VOTARERMONOUTPUTCOPYWithCoverBook 20231026161705

†fvUv‡ii gb
I
Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj
Aa¨vcK W. Aveyj eviKvZ

mfvcwZ, evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ mwgwZ
(e-mail: barkatabul71@gmail.com)
evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ mwgwZ Av‡qvwRZ

Ò†fvUv‡ii gb I Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdjÓ kxl©K
RvZxq †mwgbvi I †cÖm Kbdv‡i‡Ý Dc¯’vwcZ M‡elYvcÎ
evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ mwgwZ

XvKv: 26 A‡±vei, 2023
†fvUv‡ii gb
I
Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj
Aa¨vcK W. Aveyj eviKvZ
mfvcwZ, evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ mwgwZ
¯^Z¡ 2023  Aveyj eviKvZ

4/wm, B¯‹vUb Mv‡W©b †ivW, XvKv-1000, evsjv‡`k
†dvb I d¨v·: 880-222225996; †gvevBj: 01716418500
B-†gBj: bea.dhaka@gmail.com; I‡qemvBU: www.bea-bd.org
g~j¨: 300 UvKv, BDGm 15 Wjvi, BD‡iv 12, weªwUk cvDÛ 10

(weµqjä m¤ú~Y© A_© evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ mwgwZi Dbœqb Kg©Kv‡Ð eëüZ
n‡e)
cÖ”Q`
Avey Zv‡je
gy`ªY
AvMvgx wcÖw›Us GÛ cvewjwks †Kvs
27 eveycyiv, bxj‡ÿZ, XvKv
†dvb: 01971118243
B-†gBj: agami.printers@gmail.com
ISBN: 978-984-35-5105-4
D×…wZ mycvwik: Aveyj eviKvZ (2023), †fvUv‡ii gb I Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq

msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj, evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ mwgwZ, XvKv: 26
A‡±vei, 2023|
evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ mwgwZ, XvKv: 26 A‡±vei, 2023|

m~wPcÎ
M‡elYv c×wZ cÖm‡½ 5
†ewk †fvU bv-wK †ewk Avmb? 6
wRZ‡Z KZ †fvU ìKvi? 9
†fvUv‡ii aib †kÖwYwefvRb, wfwË †fvU, wfwË Avmb (m¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ Avmb), 11
weRq-AwbwðZ Avmb
Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ Kx †`‡L wm×všÍ †b‡eb? Kx ejv n‡e? †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i P‚ovšÍ 22
wm×všÍ?
†Kgb n‡Z cv‡i Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ P‚ovšÍ djvdj? †Kvb `‡ji 50
miKvi MVb m¤¢vebv KZUzKz?
Dcmsnvi 54
QK, e·, mviwY

QK-1: Mo Avmb cÖwZ †fvUvi I †RZvi †fvU (cÖviw¤¢K wn‡me) 10
QK 2: wewfbœ `‡ji m¤¢ve¨ ÒwfwË AvmbÓ 18
(†hme `‡ji c‡ÿ IB Avm‡b wfwË †fvU 40 kZvsk ev Zvi AwaK,
weavq Avmb †RZv †gvUvgywU wbwðZ; Gme Avm‡b wRZ‡Z †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ì †h †fvU ìKvi, Zv m¤¢ve¨ weRqx `j A‡cÿvK…Z mn‡R
†c‡Z cv‡i)
QK 3: Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b `jwfwËK m¤¢ve¨ Avmb msL¨v 51
(†gvU AvmbmsL¨v 300)
e· 1: †fv‡Ui wn‡mecË‡ii K‡qKwU aviYv (Kb‡mÞ) Ges mswkøó †hŠw³K gvb 15

e· 2: cÖ‡ÿwcZ wbe©vPbx djvd‡ji mwVKZv cÖm‡½ 54
mviwY 1: †fvUv‡ii aib †kÖwY-wefvRb, wfwË †fvU, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvU, wfwË 17
Avmb, cwieZ©bxq Avmb
mviwY 2: evsjv‡`‡k †fvUvi‡ì eqmKvVv‡gv 24
mviwY 3: 2024 wbe©vP‡b K‡qKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wel‡q eo `j (AvIqvgx jxM 30
I weGbwc) †h me e³e¨ wb‡q nvwRi n‡eb Ges Zv Ò†`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ìÓ (hv‡ì †fv‡U Rq-civRq wbwðZ n‡e) †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ
m¤¢ve¨ wK ai‡bi cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i
mviwY 4: 2024 wbe©vP‡b †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ †hme d¨v±i 42
cÖfve †dj‡e: d¨v±iwfwËK cÖfvegvÎv Ges cÖfv‡ei MwZgyL
mviwY 5: ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ (wfwË Avmbewnf‚©Z Avmb)-Gi `jwfwËK 50
m¤¢ve¨ P‚ovšÍ Avmb eÈb (†gvU 145wU Avmb)
mviwY 6: Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b `jwfwËK m¤¢ve¨ Avmb web¨vm 52
†fvUv‡ii gb I Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj / Aveyj eviKvZ l 5
†fvUv‡ii gb I Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm`

wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj
GLb †_‡K `yB gvm c‡i 12Zg RvZxq msm` wbe©vPb| Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b †Kvb
`‡ji Ae¯’v †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i, Zv RvZxq †KŠZ‚n‡ji welq| Avi m¤¢ve¨ hv
n‡Z cv‡i, Zv wK‡mi Ici wbf©i Ki‡Q―Gme Mfxi M‡elYvi welq|
wbe©vPb I †fvUwelqK AvšÍR©vwZK M‡elYvmvwnZ¨ AZ¨šÍ mg„×| G wb‡q
Z‡Ë¡i NvUwZ †bB| wKš‘ Gme ZË¡K_vi †ewki fvMB Avgv‡ì g‡Zv †`‡ki
Rb¨ ¯^í cÖ‡hvR¨| †hgb, GKRb †fvUvi Kxfv‡e-Kx †`‡L Zvi †fvU cÖ`vb
wm×všÍ P‚ovšÍ K‡ib―G wb‡q hZ ZË¡K_v Av‡Q, Zvi †ewki fvMB Avgv‡ì
†ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ nq bv| Avevi mswkøó ZË¡K_vi A‡bK¸‡jv GKÎ Ki‡j
cÖ‡qvRbxq wKQz K_v ejv m¤¢e n‡jI Zv w`‡q mswkøó wn‡mecËi ùvo Kiv‡bv
hvq bv| Gme mxgve×Zv †g‡b wb‡qB Avgiv GB M‡elYvc‡Î Avmbœ 2024
RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi djvdj m¤¢vebv Ges Zvi Kvh©KiY AbymÜv‡bi †Póv
K‡iwQ| mswkøó wewfbœ m¤¢vebv-wPÎ wewbg©v‡Y Avgiv wb‡g©vnfv‡e m‡e©v”P
gvÎvi eš‘wbôZv wbwðZ Kivi †Póv K‡iwQ| G Abykxj‡b Avgv‡ì cÖ_g
cÖavb Abywm×všÍ n‡jv―Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vPb n‡e Aeva, myôy,
wbi‡cÿ I AskMÖnYg~jK―†hLv‡b me `j, cÖv_©x I †fvUv‡ii Rb¨ wbe©vPbx
gvV n‡e mgvb mgZj| †h‡nZz G ai‡bi GKwU Av`k© Ae¯’v we‡ePbvq wb‡q
K_v, †m‡nZz Avgv‡ì fvebvq I wn‡mecË‡i wbe©vPbx KvimvwR, cÖnmb,
†RviRei`w¯Í, UvKvcqmvi †Ljv―Gm‡ei †Zgb †Kv‡bv ¯’vb †bB|
M‡elYv c×wZ cÖm‡½
ZË¡ wn‡m‡e †fv‡Ui cvwUMwYZ †ek †mvRvmvÞv, Z‡e A¼Uv †gjv‡bv KwVb|
†h‡Kv‡bv †`‡k RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj wb‡q hv-wKQz ejv
nq, Zv †ewki fvM †ÿ‡ÎB RvZxqwfwËK Rwic (national survey)-wbf©i|
Gme Rwic n‡Z cv‡i ïgvwi ev †mÝvm ai‡bi (†hLv‡b me Avmb Rwi‡ci
AšÍfz©³ Kiv nq) A_ev cÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj bgybv gvVRwic ai‡bi| K‡qKwU
¸iæZi mxgve×Zvi Kvi‡Y Avgiv †Kv‡bv bgybv Rwi‡ci AvkÖq wbBwb|
bgybv Rwic †_‡K †fvUv‡ii g‡bi Mfx‡ii welqvw` †evSv `ytmva¨ e¨vcvi; G
ai‡bi ¸YMZ wel‡qi cwigvYMZ iƒcvšÍi mnRmva¨ bq; bgybv Rwic †_‡K
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi wba©viY KivI mnRmva¨ bq; bgybv Rwic †_‡K `jxq
6 l †fvUv‡ii gb I Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj / Aveyj eviKvZ
AbyMZ †fvUvi wbiƒcY KivI AZ mnR bq; G ai‡bi RvZxq cÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj

bgybv Rwic LyeB e¨qeûj| Gme Kvi‡YB Avgiv hv K‡iwQ, Zv n‡jv—cy‡iv
wel‡qi Òhyw³wfwËK we‡kølYÓ (hv‡K e‡j inferential analysis)| G‡ÿ‡Î
mivmwi ïgvwi bv Kiv n‡jI weMZ K‡qKwU wbe©vP‡bi kZfvM Avm‡bi
mswkøó cÖ‡qvRbxq me ai‡bi Z_¨vw` e¨vL¨v-we‡kølY K‡i Avgiv Ggb wKQz
c¨vUvb© wbY©q Ki‡Z †P‡qwQ, hv Avmbœ wbe©vP‡bi Rb¨ h‡_ó gvÎvq cÖ‡hvR¨
n‡Z cv‡i e‡j Avgiv g‡b Kwi| Gi cvkvcvwk †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì gb
eyS‡Z Avgiv †`‡ki wewfbœ AÂ‡j gvby‡li mv‡_ `xN© †Lvjv‡gjv Avjvc-
Av‡jvPbv K‡iwQ| Avmbœ RvZxq msm` wbe©vPbmswkøó Abykxj‡b Avgiv
K‡qKwU PjK (Variable) Ges Zv‡ì mswkøó gvb-gvÎv-MwZgyL wbY©‡qi
†Póv K‡iwQ| Gme Pj‡Ki g‡a¨ ¸iæË¡c~Y© n‡jv ÒwfwË †fvUÓ, ÒwfwË AvmbÓ,
Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUÓ, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍi †cQ‡bi
d¨v±i-KvD›Uvi d¨v±i (GmeB c‡i e¨vL¨v-we‡kølY Kiv n‡q‡Q)| Avgiv
g‡b Kwi †h Òhyw³wfwËK we‡kølY c×wZÓ (inferential analysis method
Ges GKB mv‡_ Av‡ivn-Ae‡ivn c×wZ) Aej¤^‡b Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b `jwfwËK
m¤¢ve¨ djvdj m¤ú‡K© Avgiv †h wm×v‡šÍ DcbxZ n‡qwQ, Zvi mv‡_ wb‡g©vn-
e¯‘wbô RwicwfwËK djvd‡ji †Zgb †Kv‡bv cv_©K¨ _vKvi KviY †bB|
KviY, mvgvwRK weÁv‡b M‡elYvi c×wZMZ wfbœZv †gvUvgywU Awfbœ djvdj
w`‡Z cv‡i—hw` M‡elYv c×wZi AšÍwb©wnZ hyw³ wVKVvK _v‡K|
c×wZMZfv‡e Av‡iv GKUv welq LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©, Avi Zv n‡jv—Avgiv a‡i

wb‡qwQ †h, ÒAvmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vPb n‡e Aeva, myôz, wbi‡cÿ I
AskMÖnYg~jKÓ| Gi A_© n‡jv GB †h, Avmbœ wbe©vPb ÒAeva, myôz, wbi‡cÿ
I AskMÖnYg~jKÓ bv n‡j Avgv‡ì cÖ‡ÿwcZ `jwfwËK wbe©vPbx djvdj
cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡e bv| A_©vr Avmbœ RvZxq msm` wbe©vPb ÒAeva, myôz, wbi‡cÿ I
AskMÖnYg~jKÓ nevi m¤¢vebv welqK cÖkœvw` Avgv‡ì DÌvwcZ M‡elYvc‡Îi
Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq weavq Avgv‡ì c‡ÿ G cÖ‡kœi DËi †Ìqvi cÖkœ I‡V bv|
†ewk †fvU bv-wK †ewk Avmb?
Av`k© Ae¯’vq †fvU gv‡bB †fvUv‡ii m¤§wZ (consent)| G m¤§wZ

MYZ‡š¿i jÿY| Avi MYZš¿ cÖ‡qvRb G Rb¨B †h Zvi Av‡Q wKQz mnRvZ
g~j¨ (intrinsic value)| wbe©vPbx MYZ‡š¿ m¤¢ve¨ m‡e©v”PmsL¨K †fvUv‡ii
IqvwKenvwj-m¤§wZ (informed consent) ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq|
RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b GKRb cÖv_©x KZ †fvU cvb Zv ¸iæZ¡nxb bq, Z‡e
†kl wePv‡i me‡P ¸iæZ¡c~Y© n‡jv―wZwb wRZ‡Qb wK-bv? †`‡ki 300
Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 151 Avm‡b Rqx n‡j GKwU `j GKKfv‡e miKvi MV‡b
†hvM¨ e‡j we‡ewPZ nq| Avi cÖvß AvmbmsL¨v Zvi Kg n‡j 151 Avmb
c~iYmv‡c‡ÿ IB `j †RvUe×fv‡e miKvi MVb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
cÖwZØ›Øx eo `j¸‡jv †fvU K‡i miKvi MV‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨| wKš‘ mevi †P‡q
†ewk †fvU †c‡jB †h miKvi MVb wbwðZ―G K_v wVK bvI n‡Z cv‡i|
Avevi Zzjbvg~jK GK`g cÖvwšÍK ev ¯^í †fv‡Ui eëav‡bI †h miKvi MVb
wbwðZ―G K_vI wVK n‡Z cv‡i| A_©vr †fv‡Ui cvwUMwYZ †mvRvmvÞv
mij‰iwLK †Kv‡bv e¨vcvi bq|
1991 mv‡ji RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b evsjv‡`k AvIqvgx jxM (GLb †_‡K
AvIqvgx jxM) mevi †P‡q †ewk †fvU (32 kZvsk ) †c‡qwQj; wKš‘ miKvi
MVb Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| IB wbe©vP‡b evsjv‡`k RvZxqZvev`x `j-Gi (GLb
†_‡K weGbwc) Zzjbvq AvIqvgx jxM 1 kZvsk †ewk †fvU †c‡qwQj| Avi
weGbwc 1 kZvsk Kg †fvU (31 kZvsk) †c‡qI miKvi MVb K‡iwQj| IB
wbe©vP‡b weGbwc 31 kZvsk †fvU wb‡q Avmb †c‡qwQj 140wU (†gvU Avm‡bi
47 kZvsk), Avi AvIqvgx jxM 32 kZvsk †fvU wb‡q Avmb †c‡qwQj 93wU
(†gvU Avm‡bi 31 kZvsk)| 1991-Gi wbe©vP‡b weGbwci Zzjbvq AvIqvgx
jxM †fvU †cj 1 kZvsk †ewk, Avi Avmb †cj cÖvq 34 kZvsk Kg—G
cvwUMwYZ †gjv‡bv mnRmva¨ bq|
2001-Gi wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Zzjbvq weGbwc GKUz †ewk ev cÖvwšÍKfv‡e

GKUz †ewk (40.86 kZvsk) †fvU †c‡qwQj| GB †fvU wQj AvIqvgx jx‡Mi
(40.21 kZvsk) Zzjbvq gvÎ 0.7 kZvsk †ewk| miKvi MVb Kij weGbwc|
KviY, weGbwc gvÎ 0.7 kZvsk †ewk †fvU †c‡q Zzjbvg~jK A‡bK †ewk
Avm‡b Rqx n‡qwQj―weGbwci Avmb 193 (†gvU Avm‡bi 64 kZvsk),
Avi AvIqvgx jx‡Mi 62 (†gvU Avm‡bi 21 kZvsk)| 2001-Gi wbe©vP‡b
weGbwc 40.86 kZvsk †fvU †c‡q Avmb †cj 64 kZvsk, Avi AvIqvgx
jxM 40.21 kZvsk †fvU †c‡q Avmb †cj 21 kZvsk―GLv‡bI †fvUcÖvwßi
nvi-Gi mv‡_ Avmb †RZvi nvi-Gi †Zgb m¤úK© †bB|
Avevi †Kv‡bv `j hw` Zzjbvg~jK A‡bK †ewk †fvU cvq, Zvn‡j †h A‡bK
†ewk AvmbI cv‡e Ges mn‡R miKvi MVb Ki‡Z cv‡i―G K_vI †ek
mywbwðZ| GgbUvB N‡UwQj 2008 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b| IB wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx

jxM 48 kZvsk †fvU †c‡q †gvU 77 kZvsk Avm‡b wR‡ZwQj (300 Avm‡bi
g‡a¨ 230 Avm‡b), Avi weGbwc 31.44 kZvsk †fvU †c‡q 10 kZvsk
Avm‡b wR‡ZwQj (300 Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 30 Avm‡b)|
2008-Gi wbe©vPb wQj AvIqvgx jxM-cÿxq †Rvqv‡ii wbe©vPb| 2008-

Gi wbe©vPb Ò†fvUv‡ii gbÓ-Gi we‡kl w`K eyS‡Z LyeB Zvrch©c~Y© n‡Z
cv‡i| G wbe©vPb wb‡`©k K‡i AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Rb¨ †Rvqvi Avi weGbwci
Rb¨ fvUv| G wbe©vP‡b cÖwZ wZbRb †fvUv‡ii GKRb †Rvqv‡i Mv fvmvbwb,
Zviv †Rvqv‡ii wec‡ÿ fvUvi c‡ÿ †fvU w`‡q‡Qb| Avevi G Ae¯’v AZx‡Z
eû wbe©vP‡bI †`Lv †M‡Q―KLbI weGbwci †ÿ‡Î; Avevi KLbI AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi †ÿ‡Î| A_©vr ch©‡eÿY e‡j †h, Avgv‡ì †`‡ki RvZxq wbe©vP‡b
ÒGK-Z…Zxqvsk †fvU m~ÎÓ e‡j GKUv wKQz KvR K‡i| GUv Avgv‡ì †`‡ki
†ÿ‡Î GKUv Òmve©Rbxb †fvU m~ÎÓ ejv P‡j|
MÖnY‡hvM¨Zvi wbwi‡L ÒA‡cÿvK…Z fv‡jvÓ wbe©vPb wn‡m‡e wbKU AZx‡Zi

PviwU RvZxq msm` wbe©vPb‡K we‡ePbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| GB PviwU wbe©vPb
n‡jv 1991, 1996 Ryb, 2001 I 2008| Gme wbe©vP‡b GLbKvi eo `yB
`j AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwc Df‡qB ¯^Ztù‚Z©-mwµq AskMÖnY K‡iwQj Ges
cÖwZwU wbe©vP‡b Df‡qB Kgc‡ÿ 30 kZvsk †fvU †c‡qwQj| GB PviwU
wbe©vP‡bi c‡i AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwc Df‡qB `yevi K‡i miKvi MVb
K‡iwQj| wbKU AZx‡Zi GB PviwU Zzjbvg~jK fv‡jv I cÖwZ‡hvwMZvc~Y©
wbe©vP‡bi AwfÁZv †_‡K cÖv_wgKfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© `y‡Uv Dcmsnv‡i Avmv
†h‡Z cv‡i, hv AvMvgx wbe©vPb fvebvq Kvh©Ki Dcv`vb n‡Z cv‡i| cÖ_gZ,
miKvi MVb hw` D‡Ïk¨ nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î †`‡ki †gvU KZ kZvsk †fvUv‡ii
†fvU Avcwb cv‡”Qb―Zv GKB mv‡_ ¸iZ¡c~Y© I ¸iæZ¡nxb n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e
†kl wePv‡i ¸iæZ¡c~Y© n‡jv 300 Avm‡bi KZwU‡Z Avcwb Rqx n‡q‡Qb|
wØZxqZ, cÖwZØ›Øx eo `‡ji cÖv_©x wn‡m‡e―†Rvqvi †nvK Avi fvUv †nvK―
Avcwb †gvU †fv‡Ui (AvbygvwbK) Kgc‡ÿ 30 kZvsk †fvU cv‡eb| Z‡e
30 kZvsk †fvU w`‡q †gvU KZ Avmb cv‡eb Zv ejv m¤¢e bq| GB 30
kZvsk †fvUv‡ii `jxq AvbyMZ¨ cÖkœvZxZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| Ò†fvUv‡ii gbÓ
wbiƒc‡Y G‡ì Ògbw¯’i †fvUviÓ (fixed mind voter) ejv hvq| Gme
†fvUv‡ii †fvU Qvov †hgb GKwU Avm‡b †RZv m¤¢e bq, Avevi ïay Gme
†fvUv‡ii †fvU w`‡qI Avmb †RZv m¤¢e bq|
wRZ‡Z KZ †fvU ìKvi?

