LIQUID DOSAGE

FORMS

Ms. Dipal M. Patel

Assistant Professor
Department of Pharmaceutics
Saraswati Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences
Dhanap, Gandhinagar - 382355
LIQUID DOSAGE FORMS
Dosage forms are essentially pharmaceutical products in the form
which involves a mixture of active drug components and nondrug
components (excipients). Liquid form of a dose of a drug used as
a drug or medication intended for administration or consumption.

Liquid dosage forms are prepared:

a. By dissolving the active drug substance in an aqueous or non-
aqueous (e.g. alcohol, ether, glycerin) solvent,
b. By suspensing the drug in appropriate medium, or
c. By incorporating the drug substance into an oil or water
phases.
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ADVANTAGES OF LDF
Advantages:
a. Better for patients who have trouble swallowing expiration than
other.
b. Faster absorption than solids.
c. More flexibility in achieving the proper dosage of medication.
d. Palatable.
e. Best choice for children and old age person.
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DISADVANTAGES OF LDF

a. Shorter life than other dosage form,

b. Harder to measure accuracy,
c. Need special storage condition.
d. Less stable,
e. Easily affected by microorganisms,
f. Bulky to carry around.
g. Easy to loss by the breakage of the container.
h. Measuring dose is required.
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ADMINISTRATION OF LDF

Liquid dosage forms can be administered:

a. Topically - lotions or suspension applied to the skin, nasal
drops, ear drops, eye solutions.
b. Orally (p.o.) – oral suspension, emulsion & solution.
c. Parenterally -
 subcutaneous injection (s.c.),

 intramuscular injection (i.m.)

 intravenous administration (i.v.)

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 Monophasic Liquid Dosage Forms

Liquids meant for internal Liquids meant for external

administration administration

Syrups

Mixtures
Liquids applied to Liquids used in Liquids instilled
the skin mouth into body cavities
Elixirs
Lotions Gargles Douches
Linctuses
Liniments Ear drops
Mouthwashes
Collodions Nasal drops
Paints Throat paints
Eye drops
Enemas

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 Syrup Elixirs
Concentrated aqueous Clear, aromatic,
preparations of 60% to sweetened hydroalcoholic
85% sucrose with or solutions with or without
without flavoring medicinal substances,
agents and medicinal intended for oral use.
substances. eg:Dexamethasone elixir
e.g. Chlorpheniramine (Medicated)
maleate syrup, Compound benzaldehyde
Chloral hydrate syrup elixir (Non-medicated)
etc Liquids meant
for internal
administratio
Mixture ns
Liquid preparation Linctuses
meant for oral Viscous, liquid and
administration in oral preparations
which medicaments that are generally
are dissolved in a prescribed for the
suitable vehicle. relief of cough.
Eg: Orange peel Eg: Codeine Linctus. 8
infusion
Liquids meant for external administrations
Mouthwash
Gargles
Aqueous solutions Aqueous solution with
containing antiseptics, a pleasant taste and
antibiotics or odor used to clean and
anesthetics used to deodorize the buccal
prevent or treat throat cavity. Have antiseptic
infections. and astringent
Available in activity.
concentrated form with eg: Antiseptics-phenol
direction for dilution derivatives
with warm water before Astringents-Zinc
use. a) Liquids Chloride
eg:Phenol gargle used in the
mouth
Throat paints
Throat sprays
Viscous liquid
sprayed into the
preparation used for
throat are
mouth and throat
intended to
infections.
medicate the
Eg:Phenol glycerine,
lungs
Compound Iodine 9
paint
Liquids meant for external administrations
Enemas
Douches Aqueous or oily
Medicated solution that is
solution meant introduced into the
for rinsing a body rectum and colon via
cavity as eyes, ear Nasaldrops
the anus for
or nasal cavities Administered
cleansing,
for cleaning or through the nose to
therapeutic or
removing the obtain a systemic or
diagnostic purposes
foreign particles local effect. Used for
or discharge from symptoms such as
b) Liquids nasal congestion
them. Eg: isotonic
instilled caused by an
sodium chloride
into body allergy, or a related
solution
cavities upper-respiratory
Otic Eye drops problem.
preparations Sterile,aqueous/ Eg:Beclomethasone
Applied to or in oily solutions dipropionate nasal
the ear to treat or intended for drops
prevent dermatitis instillation in
of the ear, eyeball.
cerumen build up Eg:Moxifloxacin 10
and ear infection. eye
Eg: soda glycerine drops