Dr.

AISHA SABER
 Electrocardiography (ECG or
EKG):

 is the recording of the

electrical activity of the heart
with time.

 It reveals the heart's rate and

rhythm as well as the details
regarding the condition of the
heart.

Dr.AISHA SABER
Resting ECG.

Exercise ECG.

24-hour ECG.
Dr.AISHA SABER
2)myocardial infarction
3)pulmonary embolism
4) other patterns of disease:
 cardiac murmurs
Syncope or collapse
 seizures
perceived cardiac dysarrhythmias

Dr.AISHA SABER
 disturbance regulator of heart
hugeness heart muscle
inflammation pericarditis
inflammation heart muscle
disturbance in rate of salts in body
Acute (MI)

Dr.AISHA SABER
 GRIP
Greet ,Rapport ,Introduce, Identify ,Privacy , Explain
,Procedure ,Permission.
 Lay patient down
Expose chest ,wrists ,ankles.
Clean electrode sites ( may need to shave).
 Apply electrodes.
 Attach wires correctly.
 Turn on machine.
Record and print .
 Label the tracing .
Disconnect if adequate and remove.
Dr.AISHA SABER
Electrod Electrode placement
e label
V1 In the fourth intercostal space (between ribs
4 and 5) just to the right of the sternum.

V2 In the fourth intercostal space (between ribs

4 and 5) just to the left of the sternum.

V3 Between leads V2 and V4.

V4 In the fifth intercostal space (between ribs 5
and 6) in the mid clavical line

V5 Horizontally even with V4, in the left anterior

axillary line .
V6 Horizontally even with V4 and V5 in the mid
axillary line. Dr.AISHA SABER
Electro Electrode placement
de label

RA On the right arm, red lead

LA On the left arm, yellow lead

RL On the right leg, black lead.

LL on the left leg, green lead.

Dr.AISHA SABER
Dr.AISHA SABER
Dr.AISHA SABER
Dr.AISHA SABER
Dr.AISHA SABER
a normal ECG is consist of waveform which are
labeled P, Q, R, S, T and U.

P wave :
Is the first short upward movement.
Is indicates the atrial depolarization
The QRS complex:
Normally begins with (Q ) a downward deflection,
( R ) a larger upwards deflection, and then a
downwards ( S )wave.
Is indicates the ventricular depolarization.
T wave :
Is normally a modest upwards wave.
Is indicates the ventricular repolarization

.
Dr.AISHA SABER
 Feature Description

RR interval The interval between an R wave and the next R wave; normal
resting heart rate is between 60 and 100 bpm

PR interval The PR interval is measured from the beginning of the P wave to

the beginning of the QRS complex. The PR interval reflects the
time the electrical impulse .

ST segment The ST segment connects the QRS complex and the T wave. The
ST segment represents the period when the ventricles are
depolarized. It is isoelectric.

ST interval The ST interval is measured from the J point to the end of the T
wave.
QT interval The QT interval is measured from the beginning of the QRS
complex to the end of the T wave. A prolonged QT interval is a
risk factor for ventricular tachy arrhythmias and sudden death.

Dr.AISHA SABER
non adhesion of electrode incorrectly
movement during the test
going to gymnastics before test
concern breathing deep during test

Dr.AISHA SABER
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Supraventricular tachycardia

Dr.AISHA SABER
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Dr.AISHA SABER
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Dr.AISHA SABER
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Dr.AISHA SABER
Heart rate and rhythm

Dr.AISHA SABER
Dr.AISHA SABER