Exercise 1

A pump having the following characteristics:

Q(L/s) 0 50 100 150 200

H (m) 60 57 52 41 25
η (%) 0 31 54 72 84

Is used to deliver water from a river at elevation 33m to a reservoir with

water level of 65m, through a 25cm diameter pipeline, 3000m long and
friction factor equal f=0.0178. Minor losses coefficient is K=8, Calculate the
discharge in the pipeline and the pump shaft power . Select a pump from
LOWARA software.

1
Hst=65-33 =32 m
L=3000 m, f=0.0178 , D=0.25 m ,K=8
From the intersection of the pipe system
curve & pump performance curve we get
Q=0.071 m3/s
L V2 V2 V2 L
hL  f  K  ( f  k )
D 2g 2g 2g D
V2 L V2 Q2
hL  ( f  k ) where 
2g D 2 g 2 gA2
Q2 L Q2 3000
hL  2
( f   k )  2
(0.0178  8)
2 gA D 2 gA 0.25
3.14  0.252
A
4

hA= 32+ 4704 Q2

2
 O.P (Q = 71.7 L/sec, H=55.5 m )

100
90
hA= 32+ 4704 Q2
80
70
60 Q = 71.7 L/sec, H=55.5
50
H(m)
40
30
20
10
0
0 50 100 150 200 250
L/s
3
 O.P (Q = 71.7 L/sec, H=55.5 m & Eff = 56 % )

Efficiency
80
70
60
Eff 50
%
40
Efficiency
30
20
10
0
0 50 100 150 200 250

L/s 4
From graphs we get OP intersection of pump
performance curve and pipe system curve

Q = 71.7 L/sec, H=55.5m &  = 56 %

Pump shaft power :

γQh A 9.81×0.071×55.5
SP= = = 69 kW
η 0.56

γQh A 9.81 KN/m3×0.071 m3 /s×55.5m

SP= = = 69 kW
η 0.56

5
Pump selection using LOWARA software

6
Exercise 2
The performance characteristics of a centrifugal pump at 1500
rpm are tabulated below:
Q (lit/sec) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Hm (m) 18.8 17 15 13 10 7 2.5
Efficiency
0 55 75 78 70 60 47
(%)

When this pump is used in a piping system with a static head =

8m it deliver a flow rate of 40L/s. Draw the pump performance
curves & Pipe system curve , Determine the O.P. And pump shaft
Power .

7
 To find the piping system
20 90
H Pump (m) K value using the
18 80
H System following equation:
16 (m)
70
14
60

H A  H st  kQ 2

Efficiency (%)
12
50
H (m)

10
40
H A  H st
8
30
k
6 Q2
20
10  8
4

2 10
k 2
 1250
0 0 0.040
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Q (L/s) H A  8  1250 Q 2

Draw the piping system curve and determine the O.P. According to the graph, the
operating point of this pump is Q = 40 L/s & H= 10 m efficiency of 70%.

  Q  H A 9.81 0.040 10

Psh    5.6 kW
m 0.70 8
 Calculate the electrical pump power of the pump if the
motor power is 0.93

  Q  H A 9.81 0.040 10

PMotor    6 kW  8 hP
 pump motor 0.70  0.93

9
Solution:

Hp = 25 – 200Q – 3000Q2
L = 2000m ; f = 0.017; Hst = 10m; D = 0.2m
HA= Hst + KQ2
f L 0.0178  2000
K   9194
K = 9194 12.1 D 5
12.1 0.25

HA = 10 + 9194Q2

To determine Q analytically
25 –200Q – 3000 Q2=10 + 9194.1Q2
1179.1Q2 + 200Q – 15 = 0
Q= 0.02819 m3/sec = 28.19L/sec
H = 16.97m, hL = 6.976m
10
Exercise 3
A centrifugal pump having the characteristics given by
the following equation :
H = 25 – 200Q – 3000Q2
In which H is the head given by the pump in meters and
Q is the discharge in m3/s. The pump is used to
deliver water through a static head of 10m in a 20cm
pipe diameter , the pipeline is 2000m long.
Neglecting minor losses and considering a constant
friction factor 0.017, determine analytically and check
graphically the discharge passing in the pipeline and
the friction head loss.
11
 Graphically
30