†`‡k †gvU †fvUv‡ii msL¨v GLb cÖvq 12 †KvwU (wbe©vPb Kwgkb m~Îg‡Z 11
†KvwU 90 jÿ)| †gvU msm`xq Avmb msL¨v 300| G wn‡m‡e AvmbcÖwZ Mo
†fvUvimsL¨v 4 j¶ (Z‡e Avmb‡f‡` Kg-†ewk n‡e)| GKwU Avm‡b wRZ‡Z
n‡j KZ †fvU †c‡Z n‡e, G wnmve Zzjbvg~jK †mvRv n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e †fvU
hviv †`‡eb, Zviv Kx †`‡L †fvU †`‡eb (A_©vr m¤§wZ cÖ`vb Ki‡eb)―G
cÖ‡kœi DËi Av‡`Š †mvRvmvÞv bq| G DË‡ii Ici wfwË K‡iB ejv m¤¢e―
wbe©vP‡b m¤¢ve¨ P‚ovšÍ djvdj †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e wbZvšÍ Abygvb A_ev
fv‡jv jvMv bv-jvMvi wfwË‡Z Gme wn‡mecËi weÁvbm¤§Z bq| G †¶‡Î
†fvU M‡el‡Kiv cÖ‡qvRbxq †h KvRwU K‡i _v‡Kb, Zv n‡jv mswkøó wel‡qi
GK ev GKvwaK hyw³wm× c¨vUvb© ev auvP wbiƒcY K‡i G‡Mv‡bv| Avgiv †mUvB
K‡iwQ|
Ò†fvUv‡ii gbÓ I mswkøó welqvwì c¨vUvb© ev auvP †evSvi †¶‡Î (cÖvi¤¢ we›`y
wn‡m‡e) wbKU AZx‡Zi DwjøwLZ PviwU wbe©vPb‡K (1991, 1996 Ryb,
2001, 2008) ÒA‡cÿvK…Z fv‡jvÓ cwigvcK wn‡m‡e †`Lv †h‡Z cv‡i|
Gme wbe©vP‡b GLbKvi `yB eo `j―AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwc Df‡qB
AskMÖnY K‡iwQj Ges cÖwZwU wbe©vP‡b Df‡qB Kgc‡ÿ 30 kZvsk †fvU
†c‡qwQj| GB PviwU wbe©vP‡bi mvwe©K I AvmbwfwËK djvdj e¨vL¨v-
we‡kølY K‡i Avgiv Ggb GKwU mvaviY c¨vUvb© wbiƒcY K‡iwQ, hv AvMvgx
wbe©vP‡bi wn‡mecË‡i wKQzUv cÖ‡qvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Gme wn‡me h‡_ó
e¯‘wbô I MwZgq| mvaviY c¨vUvb©wU G iKg: (1) (wbe©vP‡b) cÖwZØw›ØZv nq
memgq eo `‡ji cÖv_©xi g‡a¨ (Gi A_© AvMvgx wbe©vP‡b GUv n‡e AvIqvgx
jxM ebvg weGbwc); (2) kZKiv 95 fvM Avm‡b (300 Avm‡bi g‡a¨
285 Avm‡b) Pig cÖwZØw›ØZv nq `yRb cÖv_©xi g‡a¨―hLb 46 kZvsk
†fvU †c‡j Rq wbwðZ nq; Gme Avm‡b 10 kZvsk †fvU cvb Z…Zxq ¯’vb
†_‡K me©wb¤œ Ae¯’v‡bi cÖv_©xiv; (3) kZKiv 5 fvM Avm‡b (300 Avm‡bi
g‡a¨ 15 Avm‡b) cÖwZØw›ØZv `yR‡bi g‡a¨ n‡jI Z…Zxq ¯’vb †_‡K me©wb¤œ
Ae¯’v‡bi cÖv_©xiv 15 kZvsk †fvU cvb, G‡¶‡Î Gme Avm‡b 43 kZvsk
†fvU †c‡j Rq wbwðZ nq|
Dc‡ivwjøwLZ PviwU wbe©vP‡bi djvdj we‡køl‡Y Av‡iv †hme mvaviY c¨vUvb©

(ev auvP) cvIqv hvq, Zvi wfwË‡Z AvMvgx wbe©vP‡bi Rb¨ †ek wbwðZfv‡eB
Av‡iv K‡qKwU welq ejv m¤¢e: (1) GKwU Avm‡b †RZv/Rq wbwðZ Ki‡Z
n‡j IB Avm‡b weRqx cÖv_©x‡K †gvU †fvUv‡ii (A_ev GKB K_v cÖ‡`q
†fv‡Ui A_ev êa †fv‡Ui) 46 kZvsk †fvU †c‡Z n‡e; (2) GKwU `j
hZ Avm‡b 46 kZvsk ev Zvi †ewk †fvU cv‡e, IB `‡ji †gvU weRqx
AvmbmsL¨vI wVK ZZwUB n‡e (Gi Kg bq); (3) GKwU `j hw` A‡bK
eo Avm‡b (†hLv‡b †fvUvi msL¨v 6-7 j¶) A‡bK †fvU cvq, A_©vr 60-
65 kZvsk †fvU cvq Avi A‡c¶vK…Z †QvU Avm‡b (†hLv‡b †fvUvi msL¨v
2-2.5 jÿ) Kg †fvU cvq, A_©vr 33-35 kZvsk †fvU cvq―†m‡¶‡Î
†gvU †fv‡Ui A‡c¶vK…Z †ewk †fvU †c‡qI †m A‡c¶vK…Z Kg Avm‡b weRqx
n‡Z cv‡i| GKBfv‡e D‡ëvUvI n‡Z cv‡i―hw` †Kv‡bv `j me eo Avm‡b
nv‡i GgbwK 33 kZvsk †fvU †c‡q (†hLv‡b AvmbcÖwZ 6-7 j¶ †fvU),
Avi †ewki fvM †QvU Avm‡b Lye Kg eëav‡bI †R‡Z (†hLv‡b AvmbcÖwZ
2-2.5 j¶ †fvU); †m‡¶‡Î IB `j Zyjbvg~jK Kg †fvU †c‡qI Zzjbvg~jK
A‡bK †ewk Avm‡b Rqx n‡Z cv‡i| AZx‡Z Gme A‡bK N‡U‡Q| Avi
†ewki fvM †¶‡ÎB (AšÍZ 1991, 1996-Ryb, 2001, 2008 wbe©vPb) Zv
we‡kl c~e©cwiKwíZ wQj bv e‡jB g‡b nq (A_©vr Gme m‡PZb wbe©vPb
cwiKíbvi Ask bvI n‡Z cv‡i)|
Zvn‡j cÖviw¤¢K wn‡mecËi hv ùvov‡”Q, Zv n‡jv G iKg: Av`k© Ae¯’vq

GKwU Avm‡b (M‡o) †fvUvimsL¨v 4 jÿ, wRZ‡Z jvM‡e 46 kZvsk †fvU
A_©vr 4 jÿ †fvUv‡ii g‡a¨ 1 jÿ 84 nvRvi †fvU| A_©vr †fvUvimsL¨v
Kg‡ewk †hUvB †nvK bv †Kb―wRZ‡Z n‡j 46 kZvsk †fvU`vZvi m¤§wZ
†c‡Z n‡e (QK-1|
QK-1: Mo Avmb cÖwZ †fvUvi I †RZvi †fvU (cÖviw¤¢K wn‡me)

1 2 3 4 jÿ
AvmbcÖwZ †fvUv‡ii msL¨v
100%
wRZ‡Z †h †fvU cÖ‡qvRb 1 jÿ 84 nvRvi

46%
GLb cÖkœ—†K ev †Kvb cÖv_©x Ôcv‡e A_ev †c‡Z cv‡iÕ cÖwZ Avm‡b 46
kZvsk †fvU? G cÖ‡kœi mnR †Kv‡bv DËi †bB| Gme wb‡q Avgiv hv cvwi
Zv n‡jv, Av‡iv e¨vL¨v-we‡kølY K‡i cÖ‡qvRbxq †Kv‡bv wb‡`©kbv †c‡Z|
GLv‡bB Av‡m †fvUv‡ii aib †kÖwYwefvRb Ges aib Abyhvqx †fvUv‡ii †fvU
cÖ`vb wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y AvPiYMZ welqvw`|
†fvUv‡ii aib †kÖwYwefvRb, wfwË †fvU, wfwË Avmb (m¤¢ve¨

weRq-wbwðZ Avmb), weRq-AwbwðZ Avmb
Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b †fvU cÖ`vb ÿgZvi AwaKvix cÖvq 12
†KvwU gvbyl (†fvUvi)| wbw`©ó †fvUvi †Kvb `‡ji cÖv_©x‡K †fvU †`‡eb
Zv ARvbv| Avm‡j Zv †fv‡Ui c‡iI Rvbv m¤¢e bq, KviY †fvU †Mvcb
e¨vj‡Ui welq| Avi GUv hw` ARvbvB †_‡K hvq, Zvn‡j wbe©vP‡bi djvdj
wb‡q G gyn~‡Z© †fv‡Ui Av‡M †Kv‡bv Dcmsnv‡i Avmv m¤¢e bq| wKš‘ Avgiv
my¯úófv‡eB Rvwb †h cÖ‡Z¨K †fvUvi gvÎ GKwU K‡i †fvU †`‡eb Ges
†mUv †`‡eb mywbw`©ó †Kv‡bv `‡ji cÖv_©x‡K (ÔbvÕ †fvU Ges ÔevwZjÕ †fvU-
Gi cÖm½ ev` w`w”Q)| GLv‡b †hŠw³K cÖkœ n‡jv―GKRb †fvUvi †Kvb
`‡ji cÖv_©x‡K †fvU †`‡eb Zv-wK †fv‡Ui A‡bK Av‡MB wVK K‡i †d‡jb
(ev gbw¯’i K‡i †d‡jb) bv-wK Zv wb‡q †fvU‡K‡›`ª cÖ‡ek Kivi mgq ch©šÍ
fv‡eb? Gme ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖ‡kœi m¤¢ve¨ mnR DËi †c‡Z n‡j aib Abyhvqx
†fvUv‡ii †kÖwYwefvRb KivUvB hyw³hy³| Avgv‡ì g‡Z, †fvUvi n‡Z cv‡i
`yB ai‡bi| cÖ_g ai‡bi †fvUvi (aib-1 †fvUvi) n‡jb Zviv, hviv †Kvb
`‡ji cÖv_©x‡K †fvU †`‡eb―Zv BwZg‡a¨ wVK K‡i †d‡j‡Qb―Giv n‡jb
Ògbw¯’i †fvUviÓ| Gme †fvUvi n‡jb `jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi―`jxq m`m¨
†_‡K ïiæ K‡i `‡ji cÖwZ mnvbyf‚wZkxj-mngg©x †fvUvi| Gme †fvU n‡jv
ÒAcwieZ©bxq †fvUÓ, hv †h‡Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB GK`j †_‡K Ab¨`‡j ÔmyBPÕ
ev ¯’vbvšÍwiZ n‡e bv| wbw`©ó `‡ji c‡ÿ Gme †fvU n‡jv IB `‡ji Rb¨
ÒwfwË †fvUÓ ev Ò†eBR †fvUÕ ev Ò†d¬vi †fvUÓ| GKwU `‡ji ÒwfwË †fvUÓ
n‡jv IB `‡ji Òme©wb¤œ †fvUÓ| mywbw`©ó `jwfwËK Gme †fvU m¤ú‡K© Avgiv
†ekwKQz ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq D`&&NvUb K‡iwQ (G wel‡q GKUz c‡i AvmwQ)|
wØZxq ai‡bi †fvUvi (aib-2 †fvUvi) n‡jb †mBme †fvUvi, hviv †Kv‡bv
A‡_©B `jxq AbyMZ bb, hviv †Kvb `‡ji cÖv_©x‡K †fvU †`‡eb―†m m¤ú‡K©
GLbI ch©šÍ mywbwðZ †Kv‡bv wm×všÍ †bbwb ev G wel‡q GLbI gbw¯’i
K‡ibwb| Gme †fvUvi †fvU cÖ`v‡bi wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y †fvU‡K‡›`ª †cuŠQv‡bv ch©šÍ
mgq wb‡Z cv‡ib| cÖ_g ai‡bi †fvUvi‡ì †fvU AcwieZ©bxq n‡j wØZxq
ai‡bi †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cwieZ©bxq (A_©vr ÿ‡Y ÿ‡Y myBP n‡Z cv‡i)|
Gme †fvUvi‡K Avgiv Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ e‡j AvL¨vwqZ KiwQ| Gme
†fvUvi †Kvb `‡ji cÖv_©x‡K †fvU †`‡eb, Zv mivmwi Rvbv †bB| Z‡e Zv
Rvb‡Z Avgiv hv Ki‡Z cvwi, Zv n‡jv―Gme †fvUv‡ii †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ
†Kvb †Kvb d¨v±i (welqvw`) Avm‡jB KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i A_ev cÖfve †dj‡Z
cv‡i, Zv e¨vL¨v-we‡kølY Kiv Ges Zv †_‡K Gme †fvUv‡ii `jMZ †fvU
cÖ`v‡bi m¤¢vebv c¨vUvb© ev wPÎ wewbg©vY Kiv| GUvB Avgiv †Póv KiwQ|
AZx‡Z †hme wbe©vPb ÒA‡cÿvK…Z fv‡jvÓ n‡qwQj, †Zgb cÖkœ I‡Vwb Ges
†hme wbe©vP‡b me eo `j ¯^Ztù‚Z©fv‡e mwµq AskMÖnY K‡iwQj ZviB
wfwË‡Z Ò†fv‡Ui Av‡M †fvUv‡ii gbÓ (A_ev †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ A_ev
m¤§wZ) m¤ú‡K© Z_¨wfwËK wKQz mvaviY c¨vUv‡b©i K_v ejv hvq, hv h‡_ó
w`Kwb‡`©kg~jK| w`Kwb‡`©kbvg~jK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© c¨vUvb©wU G iKg: 10 kZvsk
†fvUvi `jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi (aib-1 †fvUvi) wn‡m‡e †fvU †`b `yB g~j
cÖwZØ›Øxi (AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwc) evB‡i Ab¨vb¨ `‡j (Gme †fvUvi
n‡jb Z…Zxq †_‡K †kl ¯’vb AwaKvix cÖv_©x‡ì `jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi), Avi
evèvwK 90 kZvsk †fvUvi mgvb wZb fv‡M wef³―30 kZvsk †fvUvi
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi `jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi (aib-1 †fvUvi), 30 kZvsk †fvUvi
weGbwci `jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi (aib-1 †fvUvi), Avi evwK 30 kZvsk
†fvUvi Ògbw¯’i bv Kiv †fvUviÓ ev Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ (aib-2 †fvUvi)|
A_©vr 70 kZvsk †fvUvi n‡jb Ògbw¯’i †fvUviÓ (aib-1 †fvUvi) Avi 30
kZvsk †fvUvi Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ (aib-2 †fvUvi)| †fvUMwYZ e‡j †h
†k‡li GB 30 kZvsk †fvU―Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ-Gi †fvU w`‡qB †Kv‡bv
Avm‡b P‚ovšÍ weRq wba©vwiZ nq| †fvUMwY‡Zi GB mgxKiY h‡_ó hyw³hy³
G Rb¨ †h mswkøó mgxKi‡Y Ab¨vb¨ Ae¯’v AcwieZ©bxq Ges AcwieZ©bxq
m~P‡Ki gvb `yB g~j cÖwZØ›Øx `‡ji (AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwc) Rb¨ mgvb,
GKgvÎ cwieZ©bxq m~PK n‡jv Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvU|Ó
Ò†fv‡Ui Av‡M †fvUv‡ii †fvU cÖ`vb-wm×všÍ c¨vUvb©Ó―G wel‡q Ò`jxq

AbyMZ †fvUviÓ‡ì (aib-1 †fvUvi) Rb¨ msL¨vZvwË¡K hv-wKQz D‡jøL
Kijvg (mviwY 1) Zvi †cQ‡bi hyw³Uv ¯úó Kiv ìKvi| hyw³Uv RwUj
bq| Avi Zv n‡jv, Av‡MB e‡jwQ †h A‡bK †fvUvi Av‡Qb hv‡ì `jMZ
AvbyMZ¨ cÖkœvZxZ―mewKQz D‡ë †M‡jI Zviv Zv‡ì AbyMZ `‡jB †fvU

†`‡eb (GgbwK A‡bK †ÿ‡Î cÖv_©x AcQ›` n‡jI)| cÖkœ n‡Z cv‡i AvIqvgx
jxM I weGbwc Df‡qi c‡ÿ `jxq AbyMZ †fvU A_ev ÒwfwË †fvUÓ (aib-
1 †fvUv‡ii †fvU) 30 kZvsk †fvU †Kb? †Kb Zv 25 kZvsk ev 35
kZvsk bv| G cÖ‡kœ Avgv‡ì hyw³ n‡jv G iKg: eo `yB `j―AvIqvgx
jxM I weGbwc―wbKU AZx‡Zi PviwU ÒA‡cÿvK…Z fv‡jvÓ wbe©vP‡bi
†h‡Kv‡bvwU‡Z hLbB civwRZ n‡q‡Q (A_©vr miKvi MV‡b mÿg nqwb)
ZLbI Zviv (A_©vr civwRZ `j) †gvUvgywU 30 kZvsk †fvU †c‡q‡Q
A_©vr 30 kZvsk AbycvZUv Zv‡ì Rb¨ †gvUvgywU w¯’i| Giv n‡jb `y`‡ji
cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki ÒnvW©‡Kvi †fvUviÓ ev ÒBwZg‡a¨ gbw¯’i †fvUviÓ—Gme †fvUv‡ii
†fvU (30 kZvsk †fvU) n‡jv cÖ‡Z¨K `‡ji Rb¨ ÒwfwË †fvUÓ ev Ò†eBR
†fvUÓ ev Ò†d¬vi †fvUÓ―†h‡Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB Zviv G †fvU cv‡eb (Gi Kg
cv‡eb bv)| A_©vr 30 kZvsk †fvU n‡jv †h‡Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB civwRZ eo
`‡ji me©wb¤œ wfwË kw³|
AvIqvgx jxM A_ev weGbwc―†Kv‡bv `‡ji cÖv_©xB ïay wfwË †fvU (A_ev
†eBR †fvU) w`‡q †Kv‡bv Avm‡bB wRZ‡Z cvi‡eb bv| KviY, †h‡Kv‡bv
Avm‡b wRZ‡Z n‡j cÖv_©x‡K †c‡Z n‡e 46 kZvsk †fvU| Gi A_© n‡jv,
wRZ‡Z n‡j wfwË †fv‡Ui (30 kZvsk) mv‡_ Av‡iv 16 kZvsk †fvU †hvM
Ki‡Z n‡e, hv Avm‡e †`v`yj¨gvb 30 kZvsk †fvU †_‡K (wRZ‡Z n‡j hvi
56 kZvsk †c‡Z n‡e)|
GZÿY hv ejjvg Zv n‡jv cÖavbZ ÒwfwË †fvU Ó(aib-1 †fvU) I

Ò†`v`yj¨gvbÓ †fvU (aib-2 †fvU) †Kw›`ªK| cÖkœ n‡jv ÒwfwË †fvUÓ (hv
†h‡Kv‡bv `‡ji Rb¨ ÒwbwðZ †fvUÓ ev wbwðZ me©wb¤œ †fvU) e‡j wKQz
_vK‡j ÒwfwË AvmbÓ (ev †eBR Avmb) A_ev GKB K_v Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-
mywbwðZ AvmbÓ e‡j wKQz Av‡Q wK? Avgv‡ì DËi n‡jv ÒwfwË AvmbÓ ev
Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-mywbwðZ AvmbÓ e‡j Aek¨B wKQz Avmb Av‡Q―hv AvIqvgx
jxM I weGbwc―Df‡qiB Av‡Q (Avi 15wU Avm‡bi K‡qKwU‡Z Zv RvZxq
cvwU©, Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxmn Av‡iv `y-GKwU `‡ji †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ (mviwY-1)|
ÒwfwË AvmbÓ ev Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ welqwU G iKg : AvIqvgx

jxM I weGbwci Rb¨ ÒwfwË †fvUÓ wn‡m‡e †h 30 kZvsk †fv‡Ui K_v ejv
n‡jv, Zv GKvšÍB Mo †fvU| Zv mviv †`‡ki 300 Avm‡b Zv‡ì cÖv_©x‡ì
Mo-wfwË †fvU, hv ev¯Í‡e wewfbœ Avm‡b 25 kZvsk †_‡K 40 kZvsk ch©šÍ

n‡Z cv‡i| cÖkœ n‡jv, AvIqvgx jxM A_ev weGbwc―†h‡Kv‡bv `‡ji cÖv_©x
hw` †Kv‡bv Avm‡b ÒwfwË †fvUÓ wn‡m‡e 30 kZvsk bq 40 kZvsk †fvU
cvb, Zvn‡j Kx n‡e? Zvn‡j 40 kZvsk ÒwfwË †fvUÓ w`‡qB IB Avmb
weRq wbwðZ n‡Z cv‡i―GUvB n‡jv †mB Ae¯’v, †h Ae¯’vq 40 kZvsk
wfwË †fvUB n‡e ÒwfwË AvmbÓ A_ev Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-mywbwðZ AvmbÓ| GUv
n‡e G Rb¨B †h, †h cÖv_©x 40 kZvsk wfwË †fvU wbwðZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib, wZwb
†`v`yj¨gvb 30 kZvsk †fvU †_‡K 6 kZvsk †fvU (A_ev GKB K_v 30
kZvsk †`v`yj¨gvb †fv‡Ui g‡a¨ 20 kZvsk †fvU) mn‡RB cv‡eb (wRZ‡Z
ìKvi 46 kZvsk †fvU)| A_©vr G‡ÿ‡Î 30 kZvsk †`v`yj¨gvb †fvU
welqwU kZfvM Avm‡bi †ÿ‡Î Lye GKUv Kvh©Ki _v‡K bv| GKBfv‡e hw`
†Kv‡bv Avm‡b †Kv‡bv cÖv_©xi 46 kZvsk †fvUB wfwË †fvU nq †m‡ÿ‡Î ÔwfwË
†fvUÕ Avi ÔwfwË AvmbÕ cy‡ivcywi mgv_©K―†hLv‡b †`v`yj¨gvb †fvU (aib-
2 †fvUvi)-Gi †Kv‡bv Kvh©KvwiZv _v‡K bv (†MvcvjMÄ, †dbx, †bvqvLvjx,
iscy‡i G ai‡bi Avmb Av‡Q)|
†`‡ki 300wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ AvIqvgx jxM, weGbwc I Ab¨vb¨ `‡ji Ggb
AvmbmsL¨v KZwU―†hLv‡b Zv‡ì wfwË †fvU (†eBR †fvU) 40 kZvsk
ev Zvi †ewk? Gme AvmbB n‡jv Df‡qi Rb¨ ÒwfwË AvmbÓ A_ev Òm¤¢ve¨
weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ| Avgv‡ì msÁv Abyhvqx, †`‡ki 300wU msm`xq
Avm‡bi g‡a¨ †hme Avm‡b AvIqvgx jxM, weGbwc I Ab¨vb¨ `‡ji †h‡Kv‡bv
cÖv_©x wfwË †fvU wn‡m‡e 40 kZvsk ev Zvi †ewk †fvU cv‡eb―†mme Avm‡b
mswkøó `‡ji cÖv_©xi weRq †gvUvgywU mywbwðZ (Gme ejv P‡j ÒAcwieZ©bxq
AvmbÓ)| Gme Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-mywbwðZÓ Avm‡bi msÁvmn we¯ÍvwiZ e¨vL¨v
e·-1G ejv n‡q‡Q|
e· 1: †fv‡Ui wn‡mecË‡ii K‡qKwU aviYv (Kb‡mÞ) Ges mswkøó †hŠw³K gvb

