BAB 3

PAST TENSES

1. Simple Past Tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang terjadi pada masa lampau.

Rumus: S + V2

Adverb of time: yesterday, last night, two hours ago, just now, etc.
E.g:
- The boy stayed in the house last week.
- We wrote a letter to our parents yesterday.
- He left the baby alone last night.

Kebiasaan di Masa Lalu

Would + V1
Used to + V1

I used to swim everyday.

2. Past Continuous Tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu tertentu di
masa lampau.

Rumus: S + was / were + Ving

Adverb of time:
- at + pukul + Waktu Lewat
- at this time yesterday
- when + S + V2
- while + S + was/were + V ing , S + V2
- all day + waktu lewat
E.g:
- He came while I was reading the history book.
- The baby was crying at this time yesterday.
- When we saw the man, he was standing there.

3. Past Perfect Tense

Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang telah selesai ketika kejadian lain terjadi di
masa lampau.

Rumus: S + had + V3

Bisa diikuti oleh: already, just

Pemakaian:
- S + had + V3 before S + V2
- After S + had + V3, S + V2
- S + had + V3 when S + V2
- S + had + V3 by the time S + V2
- By + waktu lewat, S + had + V3
E.g:
- Salim had finished the work before his father arrived home.
- They had given the money to the beggar by the time we met them.
- He went out after he had locked the door.
4. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian yang sudah berlangsung beberapa lama dan
masih berlangsung ketika kejadian lain terjadi di masa lampau.

Rumus: S + had + been + V-ing

Pemakaian:
- Before + S + V2, S + had + been + V-ing for…
- When + S + V2, S + had + been + V-ing for…
- After + S + had + been + V-ing + for ... S + V2
Catatan: Harus diikuti dengan durasi kejadian
E.g:
- I had been waiting for her for half an hour when she saw me last night.
- After he had been driving for fifty six hours, he stopped to sleep.
- Before he went home, he had been playing the guitar for five hours.

Soal – Soal Bab 3

READING
Nast played an important role in President Lincoln’s reelection. In 1864 the war was not going
well for the North. Many people blamed Lincoln. They were tired of the war. The Democratic
candidate, General George B. McClellan, promised peace at any price. Lincoln didn’t think he had a
chance to be reelected. In August he wrote: “It seems exceedingly probable that this administration
will not be reelected”. But he had not counted on the support of Thomas Nast. Nast drew cartoons
showing McClellan as a man who would compromise with the South. The cartoons were effective, and
helped President Lincoln win reelection.

1. What is the author’s main point?

A. Lincoln asked Thomas Nast for help. But Nast refused
B. Voters wanted a compromise with the South.
C. Lincoln thought the voters would blame him for not ending the war.
D. Thomas Nast’s cartoons helped to reelect Lincoln.

2. According to the passage, how did Lincoln feel about his chances for reelection?
A. Doubtful C. Indifferent
B. Enthusiastic D. President Lincoln’s successor

3. It can be assumed that the paragraph preceding the passage most probably discussed
A. the United States economy
B. Thomas Nast
C. General George B McClellan
D. President Lincoln’s successor

Structure and written Expression

4. Kristina….to an opera before she lived in Jakarta.
A. was never going C. had never gone
B. has never gone D. did not go

5. The village dwellers…when the dam of Situ Gintung broke.

A. Slept C. had slept
B. were sleeping D. had been sleeping

6. The accident happening last night…the life of people and….many others.

A. takes – injured C. took – injured
 B. took – injuries D. taken – injuries

7. Chrisye, whose complete name is Chrismansyah Rahadi,….on March 30, 2007.

A. died C. dies
B. has died D. had died

8. ……discussed before the director proposed it.

A. The economic crisis had been C. The economic crisis has already been
B. The economic crisis being D. The economic crisis is already

9. The “for sale” sign isn’t there now, but it…as recently as last week, so the car must have just been
sold.
A. was there C. just there
B. did be there D. would be there

10. Do you certainly believe that the student…..the girl when you saw him last week?
A. was disturbed C. was disturbing
B. disturbed D. is disturbing

11. While I was watching TV, my roommate his friend.

A. had called C. called
B. calling D. calls

12. Lia expected to get a quick reply after she … her letter of application.
A. had sent C. sent
B. would send D. was sending

13. The Titanic…for four days when a huge iceberg was suddenly spotted.
A. sailed C. has sailed
B. was sailing D. had been sailing

14. I have spent three weeks in Germany last July.

A B C D

15. After John eaten dinner, he wrote several letters and went to bed.
A B C D

16. The manager has finished working on the report last night, and now she will begin to write the
A B C D
other proposal.

17. The president went fishing after he has finished with the conference.
A B C D

18. Pete had already saw that musical before he read the review about it.
A B C D

19. Victor used to living in Medan, but his company had him transferred to a better position in
A B C D
Jakarta.

20. While doing his assignment, the man….a call from his girlfriend.
A. received C. receiving
 B. to receive D. has received

21. The minister reiterated his intention of resigning. The synonym of the underlined word is…
A. refused C. described
B. repeated D. reported

22. Neighboring states often sign trade agreement with one another.
The Synonym of the underlined word is….
A. peaceful C. friendly
B. adjacent D. developing

23. Although they….there for more than three hours, the headmaster didn’t want to see them.
A. have been waiting C. waited
B. were waiting D. had been waiting

24. Ditto…..Indonesia before he came to Jakarta to study in the International student program.
A. has never visited C. would never visited
B. never visited D. had never visited

25. By the time she moved to another room to continue her reading, her mother……the room.
A. has left C. left
B. had left D. was leaving

26. The teacher, accompanied by his lawyer in the room, …… a seminar in Pekanbaru when the car
accident happened.
A. attended C. were attending
B. attending D. was attending

27. By the time I moved to Makassar about three years ago, I…..in Jakarta for almost ten years.
A. had been living C. lived
B. have lived D. will have lived

28. The bus came after I…..for about twenty minutes.

A. have been waiting C. was waiting
B. have waited D. had been waiting

29. When it comes to buying clothes, Herman is impetuous. The synonym of the underlined word is….
A. illustrious C. immune
B. implicit D. impulsive

30. Ima felt confident about her grade on the test he…..
A. has just taken C. had just taken
B. was just taken D. is just taking

31. The chief accountant…..the monthly report for seven hours when the director arrived.
A. had been scrutinizing C. had been scrutinized
B. has been scrutinizing D. has been scrutinized

32. He had died before his latest book…

A. has been published C. had been published
B. would be published D. was published

33. They have been learning English since they…. in Elementary School.
 A. had studied C. have been studying
B. studied D. study

34. Before we checked out of the hotel, the sales manager told us that the bill…
A. have already been paid C. was already paid
B. has already been paid D. had already been paid

35. When he lived in the suburban area, Mike ….the subway to go to his office every day.
A. would take C. could take
B. might take D. will take

36. Alex…many backhoes before he received his special mechanic license.

A. has repaired C. repairing
B. repaired D. had repaired

37. My aunt….movie last night when her best friend called.

A. was watching C. watched
B. watch D. had watched

38. They….bottled vitamin water while jogging around the station.

A. had drunk C. drank
B. have drunk D. drinking

39. When…..the conference?

A. the Director attended C. the Director will attend
B. did the Director attend D. the Director’s attendance