British Columbia International Education

Foundations of Mathematics and Pre-Calculus 10__Vocabulary

Chapter 4 R o o t s and Powers

4.1 Estimating Roots

No. English Chinese Definition & Examples Sentence

1 square root 平方根 3 is a square root of 9.

2 cube root 立方根 3 is the cube root of 27.

3 fourth root 四次方根 3 is a fourth root of 81.

4 radical 根式

5 radicand 被开方数

6 index pl. indices 根指数

7 perfect square 完全平方数 9 is a perfect square.

8 perfect cube 完全立方数 27 is a perfect cube.

�
9 rational number 有理数 A rational number can be written in the form ,
�
where m and n are integers, n ≠ 0.
10 consecutive adj. 连续的 Write the two consecutive perfect squares closest to 7.

4.2 Irrational Numbers

No. English Chinese Definition & Examples Sentence

�
1 irrational 无理数 An irrational number cannot be written in the form ,
number �
where m and n are integers, n ≠ 0.
2 quotient 商 π is not a rational number because it cannot be written
as a quotient of integers
3 integer 整数

4 approximation 近似值 Determine approximations of these irrational

numbers.
5 perfect power 完全幂 A perfect power can be written in the form of �� ,
where m is an integer, and n is a positive integer
greater than 1.
6 decimal form 小数形式

7 repeat v. 重复 The decimal form of 14 neither repeats nor

terminates.
8 terminate v. 结束

9 real number 实数 The rational numbers and irrational numbers form the
set of real numbers.
10 formula 公式 The formula for the circumference of a circle is:
C = 2πr .
4.3 Mixed and Entire Radicals

No. English Chinese Definition & Examples Sentence

1 fraction 分数 D: the quotient of two rational numbers

� �
2 equivalent adj. 相等的 is equivalent to �� .
�

3 isosceles right 等腰直角三角形

triangle
4 leg 直角边

5 hypotenuse 斜边

6 the scale factor 比例因子 What is the scale factor of the enlargement?

7 multiplication 乘法性质 Multiplication property of radicals

property
8 2 6 2倍 根号6 2 root 6

9 3
3 3 3倍 3的立方根 3 cube root 3

10 fourth power 四次幂 24

4
11 fourth root 四次方根 16

12 perfect nth factor 完全 n 次方因数 32 is the perfect 5th factor of 96. (96 = 25·3)
3 4
13 entire radical 整体根式 D: Radicals of the form such as 80 , 144 and 162
are entire radicals.
3
14 mixed radical 混合根式 D: Radicals of the form a � � such as 4 5 , 2 18 and
4
3 2 are mixed radicals.
15 perimeter 周长 D: Perimeter refers to the total length of the boundary
of a two-dimensional geometric figure.
16 circumference 圆周(长) D: The circumference refers to the distance around the
boundary of a circle.

Some Useful Verbs

No. English Chinese Definition & Examples Sentence

1 Estimate v. 估计... Estimate the value of 20.

2 Revise v. 修正... Use this value to revise your estimate.

3 Verify / Justify v. 证明...有理 Verify / Justify your answers.

4 Simplify v. 化简... Simplify each radical.

5 Suppose v. 假设... Suppose (that) an entire radical can be simplified.

6 Predict v. 预测... Predict the length of the hypotenuse.

7 Identify v. 识别... Identify an error the student made.

8 Explain v. 解释 Explain why ...