanity is a gift
from God, created from His own image and likeness
which makes you a person of worth and dignity as
persons and grow to appreciate each other’s worth by
keeping an open mind and charitable attitude so you
may be able to appreciate others’ giftedness and special
roles in your life and in the society
Order The value of order is doing “first things first.” It is
simply doing the right thing at the right time and right
place without hesitation. It entails the discipline of mind
emotion and action.
Work
Work is a gift and it has become part of your nature and
destiny. God has given you talents to use as investments
in your work and in return you are expected to settle for
nothing less than excellent results. Confucius says, "Give
fish to a man, he will have food to eat for a day; teach
him how to fish and he shall have food throughout his
lifetime." And "if man will not work, he shall not eat."
(Thessalonians 3:10
Concern for the Family and Future Generations The
family is an essential factor in general, social and even
political life. Constant living together of husband and
wife, and of parents and children, contributes to the
development of a strong sense of duty, of an aptitude
for heroic sacrifices, and of the love by future
generations of the traditional and moral conquests of
those who preceded them. The family is an
indispensable element of social cohesion and
equilibrium.
MAKAKALIKASAN Concern for the Environment God
made us stewards of His creation. You are aware that
your existence and that of generations after you are
threatened by the destruction of the environment. In
this alarming situation, you should develop a sense of
urgency in the way you treat your environment: respect
the integrity of creation by means of using all
environment resources properly and prudently.
MAKATAO Love “Ang tenga kapag pinagdikit korteng
puso… extension ng puso ang tenga kaya kapag
marunong kang makinig marunong kang magmahal…”
Bob Ong Love means so much to us. Simply love is the
answer to our many questions during these trying times.
It is through love that you care, respect, accept, forgive,
and trust
Freedom “Freedom consists not in doing what we like,
but in having the right to do what we ought.” - Pope
John Paul II Freedom is the power to act or not to act.
God gave out lives, and with that comes the freedom to
choose what you want to make with it. You should
practice freedom with a clear understanding of its limits,
with a sense of discipline and chastity which will lead
you to love your fellowmen understand their plight and
do what is good and right while avoiding what is wrong
and evil
Peace You value peace by doing well for others and for
your country living and working together in harmony
and avoiding violence as a way of settling disputes.
Peace begins with you. Peace is a God- given gift that
you must nurture by prayer. This can be attained and
sustained when you develop a deep consciousness of
your faith in God, concern for your fellowmen loyalty to
your country and respect for your environment
Truth Truth is important in our society because it is a
condition for freedom. It entails transparency, honesty,
integrity sincerity, courage, and humility. The truth also
demands sacrifices and efforts, but it is a worthy cause
that highlights your own capacity as a person to do well
and live with integrity.
Justice You value justice by means of promoting ethical
practices that enhance the essence of social justice. It
also means the promotion of a healthy and humane
working condition, fair and legal labor practices, correct
use of power, moving purposefully away from graft,
corruption, and other evils
MAKABANSA
Unity
We, the Filipino citizens, are expected to be one as a
people. It also means that you, as a Filipino, we: Want
our country to be united always.
We think of others as you would of yourselves.
We are willing to lend a helping hand to others.
We want and willing to work for what is the best for
your countrymen
EQUALITY-TREATING OTHER EQUALLY AND UTMOST
DIGNITY
RESPESCT FOR THE LAW AND GOVERNMENT –SERVE
OUR OWN INTEREST AS CITIZEN NOT OF THE INTERET
OF THE FEW
PATRIOTISM-sense of duty of an individual
PROMOTION AND COMMON GOOD –sum of the total of
good and social conditions
ARTICLE III
BILL OF RIGHTS
Section 1. No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or
property without due process of law, nor shall any
person be denied the equal protection of the laws.
Section 2. The right of the people to be secure in their
persons, houses, papers, and effects against
unreasonable searches and seizures of whatever nature
and for any purpose shall be inviolable, and no search
warrant or warrant of arrest shall issue except upon
probable cause to be determined personally by the
judge after examination under oath or affirmation of the
complainant and the witnesses he may produce, and
particularly describing the place to be searched and the
persons or things to be seized.
Section 3. (1) The privacy of communication and
correspondence shall be inviolable except upon lawful
order of the court, or when public safety or order
requires otherwise, as prescribed by law.
(2) Any evidence obtained in violation of this or the
preceding section shall be inadmissible for any purpose
in any proceeding.
Section 4. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom
of speech, of expression, or of the press, or the right of
the people peaceably to assemble and petition the
government for redress of grievances.
Section 5. No law shall be made respecting an
establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free
exercise thereof. The free exercise and enjoyment of
religious profession and worship, without discrimination
or preference, shall forever be allowed. No religious test
shall be required for the exercise of civil or political
rights.
Section 6. The liberty of abode and of changing the
same within the limits prescribed by law shall not be
impaired except upon lawful order of the court. Neither
shall the right to travel be impaired except in the
interest of national security, public safety, or public
health, as may be provided by law.
Section 7. The right of the people to information on
matters of public concern shall be recognized. Access to
official records, and to documents and papers pertaining
to official acts, transactions, or decisions, as well as to
government research data used as basis for policy
development, shall be afforded the citizen, subject to
such limitations as may be provided by law.
Section 8. The right of the people, including those
employed in the public and private sectors, to form
unions, associations, or societies for purposes not
contrary to law shall not be abridged.