1| †gvU †fvU (†fvUvi) = 100 kZvsk (2024 wbe©vP‡b cÖvq 12 †KvwU †fvUvi);
2| ÒwfwË †fvUÓ (`jxq AbyMZ/gbw¯’i †fvU/†h‡Kv‡bv `‡ji me©wb¤œ
†fvU/†eBR †fvU/aib-1 †fvU) = AvIqvgx jxM 30 kZvsk, weGbwc 30
kZvsk, Ab¨vb¨ `j 10 kZvsk;
3| Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUÓ (`jxq AbyMZ bq/gbw¯’i †fvU bq/GLbI †fvU cÖ`vb
wm×všÍ †bbwb/aib-2 †fvU) = 30 kZvsk †fvU;
4| ÒwfwË AvmbÓ (Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ): †hme Avm‡b cÖv_©xi wfwË
†fvU 40 kZvsk ev Zvi †ewk| †`‡ki 300wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ †h‡Kv‡bv
Avmb‡K †Kv‡bv `‡ji ÒwfwË AvmbÓ (†hLv‡b ÒwfwË †fvUÓ 40 kZvsk
ev Zvi †ewk) wn‡m‡e †hvM¨ n‡Z n‡j wb‡Pi †h‡Kv‡bv GK ev GKvwaK
kZ© c~iY Ki‡Z n‡e (G †ÿ‡Î we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q wbKU AZx‡Zi PviwU
ÒA‡cÿvK…Z MÖnY‡hvM¨Ó wbe©vP‡bi djvdj―1991, 1996 Ryb, 2001,
2008): (1) cÖv_©xi `j PviwU wbe©vP‡bi meKwU‡Z IB Avm‡b Rqx n‡q‡Q,
(2) cÖv_©xi `j IB Avm‡b wZbwU wbe©vP‡b wR‡Z‡Q Ges M‡o 42 kZvsk
†fvU †c‡q‡Q, (3) cÖv_©xi `j IB Avm‡b `ywU wbe©vP‡b wR‡Z‡Q Ges M‡o
44 kZvsk †fvU †c‡q‡Q (`ywU `‡ji Ae¯’v GKB iKg n‡j AvmbwU ÒwfwË
AvmbÓ n‡e bv), (4) cÖv_©xi `j miKvi MVb Ki‡Z cv‡iwb wKš‘ cÖv_©x
IB Avm‡b Kgc‡ÿ 42 kZvsk †fvU †c‡q wR‡Z‡Qb, (5) cÖv_©xi `j
miKvi MVb Ki‡Z cv‡iwb wKš‘ cÖv_©x IB Avm‡b nvi‡jI 40 kZvsk †fvU
†c‡q‡Qb| ÒwfwË AvmbÓ wnmv‡ei †ÿ‡Î Av‡iv GKwU welq we‡ePbvq ivLv
n‡q‡Q―wbe©vPbx HK¨ Kiv nq (ivR‰bwZK we‡ePbvi evB‡i) †ewk †fvU
cvevi Rb¨, †m‡ÿ‡Î 2 kZvsk †_‡K 4 kZvsk AwZwi³ †fvU n‡Z cv‡i
Òwbe©vPbx H‡Kï Kvi‡Y †fvUÓ;
5| ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ : †hme Avm‡b †Kv‡bv `‡ji wfwË †fvU 40
kZvsk-Gi Kg (eo `yB `‡ji †ÿ‡Î Mo 30 kZvsk)| weRq-AwbwðZ
Avmb = †`‡ki me Avmb we‡qvM Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ;
6| †RZvi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq †fvU = 46 kZvsk; wfwË †fvU 30 kZvsk n‡j
†`v`yj¨gvb 30 kZvsk †_‡K AwZwi³ 16 kZvsk msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e;
wfwË Avm‡b A_v©r †hLv‡b 40 kZvsk ev Zvi †ewk wfwË †fvU, †mLv‡b
†`v`yj¨gvb 30 kZvsk †_‡K me©wb¤œ 6 kZvsk msMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avgv‡ì wnmv‡e †`‡k wfwË Avm‡bi AvbygvwbK msL¨v n‡e †gvU 155wU
(†`‡k †gvU Avm‡bi 51.7 kZvsk)| GB 155wU Ôm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÕ
A_ev ÒwfwË AvmbÓ-Gi eÈb n‡e G iKg: AvIqvgx jxM 70wU Avmb (†gvU
Avm‡bi 23 kZvsk), weGbwc 70wU Avmb (†gvU Avm‡bi 23 kZvsk), Avi
Ab¨vb¨ `j 15wU Avmb (†gvU Avm‡bi 5 kZvsk) (QK-2G wewfbœ `‡ji
AvmbwfwËK ÒwfwË AvmbÓ-Gi eÈb Ae¯’v †`Lv‡bv n‡jv)| Gme Avm‡b
Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUÓ ev ÒcwieZ©bxq †fvUÓ-Gi Lye GKUv f‚wgKv _vK‡e bv|
Z‡e Gi wecix‡Z Avgv‡ì wn‡mecËi ej‡Q †h 300wU Avm‡bi evèvwK
145wU Avm‡b (†gvU Avm‡bi 48.3 kZvsk) Rq-civRq wba©vi‡Y †`v`yj¨gvb
30 kZvsk †fv‡Ui f‚wgKv n‡e wbqvgK-wba©viK|
Avgiv †Kb ejwQ †h AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwc―cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki wfwË AvmbmsL¨v
70wU? Avgiv †h c×wZ †g‡b wn‡mecËi K‡iwQ Zv n‡jv GB `yB `‡ji
†h‡Kv‡bv GKwU `j hLb miKvi MVb Ki‡Z mÿg nqwb, ZLb IB `j †hme
Avm‡b wR‡ZwQj Ges Kgc‡ÿ 42 kZvsk †fvU †c‡qwQj Avi GKB mv‡_
†hme Avm‡b civwRZ n‡qwQj Ges Kgc‡ÿ 40 kZvsk †fvU †c‡qwQj GB
`yB ai‡bi Avm‡bi †hvMdjB n‡jv †mBme Avmb, hvi g‡a¨ Av‡Q IB `‡ji
†gvU ÔcÖv_wgKÕ wfwË Avmb| 1996 I 2008-Gi wbe©vP‡bi c‡i miKvi MVb
K‡iwQj AvIqvgx jxM, Avi 1991 I 2001-Gi wbe©vP‡bi c‡i miKvi MVb
K‡iwQj weGbwc| 1996 I 2008-Gi wbe©vP‡b civwRZ `j-weGbwci Mo
Ae¯’v wQj G iKg: 55wU Avm‡b Kgc‡ÿ 42 kZvsk †fvU †c‡q wR‡ZwQj,
Avi 47wU Avm‡b Kgc‡ÿ 40 kZvsk †fvU †c‡q †n‡iwQj―GB `y‡qi
†hvMdj 102wU Avmb| Avi 1991 I 2001-Gi wbe©vP‡b civwRZ `j
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Mo Ae¯’v wQj G iKg: 52wU Avm‡b Kgc‡ÿ 42 kZvsk
†fvU †c‡q wR‡ZwQj, Avi 50wU Avm‡b Kgc‡ÿ 40 kZvsk †fvU †c‡q
†n‡iwQj―G `y‡qi †hvMdjI 102wU Avmb| A_©vr KvKZvjxqfv‡e Df‡qiB
mgvb mgvb †gvU Mo ÔcÖv_wgKÕ wfwË AvmbmsL¨v 102wU| wKš‘ hLbB DwjøwLZ
`yB kZ© AbymiY K‡i Gme wn‡mecËi mywbw`©ó Avmb a‡i-a‡i †gjv‡bv nq
(A_©vr matching seats), ZLb msL¨vwU Df‡qi †ÿ‡ÎB `vuovq Kg‡ewk
70wU| myZivs Avmb a‡i-a‡i †gjv‡j †h `‡ji Rb¨ †hme Avmb DwjøwLZ
`yB kZ© c~iY K‡i IB Avmb¸‡jvB IB `‡ji mywbw`©ó ÒwfwË AvmbÓ (†hLv‡b
miKvi MVb Ki‡Z cviæK A_ev bv-cviæK―†h‡Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB cÖ‡hvR¨
`j IB Avm‡b Kgc‡ÿ 40 kZvsk †fvU cv‡e, hv Zv‡ì `jxq †fvU)|
GKB c×wZ‡Z wnmve Ki‡j Ab¨vb¨ `‡ji wfwË AvmbmsL¨v ùvovq 15wU|
mviwY 1: †fvUv‡ii aib †kÖwYwefvRb, wfwË †fvU, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvU, wfwË

Avmb, cwieZ©bxq Avmb
AcwieZ©bxq †fvU: cwieZ©bxq †fvU:
wfwË †fvU/ `jxq AbyMZ bb Ggb
`jxq AbyMZ †fvU/ †fvUvi/
`j/†fŠMwjK AÂj gbw¯’i †fvU/ GLbI gbw¯’i K‡ibwb
me©wb¤œ †fvU Ggb †fvUvi/
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvU
AvIqvgx jxM 30 kZvsk †fvU 30 kZvsk †fvU
weGbwc 30 kZvsk †fvU
Ab¨vb¨ `j 10 kZvsk †fvU
70 kZvsk †fvU 30 kZvsk †fvU
wfwË Avmb: cwieZ©bxq Avmb
AciwieZ©bxq Avmb (ÒweRq-AwbwðZ
AvmbmsL¨v (Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ) AvmbÓ)
(mgMÖ †`k = 300) †eBR Avmb/
†d¬vi Avmb/
me©wb¤œ Avmb
}
AvIqvgx jxM 70 (23.3 kZvsk) Avmb
70 (23.3 kZvsk) Avmb 145 (48.3 kZvsk
weGbwc
15 (5 kZvsk) Avmb Avmb)
Ab¨vb¨ `j
155 (51.7 kZvsk Avmb) 145 (48.3 kZvsk
Avmb)
Zb¥‡a¨
cÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK AÂj (`wÿY-`wÿY cwðgvÂj) (19 †Rjvq 68 Avmb)
}
AvIqvgx jxM 25 (8.3 kZvsk Avmb)
weGbwc 16 (5.3 kZvsk Avmb) 23 (7.7 kZvsk
Ab¨vb¨ `j 4 (1.3 kZvsk Avmb) Avmb)
45 (14.9 kZvsk Avmb) 23 (7.7 kZvsk
Avmb)
XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËivÂj (49 †Rjvq 232 Avmb)
}
AvIqvgx jxM 45 (15 kZvsk Avmb)
weGbwc 54 (18 kZvsk Avmb) 122 (40.7 kZvsk
Ab¨vb¨ `j 11 (3.7 kZvsk Avmb) Avmb)
110 (36.7 kZvsk Avmb) 122 (40.7 kZvsk
Avmb)
QK 2: wewfbœ `‡ji m¤¢ve¨ ÒwfwË AvmbÓ

(†hme `‡ji c‡ÿ IB Avm‡b wfwË †fvU 40 kZvsk ev Zvi AwaK,
weavq Avmb †RZv †gvUvgywU wbwðZ; Gme Avm‡b wRZ‡Z †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ì †h †fvU ìKvi, Zv m¤¢ve¨ weRqx `j A‡cÿvK…Z mn‡R
†c‡Z cv‡i)
wewfbœ `‡ji m¤¢ve¨ wfwË Avmb
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi 70wU m¤¢ve¨ wfwË Avmb: †MvcvjMÄ-1, †MvcvjMÄ-2, †MvcvjMÄ-3,
gv`vixcyi-1, gv`vixcyi-2, gv`vixcyi-3, kixqZcyi-1, kixqZcyi-2, kixqZcyi-3,
dwi`cyi-1, dwi`cyi-4, ivRevox-2, w`bvRcyi-2, w`bvRcyi-3, iscyi-6,
MvBevÜv-2, bIMuv-1, ivRkvnx-2, ivRkvnx-6, bv‡Uvi-3, wmivRMÄ-1, cvebv-3,
bovBj-2, ev‡MinvU-1, Lyjbv-1, Lyjbv-3, ei¸bv-1, cUzqvLvjx-1, ewikvj-1,
SvjKvwV-2, Uv½vBj-1, Rvgvjcyi-3, Rvgvjcyi-5, †kicyi-2, gqgbwmsn-7,
†bÎ‡Kvbv-4, wK‡kviMÄ-1, wK‡kviMÄ-4, wK‡kviMÄ-6, XvKv-3, XvKv-5, XvKv-
9, XvKv-10, XvKv-11, XvKv-13, XvKv-18, MvRxcyi-2, MvRxcyi-3, biwms`x-4,
bvivqYMÄ-1, bvivqYMÄ-2, mybvgMÄ-3 wm‡jU-3, wm‡jU-4, †gŠjfxevRvi-4,
nweMÄ-1, nweMÄ-3, Kzwgjøv-5, Kzwgjøv-6, Kzwgjøv-7, Kzwgjøv-9, Puv`cyi-1,
Puv`cyi-3, Puv`cyi-5, †bvqvLvjx-4, PÆMÖvg-6, K·evRvi-4, cve©Z¨ ivOvgvwU,
cve©Z¨ ev›ìeb
weGbwci 70wU m¤¢ve¨ wfwË Avmb: †dbx-1, †dbx-2, †dbx-3, †bvqvLvjx-1,
†bvqvLvjx-2, †bvqvLvjx-3, †bvqvLvjx-6, j²xcyi-1, j²xcyi-2, j²xcyi-3,
j²xcyi-4, w`bvRcyi-6, RqcyinvU-1, RqcyinvU-2, e¸ov-1, e¸ov-2, e¸ov-
3, e¸ov-4, e¸ov-5, e¸ov-6, e¸ov-7, PuvcvBbeveMÄ-1, PuvcvBbeveMÄ-2,
bIMuv-4, bIMuv-6, ivRkvnx-1, ivRkvnx-4, ivRkvnx-5, bv‡Uvi-1, bv‡Uvi-4,
wmivRMÄ-2, wmivRMÄ-5, †g‡nicyi-2, Kzwóqv-4, PzqvWv½v-1, wSbvB`n-2,
wSbvB`n-4, h‡kvi-4, h‡kvi-6, gv¸ov-2, Lyjbv-2, mvZÿxiv-1, ewikvj-2,
ewikvj-4, ewikvj-5, †fvjv-3, Rvgvjcyi-4, †bÎ‡Kvbv-3, gywÝMÄ-3, biwms`x-1,
bvivqYMÄ-4, ivRevox-1, nweMÄ-4, eªvþYevwoqv-1, eªvþYevwoqv-4, Kzwgjøv-2,
Kzwgjøv-3, Kzwgjøv-8, Puv`cyi-4, wm‡jU-2, PÆMÖvg-2, PÆMÖvg-5, PÆMÖvg-7,
PÆMÖvg-9, PÆMÖvg-10, PÆMÖvg-15, PÆMÖvg-16, K·evRvi-1, K·evRvi-3|
Ab¨vb¨ `‡ji 15wU m¤¢ve¨ wfwË Avmb: RvZxq cvwU©i 11wU―iscyi-1, iscyi-2,
iscyi-3, jvjgwbinvU-2, jvjgwbinvU-3, bxjdvgvix-1, VvKziMvuI-3, KzwoMÖvg-1,
KzwoMÖvg-2, KzwoMÖvg-3, PÆMÖvg-4; Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxi 2wU-PÆMÖvg-14, K·evRvi-2;
GbwWwci 1wU-PÆMÖvg-13, we‡Rwci 1wU-†fvjv-1|
we. `ª.: ÒwfwË AvmbÕ-Gi msÁv cwiewZ©Z n‡j wewfbœ `‡ji AvmbwfwËK ÒwfwË AvmbÕ wPÎ wfbœ
n‡Z cv‡i| ÒwfwË AvmbÓ-Gi msÁv hZ †ewk iÿYkxj n‡e, ÒwfwË AvmbÓ msL¨v ZZ
Kg n‡e (D‡ëvUv n‡e hw` msÁv AviI D`vi Kiv nq)| Z‡e msÁv hyw³m½Zfv‡e
cwieZ©b Ki‡jI AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwci wfwË AvmbmsL¨v cÖvq mgvb-mgvb nq|
Avgv‡ì wnmv‡e †`‡ki 300wU msm` Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 155wU Avmb n‡jv
ÒwfwË AvmbÓ ev Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq wbwðZ AvmbÓ| ÒwfwË AvmbÓ-Gi msÁvi
mv‡_ G ai‡bi Avm‡bi `jwfwËK msL¨vi m¤úK© Ges G ai‡bi Avm‡bi
weRq-wbwðZ Òm¤¢vebvÓ m¤ú‡K© GLv‡b ÒwfwË AvmbÓ wb‡q `yÕ‡Uv K_v ejv
cÖ‡qvRb: (1) Avgiv ÒwfwË AvmbÓ msL¨v wb‡q hv ejwQ msL¨vUv Zvi †P‡q
Kg ev †ewk n‡Z cv‡i hw` ÒwfwË AvmbÓ wbiƒc‡Yi msÁv cwieZ©b Kiv nq|
ÒwfwË AvmbÓ-Gi msÁv Av‡iv iÿYkxj n‡j (†hgb 40 kZvs‡ki wfwË
†fv‡Ui cwie‡Z© 50 kZvsk wfwË †fvU hw` gvb`Ð nq) wfwË AvmbmsL¨v K‡g
hv‡e| Avevi Zv Av‡iv D`vi n‡j (†hgb 40 kZvsk wfwË †fv‡Ui cwie‡Z©
36 kZvsk wfwË †fvU hw` gvb`Ð nq) wfwË AvmbmsL¨v †e‡o hv‡e| wKš‘
Avgiv jÿ K‡iwQ, ÒwfwË AvmbÓ-Gi msÁv cwiewZ©Z n‡jI AvIqvgx jxM
I weGbwci wfwË AvmbmsL¨v cÖvq mgvb-mgvb nq| Z‡e ÒwfwË AvmbÓ-Gi
msÁv Òwb‡Ri mywe‡a g‡ZvÓ ev Ôwb‡Ri gb g‡ZvÕ ev Òwb‡Ri Rb¨ hyuZmBÓ
(convenience) KivUv Avi hvB †nvK weÁvbm¤§Z n‡e bv| (2) ÒwfwË
AvmbÓ n‡jv Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZÓ Avmb| Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZÓ Avm‡b
†Kv‡bv GKwU `‡ji ÒweRq m¤¢vebvÓ 100 kZvsk bq (hw` ZvB-B n‡Zv,
Zvn‡j Òm¤¢ve¨Ó ejv n‡Zv bv)| †h‡nZz G ai‡bi Avm‡b ÒweRq-wbwðZ
m¤¢vebvÓ mywbw`©ó †Kv‡bv GKwU `‡ji c‡ÿ, †m‡nZz IB Avm‡b IB `j Zvi
weRq-wbwðZ m¤¢vebv‡K c~Y© ev¯Í‡e iƒc w`‡Z PvB‡e; Avi GKB mv‡_ cÖwZcÿ
`j PvB‡e IB AvmbwU wQwb‡q wb‡Z| †Mg w_Dwii m~Îvbymv‡i IB Avm‡b
cÖwZcÿ `j cÖv_©x cwieZ©b K‡i Zv‡ì aviYvq Òk³ cÖv_©xÓ ùvo Kiv‡Z
cv‡i| †h‡nZz `yB cÿB Gme Ki‡e, †m‡nZz `yB c‡ÿi wKQz ÒwfwË AvmbÓ
ev Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ nq‡Zv ev GKc‡ÿi nvZ †_‡K Ab¨c‡ÿi
nv‡Z P‡j hv‡e| wKš‘ Zv‡Z K‡i `yB c‡ÿi Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ-
Gi wbU msL¨vi †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b n‡e bv| KviY, Dfq cÿB GKB †KŠkj
Aej¤^b Ki‡e| G †ÿ‡Î Df‡qB GKB welq wbwðZ Ki‡Z PvB‡e, Df‡qB
PvB‡e― †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU wb‡Ri c‡ÿ m‡e©v”PKiY Ki‡Z (Ab¨
mewKQz n‡e †MŠY welq)|
ÒwfwË AvmbÓ ev Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓmswkó fvebvq †fŠMwjK

Ae¯’vbMZ GKwU welq h‡_ó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© e‡j we‡ewPZ nIqvi `vwe iv‡L| welqwU
n‡jv―ÒcÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK AÂjÓ (A_©vr `wÿY-`wÿY cwðgvÂj‡Kw›`ªK)
Ges XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËivÂ‡j wfwË AvmbmsL¨vi eÈb I

`jwfwËK Zzjbvg~jK AvwaK¨ (†`Lyb mviwY 1 I QK 1)|
Avgv‡ì wnmv‡e †`‡ki †gvU 155wU wfwË Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 45wU (29 kZvsk
wfwË Avmb) Av‡Q cÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK―`wÿY-`wÿY cwðg AÂ‡j, Avi
110wU (71 kZvsk wfwË Avmb) Av‡Q c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂ‡j| wfwË Avmb-
Gi Zzjbvg~jK Avwa‡K¨ †fŠMwjK wefvRbUv G iKg: †`‡ki `wÿY-`wÿY
cwðg AÂ‡j †gvU AvmbmsL¨v (68wU) mviv †`‡ki †gvU Avm‡bi 22.7
kZvsk n‡jI G AÂ‡j wfwË AvmbmsL¨v mviv †`‡ki wfwË AvmbmsL¨vi 29
kZvsk, Avi XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂ‡ji Rb¨ Gme AbycvZ
h_vµ‡g 77 kZvsk I 71 kZvsk (mviwY 1 †_‡K wnmveK…Z)|
Avgv‡ì wn‡m‡e ÒcÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK AÂjÓ-Gi 19wU †Rjvi †gvU 68wU

