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Remedial Law

PEOPLE OF THE PHILIPPINES v ANTONIO “PAY TONIO” CORROBELLA

GR No. 231878 October 14, 2020, SECOND DIVISION (Perlas-Bernabe, J.)

DOCTRINE: The death of an accused pending appeal of his conviction


extinguishes the criminal action and ipso facto extinguishes the civil liability ex
delicto against him. However, where the civil liability survives, an action for
recovery may be pursued by filing a separate civil action.

Facts: The Court rendered a decision finding Antonio “Pay Tonio” Corrobella
guilty beyond reasonable doubt of three (3) counts of Statutory Rape. Aggrieved,
Pay Tonio filed a motion for reconsideration. Pending resolution of the MR, the
Court received a letter from the Bureau of Corrections notifying the Court of the
death of Pay Tonio as evidenced by the attached Notice of Death.

Issue: Should the criminal and civil liabilities be extinguished by Pay Tonio’s
death?

Ruling: Yes. Pay Tonio’s death prior to his final conviction by the Court renders
dismissible the criminal case against him. Article 89 (1) of the Revised Penal
Code states that criminal liability is totally extinguished by the death of the
accused, as well as the civil liability, based solely thereon. The same provision
also provides that where the civil liability survives, an action for recovery may
be pursued but only by way of filing a separate civil action subject to Section 1,
Rule 111 of the 1986 Rules of Criminal Procedure, as amended. This separate
civil action may be enforced either against the executor/administrator or the
estate of the accused, depending on the source of obligation upon which the
same is based.

Therefore, upon Pay Tonio’s death pending appeal of his conviction, the
criminal action is extinguished for there is no longer a defendant to stand as
the accused. The civil action instituted therein for the recovery of the civil
liability ex delicto is ipso facto extinguished. However, the victim, AAA may file a
separate civil action against the estate of Pay Tonio as may be warranted by law
and procedural rules.

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