Section 9. Private property shall not be taken for public
use without just compensation.
Section 10. No law impairing the obligation of contracts
shall be passed.
Section 11. Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial
bodies and adequate legal assistance shall not be denied
to any person by reason of poverty.
Section 12. (1) Any person under investigation for the
commission of an offense shall have the right to be
informed of his right to remain silent and to have
competent and independent counsel preferably of his
own choice. If the person cannot afford the services of
counsel, he must be provided with one. These rights
cannot be waived except in writing and in the presence
of counsel.
(2) No torture, force, violence, threat, intimidation, or
any other means which vitiate the free will shall be used
against him. Secret detention places, solitary,
incommunicado, or other similar forms of detention are
prohibited.
(3) Any confession or admission obtained in violation of
this or Section 17 hereof shall be inadmissible in
evidence against him.
(4) The law shall provide for penal and civil sanctions for
violations of this section as well as compensation to and
rehabilitation of victims of torture or similar practices,
and their families.
Section 13. All persons, except those charged with
offenses punishable by reclusion perpetua when
evidence of guilt is strong, shall, before conviction, be
bailable by sufficient sureties, or be released on
recognizance as may be provided by law. The right to
bail shall not be impaired even when the privilege of the
writ of habeas corpus is suspended. Excessive bail shall
not be required.
Section 14. (1) No person shall be held to answer for a
criminal offense without due process of law.
(2) In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall be
presumed innocent until the contrary is proved, and
shall enjoy the right to be heard by himself and counsel,
to be informed of the nature and cause of the
accusation against him, to have a speedy, impartial, and
public trial, to meet the witnesses face to face, and to
have compulsory process to secure the attendance of
witnesses and the production of evidence in his behalf.
However, after arraignment, trial may proceed
notwithstanding the absence of the accused provided
that he has been duly notified and his failure to appear
is unjustifiable.
Section 15. The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus
shall not be suspended except in cases of invasion or
rebellion when the public safety requires it.
Section 16. All persons shall have the right to a speedy
disposition of their cases before all judicial, quasi-
judicial, or administrative bodies.
Section 17. No person shall be compelled to be a
witness against himself.
Section 18. (1) No person shall be detained solely by
reason of his political beliefs and aspirations.
Section 20. No person shall be imprisoned for debt or
non-payment of a poll tax.
Section 21. No person shall be twice put in jeopardy of
punishment for the same offense. If an act is punished
by a law and an ordinance, conviction or acquittal under
either shall constitute a bar to another prosecution for
the same act.
Section 22. No ex post facto law or bill of attainder shall
be enacted.

(2) No involuntary servitude in any form shall exist

except as a punishment for a crime whereof the party
shall have been duly convicted.

Section 19. (1) Excessive fines shall not be imposed, nor

cruel, degrading or inhuman punishment inflicted.
Neither shall the death penalty be imposed, unless, for
compelling reasons involving heinous crimes, the
Congress hereafter provides for it. Any death penalty
already imposed shall be reduced to reclusion perpetua.

(2) The employment of physical, psychological, or

degrading punishment against any prisoner or detainee
or the use of substandard or inadequate penal facilities
under subhuman conditions shall be dealt with by law.