Formulae Sheet

𝑑𝑃
Hydrostatic pressure: = − 𝑔
𝑑𝑧

Hydrostatic force on plane surface (Algebraic): 𝐹𝑅 = 𝑃𝑐 𝐴

𝐼
Location 𝑦 ′ of force on plane surface (Algebraic): 𝑦 ′ = 𝑦𝑐 + 𝐴𝑦
𝑥𝑥
𝑐

Hydrostatic force on plane surface (Integral form): 𝐹𝑅 = ∫𝐴 𝑝𝑑𝐴

Location 𝑦 ′ of force on plane surface (Integral form): 𝑦 ′ 𝐹𝑅 = ∫𝐴 𝑦𝑝𝑑𝐴

Location 𝑥 ′ of force on plane surface (Integral form): 𝑥 ′ 𝐹𝑅 = ∫𝐴 𝑥𝑝𝑑𝐴

𝜕
Mass conservation: ∫  𝑑
𝜕𝑡 𝐶𝑉
+ ∫𝐶𝑆  𝑉
⃑ 𝑑𝐴⃗ = 0

𝜕
Momentum conservation: ⃑  𝑑 + ∫ 𝑉
𝐹𝑆 + 𝐹𝐵 = 𝜕𝑡 ∫𝐶𝑉 𝑉 ⃑ ⃑⃑⃑𝑉 𝑑𝐴⃗
𝐶𝑆

𝜕
Momentum conservation, scalar components: 𝐹𝑆𝑥 + 𝐹𝐵𝑥 = 𝜕𝑡 ∫𝐶𝑉 𝑢 𝑑 + ∫𝐶𝑆 𝑢 𝑉
⃑ 𝑑𝐴⃗

𝜕
𝐹𝑆𝑦 + 𝐹𝐵𝑦 = 𝜕𝑡 ∫𝐶𝑉 𝑣 𝑑 + ∫𝐶𝑆 𝑣 𝑉
⃑ 𝑑𝐴⃗

𝜕
𝐹𝑆𝑧 + 𝐹𝐵𝑧 = 𝜕𝑡 ∫𝐶𝑉 𝑤 𝑑 + ∫𝐶𝑆 𝑤 𝑉
⃑ 𝑑𝐴⃗

𝑃 𝑉2
Bernoulli equation: + + 𝑔𝑧 = constant
 2

b/2
b x

b/2

a/2 a/2
Rectangle; height b, width, a: A = ab, Ixx,C = ab3/12