Avm‡bi g‡a¨ †gvU wfwË AvmbmsL¨v 45wU (G AÂ‡ji †gvU Avm‡bi
66.2 kZvsk)| GB AÂ‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wfwË AvmbmsL¨v weGbwci
†P‡q †ewk―AvIqvgx jx‡Mi 25wU, Avi weGbwci 16wU| Avevi XvKvmn
†`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂ‡ji 49wU †Rjvi †gvU 232wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨
†gvU wfwË AvmbmsL¨v 110wU (G AÂ‡ji †gvU Avm‡bi 47.4 kZvsk)|
GB AÂ‡j weGbwci wfwË AvmbmsL¨v AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wfwË AvmbmsL¨vi
Zzjbvq †ewk―weGbwci 54wU, Avi AvIqvgx jx‡Mi 45wU| DwjøwLZ `yB
†fŠMwjK AÂ‡j AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwci evB‡iI Ab¨vb¨ `‡ji wfwË Avmb
Av‡Q| †hgb Ab¨vb¨ `‡ji wfwË AvmbmsL¨v cÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK AÂ‡j 4wU
Avi †`‡ki c~e© I DËi AÂ‡j 11wU|
jÿYxq †h ÒwfwË AvmbÓ-Gi `jwfwËK eÈb GKai‡bi †fŠMwjKZ¡ (ev

†fŠMwjK Ae¯’vb) AbymiY K‡i| †`‡ki `wÿY-`wÿY cwðgvÂ‡j―†MvcvjMÄ,
gv`vixcyi, kixqZcyi, dwi`cyi, Lyjbvq AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wfwË AvmbmsL¨v
weGbwci Zzjbvq A‡bK †ewk; Avevi c~e©vÂj I cwðgvÂ‡ji K‡qKwU
†Rjvq―†dbx, †bvqvLvjx, j²xcyi, e¸ov, RqcyinvU I PÆMÖv‡g weGbwci
wfwË AvmbmsL¨v AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Zzjbvq A‡bK †ewk; DËivÂ‡ji iscyi,
jvjgwbinvU I KzwoMÖv‡g RvZxq cvwU©i wfwË AvmbmsL¨v Ab¨me `‡ji Zzjbvq
†ewk| Gm‡ei Kvh©KiY ivRbxwZweÁvbxiv †f‡e †`L‡Z cv‡ib|
Ô†fvUv‡ii gbÕ eyS‡Z cÖ_‡gB Avgiv †fvUvi‡ì `yÕfv‡M wef³ K‡iwQ| cÖ_g
fv‡M Av‡Qb †mBme †fvUvi, hviv †Kv_vq †fvU †`‡eb Zv BwZg‡a¨ w¯’i
K‡i †d‡j‡Qb (aib-1 †fvUvi)―Avgiv ejwQ Gme †fvUvi n‡jb Zviv,
hviv mewKQz IjUcvjU n‡jI Avmbœ 2024 wbe©vP‡b †Kvb `‡j †fvU †`‡eb
†m wel‡q gbw¯’i K‡i‡Qb―hv cwieZ©b n‡e bv| Giv n‡jb Ò`jxq AbyMZ
†fvUviÓ (gbw¯’i †fvUvi)| G‡ì Avgiv ejwQ ÒwfwË †fvUviÓ (base
voter)| AZx‡Zi ÒA‡cÿvK…Z fv‡jvÓ wbe©vP‡bi djvd‡ji wfwË‡Z Avgiv
Gme †fvUvi Lyu‡R †c‡qwQ| ZviB wfwË‡Z Avgiv hyw³ w`‡q †`wL‡qwQ †h,
Avmbœ 2024-Gi wbe©vP‡b 12 †KvwU †fvUv‡ii g‡a¨ Gme Ògbw¯’i †fvUv‡iiÓ
`jMZ wefvRbUv n‡Z cv‡i G iKg: 30 kZvsk AvIqvgx jxM, 30 kZvsk
weGbwc, 10 kZvsk Ab¨vb¨ `j (¯^Zš¿mn)| hZB IjUcvjU †nvK bv †Kb
AZxZKvj (AšÍZ AZx‡Zi PviwU A‡cÿvK…Z fv‡jv wbe©vPb―1991, 1996
Ryyb, 2001, 2008) hw` †Kv‡bv gvb`Ð n‡q _v‡K, †m‡ÿ‡Î GB c¨vUvb©
(cÖeYZv) Lye GKUv cwieZ©b n‡e bv| Avgv‡ì wnmv‡e Ô`jxq AbyMZ †fvUviÕ
ev Ôgbw¯’i †fvUviÕ A_ev GKB K_v ÔwfwË †fvUviÕiv n‡jb †gvU †fvUv‡ii 70
kZvsk| Gi A_© evèvwK 30 kZvsk †fvUvi (100‒70) n‡jb Zviv―hviv
Ò`jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi bbÓ A_ev hviv ÒKv‡K †fvU †`‡eb †m wel‡q GLbI
gbw¯’i K‡ibwbÓ| GivB n‡jb wØZxq fvM †fvUvi―Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ
(aib-2 †fvUvi)| GB 30 kZvsk †fvUvi, hviv ÒGLbI gbw¯’i K‡ibwb †h
Kv‡K †fvU †`‡ebÓ―G‡ì †fv‡UB 145wU Avm‡b (†hme Avmb‡K Avgiv
ejwQ ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ) Rq-civRq wbwðZ n‡e, hv w`‡qB P‚ovšÍ
weRq wba©vwiZ n‡e| Avgiv wnmve K‡i †`‡L‡qwQ †h, GKwU Avm‡b †m
wRZ‡e, †h Gme †fvUv‡ii 56 kZvsk †fvU cv‡e| A_©vr Gme Avm‡b
wRZ‡Z n‡j Ò`jxq AbyMZ †fvUÓ cy‡ivUv †c‡Z n‡e (†gvU †fv‡Ui 30
kZvsk) Avi Zvi mv‡_ †c‡Z n‡e †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì 56 kZvsk †fvU|
Dc‡ii `yB ai‡bi †fvU †hvM Ki‡j †h 46 kZvsk †fvU n‡e Zv w`‡qB
ÒweRq-AwbwðZ Avm‡bÓ eo `yB `‡ji g‡a¨ †h‡Kv‡bv `‡ji weRq wbwðZ
n‡e|
GmeB n‡jv †gvUvgywU wPivPwiZ wn‡m‡ei K_v| wKš‘ Gm‡ei evB‡iI wKQz
ev¯Íe wn‡mecËi Av‡Q, hv †KDB †Zgb e‡jb bv (m¤¢eZ KLbI e‡jbwb)|
†hgb ÒwfwË †fvUÓ †hgb Av‡Q, †ZgbB Av‡Q ÒwfwË AvmbÓ| Avgiv G
ai‡bi Avm‡bi msÁvmn wn‡mecËi w`‡q BwZg‡a¨B e‡jwQ †h, wfwË Avmb
n‡jv †mBme Avmb, hv eo `yB `j―AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwc †h‡Kv‡bv
Ae¯’v‡ZB †c‡q hv‡e| †hgb Ò`yM© AvmbÓ A_©vr Ggb Avmb, †hme Avm‡b
†Kv‡bv GKwU `‡ji wfwË †fvU _v‡K Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †ewk, †`v`yj¨gvb

†fvUvi _v‡K Kg Ges HwZnvwmKfv‡eB (m¤¢eZ mvsMVwbK kw³kvjx wfwËi
Kvi‡Y) AvmbwU cvb IB `j―hvi wfwË †fvU Zzjbvg~jK A‡bK †ewk|
Avgv‡ì wn‡m‡e eo `yB `‡ji wfwË †fvU mgvb―Df‡qiB 30 kZvsk
K‡i| GUv †Zv Mo Ae¯’v| wKš‘ †Kv‡bv Avm‡b †Kv‡bv `‡ji wfwË †fvU hw`
40 kZvsk nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î Rq-civRq wba©vi‡Y †`v`yj¨gvb †fv‡Ui †Zgb
†Kv‡bv ¸iæZ¡ _v‡K bv (A_ev ¸iæZ¡ _v‡K Kg)| AZx‡Zi Zzjbvg~jK fv‡jv
wbe©vP‡bi we‡køl‡Y †`Lv hvq †h †hme `j †hme Avm‡b 40 kZvsk wfwË
†fvU wbwðZ Ki‡Z cv‡i, Zviv IB Avm‡b †R‡Z―Gme Avmb n‡jv ÒwfwË
AvmbÓ (base seat)| G wnmv‡e AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwc―cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki wfwË
Avmb (A_©vr Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ) msL¨v 70 n‡Z cv‡i| Avi
me `j wg‡j †gvU wfwË AvmbmsL¨v 155wU| Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b 300 Avm‡bi
RvZxq msm‡` fvM¨ wba©viK n‡e 145wU ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ (†gvU
Avm‡bi 48 kZvsk)| Gme Avm‡bi weRq-Ae¯’vB †klch©šÍ wba©viY Ki‡e
†h †K miKvi MVb Ki‡e|
†h‡nZz ÔAvIqvgx jxMÓ I ÒweGbwcÓ Df‡qiB wfwË AvmbmsL¨v (ev m¤¢ve¨

weRq-mywbwðZ Avmb) mgvb Df‡qiB 70wU K‡i Avmb, †m‡nZz Avmbœ
wbe©vP‡b AvmbmsL¨v evov‡bvi Rb¨ Df‡qB me©vZ¥K †Póv Ki‡e―G GK
mnR cvwUMwYZ| Avi GB cvwUMwY‡Z `jxq AvmbmsL¨v evov‡Z Df‡qB †h
†PóvwU Ki‡e, Zv n‡jv ÒcwieZ©bxq Avm‡bÓ (weRq-AwbwðZ Avmb) †Rvi
w`‡Z; Avi Zv Ki‡Z n‡j 145wU cwieZ©bxq Avm‡b †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì
(30 kZvsk †fvUvi) gb Ggbfv‡e cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e, †hb Zv‡ì Kgc‡ÿ
56 kZvsk †fvU cvIqv wbwðZ Kiv hvq| Dfq `jB G †PóvB Ki‡e| †K
KZUzKz mdjKvg n‡e, Zv wbf©i Ki‡Q †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì g‡b Kx Av‡Q
Ges cÖv_©xiv Gme g‡b Kxfv‡e bvov †`‡eb Zvi Ici| †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì
gb eyS‡Z Ges Zv‡Z bvov w`‡Z n‡j, eyS‡Z n‡e Zv‡ì cÖZ¨vkvi K_v|
Avi Zvi †P‡qI †ewk eyS‡Z n‡e Zv‡ì Rxeb-RxweKvi ev¯ÍeZv Ges eqm
KvVv‡gvwfwËK cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvwn`vi K_v|
Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ Kx †`‡L wm×všÍ †b‡eb? Kx ejv n‡e?

†Kgb n‡Z cv‡i P‚ovšÍ wm×všÍ?
Avgiv BwZg‡a¨ ÒwfwË AvmbÓ ev Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ aviYvwU

e¨vL¨v-we‡kølY Avi Zvi wfwË‡Z wn‡mewb‡Kk K‡i †c‡qwQ †h, †`‡ki
300wU msm`xq Avm‡bi g‡a¨ wfwË AvmbmsL¨v n‡e 155wU| GB 155wU

wfwË Avm‡bi g‡a¨ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Av‡Q 70wU, weGbwci 70wU, Avi
Ab¨vb¨ `‡ji 15wU| cÖ‡Z¨K `‡ji Rb¨ wnmveK…Z Gme Avmb †c‡Z cÖwZwU
Avm‡b 40 kZvsk †fvU †c‡Z n‡q‡Q, hv cyivUvB `jxq †fvUviiv w`‡q‡Qb;
Avi Zvi mv‡_ hy³ n‡q‡Q Lye Kg †`v`yj¨gvb †fvU―gvÎ 6 kZvsk †fvU|
KviI †gvU cÖvß †fv‡Ui 40 kZvsk hw` `jxq AbyMZ †fvUv‡ii †fvU nq,
†m‡ÿ‡Î IB 6 kZvsk AwZwi³ †fvU †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì Kv‡Q †_‡K
cvIqv †Zgb KwVb KvR bq| G †Zv †Mj 300 Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 155 Avm‡bi
K_v hv Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ| evwK 145wU Avm‡b (hv ÒweRq-
AwbwðZ AvmbÓ) cÖv_©x‡ì fvM¨ Kxfv‡e wba©vwiZ n‡e| †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviiv
†Kgb AvPiY Ki‡eb, Kv‡K †fvU †`‡eb―Zv w`‡qB wba©vwiZ n‡e IB
145wU Avm‡b cÖv_©xi fvM¨|
GB 145wU ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ Avm‡bi †h‡Kv‡bv Avm‡b †h‡Kv‡bv cÖv_©x‡K

wRZ‡Z n‡j Zv‡K 46 kZvsk †fvU †c‡Z n‡e| Avgiv Av‡MB †`wL‡qwQ
†h, GKwU Mo Avm‡b eo `‡ji cÖv_©x‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡KiB Mo `jxq †fvU Av‡Q
30 kZvsk| wRZ‡Z n‡j cÖv_©x‡K AviI 16 kZvsk †fvU †c‡Z n‡e| Avi
GB †fvU Avmvi RvqMv GKUvB―Zv n‡jv †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU|
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii †fvUmsL¨v (Avgv‡ì wnmv‡e) †gvU †fvUv‡ii 30
kZvsk| wRZ‡Z n‡j †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì me †fvU cvIqvi ìKvi n‡e
bv (†mUv †KD †Kv‡bv w`b cv‡ebI bv)―†c‡Z n‡e †`v`yj¨gvb †gvU †fv‡Ui
gvÎ 56 kZvsk| A_©vr AvIqvgx jxM A_ev weGbwci cÖv_©x, whwb 100 Rb
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii g‡a¨ 56 R‡bi †fvU cv‡eb―wZwbB wRZ‡eb| cÖkœ
n‡jv―Gme †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi Kviv, Kx Zv‡ì êwkó¨?
Gme †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviiv †hgb bvix-cyiæl Avi MÖvg-kn‡i wefvwRZ, †Zgwb

Zv‡ì GKwU eqmKvVv‡gv Av‡Q| †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì Ò†fvU cÖ`vb-DwÏó
wm×všÍ MÖnY AvPiYÓ eyS‡Z m¤¢eZ GB eqmKvVv‡gvUv Rvbv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| KviY,
m¤¢eZ me eqmx †fvUvi GKB welq GKBfv‡e we‡ePbv K‡i †fvU cÖ`v‡bi
wm×všÍ †bb bv| Avevi GgbI nIqv A¯^vfvweK bq †h, wewfbœ eqm MÖæ‡c
Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡iiÓ A_ev Ò`jxq AbyMZ †fvUv‡iiÓ AbycvZ GKB iKg
bq|
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì A‡a©K bvix, evwK A‡a©K cyiæl―G‡ì 70 kZvsk

MÖv‡g _v‡Kb, evwK 30 kZvsk kn‡i| †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì eqmKvVv‡gv
hw` †`‡ki me †fvUv‡ii eqmKvVv‡gv AbycvZUvB AbymiY K‡i, Zvn‡j

G‡ì eqmKvVv‡gv n‡e m¤¢eZ G iKg: 34 kZvs‡ki eqm 19-29 eQ‡ii
g‡a¨, 55 kZvs‡ki eqm 30-59 Gi g‡a¨, Avi evwK 11 kZvs‡ki eqm
60 eQi ev Zvi †ewk (mviwY 2)| me‡P‡q Kg eqmx †fvUvi, hv‡ì
eqm 19-29 eQi, Giv QvÎ-hyeK-ZiæY-bZzb †fvUvi (hv‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb
AwfÁZv fv‡jv bq)―Giv n‡jb †gvU †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii 34 kZvsk|
Gi c‡i Av‡Q ga¨ eqmx A_©vr 30-59 eqmx †fvUvi, hviv Òcwiev‡ii
A_©bxwZi cwiPvjKÓ―G‡ì mevB-B cwievi cwiPvj‡b Kó-†K¬k Ki‡Qb;
A‡bK `ywðšÍv G‡ì g‡b| Giv n‡jb †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii me‡P‡q eo
Ask―55 kZvsk| Ges Zvic‡i Av‡Qb 60 eQi I Zvi †P‡q †ewk eqmx
†fvUvi―Giv e‡qv‡R¨ô, A‡cÿvK…Z cÖexY, axi-w¯’i cÖK…wZi AwfÁ gvbyl;
Giv n‡jb †gvU †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii 11 kZvsk| hw` GgbwU nq †h Kgeqmx
†fvUvi‡ì eo AskB GLbI gbw¯’i K‡ibwb †h Kv‡K †fvU †`‡eb, †m‡ÿ‡Î
GgbwUI nIqv A¯^vfvweK bq †h―Zviv †gvU †fvUv‡ii 34 kZvsk n‡jI
n‡Z cv‡ib †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì 40 kZvsk| Avi †m‡ÿ‡Î A‡cÿvK…Z
Kgeqmx †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviivB n‡q †h‡Z cv‡ib cÖv_©x‡ì fvM¨wba©viK|
Z‡e G K_v wbwðZ †h eqmwbwe©‡k‡l †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii wm×všÍB n‡e
weRqwba©viK †fvU|
mviwY 2: evsjv‡`‡k †fvUvi‡ì eqmKvVv‡gv

eqm MÖæc †gvU †fvUv‡ii kZvsk †gvU †fvUvi
19-29 eQi 34 kZvsk 4 †KvwU 8 jÿ
30-59 eQi 55 kZvsk 6 †KvwU 60 jÿ
60 eQi I †ewk 11 kZvsk 1 †KvwU 32 jÿ
me©‡gvU 100 kZvsk 12 †KvwU
†`‡k †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii msL¨v n‡e AvbygvwbK 3 †KvwU 60 jÿ (†gvU

†fvUv‡ii 30 kZvsk)| †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì Ò†fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ
MÖnYmswkøó gbÓ Kxfv‡e KvR K‡i, Zv m¤¢eZ eûjvs‡k wbf©i Ki‡e Gme
†fvUv‡ii †ekwKQz Av_©mvgvwRK êwk‡óï Ici| eqmKvVv‡gv Abyhvqx Gme
†fvUv‡ii RxebPvwn`v †h ¸iæZ¡c~Y©, Zv Avgiv BwZg‡a¨B e‡jwQ| Z‡e
Zv‡ì Av_©mvgvwRK Ae¯’vi K‡qKwU êwkó¨ eo gv‡ci wbY©vqK n‡Z cv‡i|
Gme êwk‡óï g‡a¨ Av‡Q †eKviZ¡ (†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì g‡a¨ Kvh©Z
†eKvi n‡eb 75 jÿ); K…wlmn AbvbyôvwbK Lv‡Z ¯^ígRywii-¯^íAvqx gvbyl
(cÖvq 1 †KvwU 25 jÿ, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì 35 kZvsk); A‡bï Av‡qi

Ici wbf©ikxj gvbylmn AemicÖvß, kvwiixKfv‡e f½yi, mÂq †f‡O Pjv
gvbyl (cÖvq 2 †KvwU, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì 56 kZvsk), Ges QvÎ (cÖvq
75 jÿ, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì 20 kZvsk)| Gme wn‡mecËi wVK n‡j
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì eo AskB n‡eb h‡_ógvÎvq `y`©kvMÖ¯Í gvbyl| Avi
Gme gvby‡li †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ m¤¢êZ me‡P‡q †ewk cÖfve †dj‡e―Zv‡ì
Rxeb-RxweKvmswkøó welqvw`| mewKQzi gvÎvwZwi³ g~jë„w× Avi cvkvcvwk
Avq-DcvR©b bv evov―Gme Kvi‡Y MZ `yB eQ‡i †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì
Rxeb-RxweKvq †h A‡avMwZ n‡q‡Q Zv wbtm‡›`‡n Zv‡ì kvwiixK I gvbwmK
cxovmn Rxe‡b eo ai‡bi AwbðqZvi KviY n‡q ùvwo‡q‡Q|
Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ A_©vr Ò†Kv_vq †fvU †`‡eb Zv hviv GLbI P‚ovšÍ

K‡ibwbÓ―GB e‡M©i †fvUviivB (aib-2 †fvUvi) wba©viY Ki‡eb―†K
wRZ‡e-†K nvi‡e| KviY, 300 Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 155wU (†gvU Avm‡bi 52
kZvsk) Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZÓ Avm‡bi †h wPÎ Avgiv †c‡qwQ, Zv w`‡q
†Kv‡bv P‚ovšÍ wm×v‡šÍ Avmv hv‡”Q bv| Gev‡i wm×všÍ P‚ovšÍ n‡e evwK 145wU
ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ-Gi m¤¢ve¨ djvd‡ji wfwË‡Z| Avi IB P‚ovšÍ
wm×všÍUv wba©viY Ki‡e †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU|
ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ GB 145wU Avm‡bi cÖwZwUi Mo †fvUvimsL¨v 4 jÿ, Avi

