See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/370465208

FUNDAMENTALS OF ALGORITHMIZATION AND PROGRAMMING

Presentation · May 2023

CITATIONS READS

0 222

1 author:

Abdulkhay Kholmuminov
Tashkent State University of Economics
8 PUBLICATIONS 0 CITATIONS

SEE PROFILE

All content following this page was uploaded by Abdulkhay Kholmuminov on 02 May 2023.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

FUNDAMENTALS OF
ALGORITHMIZATION AND
PROGRAMMING

by Kholmuminov
Abdulkhay
 Introduction
Algorithmization and
programming refer to the
development of a set of
instructions that a computer
can understand and carry
out. These instructions are
written in a specific
programming language and
are used to create software
and programs that can
automate tasks and provide
solutions to various
problems.
What is an algorithm?

An algorithm refers
to a set of step-by-
step instructions
that a computer or
machine can follow
to solve a specific
problem or
complete a specific
task.
 Simple examples of algorithms
in everyday life.

1. Recipe instructions for cooking a meal

2. Instructions for assembling furniture from a kit
3. Steps for solving a Rubik's cube
4. Directions for driving to a destination using GPS
5. Rules for playing a board game or card game
6. Steps for operating a washing machine or
dishwasher
 Algorithm design
Designing an algorithm involves several
steps:

1. Identify the problem

2. Define the inputs and outputs
3. Choose a methodology
4. Develop the algorithm
5. Analyze the algorithm
6. Refine the algorithm
7. Implement the algorithm
8. Test the algorithm: Finally, the
algorithm needs to be tested to ensure
that it produces the correct output for
different inputs and that it runs
efficiently.
 Programming languages
There are numerous programming languages
available to developers, each with its own
syntax, features, and capabilities.

1. Python
2. Java
3. JavaScript
4. C++
5. Ruby
6. PHP
7. Swift
Each programming language has its own
strengths and weaknesses, depending on the
intended use case.
 Variables and data types
Variables are used to store data in a program.
They are given a name and a value, which can
be changed throughout the program. Data
types are used to define what type of data a
variable can hold.

Variables can be declared using the syntax:

data_type variable_name = value;
 Control structures
Control structures are used to control
the flow of a program. They allow for
decisions to be made based on certain
conditions, and for code to be repeated
multiple times.

Some common control structures include:

- If statements: used to execute code if a certain condition is met
-Loops: used to repeat code multiple times
-For loops: used when the number of iterations is known
-While loops: used when the number of iterations is unknown
-Do-while loops: similar to while loops, but guaranteed to execute at least
once
-Switch statements: used to execute different code blocks based on the value
of a variable
 Functions and procedures
Both functions and procedures are
fundamental building blocks of
programming that allow developers
to segment and organize their code
into smaller, reusable units of work.

In programming, functions and procedures

are used to make code more modular,
reusable, and easier to understand. By
breaking up code into smaller, specific
functions or procedures, developers can write
code that is more organized, easier to debug
and maintain, and can be reused across
different parts of their program.
 Object-oriented programming

Object-oriented programming (OOP) is a programming

paradigm that is based on the concept of "objects". In
OOP, an object is a data structure that contains data
(often referred to as attributes or properties) and the
functions (or methods) that can be applied to that data.
The idea is to structure a program as a collection of
objects that interact with each other to perform tasks.
 Debugging and testing
Debugging and testing are crucial steps in the
software development process. They help to ensure
that the program works as intended and is free from
errors or bugs.

Debugging involves Testing involves running the

identifying and fixing errors program through a series of tests
in the code. This is important to check its functionality and
because even small errors performance. This can include
can cause the program to unit testing, integration testing,
malfunction or produce and system testing. Testing is
unexpected results. important because it helps to
identify any issues or bugs .
 Best practices
Some best practices for writing efficient and effective
code include:
1. Plan before you write
2. Stick to a consistent coding style
3. Break down your code into smaller functions or methods
4. Focus on readability
5. Use efficient data structures and algorithms
6. Avoid unnecessary operations
7. Optimize your code for speed and/or memory
8. Test thoroughly
9. Continuously Refactor
10. Follow best practices and conventions
 Conclusion
Algorithmization and programming are fascinating and ever-
evolving topics that offer endless possibilities for creativity
and innovation. If you are interested in diving deeper into
these fields, there are various ways you can continue learning
and exploring.
1. Enroll in Online Courses and Tutorials
2. Join Online Communities
3. Participate in Hackathons and Coding Challenges
4. Build Your Own Projects
5. Read and Stay Current

In conclusion, algorithmization and

programming are exciting and rewarding
fields that require dedication, creativity,
and continual learning.
View publication stats

Thank you for your

attention