25 H = 25 – 200Q – 3000Q2
H
m 20

15 PC
PSC
10 HA = 10 + 8779.1Q2

0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

L/s 12
 A A

10 m 10 m

Exercise 4
B B

Pump
Elevation difference = 10 m Static Head = -10 m

The performance characteristics of a centrifugal pump are

tabulated below:
Q (lit/sec) 0 20 40 60 80 100
Hm (m) 30 31 29 25 20 12.5
Efficiency
0 40 60 70 75 70
(%)

40 L/s of water flows from tank A to tank B due to a difference of

water level equal to 10m. In order to increase the discharge, a
booster centrifugal pump is used in this pipeline. Calculate the
pump shaft power and the percentage increase in the discharge.
Neglect All minor losses.
13
 The pipe system curve will pass by the H axis points
(0L/s, -10m) and the Q axis points (40L/s, 0m):
10
3
H A  H st  k Q  0  10  k (40 10 )
2 2
k 2
 6250
0.040
When the pump is connected, the value of k will not
change because k is dependent only on the pipeline and thus
the following table is obtained.
Q (L/s) 0 20 40 60 80 100
H (m) 30 31 29 25 20 12.5
H system (m)
-10 -7.5 0 12.5 30 52.5

η (%) 0 40 60 70 75 7o
14
80

70

60

50

40
H pump (m)
30 H system (m)
Efficiency (%)

20

10

0
0 50 100 150
-10

-20

According to the graph, the operating point of this

pump is at a head of 22m, a flow rate of 72 L/s and
an efficiency of 73%.
15
 The discharge becomes 72 L/s at a head 22m
and efficiency 74%.

72- 40
% increase in Q= ×100= 80%
40
 Q H 9.81  0.072  22
Pshaft    21kW
m 0.74
Pump inlet power in Hp assuming motor power efficiency
93 %

 QH 9.81  0.072  22
Pmotor    22.6kW  30.1Hp
mech.  motor 0.74  0.93
16
 Exercise 5
The performance characteristics of a centrifugal pump are tabulated below:

Q (lit/sec) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
HA (m) 22 24 23.5 21.5 18.5 14 9.5
Efficiency
0 31 54 72 84 84 74
(%)

1. What is the normal discharge and shaft power?

2. Estimate the shaft power when the delivery valve is completely closed
and the pump is rotating at the design speed.
3. Estimate the pipe length L in m, if the operating discharge is 9 L/s and
the pipe diameter is 3 inches and the static head is hst=3m.
Knowing that the pipeline have one globe valve fully opened (kL=10) and
two bends (kL=0.8 each). The friction factor is taken as f=0.02.
17
 What is the normal discharge and shaft power?

30 90
H Pump (m)
80 The normal discharge
25 Efficiency
70 and shaft power occurs
20 60 at the point of best
efficiency.

Efficiency (%)
50
H (m)

15
40 According to the
10 30
adjacent graph, the
20
normal discharge is 9L/s
5
10
and the normal head is
16.5m.
0 0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Q (L/s)

Q =9L/s H =16.5 m & eff=84.5

18
Estimate the shaft power when the delivery valve is completely closed and
the pump is rotating at the design speed.

 Q  H
Psh 
m
Psh could be calculated at all points except that point of efficiency 0%, so the
graph of the shaft power is drawn and the intersection of it with the vertical
axis is determined so as to determine Psh when the delivery valve is closed
extend the curve of the shat power witch intersect the Y axis at 0.5 kw
friction power.

Q (lit/sec) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12
HA (m) 22 24 23.5 21.5 18.5 14 9.5
Efficiency (%) 0 31 54 72 84 84 74
Psh (kW) --- 1.518971.707671.757631.72843 1.635 1.5113

19
 Pump shaft power

0.5 Kw is the Friction power & Q=0

20
 Estimation of the length of the piping System

The flow Velocity in the Pipe system is:

Q 0.009
V   1.9735m / s
 2 
D  0.0762 2
4 4

The head loss:

hA  hst  hL  3  hL  16  hL  13m

Substituting:

   
2 2 2 2
L V V L 1.9735 1.9735
hL  f     kL 0.02    1.6  10   13
 D  2g 2g  0.0762  19.62 19.62

L  205 m 21