†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi n‡eb 1 jÿ 20 nvRvi| Z‡e †Kv‡bv cÖv_©x‡K wRZ‡Z
n‡j, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì me †fvU ev †ewki fvM †fvU cvIqvi e¨vcvi
†bB| KviY, eo `yB `‡ji (AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwc) cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki c‡ÿ
cÖ‡Z¨K Avm‡b `jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi Av‡Qb 1 jÿ 20 nvRvi (wfwË †fvU),
GB †fv‡Ui mv‡_ †h Av‡iv 64 nvRvi †fvU―†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU
hy³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e, †m-B wRZ‡e (KviY wRZ‡Z n‡j ìKvi n‡e 1 jÿ
84 nvRvi †fvU A_ev †gvU †fv‡Ui 46 kZvsk)| Z‡e †fvUvi Dcw¯’wZi
nvi A_ev †fvU cÖ`v‡bi nvi 70 kZvsk n‡j 4 jÿ †fvUv‡ii Avm‡b †fvU
†`‡eb 2 jÿ 80 nvRvi| wRZ‡Z jvM‡e 1 jÿ 28 nvRvi 800 †fvU (46
kZvsk)| hvi g‡a¨ `jxq AbyMZ †fvU 84 nvRvi, Avi †`v`yj¨gvb †fv‡Ui
Ask wn‡m‡e Av‡Q 44 nvRvi 800 †fvU| Gi A_© n‡jv GBB †h, †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ì (A_©vr Òhviv †fvU †Kv_vq †`‡eb Zv GLbI ch©šÍ wVK K‡ibwb)
†fv‡Ui 56 kZvsk †c‡jB weRq-wbwðZ A_©vr Zv‡ì †fv‡Ui 44 kZvsk
bv †c‡jI Amyweav nIqvi KviY †bB| GLb ¯^vfvweK cÖkœ ÒGLbI gbw¯’i
bv Kiv Gme †fvUviÓ ev Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ-Gi g‡b Kx Av‡Q? Zviv Kx

fve‡Qb? Zv‡ì †fvU‡Kw›`ªK gb¯ÍË¡ Kxfv‡e KvR Ki‡e? Zviv Kx †f‡e Kvi
c‡ÿ P‚ovšÍ wm×všÍ †b‡eb?
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cvIqvi Rb¨ (ÿgZvmxb) miKvwi `j

(AvIqvgx jxM) Ges we‡ivax `j (weGbwc I Zv‡ì wgÎ `j) Df‡qB
gwiqv n‡e―GUvB ¯^vfvweK| Df‡qB †fvUv‡ii g‡bi g‡a¨ Ggbfv‡e
XzK‡Z PvB‡e, hv‡Z K‡i †fvUvi Zvi c‡ÿ †fvU`v‡bi wm×všÍ †bb| Avevi
†fvUv‡ii mv‡_ e¨w³MZfv‡e mvÿv‡Zi cvkvcvwk Df‡qB m¤¢ve¨ me cÖPvi-
†hvMv‡hvMgva¨gB eënvi Ki‡e| mvgvwRK †hvMv‡hvMgva¨g AweiZ Z_¨
w`‡Z _vK‡e| †fvUv‡ii gb †c‡Z (Rq Ki‡Z) cÖv_©xiv A‡bK welq mvg‡b
Avb‡eb| wel‡qi Ici wfwË K‡i cÖv_©xiv AvZ¥iÿvg~jK Ges AvµgYvZ¥K
e³e¨ cÖPvi Ki‡eb| †fvUviiv Gi meB ïb‡eb, wb‡Ri Ávb-eyw×-AwfÁZv
w`‡q Gme e³e¨ ÔwdëviÕ Ki‡eb, PvIqv-cvIqv †gjv‡eb Ges me †k‡l
†fvU‡K‡›`ª †Mvcb e¨vj‡U wm×všÍ Rvwb‡q †`‡eb| Z‡e G cÖwµqvq †KD
Rvb‡ZB cvi‡e bv―†Kvb †fvUvi Kx g‡b K‡i †kl wm×všÍwU wb‡jb| Gme
†fvUvi †fv‡Ui Av‡M m¤¢eZ KvD‡KB e‡jb bv Kx n‡j ev Kx Ki‡j―wZwb
wbw`©ó KvD‡K †fvU †`‡eb| GmeB h‡_ó AwbwðZ e¨vcvi, Z‡e wbwðZ †h
Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ †klch©šÍ wbw`©ó KvD‡K mywbw`©ó Kvi‡Y †fvU w`‡”Qb/
w`‡jb| †fvUcÖZ¨vkx cÖv_©xi Rb¨ Gme LyeB AwbwðZ Ae¯’v| KviY, cÖv_©x
ïay Rv‡bb †h, ÒA‡bK †fvUvi Av‡Qb, hviv GLbI gbw¯’i K‡ibwbÓ (Z‡e
mywbw`©ófv‡e Zviv Kviv, Zv cÖv_©x Rv‡bb bv); Rv‡bb ïay Gme †fvUvi †fvU
†`‡eb Ges cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki Av‡Q GK †fvU―wRZ‡Z n‡j GB †fvUwUB Avgvi
ìKvi, Avi G Rb¨ mywbw`©ó e³e¨mn cÖPvi-cÖPviYv Pvjv‡Z n‡e|
GLb ¯^vfvweK cÖkœ n‡jv, miKvwi `j (AvIqvgx jxM) Avi we‡ivax `j

(weGbwc I Zv‡ì wgÎ`j)-Gi cÖv_©xiv †fvUvi‡ì mvg‡b Kx Kx e³e¨ wb‡q
Avm‡eb―hv †`‡L †fvUviiv, we‡klZ †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviiv (hviv Kv‡K
†fvU †`‡eb, Zv wb‡q GLbI gbw¯’i K‡ibwb, A_©vr 30 kZvsk †fvUvi) †K
†Kv_vq †fvU †`‡eb, †m wel‡q wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡eb|
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ cÖfvevwš^Z Ki‡Z AvIqvgx jxM

I weGbwci cÖv_©xiv cÖwYavb‡hvM¨ †hme welq DÌvcb Ki‡eb, Zvi g‡a¨
_vK‡e Dbœqbg~jK Kg©KvÐ (AeKvVv‡gvMZ welqvw` †gMv cÖ‡R±, cÙv †mZz,
we`y¨r, mve©Rbxb †cbkb); mvgwóK A_©bxwZ (wRwWwc, cÖe„w×, g~j¨ùxwZ,

gy`ªvùxwZ, ê‡`wkK gy`ªvi wiRvf©, cÖevmx Avq, Avg`vwb-ißvwb, †Ljvwc
FY BZ¨vw`); Nyl-`yb©xwZ-Kv‡jvUvKv-A_©cvPvi; `ªe¨g~j¨; AvBbk„•Ljv-wePvi;
miKvwi kvmb-ms¯‹…wZ; gvbevwaKvi; cÖhyw³-wWwRUvj; 2018-Gi wbe©vPb;
m¨vskb (wb‡lavÁv; GKB mv‡_ AvšÍR©vwZK welq wn‡m‡e c¨v‡j÷vB‡bi
weiæ‡× Bmiv‡q‡ji hy× †NvlYv)| Gm‡ei cvkvcvwk cÖ‡Z¨K cÖv_©xB
†fvUvi‡ì AeMwZ I we‡ePbvi Rb¨ Avmb‡Kw›`ªK ¯’vbxq Dbœqb cwiKíbv
nvwRi Ki‡eb|
miKvwi `j I we‡ivax `j (cÿ-cÖwZcÿ) GKB wel‡q e³e¨ †`‡eb―Z‡e

ej‡eb wfbœ K_v, †`‡eb wfbœ hyw³| Zv‡ì Df‡qiB D‡Ïk¨ n‡e LyeB
†mvRvmvÞv―Ò†hme †fvUvi GLbI Zvi †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍwU P‚ovšÍ K‡ibwb,
†m wm×všÍwU wb‡Ri c‡ÿ Uvb‡Z/cÖfvevwš^Z Ki‡Z †Póv KivÓ| G cÖwµqvq
†klch©šÍ †Kvb e³‡e¨ †K KZ `~i mdj n‡eb, Zv Df‡qiB ARvbv| Gme
ARvbv wel‡qi myivnv n‡e †fvUv‡ii gb w`‡q| A‡bK K_vB Av‡Q (_vK‡e),
hv †fvUv‡ii gb cwieZ©‡b †Zgb cÖfve bvI †dj‡Z cv‡i| Avevi Ggb
A‡bK K_vI _vK‡e, hv †fvUv‡ii gb Qzu‡q hv‡e―gb cwieZ©‡b cÖfve
†dj‡e| GgbUv ¯^vfvweK †h, †h wel‡q miKvwi `j AvZ¥iÿvg~jK e³e¨
†`‡e, GKB wel‡q we‡ivax `j n‡e AvµgYvZ¥K| D‡ëvUvI n‡e| GKB
wel‡q miKvwi `j hLb BwZevPK e³e¨ †`‡e, ZLb we‡ivax `j †`‡e
†bwZevPK e³e¨| Gme BwZevPK-†bwZevPK welqvw` †fvUvi ïb‡eb, gvbv
bv-gvbv, MÖnY-eR©b †k‡l †fvUvi `„p wm×všÍ †b‡eb Ges †fvUUv †m AbyhvqxB
†`‡eb| GUvB mvaviY m~Î|
†Kv‡bv ai‡bi wØav-mskq-Ø¨_©‡eva †hb bv _v‡K, G Rb¨ cybive„wË n‡jI

Av‡iKUz G‡Mv‡bvi Av‡M e‡j ivLv ìKvi―miKvwi `j-we‡ivax `j †h
wel‡q †h e³e¨B w`K bv †Kb, Zv 70 kZvsk †fvUv‡ii gb cwieZ©b Ki‡e
bv A_ev gb cwieZ©‡b †Zgb cÖfve †dj‡e bv| KviY, 70 kZvsk †fvUvi
n‡jb Ògbw¯’i †fvUviÓ, ÒBwZg‡a¨ wm×všÍ †bIqv †fvUviÓ―Giv n‡jb
Ò`jxq AbyMZ †fvUviÓ| cÖv_©x †h e³e¨B w`K bv †Kb Ges Zvi ¯^c‡ÿ
hZ hyw³B w`K bv †Kb, hZ ai‡bi cÖPvigva¨gB eënvi KiæK bv †Kb―
GKwU Mo Avm‡b wfwË †fvU wn‡m‡e (hv me©wb¤œ †fvU) 30 kZvsk †fvU
cv‡e AvIqvgx jxM, 30 kZvsk †fvU cv‡e weGbwc, 10 kZvsk †fvU cv‡e
Ab¨vb¨ `j (¯^Zš¿mn)| evwK †h 30 kZvsk hv‡ì Avgiv ejwQ ÒGLbI
†fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ P‚ovšÍ K‡ibwb, Òhviv `jxq AbyMZ-¯’vqx †fvUvi bb,
Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ―G‡ì wm×všÍB n‡e weRq wba©vi‡Y P‚ovšÍ| myZivs
†hŠw³K wePv‡i miKvwi `j-we‡ivax `j †h e³e¨B nvwRi Kiæb bv †Kb,

Zv‡ì g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡e―Gme ÒGLbI gbw¯’i bv Kiv †fvUv‡iiÓ g‡bi
g‡a¨ Xz‡K IB †fvUwU wb‡Ri c‡ÿ †bIqv―IB †fvUwU cvIqv wbwðZ Kiv|
Z‡e wbe©vP‡b wRZ‡Z n‡j Gme †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii mevi †fvU (cvIqv)
cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv (†KDB †Kv‡bv w`b Zv cv‡ebI bv)| †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì
(hviv †gvU †fvUv‡ii 30 kZvsk) 56 kZvsk †fvU (hv †gvU †fv‡Ui 16
kZvsk) whwb cv‡eb wZwbB wRZ‡eb| KviY, eo `‡ji cÖwZØ›Øx cÖv_©x‡ì
cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki nv‡Z Ò`jxq AbyMZÓ †fvU wn‡m‡e BwZg‡a¨ 30 kZvsk †fvU
wiRvf© Av‡Q (wRZ‡Z jvM‡e 46 kZvsk †fvU)| KvRwU Av‡`Š mij‰iwLK
bq| KvRwU RwUj I KwVb| †Kb? m¤¢vebv¸‡jv †Kgb?
†`‡k 30 kZvsk †fvUvi Av‡Qb, hviv Ò`jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi bbÓ A_ev
hviv Ò`jxq ¯’vqx †fvUvi bbÓ, hviv ÒGLbI Zv‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ P‚ovšÍ
K‡ibwbÓ, A_ev hviv Òeo `yB `‡ji †Kv‡bv `‡ji cÖv_©x‡K †fvU †`‡eb,
†m wel‡q GLbI fve‡Qb, GLbI gbw¯’i K‡ibwbÓ―Gme †fvUviB †fvU
jovB‡qi bvqK| KviY, G‡ì †fvU w`‡qB weRq (civRq) wbwðZ n‡e|
wRZ‡eb wZwb, whwb G‡ì 56 kZvsk †fvU cv‡eb| Gme †fvUv‡ii gb
Rq Ki‡ZB miKvwi (AvIqvgx jxM) I we‡ivax `jxq (weGbwc) cÖv_©xiv
†gvUvgywU 9 ¸”Q wel‡q e³e¨ nvwRi Ki‡eb| †fvUv‡ii g‡b Gme e³‡eï
m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve †Kgb n‡e m¤¢eZ Zv w`‡qB wba©vwiZ/wbwðZ n‡e †fvUvi †Kvb
w`‡K hv‡eb, Kv‡K †fvU †`‡eb| †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì g‡b 9 ¸”Q Gme
e³‡eï m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve-cÖwZwµqv †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i, Zv wb‡P DÌvcb KiwQ
(ms‡ÿcwPÎ mviwY 3-G †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q)|
Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi cÖv_©xiv me‡P †ewk
†h welq wb‡q cÖPvi Ki‡eb, Zv n‡jv ÒDbœqbÓ, hvi g‡a¨ _vK‡e wewfbœ
AeKvVv‡gv, †gMv cÖ‡R±-cÙv †mZz I XvKvi †g‡Uªv‡ijmn Ab¨vb¨, N‡i N‡i
we`y¨r, mve©Rbxb †cbkb BZ¨vw`| m¤¢eZ ÒDbœqbÓ cÖm½B n‡e Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi m‡e©v”P ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wbe©vPbx †KŠkj| Dbœqbg~jK Kg©KvÐ
wb‡q AvIqvgx jxM ej‡e Gme K‡i Zviv Dbœq‡bi MwZ evwo‡q‡Q, †`‡ki
fwel¨r A_©‰bwZK Dbœq‡bi wfwË M‡o Zz‡j‡Q; ej‡e fwel¨‡Zi kw³kvjx
A_©bxwZi Rb¨ GmeB n‡jv ÒDbœqb AZ¨vðh©Ó; Z_¨cÖgvYmn †evSv‡bvi †Póv
Ki‡e †Kvb †gMv cÖ‡R± w`‡q RbM‡Yi Kx Ges KZ ai‡bi jvf n‡q‡Q
I fwel¨‡Z n‡e| †gMv cÖ‡R±wfwËK Dbœqb fvebvi cw_K…r Ges mdj
ev¯ÍevqbKvix wn‡m‡e AvIqvgx jxM cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv‡K g‡Wj wn‡m‡e

Dc¯’vcb Ki‡e| †gMv cÖ‡R±mn A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb cÖm‡½ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi
Ae¯’vb n‡e h‡_ó gvÎvq cÖZ¨qx, MÖnY‡hvM¨ Ges †ÿÎwe‡k‡l AvµgYvZ¥K|
G ai‡bi Ae¯’v‡bi †cQ‡b `y‡Uv KviY KvR Ki‡e: (1) AvIqvgx jxM
miKvi Gme KvR ev¯Í‡eB K‡i‡Q―hv `„k¨gvb, (2) AvIqvgx jxM Rv‡b †h
cÖwZcÿ weGbwc Gme wb‡q h‡_ó gvÎvq cÖwZ-AvµgY Ki‡e| weGbwc―
Gme †gMv cÖ‡R‡±i mgv‡jvPbv K‡i hv-hv ej‡e Zvi g‡a¨ _vK‡e: IBme
cÖ‡R‡± AwZwi³ e¨q Kiv n‡q‡Q, UvKv †jvcvU Kiv n‡q‡Q―`yb©xwZ
n‡q‡Q-gvÎvwZwi³, Gme `yb©xwZ K‡i kvmK‡Mvôx Kv‡jvUvKv evwb‡q‡Q Ges
Zv we‡`‡k cvPvi K‡i‡Q, IBme cÖ‡R± wQj AcÖ‡qvRbxq, †gMv cÖ‡R‡±i
Rb¨ †bIqv ê‡`wkK FY cwi‡kva Ki‡Z †`k dwKi n‡q hv‡e, we`y¨r
hLb ìKvi ZLb _v‡K bv―†jvW‡kwWs AwZwi³, we`y¨‡Zi `vg AZ¨waK,
we`y¨r UvKv evbv‡bvi †KŠkj (weGbwc Zv‡ì e³e¨ cÖgv‡Y wKQz wn‡mecËiI
†`‡e)| †gMv cÖ‡R±mn A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb welqvw` wb‡q AvIqvgx jxM I
weGbwc m¤ú~Y© wecixZgyLx †h K_vevZ©v ej‡e/e³e¨ †`‡e Zv †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ì (30 kZvsk †fvUvi) wm×všÍ MÖnYcÖwµqvq Kx ai‡bi cÖfve
†dj‡e? m¤¢eZ †ewki fvM †gMv cÖ‡R‡±i †ÿ‡ÎB Zv n‡e wgkÖ| Avi Gi A_©
n‡Z cv‡i―†fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ P‚ovšÍKi‡Y Gme †Zgb †Kv‡bv
cÖfve †dj‡e bv (†ewki fv‡Mi Kv‡Q Gme n‡Z cv‡i ÒAv`vi e¨vcvixi
Rvnv‡Ri Lei ivLvi g‡ZvÓ)| Z‡e G †ÿ‡Î e¨wZµg n‡Z cv‡i ÒcÙv †mZz
†gMv cÖ‡R±Ó, hvi cÖfve co‡Z cv‡i †`‡ki `wÿY-`wÿY cwðgvÂ‡ji 19
†Rjvi 68wU Avm‡b―cÖfv‡ei MwZgyL n‡e AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ (welqwU
c‡i ejwQ)| Z‡e ÒcÙv †mZzÓ †h‡nZz 68wU Avm‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ
cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i, †m‡nZz ÒcÙv †mZzÓ cÖm‡½ weGbwci g~j K_v n‡e
Ò`yb©xwZÓ†Kw›`ªK| ÒcÙv †mZz gvby‡li DcKv‡i Avm‡QÓ―G K_v weGbwc
Lye †ewk D”PviY Ki‡e bv| Z‡e cÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK `yb©xwZ-AcP‡qi K_v
weGbwc‡K ej‡ZB n‡e AšÍZ G Kvi‡YI †h cÙv †mZzi mivmwi DcKvi‡fvMx
AÂ‡ji 68wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 16wU Avmb weGbwci ÒwfwË AvmbÓ (mviwY 1
†`Lyb) †hme Avmb †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB weGbwc nviv‡Z PvB‡e bv|
mviwY 3: 2024 wbe©vP‡b K‡qKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wel‡q eo `j (AvIqvgx jxM

I weGbwc) †hme e³e¨ wb‡q nvwRi n‡eb Ges Zv Ò†`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ìÓ (hv‡ì †fv‡U Rq-civRq wbwðZ n‡e) †fvU cÖ`vb
wm×v‡šÍ m¤¢ve¨ Kx ai‡bi cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i
†`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ì †fvU
e³e¨ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi weGbwci e³e¨
cÖ`vb wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi
welq¸”Q e³e¨ (Ae¯’vb) (Ae¯’vb)
Ici m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve/
cÖwZwµqv
1| Dbœqbg~jK [m‡e©v”P ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mgv‡jvPbv ‒ `wÿY `wÿY
Kg©KvÐ: welq wn‡m‡e Ki‡e: AwZwi³ cwðgvÂ‡ji
(†gMv we‡ePbv Kiv n‡Z A_© e¨q, 68wU Avm‡b
cÖ‡R±) cv‡i] `yb©xwZ-jyyUcvU, cÙv †mZzi
AeKvVv‡gv, e¨vL¨v-we‡kølYmn AcÖ‡qvRbxqZv cÖfve _vK‡e―
cÙv †mZz, †`‡ki Dbœq‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi
†g‡Uªv‡ij, AeKvVv‡gvi c‡ÿ
Uv‡bj, Ae`vb I ‒ †`v`yj¨gvb
we`y¨r, miKv‡ii f‚wgKv; †fvUviiv Dbœqb
mvgvwRK cÙv †mZz wel‡q Kg©Kv‡Ð †kL
wbivcËv, †Rvi; AZx‡Zi nvwmbvi †hvM¨Zv-
mve©Rbxb mv‡_ Zzjbv; `ÿZv ¯^xKvi
†cbkb Dbœq‡b †kL Ki‡eb, Z‡e
BZ¨w` nvwmbvi g‡Wj I Zv Zv‡ì †fvU
†bZ…Z¡; weGbwc cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ
kvmbvg‡ji `yb©xwZ †Zgb cÖfve
†dj‡e bv
2| mvgwóK Z_¨wfwËK AvMÖvmx- †`v`yj¨gvb
A_©bxwZ: K_vevZ©v: 2006 AvµgYvZ¥K †fvUvi‡ì †fvU
†gvU †`kR mvj‡K wfwË Ae¯’vb; Zjvbx‡Z cÖ`vb wm×všÍ †Zgb
Drcv`b a‡i DbœwZi K_v A_©bxwZ; †Kv‡bv cÖfve †dj‡e
(wRwWwc), ej‡e; †Kv‡bv A_©‰bwZK bv
cÖe„w×, †Kv‡bv †ÿ‡Î eë¯’vcbvq
ev‡RU, AvZ¥iÿvg~jK; A`ÿZv
ê‡`wkK êwk^K cwiw¯’wZmn
gy`ªvi ivwkqv-BD‡µb
wiRvf©, hy×‡K `vqx Kiv;
cÖevmx Avq, `ÿ A_©‰bwZK
UvKvi eë¯’vcbv
mviwY 3... Pjgvb

wewbgq
nvi,
Avg`vwb-
ißvwb,
†Ljvcx FY
3| `yb©xwZ, weGbwci kvmbvgj AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †`v`yj¨gvb
Kv‡jvUvKv, wQj `yb©xwZ‡Z kvmbvg‡j †fvUvi‡ì †fvU
A_©cvPvi wek^P¨vw¤úqb `yb©xwZ n‡q‡Q cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ †Zgb
(Pig AvµgYvZ¥K me©MÖvmx (Pig †Kv‡bv cÖfve †dj‡e
Ae¯’vb) AvµgYvZ¥K bv
Ae¯’vb)
4| êlg¨- (ej‡e) êlg¨ (ej‡e) †`v`yj¨gvb
`vwi`ª¨ K‡g‡Q (D`vniY meai‡bi †fvUvi‡ì †fvU
†Ìqv n‡e êlg¨ †e‡o‡Q cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ
wewfbœ mvgvwRK (Avq, wkÿv, mivmwi †Zgb
wbivcËv‡eóbx ¯^v¯’¨, Avevmb); cÖfve †dj‡e bv|
Kg©m~wPi); `vwi`ª¨ (ej‡e) `yb©xwZ- cÖfve n‡Z cv‡i
n«v‡m cwimsL¨vb AbvPvi êlg¨ `ªe¨g~‡jï EaŸ©MwZi
†Ìqv n‡e evwo‡q‡Q Kvi‡Y m„ó êlg¨-
`vwi`ª¨mswkøó
5| `ªe¨g~j¨ I m¤¢eZ A¯^xKvi [m‡e©v”P ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †`v`yj¨gvb
RxebhvÎv Ki‡e bv; (ej‡e) welq wn‡m‡e †fvUvi‡ì †fvU
(`ªe¨g~‡jï Gme êwk^K we‡ePbv Kiv cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ
EaŸ©MwZ I welq, ivwkqv- n‡Z cv‡i] h‡_ó gvÎvq cÖfve
RxebhvÎvi BD‡µb hy× eo (ej‡e) †dj‡e―cÖfve
e¨q e„w×) KviY; fZz©wK w`‡q g~j¨ùxwZi _vK‡e―weGbwci
†LvjvevRv‡i Kg miKvwi c‡ÿ|
`v‡g Lv`¨cY¨ cwimsL¨vb åvšÍ; (¯^íg~‡j¨
wewµ; Ab¨vb¨ g~j¨ùxwZ 30 wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRbxq
A‡bK †`‡ki kZvk; miKvi †fvM¨c‡Yï
Zzjbvq g~j¨ùxwZ m„ó wmwÛ‡KUB mieivn―cÖfve
Kg (mvg‡b Av‡iv `ªe¨g~j¨ e„w×i _vK‡e AvIqvgx
Kg‡e); weGbwc- KviY, Gme jx‡Mi c‡ÿ|
RvgvqvZ †RvU wmwÛ‡KU †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y
miKv‡ii Avg‡j wRwb‡mi `vg `ªe¨g~‡jï EaŸ©©MwZ
`ªe¨g~j¨ wmwÛ‡KU evwo‡q jyU Ki‡Q †iva K‡i Zv
Avi jy‡Ui UvKv gvby‡li µqmxgvi
cvPvi g‡a¨ Avb‡Z cvi‡j
mviwY 3... Pjgvb

