INTERNATIONAL TOURISM

ARRIVALS AND RECEIPTS - 1950-1999

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ARRIVALS % INCREASE RECEIPTS % INCREASE

YEAR (millions) (US $ bil.)
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1950 25.3 2.1

1960 69.3 173.9 6.9 229
1970 158.7 145.0 17.9 159
1980 204.8 29.0 102.4 472
1990 425.0 107.5 230.0 125
1996 595.0 423.0
1998 635 439.0
1999 670 57.6 500.0 117
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Source: World Tourism Organization Secretariat (various years)

http://www.world-tourism.org/
FACTORS INCREASING TOURISM IN THE POST-WWII PERIOD
DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

Improved transportation and lower costs

Higher discretionary incomes

Smaller family size

Advertising and marketing

Crowding and environmental degradation

DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

Improved infrastructure
(transportation, communication, accomodations)

Relatively low development costs

Comparatively low prices

Improved public health standards and services

Exotic and "pristine" cultures

EXPANSION OF TOURISM IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

ADVANTAGES

Generation of foreign exchange earnings

Diversification of economies

Improvement of infrastructure and other facilities

Increase in employment opportunities

Visibility to the rest of the world

DISADVANTAGES

"Leakages" to developed world

Increased foreign ownership of land and other resources

New forms of economic inequality

Higher land prices and land speculation

Creation of new social problems such as crime, prostitution, drugs

Degradation of cultural and biophysical environments

Dependency on the whims of foreign tourists

Dependency on the state of the global economy

Vulnerability to natural disasters and political instability