Science

Name: Isaias Espinel____Grade: 8

Who proposed the idea that there were particles that could not be
divided and what did they call them?

Dalton's atomic theory was the first complete attempt to describe all
matter in terms of atoms and their properties. Dalton based his theory on
the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant composition.

What is an element?
A substance that can't be broken down by non-nuclear reactions

What is a compound?
A substance made up of two or more different chemical elements
combined in a fixed ratio.

How did scientists come to the conclusion that elements were matter
that could not be further divided?

Democritus knew that if you cut a stone in half, each half has the same
properties as the original stone. He reasoned that if you kept cutting the
stone into smaller and smaller pieces, you would reach a point so small
that it could no longer be divided.

Which scientists confirmed the existence of atoms in 1900 and how did
they achieve it?

Thomson and Rutherford discovered that the atom wasn't indivisible at all.
Instead, it was made of even tinier bits. In 1827, he noticed that tiny
pollen grains suspended in still water moved about in complex paths. This
can be observed with a microscope for any small particles in a fluid.

How does a scanning tunneling microscope work, and what modification

was made in 2017 to visualize an atom?

Scanning a sharp conductive probe very close to the surface of a

conductive specimen and forcing electrons to traverse the gap between
them.