Ki‡Q; miKv‡ii G cÖfve mgxKiY

Avw_©K eë¯’vcbv cv‡ë †h‡Z cv‡i|
A‡hvM¨-A`ÿ- †m‡ÿ‡Î wKQz cÖfve
`yb©xwZevR- _vK‡e AvIqvgx
`jxq (miKvi jx‡Mi c‡ÿ)
cwieZ©bB
GKgvÎ mgvavb)
6| gvbe Òcwiw¯’wZ fv‡jvÓ ‒ (Ae¯’vb †`v`yj¨gvb

wbivcËv: †`Lv‡Z hv ejvi n‡e) Pig †fvUvi‡ì
AvBbk„•Ljv, mewKQz ej‡e; mgv‡jvPbvg~jK- †fvUcÖ`vb
gvbevwaKvi, wePvi wefvM AvµgYvZ¥K| wm×v‡šÍ gvbe
(miKvwi) ¯^vaxb―G‡Z (ej‡e) wbivcËvi `y‡Uv
kvmb ms¯‹…wZ miKv‡ii nvZ ¸g-Lyb-gvgjv, w`K (e¨w³MZ-
†bB; hZUzKy webv wePv‡i cvwievwiK
Òg›`Ó Zv weGbwc- KvivMvi; wbivcËv Ges
Rvgvqv‡Zi Kvi‡Y; fqven-`vbexq- Avq-DcvR©bMZ
hy×vcivaxmn d¨vwm÷ miKvi; wbivcËv) wewfbœ
mswkøó Acivax‡ì ivR‰bwZK gvÎvq cÖfve
wePvi I wePv‡i cÖwZwnsmv; †dj‡Z cv‡i|
evav; weGbwc- cÖkvmb- cÖfv‡ei MwZgyyL n‡e
Rvgvqv‡Zi wePvieë¯’vi weGbwci c‡ÿ
AwMœmš¿vmmn `jxqKiY; Gme
AMYZš¿x I mš¿vmx Kvi‡Y gvwK©b
AvPiY m¨vskb; ivóª
†givgZ
7| cÖhyw³‡Kw›`ªK (ej‡e) cÖhyw³ (ej‡e) AvIqvgx †`v`yj¨gvb

mnRjf¨ Kiv jxM miKv‡ii †fvUvi‡ì
n‡q‡Q, wWwRUvj AbyMZiv cÖhyw³ †fvUcÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ
evsjv‡`k, ¯§vU© eëmv K‡i‡Q; Lye KgB cÖfve
evsjv‡`k| wWwRUvj wWfvBW †dj‡e―¯^ígvÎvi
weGbwci Avg‡j I êlg¨, e¨½- cÖfv‡ei MwZgyL
cÖhyw³ wb‡q we`ªæc Ki‡Z n‡e AvIqvgx jx‡Mi
GK‡PwUqv eëmv cv‡i c‡ÿ
Kiv n‡q‡Q
mviwY 3... Pjgvb

8| 2014 I (ej‡e) RvZxq (ej‡e) 2018- †`v`yj¨gvb

2018-Gi msm` wbe©vP‡b †Z †Kv‡bv †fvUvi †fvUvi‡ì †fvU
RvZxq AskMÖnY MYZš¿ †fvU †`bwb; cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ †ek
msm` mgybœZ Kivi †fvUviwenxb cÖfve †dj‡e|
wbe©vPb cÖavb `vwqZ¡; wbe©vPb, cy‡iv †hme †fvUvi †fvU
mvsweavwbK wbe©vPb wQj w`‡Z cv‡ibwb―
evaëvaKZv; ÒB‡jKkb (we‡kl K‡i cÖ_
GKevi wbe©vP‡b BwÄwbqvwisÓ; gevi I wØZxqevi
bv G‡m Av‡iKevi cÖkvmb-cywjk †fvUvi‡ì
wbe©vP‡b G‡m wbe©vPb K‡i †ÿ‡Î)―Zv‡ì
eR©b Kiv―Gme w`‡q‡Q; MYZš¿ †ÿ‡Î A‡bK cÖfve
AMYZvwš¿K; nZ¨v Kiv _vK‡Z cv‡i|
wbe©vP‡b †fvUvi n‡q‡Q―(ej‡e) cÖfv‡ei MwZgyL n‡e
AskMÖnY K‡i‡Q; Gme d¨vwmev‡ì weGbwci c‡ÿ
wbe©vP‡b †Kv‡bv jÿY
†fvU KviPzwc
nqwb; weGbwc fzqv
†fvUvi K‡iwQj
9| m¨vskb m¨vskb‡K my‡hvM cy‡iv `vqx Ki‡e †`v`yj¨gvb
(gvwK©b wfmv wn‡m‡e wb‡q G AvIqvgx jxM †fvUvi‡ì †fvU
wb‡lavÁv) wel‡q RvZxq miKvi‡K| cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ
(Bmiv‡q‡ji GKvZ¥‡eva- (ej‡e) myôz h‡_ógvÎvq cÖfve
c¨v‡j÷vBb RvZxq RvMiY wbe©vPb bv K‡i †dj‡Z cv‡i|
AvµgY- m„wói †KŠkj| †fvUviwenxb m¨vskb‡K my‡hvM
c¨v‡j÷vB‡bi G‡ÿ‡Î 1971- wbe©vPb, wn‡m‡e †`‡L RvZxq
weiæ‡× hy×: Gi gyw³hy× †_‡K ivR‰bwZK GKvZ¥Zv-RvZxq
Ôm¨vskbÕ ïiæ K‡i G ch©šÍ cÖwZwnsmv, RvMiY m„wó Ki‡Z
†KŠk‡ji gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi `yb©xwZ, cvi‡j welqwU
Ask n‡ZI miKvi KLb- gvbevwaKvi h‡_ógvÎvq AvIqvgx
cv‡i, bvI †Kb evsjv‡`‡ki j•Nb, cÖkvmb- jx‡Mi c‡ÿ †h‡Z
cv‡i) weiæ‡× Ae¯’vb wePvi `jxqKiY, cv‡i (G m¤¢vebv
wb‡q‡Q, Zv miKv‡ii Ag~jK bvI n‡Z
Zz‡j ai‡e| d¨vwmev`x cv‡i)
RbM‡Yi Ici PwiÎ―GmeB
gvwK©b m¨vsk‡bi gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi
m¤¢ve¨ meai‡bi m¨vskb †Ìqvi
†bwZevPK cÖfve g~j KviY|
Ges Zv
mviwY 3... Pjgvb

†gvKvwejvi c_ euvP‡Z n‡j

wb‡q ej‡e| miKvi cwieZ©b
(ej‡e) Bivb- Riæwi; evuP‡Z
Biv‡K gvwK©b n‡j ivóª †givgZ
m¨vsk‡bi K_v, Riæwi| m¨vskb-
ev` co‡e †Kw›`ªK gvwK©b
bv wjweqv- hy³iv‡óªi
AvdMvwb¯Ívb- weiæ‡× †Kv‡bv
c¨v‡j÷vBb| e³e¨ _vK‡e
(†KŠkjwU bv| Bmiv‡qj-
n‡e GKBmv‡_ c¨v‡j÷vBb
mv¤ªvRëv`we‡ivax, hy× wb‡q gvwK©b
RvZxqZvev`x hy³iv‡óªi
Ges ag©xq Ae¯’v‡bi weiæ‡×
Av‡eMvbyf‚wZ- ej‡e bv|
wfwËK)
ê‡`wkK gy`ªvi wiRvf©, cÖevmx Avq (†iwgU¨vÝ), Wjv‡ii wecix‡Z UvKvi

wewbgq nvi, Avg`vwb-ißvwb, RvZxq ev‡RU, †gvU †`kR Drcv`b
(wRwWwc), cÖe„w×, †Ljvwc FY―A_©bxwZi eo eo Gme welq wb‡q `yB
cÿB A‡bK wKQz ej‡e| wRwWwc, cÖe„w×, ev‡RU―Gme wel‡q AvIqvgx
jxM QK Gu‡K †`Lv‡e †h weGbwci kvmbvg‡ji Zzjbvq Zv‡ì Avg‡j A‡bK
†ewk DbœwZ n‡q‡Q| 2006 mvj‡K wfwËeQi a‡i mwPÎ DbœwZwPÎ †`Lv‡e|
Avi ê‡`wkK gy`ªvi wiRvf©, cÖevmx Avq, UvKvi wewbgq nvi, Avg`vwb-
ißvwb―Gm‡ei wb¤œgyLx cÖeYZv ¯^xKvi K‡i AvIqvgx jxM ej‡e †h G
cÖeYZv êwk^K Ges ivwkqv-BD‡µb hy‡×i d‡j Ae¯’vi AebwZ n‡q‡Q|
Z‡e Z_¨cÖgvYmn AvIqvgx jxM ej‡e: ÒGZ wKQzi c‡iI Avgv‡ì Ae¯’v
Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK †`‡ki Zzjbvq fv‡jv Ges Zv A_©‰bwZK Dbœqb eë¯’vcbvq
Avgv‡ì `ÿZvi cwiPq enb K‡i|Ó myZivs mvgwóK A_©bxwZi wewfbœ wel‡q
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Ae¯’vb n‡e GKB mv‡_ AvMÖvmx Ges AvZ¥iÿvg~jK| Avi
Gi cvkvcvwk A_©bxwZi eo eo welq wb‡q weGbwci Ae¯’vb n‡e cy‡iv`¯‘i
AvµgYvZ¥K-gvigyLx| weGbwc―†hme wel‡q me‡P †ewk AvµgYvZ¥K n‡e,
Zv n‡jv―ê‡`wkK gy`ªvi wiRvf© K‡g Avmv, cÖevmx Avq (†iwgU¨vÝ) K‡g
Avmv, Wjv‡ii wecix‡Z UvKvi g~j¨gvb cZb, †Ljvwc (e¨vsK) FY †e‡o
hvIqv, Avg`vwb-ißvwb cwiw¯’wZi AebwZ| Gme wel‡q AvµgYvZ¥K e³e¨
w`‡q weGbwc †evSv‡Z PvB‡e †h †`‡ki A_©‰bwZK Ae¯’v †kvPbxq-Zjvbx‡Z

Ges G Rb¨ AvIqvgx jxM miKviB `vqx; (ej‡e) fv‡jv Ki‡Z n‡j GB
miKvi ivLv hv‡e bv| mvgwóK A_©bxwZi welqvw` wb‡q weGbwc-AvIqvgx
jxM hv ej‡e, Zvi mZ¨Zv hv-B †nvK bv †Kb Ò`jxq AbyMZ †fvUviÓ‡ì
(30 kZvsk weGbwc, 30 kZvsk AvIqvgx jxM, 10 kZvsk Ab¨vb¨ `j)
†fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ Gm‡ei †Kv‡bvB f‚wgKv _vK‡e bv| KviY `jxq AbyMZ
†fvUvi, weavq Zviv †Zv †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB Zv‡ì ¯^-¯^ †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ
cwieZ©b Ki‡eb bv (Zviv wbw`©ó `‡ji cÖv_©x‡KB †fvU †`‡eb)| g~j cÖkœUv
Ab¨Î| cÖkœUv n‡jv―mvgwóK A_©bxwZi MwZ-cÖK…wZ cÖeYZvmswkøó Gme
e³e¨ †mBme †fvUv‡ii †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍMÖn‡Y KZUzKz cÖfve ivL‡e, hviv
Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ A_©vr hviv Ò`jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi bbÓ, hviv ÒGLbI
P‚ovšÍ wm×všÍ †bbwb †h `yB `‡ji g‡a¨ †Kvb `‡ji cÖv_©x‡K †fvU †`‡ebÓ?
m¤¢vebvUv m¤¢eZ G iKg: mvgwóK A_©bxwZi welqvw`, GgbwK e¨vsK FY
†Ljvwc †e‡o hvIqv A_ev ê‡`wkK gy`ªvi wiRvf© K‡g hvIqvi g‡Zv welq hv
gvbyl Rv‡b Ges wek^vm K‡i, Zv IBme †fvUv‡ii †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ †Zgb
†Kv‡bv f‚wgKv ivL‡e bv (A_ev wm×všÍ cwieZ©‡b †Kv‡bv f‚wgKv ivL‡e
bv)| KviY, IBme †fvUv‡ii †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ wbqvgK f‚wgKv ivLvi
g‡Zv Ab¨ AviI A‡bK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq ev d¨v±i Av‡Q, hv Zv‡ì Rxeb-
RxweKvi mv‡_ mivmwi m¤úwK©Z―†hgb `ªe¨g~j¨, wbivcËv, Kg©ms¯’vb
BZ¨vw`| GLv‡b e‡j ivLv ìKvi †h, ê‡`wkK gy`ªvi wiRvf© K‡g Avmv
A_ev †iwgU¨vÝ K‡g Avmv A_ev ê‡`wkK gy`ªvi wecix‡Z UvKvi `vg K‡g
Avmv―Gm‡ei mv‡_ †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍi †Zgb
†Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB| †hgb GLb †_‡K `yB eQi Av‡M Avgv‡ì ê‡`wkK
gy`ªvi wiRvf© wQj cÖvq 46 wewjqb Wjvi, hv GLb wØ¸Y K‡g 22-23 wewjqb
Wjv‡i †V‡K‡Q| Gi A_© wK GB †h ê‡`wkK gy`ªvi wiRvf© wØ¸Y Kgvi
Kvi‡Y †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì g‡a¨ miKv‡ii †fvU wØ¸Y K‡g wM‡q‡Q? hw`
ZvB-B nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î ê‡`wkK gy`ªvi wecix‡Z UvKvi g~j¨gvb Kg‡j †Zv
miKvi`jxq cÖv_©x G Kvi‡Y †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †ekwKQz AwZwi³ †fvU
†c‡q hv‡eb; KviY Gme †fvUvi‡ì cÖvq 20 kZvsk we‡`k †_‡K Zv‡ì
AwffveK-mšÍvbvw`‡ì †cÖwiZ †iwgU¨vÝ †fvM K‡ib (†hLv‡b Av‡Mi mgvb
ê‡`wkK gy`ªvq GLb Av‡Mi †P‡q Kgc‡ÿ 20 kZvsk †ewk evsjv‡`wk UvKv
cvIqv hvq)|
ÒNyl-`yb©xwZ-Kv‡jvUvKv-A_©cvPviÓ m¤¢eZ Avgv‡ì †`‡k me‡P †ewk

Av‡jvwPZ welq Ges Zv bZzb bq| Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM-weGbwc
Dfq cÿ G wel‡q wewfbœgyLx AvµgYvZ¥K e³e¨ nvwRi Ki‡eb| Dfq cÿ

G‡K Ab¨‡K mxgvnxb `yb©xwZevR cÖgv‡Y m‡Pó n‡eb| AvIqvgx jxM ej‡e,
weGbwci kvmbvg‡j evsjv‡`k wQj `yb©xwZ‡Z wek^ P¨vw¤úqb―GKvwaKevi;
LuywU-Lv¤^v, nvIqv feb, †gvevBj †dv‡bi GK‡PwUqv eëmv, `ªe¨g~j¨
wmwÛ‡KU―Gme D`vniY †Ìqv n‡e| Avi weGbwc ej‡e ÒNyl-`yb©xwZ-
jyU-A_©cvPvi-Kv‡jvUvKvÓ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi kvmbvg‡j me©MÖvmx iƒc wb‡q‡Q;
Zviv myBm e¨vsKmn Ab¨vb¨ Drm D×…Z K‡i AvIqvgx jx‡Mi kvmbvg‡j
Nyl-`yb©xwZ-Kv‡jvUvKv-A_©cvPv‡ii wn‡mecËi w`‡Z cv‡i| †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUviiv Nyl-`yb©xwZ-Kv‡jvUvKv-A_©cvPvimswkøó `yÕc‡ÿi e³e¨ ï‡b Kv‡K
†fvU †`‡eb? Zviv wK Zv‡K †fvU †`‡eb, whwb Kg `yb©xwZevR? m¤¢eZ Gme
n‡e bv| KviY ev¯ÍeZv n‡jv GB †h †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi `yB `‡ji cÖv_©xi
g‡a¨ †d‡ikZv †Luv‡Rb bv; wZwb †Luv‡Rb Ggb GKRb‡K, hv‡K wZwb Zvi
wb‡Ri ev Zvi cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡ì wbivcËvnxbZvi KviY e‡j g‡b K‡ib
bv A_ev wec‡`-Avc‡` hvi Kv‡Q †h‡Z cvi‡eb (A_ev †h‡Z cv‡ib e‡j
g‡b K‡ib) A_ev g‡b K‡ib †h Zv‡K †fvU w`‡j Avgvi iæwUiæwRi Ae¯’v
Lvivc n‡e bv A_ev AviI Lvivc n‡e bv, A_ev GKUz fv‡jv n‡jI n‡Z
cv‡i| GBme †fvUvi Lye fv‡jvfv‡eB Rv‡bb †h, cÖv_©xiv wbe©vPb Dcj‡ÿ
A‡bK A_© e¨q K‡ib| †fvUviiv m¤¢eZ GUvI g‡b K‡ib †h cÖv_©xiv †fvU‡K
†K›`ª K‡i (g‡bvbqb cvIqv †_‡K ïiæ K‡i) †h †KvwU †KvwU UvKv e¨q
K‡ib, Zv Òe¨q bq wewb‡qvMÓ; Avi wewb‡qvMK…Z A_© Zz‡j Avbv A_ev
my‡` Avm‡j Dmyj KivUv A¯^vfvweK wKQz bq| GgbUv wK A¯^vfvweK-Aev¯Íe
†h GKRb †fvUvi `yRb cÖwZØ›Øx cÖv_©xi g‡a¨ Ggb GKRb‡K †fvU w`‡Z
gbw¯’i Ki‡jb, whwb ÒZvi Rb¨ Zzjbvg~jK Kg ÿwZKi, wKš‘ Ab¨ cÖv_©xi
Zzjbvq (Zvi Rvbvg‡Z) A‡bK †ewk `yb©xwZevR-AmrÓ? GgbUvI †Zv Lye
Aev¯Íe bq, hLb †`Lv hvq †h †ewki fvM Avm‡b AwZ mr e¨w³ AwZ Kg
†fvU cvb| myZivs †kl wePv‡i cÖv_©xi Ô`yb©xwZÕ mswkøóZvi mv‡_ †fvUv‡ii
(†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi A_ev `jxq-AbyMZ †fvUvi †hB-B †nvK bv †Kb) †fvU
cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍi †Zgb †Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB|
Ò`ªe¨g~‡jï EaŸ©MwZ I RxebhvÎvi e¨q e„w×Ó―m¤¢eZ G gyn~‡Z© RbRxe‡bi

Kó-`y`©kvi me‡P eo KviY| Ò`ªe¨g~‡jï EaŸ©MwZ I RxebhvÎvi e¨q e„w×Ó
GLb Ggb iƒc wb‡q‡Q †h `wi`ª-wb¤œweË-wb¤œga¨weË -ga¨ga¨weËwbwe©‡k‡l
mevB-B cwievi cwiPvj‡b AwZgvÎvq ch©y`¯Í| GivB wKš‘ 95 kZvsk
†fvUvi| G‡ì A‡b‡KB ÒbZzb-`wi`ªÓ (New Poor)| wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRbxq
Lv`¨mn (Pvj, AvUv, Wvj, mqvweb †Zj, Avjy, kvKmewR, gvQ, gvsm, wWg)
Lv`ëwnf‚©Z (evmv fvov, we`y¨r-M¨vm-cvwb, IlyacËi, wkÿv, hvbevnb-

hvZvqvZ) mewKQzi `vg D”P nv‡i †e‡o‡Q; wKš‘ gvby‡li Avq ev‡owb| GmeB
kni-MÖvgwbwe©‡k‡l me eq‡mi me †fvUv‡ii †ÿ‡ÎB cÖ‡hvR¨| Ò`ªe¨g~‡jï
EaŸ©MwZ Ges RxebhvÎvi e¨q e„w×Ói Kvi‡Y †fvUv‡ii gb LyeB Lvivc,
LyeB fvivµvšÍ; Zv‡ì g‡b R‡g‡Q Mfxi †ÿvf, ivM, nZvkv, Awek^vm,
Abv¯’v| welqwU ÿgZvmxb AvIqvgx jxM m¤¢eZ A¯^xKvi Ki‡e bv| Z‡e
wKQzUv AvZ¥iÿvg~jK †KŠkj wb‡q ej‡e †h, welqwU wekê¨vcx NU‡Q Avi
ivwkqv-BD‡µb hy× Gm‡e cÖfve‡Ki KvR Ki‡Q; (ej‡e) A‡bK UvKv
fZz©wK w`‡q miKvi ¯^íg~‡j¨ †LvjvevRv‡i Lv`¨cY¨ wewµ Ki‡Q; GKB mv‡_
ej‡e †h, Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK †`‡ki Zzjbvq Avgv‡ì g~j¨ùxwZ Kg (mvg‡b
Av‡iv Kg‡e); Ggb K_vI ej‡e (ej‡Z cv‡i) †h `ªe¨g~j¨ e„w×i Rb¨
`vqx wmwÛ‡KU Avm‡j we‡ivax‡ìB m„wó Ges Zv PµvšÍg~jK-lohš¿g~jK|
Avi Gm‡ei wecix‡Z weGbwci Rb¨ Ò`ªe¨g~‡jï EaŸ©MwZ I RxebhvÎvi
e¨q e„w×Ó―welqwU n‡Z cv‡i Zv‡ì wbe©vPbx cÖPviYvq m‡e©v”P ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
wbe©vPbx-†KŠkj| G wb‡q weGbwci †KŠkj n‡e cy‡ivcywi AvµgYvZ¥K; G
wb‡q Zviv GKPzjI Qvo †`‡e bv| weGbwc ej‡e †h, g~j¨ùxwZ Avm‡j
10 kZvsk bq Zv n‡e Kgc‡ÿ 30 kZvsk; ej‡e GmeB wmwÛ‡K‡Ui
KvR, hviv miKvim„ó ÒAvIqvgx jx‡Mi wmwÛ‡KUÓ; (ej‡e) Giv `vg
evwo‡q RbM‡Yi c‡KU KvU‡Q Avi jy‡Ui UvKv we‡`‡k cvPvi Ki‡Q (Zviv
cvPv‡ii wn‡mecËi w`‡q †`‡e); (ej‡e) `ªe¨g~j¨mn gvby‡li Rxeb-
RxweKvmswkøó miKv‡ii Avw_©K eë¯’vcbv `yb©xwZ‡Z cwic~Y©―miKvi e¨_©;
(ej‡e) miKv‡ii cwieZ©bB n‡Z cv‡i Gme mgm¨vi GKgvÎ mgvavb; Avi
Gm‡ei mv‡_ hy³ Ki‡e gvwK©b m¨vskb Ges ivóª †givgZ ms¯‹vi welqvw`|
RbMY †h‡nZz ˆ`bw›`b Rxeb-RxweKvq `ªe¨g~j¨ e„w×i wkKvi-fz³‡fvMx,
†m‡nZz Zv‡ì Gme wek^vm bv Kivi †Kv‡bv KviY †bB| m¤¢eZ `ªeg~‡jï
EaŸ©MwZmswkøó welqB n‡e Gev‡ii (Avmbœ) wbe©vP‡b †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì
(hviv Ò`jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi bbÓ A_©vr Ò †hme †fvUvi Zv‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb
wm×všÍ GLbI P‚ovšÍ K‡ibwbÓ) †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ cÖfvevwš^Z Ki‡Z g~j
d¨v±i A_ev me‡P kw³kvjx d¨v±i (wbqvgK d¨v±i)| G gyn~‡Z© `ªe¨g~j¨
cwiw¯’wZ hv, ZvB-B hw` _v‡K †m‡ÿ‡Î †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviiv weGbwci w`‡K
SzuK‡e| Z‡e `ªe¨g~‡jï EaŸ©MwZmswkøó weGbwccÿxq G cÖfve kZ©nxb ev
wbi¼zk bvI n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb †hme `wi`ª-weËnxb-¯^íAvqx gvbyl miKv‡ii
cwiPvwjZ †LvjvevRv‡i LyPiv evRv‡ii Zzjbvq A‡cÿvK…Z Kg g~‡j¨ Pvj-
AvUv-mqvweb †Zj-wPwb †c‡q‡Qb, Zv‡ì g‡a¨ hviv †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi
(`jxq AbyMZ bb) Zviv wKš‘ G myweav-cÖZ¨vkv Ae¨vnZ ivL‡Z Zv‡ì
†fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ welqwU wb‡q fve‡eb| Avevi mvg‡bi K‡qK gv‡m―
wbe©vP‡bi Av‡M `ªe¨g~j¨ hw` `„k¨gvb K‡g (aiæb Pv‡ji †KwR hw` 60 UvKv
†_‡K K‡g 40 UvKv nq) Ges †fvUviiv hw` wek^vm K‡ib †h †fv‡Ui c‡i Zv
Avevi evo‡e bv, Zvn‡j `ªe¨g~‡jï EaŸ©MwZmswkøó †fvUvi‡ì gb cwieZ©b
Am¤¢e bvI n‡Z cv‡i| Avi †m‡ÿ‡Î `ªe¨g~j¨wbf©i †fv‡Ui GB gyn~‡Z©i
wn‡mecËi wKQzUv cv‡ë †h‡Z cv‡i| Gme m¤¢vebv Kg n‡jI n‡Z cv‡i,
Z‡e Zv Am¤¢e bq| †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviiv wKš‘ Zv‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ
P‚ovšÍKi‡Y †kl gyn~Z© ch©šÍ A‡cÿv K‡ib|
ÒAvBbk„•Ljv, gvbevwaKvi cwiw¯’wZ, kvmb ms¯‹…wZÓ―gvbe wbivcËvmswkøó

Gme welq w`‡q gvby‡li Rxeb-RxweKvi A‡bK wKQzB wbqwš¿Z nq| Gm‡ei DbœwZ
n‡j gvbyl nq‡Zv wKQz e‡j bv, Z‡e AebwZ n‡j Ges wZwb ev Zvi cwievi-
cwiRbmn NwbóRb‡ì †KD Gm‡ei wkKvi n‡j ev fz³‡fvMx n‡j―Zviv
gy‡L bv ej‡jI †fv‡U e‡jb| miKvi Avi we‡ivax`j Df‡qB Gme Lye fv‡jv
Rv‡b| †m Kvi‡YB ÒAvBbk„•Ljv, gvbevwaKvi, kvmb ms¯‹…wZÓ wb‡q miKvwi
`j (AvIqvgx jxM) Aek¨B ej‡e †h Òcwiw¯’wZ Lye fv‡jv―ÒAZx‡Zi Zzjbvq
A‡bK fv‡jvÓ, Avi GKB mv‡_ ej‡e †h hZUzKz ÒLvivc ev g›`Ó Zvi Rb¨
we‡ivax‡ì mš¿vmx AvPiY Ges K_vq K_vq we‡`wk‡ì Kv‡Q aiYv †Ìqv―
GmeB `vqx| miKvwi `j g‡b Kwi‡q †`‡e, weGbwc-Rvgvqv‡Zi AwMœmš¿vmmn
meai‡bi mš¿vmx AvPiY| GI ej‡e, ÒIiv ÿgZvq G‡j mš¿vmx Kg©KvÐ Ki‡e,
Avi Avgiv Kie DbœqbÓ| ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax‡ì Kg©KvÐ, hy×vcivax‡ì wePvi,
e½eÜz nZ¨vi wePvi, †kL nvwmbv‡K nZ¨vi lohš¿, †`‡k Rw½-mš¿vmx‡ì
AZxZ Kg©KvÐ, wePvi wefv‡Mi ¯^vaxbZv―m¤¢eZ GmeB miKvwi `‡ji
e³‡e¨ ¸iæZ¡ cv‡e| ÒAvBbk„•Ljv, gvbevwaKvi, kvmb ms¯‹…wZÓ Gme wel‡q
weGbwci e³e¨-Ae¯’vb n‡e Pig mgv‡jvPbvg~jK-AvµgYvZ¥K-AvMÖvmx| Zviv
†hme welq mvg‡b Avb‡e, Zvi g‡a¨ _vK‡e †bZvKg©x‡ì Ici gvgjv (85
jÿ gvgjvi K_v ej‡e), nvgjv, webv wePv‡i KvivMvi, ¸g-Lyb, ivR‰bwZK
cÖwZwnsmv, cÖkvmb `jxqKiY, AvBbk„•Ljveë¯’vi `jxqKiY, wePvieë¯’vi
`jxqKiY, d¨vwm÷ miKvi―Avi Gme Kvi‡YB gvwK©bx m¨vskb (wb‡lavÁv)
Ges ivóª †givgZ ms¯‹vi cÖ¯Íve| `yB c‡ÿi K_vevZ©v †fvUviiv ïb‡eb, MÖnY-
eR©b n‡e †fvUvi hv Rv‡b Ges wek^vm K‡i, Zv w`‡q| Gme e³‡e¨ †Kv‡bv
`‡jiB `jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ cwieZ©b n‡e bv| Z‡e
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì g‡b gvbe wbivcËvi `y‡Uv w`K ¸iæZ¡c~Y© n‡Z cv‡i:
(1) e¨w³MZ wbivcËv (wb‡Ri I cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡ì), (2) Avq-DcvR©bMZ
wbivcËv| †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y gvbe wbivcËvi GB

`yB welq cÖfve †dj‡e| DwÏó †fvUvi‡ì g‡b gvbe wbivcËv‡Kw›`ªK GB
cÖfv‡ei m¤¢ve¨ MwZgyL n‡Z cv‡i weGbwci c‡ÿ| Z‡e weGbwcgyLx G cÖeYZv
wbi¼zk n‡e bv| KviY miKv‡ii mvgvwRK wbivcËv‡eóbx Kg©m~wPi gva¨‡g
†hme gvbyl (bvix, cyiæl, cÖexY, QvÎQvÎx, cÖwZe›Øx) wewfbœ ai‡bi fvZv †fvM
K‡ib, Zv‡ì g‡a¨ †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi hviv `jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi bb, Zv‡ì
†fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ GmeB wKQzUv KvR Ki‡e| KviY mvgvwRK-A_©‰bwZK
wbivcËvmswkøó Gme Kg©KvÐ m½Z Kvi‡YB gvbyl ¸iæZ¡c~Y© g‡b K‡i|
Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b cÖhyw³‡Kw›`ªK welqvw` wb‡q AvIqvgx jx‡Mi cÖv_©xiv A‡bK

K_v ej‡eb| KviY G wb‡q Zv‡ì A‡bK ejvi Av‡Q| wWwRUvj evsjv‡`k
†_‡K ¯§vU© evsjv‡`‡ki K_v ejv n‡e| ejv n‡e cÖhyw³ mnRjf¨ Kivi K_v
Avi GKB mv‡_ ejv n‡e weGbwci kvmbvg‡j cÖhyw³ wb‡q GK‡PwUqv eëmvi
K_v| Avi weGbwc ej‡e, AvIqvgx jxM miKv‡ii kvmbvg‡j Zv‡ì `jxq
AbyMZ e¨w³iv cÖhyw³ wb‡q eëmv-evwYR¨ K‡i‡Q; ej‡e, wWwRUvj-wefvRb
I wWwRUvj êl‡gï K_v; ej‡e, cÖhyw³wbf©i eo eo cÖK‡í `yb©xwZi K_v|
cÖhyw³‡Kw›`ªK Gme K_vevZ©v †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ wKQz
cÖfve †dj‡jI †dj‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e Zv‡ì P‚ovšÍ wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y Gm‡ei cÖfve
n‡e LyeB Kg| cÖfv‡ei MwZgyL n‡e AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ|
Ò2014 I 2018-Gi RvZxq msm` wbe©vPbÓ―welqwU Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b

weGbwc Zv‡ì Ab¨Zg †fvU‡KŠkj wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Ki‡e| AvIqvgx jxM
ej‡e RvZxq msm` wbe©vPb Abyôvb mvsweavwbK evaëvaKZv Ges MYZš¿
mgybœZ ivLvi Rb¨ Aek¨ KiYxq―Avgiv †mUvB K‡iwQ| (ej‡e) Dfq
wbe©vP‡bB weGbwc †dBj K‡i‡Q―2014 mv‡j wbe©vP‡b Ask bv wb‡q, Avi
2018 mv‡j eR©b K‡i| AvIqvgx jxM Av‡iv hv ej‡e, Zvi g‡a¨ _vK‡e―
wbe©vP‡b h‡_ó cwigvY †fvUv‡ii Dcw¯’wZ I †fvU cÖ`vb, †Kv‡bv KviPzwc bv
nIqv, weGbwci fzqv †fvUvi evbv‡bv| Gm‡ei wecix‡Z 2014 I 2018-Gi
wbe©vPb wb‡q (we‡kl K‡i 2018 wbe©vPb wb‡q) cy‡ivcywi AvµgYvZ¥K Ae¯’vb
†_‡K weGbwc ej‡e― wbe©vPb e‡j †Kv‡bv wKQz nqwb, n‡q‡Q †fvUviwenxb
ÒB‡jKkb BwÄwbqvwisÓ―gvbyl Zvi cweÎ †fvU w`‡Z cv‡ibwb, wbe©vPbx
cÖwZôvb aŸsm Kiv n‡q‡Q, AvIqvgx jxM wbe©vPbx MYZš¿ nZ¨v K‡i‡Q|
weGbwc GI ej‡e †h, †`Lyb ÒgvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi miKvi †h m¨vskb (wfmv
wb‡lavÁv) w`‡q‡Q-w`‡”Q Zvi cÖavb KviYB n‡jv Aeva, myôz, wbi‡cÿ,
AskMÖnYg~jK wbe©vPb bv nIqvÓ| 2018-Gi wbe©vPb welqwU †`v`yj¨gvb

†fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ cÖfve †dj‡e| Gme cÖfve †ewk co‡Z cv‡i
†mBme †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii g‡a¨, hviv †fvU w`‡Z cv‡ibwb A_ev hv‡ì
†fvU cÖ`vb AwfÁZv fv‡jv bq| GB cÖfv‡ei MwZgyL n‡e weGbwci c‡ÿ|
Òm¨vskbÓ (wb‡lavÁv, gvwK©b wfmv wb‡lavÁv, GKB mv‡_ AvšÍR©vwZK welq

wn‡m‡e c¨v‡j÷vB‡bi weiæ‡× Bmiv‡q‡ji hy× †NvlYv) Avgv‡ì Rb¨ m¤ú~Y©
bZzb Ges AwcÖq welq| ÒgvwK©b wfmv wb‡lavÁvÓ welqwU nvwRi K‡i weGbwc
PvB‡e AvIqvgx jxM miKvi‡K †nvqvBU Iqvk Ki‡Z| weGbwc ej‡e―2018
mv‡ji †fvUviwenxb wbe©vPb, AskMÖnYg~jK wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Pig
Awbnv I e¨_©Zv, AvBbk„•Ljv-cÖkvmb-wePvi wefv‡M `jxqKiY, mxgvnxb
`yb©xwZ-`ye©„Ëvqb, gvbevwaKvi j•Nb, miKv‡ii d¨vwmev`x PwiÎ―GmeB
Avgv‡ì Ici gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi wfmv wb‡lavÁv †Ìqvi g~j KviY| myZivs
GB miKvi e¨_©, Zv‡K P‡j †h‡Z n‡e (Zvi Aax‡b myôz, wbi‡cÿ, Aeva,
AskMÖnYg~jK wbe©vPb m¤¢e bq)| Gi wecix‡Z Ôm¨vskbÕ welqwU AvIqvgx
jxM m¤¢eZ eo my‡hvM (opportunity) wn‡m‡e †`L‡e| gvwK©b miKvi
wb‡q AvIqvgx jxM hv ej‡e, Zvi g‡a¨ _vK‡e―1971 mv‡ji gyw³hy‡×
gvwK©b hy³ivóª miKv‡ii ¯^vaxbZvwe‡ivax Ae¯’vb, †m›U gvwU©b Øxc `Lj/
BRviv †bIqvi Aïf cuvqZviv, hy×vcivax‡ì wePv‡i evav †Ìqv, e½eÜzi
Lybx‡ì †diZ bv †Ìqv, A_©bxwZ hLb Dc‡ii w`‡K hv‡”Q ZLbB †Kb
AvµgY, †Zj-M¨vmm¤ú` `L‡ji †Póv, Af¨šÍixY wel‡q AhvwPZ n¯Í‡ÿc,
†`‡ki mve©‡fŠg‡Z¡i Ici n¯Í‡ÿc, Bivb-BivK m¨vskb BZ¨vw`| AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi Rb¨ Bmiv‡q‡ji c¨v‡j÷vBb AvµgY-c¨v‡j÷vB‡bi weiæ‡× hy×
welqwU m¨vskb-Gi mn-Bmy¨ A_ev Avjv`v Bmy¨ n‡Z cv‡i| G wel‡q
weGbwci †NvwlZ †KŠkj gvwK©b hy³iv‡óªi Ae¯’v‡bi c‡ÿ n‡Z cv‡i|
m¨vskb wel‡q AvIqvgx jx‡Mi g~j †KŠkj n‡Z cv‡i Ggb, hv RbM‡Yi
g‡a¨ m¨vskbwe‡ivax RvZxq GKvZ¥‡eva-RvZxq msnwZ-RvZxq RvMiY m„wó
Ki‡Z cv‡i| m¨vskb wb‡q AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wbe©vPb †KŠkj n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i
GKB mv‡_ mv¤ªvRëv`we‡ivax, RvZxqZvev`x Ges ag©xq Abyf‚wZhy³ (Bivb,
BivK, wjweqv, AvdMvwb¯Ívb, c¨v‡j÷vB‡bi K_v ejv n‡e)| Avi Zv hw`
nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î Òm¨vskbÓ †KŠkj Ggb cÖfveK wn‡m‡e iƒcvšÍwiZ n‡q †h‡Z
cv‡i, hv Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ KvR Ki‡e|
Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b miKvwi `j AvIqvgx jxM I cÖavb we‡ivax `j

weGbwc―†fvUvi‡ì g‡b cÖ‡ek K‡i Zv‡ì †fvU cvevi Rb¨ Kx Kx
ej‡e―G wb‡q Mfxi e¨vL¨v-we‡kølY Riæwi| KviY, Avgiv †fvUv‡ii
†fvUcÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍi g~j Dcv`vb AbymÜvb KiwQ| Avgv‡ì †kl jÿUv wQj
Avmbœ 2024-Gi 12Zg RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj †Kgb n‡Z
cv‡i―G wel‡q Rvbvi †Póv Kiv A_ev hyw³m½Z we‡kølYwfwËK m¤¢vebvwPÎ
D`&NvUb Kiv| Gme cÖ‡kœi mywbwðZ †Kv‡bv DËi Kv‡iv c‡ÿ †Ìqv m¤¢e
bq| Z‡e m¤¢ve¨ DËi LuyR‡Z Avgiv Ggb wKQz †e‡Q wb‡qwQ, †hwUI RwUj|
Avi Zv n‡jv Ô†fvUv‡ii gbÕ (voters mind)| wbe©vPb ev †fvU n‡jv
g~Z© (concrete) welq, Avi †fvU`vZvi gb (mind) n‡jv m¤ú~Y© weg~Z©
(abstract) welq| Avgiv Ôweg~Z©Õ welq e¨vL¨v-we‡kølY K‡i Òg~Z©Ó welq
Abyave‡bi †Póv K‡iwQ| Gme h‡_ó weÁvbm¤§Z, hw` wfwË Abywm×všÍ
†gvUvgywU hyw³m½Z nq|
Avgiv BwZg‡a¨ †`‡LwQ †h Avmbœ RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì

†fvU †c‡Z cÖv_©xiv―`jwbwe©‡k‡l―†gvU 9 ¸”Q wel‡q e³e¨ †`‡eb|
Gme e³‡eï A‡bK wKQzB †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ †Zgb
†Kv‡bv f‚wgKv ivL‡e bv, Avevi A‡bK wKQzB †ek f‚wgKv ivL‡e| G wb‡q
Avgv‡ì e¨vL¨v-we‡kølY h‡_ó Kvh©Ki Bw½Z †`q †h Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ mywbw`©ó 5wU welq ev Ae‡Rw±f d¨v±i f‚wgKv
ivL‡e e‡j g‡b nq| GB 5wU d¨v±i n‡jv―(1) `ªe¨g~j¨ (mywbw`©ófv‡e ej‡j
Ò`ªe¨g~‡jï EaŸ©MwZÓ I RxebhvÎvi e¨q e„w×), (2) gvbe wbivcËvmswkøó `ywU
welq (e¨w³MZ I cvwievwiK wbivcËv Ges Avq-DcvR©bMZ wbivcËv), (3)
cÙv †mZz, (4) 2018-Gi wbe©vPb Ges (5) Òm¨vskbÓ (gvwK©b hy³ivóª miKv‡ii
†Ìqv wb‡lavÁv―wfmv wb‡lavÁvmn m¤¢ve¨ A_©‰bwZK wb‡lavÁv; GKB mv‡_
AvšÍR©vwZK welq wn‡m‡e c¨v‡j÷vB‡bi weiæ‡× Bmiv‡q‡ji hy× †NvlYv)|
Avgiv g‡b Kwi, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ DwjøwLZ 5wU
d¨v±i KvR Ki‡e| Z‡e cÖ‡Z¨K d¨v±i-Gi cÖfvegvÎv Ges cÖfv‡ei MwZgyL
GKB iKg n‡e bv (mviwY 4)| GLb Ae¯’v hv, †mUv hw` AUzU _v‡K ev
AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K―†m‡ÿ‡Î Gme d¨v±‡ii g‡a¨ 2wU d¨v±‡ii cÖfve myweav
cv‡e AvIqvgx jxM (d¨v±i: ÒcÙv †mZzÓ Ges Òm¨vskbÓ); Avi evwK 3wUi
myweav cv‡e weGbwc (d¨v±i: Ò`ªe¨g~j¨Ó, Ògvbe wbivcËvÓ, Ò2018 wbe©vPbÓ)|
Z‡e Ò`ªe¨g~j¨Ó I Ògvbe wbivcËvÓ―GB `yB d¨v±‡ii wKQz KvD›Uvi-d¨v±i
Av‡Q, hv wewfbœ gvÎvq KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i (G wel‡q c‡i AvmwQ)|
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y 5wU d¨v±‡ii g‡a¨ 3wUi
m¤¢ve¨ cÖfvegvÎv n‡Z cv‡i ÒA‡bK †ewkÓ―ÒcÙv †mZzÓ (Z‡e cÖfveUv n‡Z
cv‡i †fŠMwjKfv‡e mxgve×, `wÿY-`wÿY cwðgvÂ‡ji 68wU Avm‡b),
Ò`ªe¨g~j¨Ó Ges Òm¨vskbÓ (mviwY 4)| Gme d¨v±‡ii g‡a¨ `ywUi―ÒcÙv

†mZzÓ I Òm¨vskbÓ-Gi cÖfve-MwZgyL n‡e AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ, Avi
GKwUi―Ò`ªe¨g~j¨Ó MwZgyL n‡e weGbwci c‡ÿ| Z‡e wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRbxq
†fvM¨c‡Yï g~j¨ wbe©vP‡bi gvmLv‡bK Av‡M 20-25 kZvsk Kg‡j d¨v±iwUi
cÖfve-MwZgyL wbi¼zk weGbwcgyLx n‡e bv| Avi m¤¢ve¨ ÒgvSvwi cÖfveÓ
d¨v±i―Ò2018-Gi wbe©vPbÓ Ges Ògvbe wbivcËvÓ d¨v±i `ywUi cÖfve-MwZ
n‡e g~jZ weGbwcgyLx|
mviwY 4: 2024 wbe©vP‡b †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ †hme

d¨v±i cÖfve †dj‡e: d¨v±iwfwËK cÖfvegvÎv Ges cÖfv‡ei
MwZgyL
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì d¨v±‡ii m¤¢ve¨ d¨v±‡ii cÖfv‡ei MwZgyL:

†fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y cÖfvegvÎv †Kvb `‡ji c‡ÿ
†hme d¨v±i (Dcv`vb) (†`v`yj¨gvb
cÖfve †dj‡e †fvUvi‡ì †fvU
cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍi Ici)
1| `ªe¨g~j¨ A‡bK GLb Ae¯’v hv, Zv‡Z
(`ªe¨g~‡jï [A‡bK †fvUv‡ii d¨v±iwUi ¯^vfvweK cÖfve-
EaŸ©MwZ) g‡b G d¨v±iwU myweav n‡e weGbwcgyLx|
Zv‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb Z‡e miKvi †LvjvevRv‡i
wm×v‡šÍ cÖavb wePvh© ¯^íg~‡j¨ Pvj-AvUv-†Zj
n‡Z cv‡i] mieiv‡ni †h eë¯’v
wb‡q‡Q, Zvi wKQz cÖfve-
myweav _vK‡e AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi c‡ÿ| Avi †mB
mv‡_ hw` wbe©vP‡bi Av‡M
wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRbxq K‡qKwU
†fvM¨c‡Yï (Pvj, AvUv,
mqvweb †Zj, wPwb) g~j¨
20-25 kZvsk K‡g Zvi
wKQz cÖfve- myweav cv‡e
AvIqvgx jxM
mviwY 4... Pjgvb

2| gvbe wbivcËv gvSvwi cÖfv‡ei MwZgyL cÖavbZ

(e¨w³MZ- [†Kvb †Kvb †fvUv‡ii weGbwci c‡ÿ| Z‡e
cvwievwiK, Avq- †ÿ‡Î cÖavb d¨v±iI Zv wbi¼zk bq| gvbe
DcvR©bMZ) n‡Z cv‡i] wbivcËvmswkøó wewfbœ
ai‡bi fvZv Kvh©µ‡gi
myweav †c‡Z cv‡i AvIqvgx
jxM
3| cÙv †mZz A‡bK `wÿY-`wÿY cwðgvÂ‡ji

(Z‡e †fŠMwjKfv‡e 68wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 23wU
mxgve×) ÒweRq-AwbwðZ Avm‡bÓ
d¨v±iwUi m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve-
myweavi cy‡ivUvB AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi c‡ÿ
4| 2018 wbe©vPb gvSvwi cÖfve myweav cv‡e weGbwc
5| m¨vskb A‡bK (wbe©vPb) RvZxq HK¨-

(wb‡lavÁv) RvZxq msnwZi Bmy¨
(c¨v‡j÷vB‡bi wn‡m‡e DÌvcb Ki‡Z
weiæ‡× cvi‡j G d¨v±iwUi myweav
Bmiv‡q‡ji hy× cv‡e AvIqvgx jxM
†NvlYv m¨vskb
Bmyï Ask n‡ZI
cv‡i, bvI cv‡i)
GUv LyeB ev¯Íem¤§Z †h GKRb †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi Zvi †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ
P‚ovšÍKi‡Y B”Qvwbi‡cÿ d¨v±i/kZ© (objective factor/condition)
Ges B”Qvaxb d¨v±i/kZ© (subjective factor/condition) DfqB
we‡ePbv K‡ib| IBme k‡Z©i (d¨v±‡ii) AbycvwZK cÖfvegvÎv wewfbœ
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii Kv‡Q wfbœ wfbœ n‡e| G cÖm‡½ Avgiv Dc‡i †h cuvPwU
d¨v±‡ii K_v D‡jøL K‡iwQ—`ªe¨g~j¨, gvbe wbivcËv, cÙv †mZz, 2018
wbe©vPb, m¨vskb (c¨v‡j÷vBb hy× Bmy¨mn)—me¸‡jvB Ae‡RKwUf d¨v±i/
kZ©| †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ MÖn‡Y Gme Ae‡RKwUf k‡Z©i
¸iæZ¡ Acwimxg| wKš‘ Zv wba©viK bvI n‡Z cv‡i| †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ
P‚ovšÍKi‡Y †ÿÎwe‡k‡l AwZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i mve‡RKwUf d¨v±i/

kZ©vw`| †Kb-Kxfv‡e? †h‡Kv‡bv Avm‡b †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi wKš‘ wew”Qbœ
Øx‡ci gvbyl bb, Zviv mgvRe× gvbyl| Ggb †Kv‡bv Avmb cvIqv hv‡e bv,
†hLv‡b †Kv‡bv GKwU cvov ev gnjøvi me †fvUviB †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi| GUv
nevi †Kv‡bvB m¤¢vebv †bB| ev¯Íe Ae¯’vUv n‡e G iKg: GKwU Mo Avm‡b
70 kZvsk †fvUvi n‡jb `jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi (†h `‡jiB †nvK bv †Kb),
Avi evwK 30 kZvsk †`v`yj¨gvb| m¤¢eZ Ggb evwoI nq‡Zv cvIqv hv‡e
bv, †hLv‡b wZb-PviRb †fvUv‡ii mevB †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi| †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi I `jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi m¤¢eZ GKB evwo‡Z evm K‡ib A_ev
cÖwZ‡ekx| cÖwZ GKRb †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii cv‡ki `yRb `jxq AbyMZ
†fvUvi (AvIqvgx jxM A_ev weGbwc †h `‡jiB †nvK bv †Kb)| `jxq
AbyMZ †fvUviiv wbe©vPb-†fvU wb‡q h‡_ó gvÎvq AvMÖnx weavq Zviv Zv‡ì
wbZ¨w`‡bi Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvq wbR `‡ji c‡ÿ K_vevZ©v e‡jb| †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ì Ici Gm‡ei cÖfve c‡o| G cÖfv‡ei d‡jI †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii
†`vjv`ywj Kg‡Z cv‡i| Gme cÖfv‡ei P‚ovšÍ dj Ggb ùvov‡bv A¯^vfvweK
bq †h IB Avm‡b `yB cÖwZØ›Øx `‡ji wfwË †fvU †h Abycv‡Z wef³,
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviiv †klch©šÍ GKB Abycv‡Z fvM n‡q †h‡Z cv‡i| G QvovI
AviI GKUv mve‡RKwUf d¨v±i Av‡Q, hv †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU
cÖ`vb wm×všÍ P‚ovšÍKi‡Y A‡bK KvR K‡i—AšÍZ Avgv‡ì †`‡k| Gme
mve‡RKwUf d¨v±i, hvi cÖfv‡e †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ
P‚ovšÍKi‡Y A‡bK †ÿ‡ÎB Ae‡RKwUf d¨v±‡ii Zzjbvg~jK ¸iæZ¡ K‡g
†h‡Z cv‡i Zv n‡jv AvZ¥xqZv, eÜzevÜe, NwbóRb, gyiæweŸ‡ì Dc‡`k-
Av‡`k-wb‡`©k, wcZ…Zvwš¿KZv (bvixi †ÿ‡Î)| Z‡e †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì
†fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ P‚ovšÍKi‡Y Gme mve‡RKwUf d¨v±‡ii ûeû cÖfve
KZUzKz Zv wbY©q Kiv `yiƒn e¨vcvi| g~j K_v n‡jv—†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì
†fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ Ae‡RKwUf I mve‡RKwUf Dfq d¨v±iB KvR K‡i|
†`‡k †gvU 300wU msm`xq Avmb| Avgv‡ì wn‡m‡e GB 300 Avm‡bi g‡a¨
155wU Avmb n‡jv ÒwfwË AvmbÓ (m¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ Avmb) Avi evwK
145wU Avmb n‡jv ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ| GBme weRq-AwbwðZ Avm‡b
P‚ovšÍ weRq wbf©i Ki‡e †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fv‡Ui Ici| Gme Avm‡bi
†h‡Kv‡bvwU‡Z AvIqvgx jxM A_ev weGbwc cÖv_©x wRZ‡Z cv‡i―hw` cÖv_©x
46 kZvsk †fvU cvq, †hLv‡b 30 kZvsk `jxq †fvU (hv‡K ejwQ ÒwfwË
†fvUÓ) Avi evwK 16 kZvsk Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUÓ|
ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ 145wU Avmb‡K Avgiv †hŠw³K Kvi‡Y `yB fv‡M wef³

K‡iwQ (†hUv Avgiv mviv‡`‡ki 300 Avm‡bi †ÿ‡ÎI K‡iwQ)| cÖ_g fv‡M
Av‡Q cÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK 68wU Avmb (†`‡ki `wÿY-`wÿY cwðg AÂ‡ji
19 †Rjvq)| wefvRbwU G Rb¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q †h ÒcÙv †mZzi †fvU jf¨vskÓ
(Padma Bridge Dividend Vote) e‡j Ggb wKQz Av‡Q, hv Gev‡ii †fv‡U
mswkøó GjvKvi †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ f‚wgKv ivL‡e|
wØZxq fv‡M Av‡Q cÙv †mZzi cÖZ¨ÿ myweav hviv cv‡”Qb bv, †mBme GjvKv―
XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂ‡ji 232wU Avmb (†`‡ki 49 †Rjvq)|
Avgv‡ì wnmv‡e †gvU 145wU ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 23wU Avmb
Av‡Q cÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK AÂ‡j (19 †Rjvq); Avi 122wU Avmb Av‡Q IB
AÂ‡ji evB‡i XvKvmn c~e©-cwðg-DËivÂ‡j (49 †Rjvq) (mviwY 5)|
GLb cÖkœ―†fŠMwjKfv‡e wefvwRZ DwjøwLZ `yB ai‡bi ÒweRq-AwbwðZ
Avm‡bÓ †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviiv Kx †`‡L †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ †b‡eb, Zv‡ì
P‚ovšÍ wm×všÍ Kx n‡e Ges P‚ovšÍ m¤¢ve¨ Avmb wefvRb †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i?
cÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK AÂ‡ji (`wÿY-`wÿY cwðg AÂj) weRq-AwbwðZ

23wU Avm‡b †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviiv †klch©šÍ †Kvb w`‡K hv‡eb? GB 23wU
Avm‡b †gvU †fvUvi 92 jÿ, hv‡ì g‡a¨ †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi 27 jÿ 60
nvRvi| AvmbcÖwZ Mo †fvUvi n‡e 4 jÿ, hv‡ì g‡a¨ †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi
1 jÿ 20 nvRvi| cÖwZwU Avm‡b †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ
MÖn‡Y 5wU d¨v±i cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Ki‡e: GKw`‡K _vK‡e cÙv †mZz d¨v±i
(hvi cÖfve AvIqvgx jxMgyLx) Avi Ab¨ w`‡K _vK‡e Ò`ªe¨g~j¨Ó, Ò2018
Gi wbe©vPbÓ, Ògvbe wbivcËvÓ (hvi cÖfve n‡e cÖavbZ weGbwcgyLx)| GLb
cÖwZwU †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii Kv‡Q hw` Rvb‡Z PvIqv nq †h, †kL nvwmbv
cÙv †mZz K‡i‡Qb (d‡j Avcbv‡ì Kx jvf-ÿwZ n‡q‡Q, Zv AvcbvivB
fv‡jv Rv‡bb); Avi Ab¨w`‡K †kL nvwmbvi kvmbvg‡j `ªe¨g~j¨ †e‡o‡Q,
Ò2018-Gi wbe©vPbÓ †Kgb n‡q‡Q―Zv Avcbviv me‡P‡q fv‡jv Rv‡bb,
Ògvbe wbivcËviÓ mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z AvBbk„•Ljv-wePvi Ges wewfbœ ai‡bi fvZv
Kvh©µg Gme Avcbviv Rv‡bb―mewKQz wePvi K‡i Avcbvi †fvUUv Avcwb
†Kvb w`‡K †`‡eb? GLv‡b g‡b ivLv ìKvi †h, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi wKš‘ †Kv‡bv
`‡ji `jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi bb| Gme wb‡q cÙv †mZz AÂ‡j ÒweRq-AwbwðZ
AvmbÓ GjvKvq gvby‡li m‡½ †Lvjv‡gjv Avjvc-Av‡jvPbvi wfwË‡Z Abygvb
Kiv hvq †h, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì cÖwZ 10 R‡bi 6 Rb (60 kZvsk) cÙv
†mZzi Kvi‡Y †kL nvwmbv‡K †fvU †`‡eb―A_©vr †fvUwU co‡e †kL nvwmbvi
†bZ…Z¡vaxb AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ (cÖv_©x †h-B †nvK bv †Kb; Avm‡j †fvUUv
cv‡eb †kL nvwmbv)| Avi Zv hw` nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î GB AÂ‡ji †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ hZ d¨v±iB cÖfve †djyK bv †Kb, A‡bK
†ÿ‡ÎB wbqvgK d¨v±i n‡e ÒcÙv †mZzÓ| weRq-AwbwðZ Avm‡b wRZ‡Z
n‡j †c‡Z n‡e †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì 56 kZvsk †fvU, wKš‘ cvIqvi m¤¢vebv
60 kZvsk †fvU| Gme wePv‡i ÒcÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK AÂ‡jÓ 23wU weRq-
AwbwðZ Avm‡bi 23wUB †c‡Z cv‡i AvIqvgx jxM (mviwY 5)| Avi ZvB-B
hw` nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î cÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK AÂ‡ji 68wU Avm‡bi P‚ovšÍ Avmb eÈb
Ae¯’v ùvov‡Z cv‡i G iKg: AvIqvgx jxM 48wU Avmb (25wU wfwË Avmb
Avi 23wU cÙv †mZzi jf¨vsk Avmb), weGbwc 16wU Avmb (me¸‡jv wfwË
Avmb), Avi 4wU Ab¨vb¨ `‡ji Avmb (me¸‡jv ÒwfwË AvmbÓ) (mviwY 6)|
cÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK AÂ‡ji 68wU Avmb wb‡q Avgv‡ì P‚ovšÍ m¤¢ve¨ wn‡mecËi
wKQzUv iÿYkxjI n‡Z cv‡i| KviY ÒcÙv †mZz AÂ‡jÓ †h 16wU Avmb‡K
weGbwci ÒwfwË AvmbÓ wn‡m‡e wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q, Zv cÙv †mZz Pvjy nIqvi
Av‡Mi (me©‡kl 2008 mv‡ji) Z_¨-DcvËwfwËK| GgbI n‡Z cv‡i †h
Gme wfwË Avm‡bi (†gvU 20wU Avmb, hvi g‡a¨ weGbwci 16wU) gvbyl hw`
cÙv †mZzi mivmwi DcKvi‡fvMx n‡q _v‡Kb, †m‡ÿ‡Î Gme wfwË Avm‡bi
`jMZ Ae¯’v GLb m¤¢eZ Av‡Mi g‡Zv †bB|
XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂ‡ji ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ 122wU Avm‡b

†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviiv †Kvb w`‡K hv‡eb? GB 122wU Avm‡b †gvU †fvUvi
AvbygvwbK 4 †KvwU 88 jÿ (†`‡ki †gvU †fvUv‡ii cÖvq 41 kZvsk), hv‡ì
g‡a¨ †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii msL¨v AvbygvwbK 1 †KvwU 46 jÿ 40 nvRvi|
AvmbcÖwZ M‡o †fvUvi cÖvq 4 jÿ, Avi †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi 1 jÿ 20
nvRvi| cÖkœ n‡jv―†`v`yj¨gvb Gme †fvUv‡ii †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ †Kvb
d¨v±i m¤¢ve¨ KZUzKz f‚wgKv ivL‡e? †klch©šÍ `jwfwËK m¤¢ve¨ P‚ovšÍ Avmb
eÈb †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i?
XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂ‡ji 122wU ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ Avm‡b

†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ 5wU Ae‡Rw±f d¨v±i Kg‡ewk
f‚wgKv ivL‡e: (1) `ªe¨g~j¨, (2) gvbe wbivcËv, (3) 2018-Gi wbevP©b,
(4) m¨vskb, (5) cÙv †mZz| †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ
cÖwZ‡hvMx Gme d¨v±i †hfv‡e KvR Ki‡Z cv‡i, Zvi m¤¢ve¨ MwZgyL n‡e―
Ò`ªe¨g~j¨Ó, Ò2018-Gi wbe©vPbÓ Ges Ògvbe wbivcËvÓ―weGbwcgyLx, Avi
Òm¨vskb Ges c¨v‡j÷vB‡bi weiæ‡× Bmiv‡q‡ji hy× †NvlYv‡Kw›`ªK Ae¯’vbÓ

g~jZ AvIqvgx jxMgyLx| Avevi †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì Ici Gme d¨v±‡ii
cÖfv‡ei MwZgyL m¤¢eZ wbi¼zkfv‡e GKK †Kv‡bv `‡ji c‡ÿ KvR Ki‡e bv|
KviY A‡bK d¨v±‡ii KvD›Uvi-d¨v±iI Av‡Q, hv †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì
A‡b‡Ki †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ wewfbœ gvÎvq cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i| †hgb
Ò`ªe¨g~j¨Ó d¨v±‡ii KvD›Uvi-d¨v±i n‡jv miKvi cwiPvwjZ †LvjvevRv‡i
¯^íg~‡j¨ wbZ¨cÖ‡qvRbxq †fvM¨cY¨ wewµ (Avevi †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y Ò`ªe¨g~j¨Ó
K‡g G‡j Zvi cÖfve)| Avevi Ògvbe wbivcËvÓ d¨v±‡iiI KvD›Uvi-
d¨v±i Av‡Q, †hgb miKvi cwiPvwjZ mvgvwRK wbivcËv‡eóbxi AvIZvaxb
wewfbœ fvZv Kg©m~wP| Gme KvD›Uvi-d¨v±i †hme `wi`ª-weËnxb-wb¤œweË-
wb¤œga¨weË gvby‡li Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨, Zv‡ì g‡a¨ hviv †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi―
Zv‡ì A‡b‡KB nq‡Zv ev †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ Gme we‡ePbv Ki‡eb| KviY
Gme gvbyl nq‡Zv ev †Kv‡bv wKQzi wewbg‡q Gme cÖZ¨vkv wemR©b w`‡Z
PvB‡eb bv| mswkøó wel‡q Gme gvbyl ev¯Í‡e †hme myweav †c‡q‡Qb I cv‡”Qb,
Zv Ae¨vnZ _vKzK―GUv Zv‡ì ¯^vfvweK cÖZ¨vkv| GB cÖZ¨vkv n‡Z cv‡i
`ªe¨g~j¨ I gvbe wbivcËv‡Kw›`ªK wel‡q KvD›Uvi-d¨v±i, hvi myweav †h‡Z
cv‡i AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ| cÙv †mZzi †fvU-jf¨vsk-myweav cv‡e AvIqvgŠ
jxM, Z‡e †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂ‡ji †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviiv †h‡nZz
mivmwi DcKvi‡fvMx bb, †m‡nZz Zv‡ì †ÿ‡Î GB d¨v±‡ii Lye †ewk
¸iæZ¡ _vK‡e bv| Z‡e XvKv-gvIqv gaëZ©x Avmb¸‡jv‡Z ÒcÙv †mZzi †fvU
jf¨vskÓ KvR Ki‡e| myweav hv‡e AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ| Ò2018 wbe©vPbÓ
d¨v±‡ii myweav cv‡e weGbwc| Avi Ôm¨vskbÕ hw` RvZxq HK¨-RvZxq
msnwZ m„wói †KŠkj nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î GB d¨v±iwUi A‡bK myweav †c‡Z cv‡i
AvIqvgx jxM| Z‡e DwjøwLZ d¨v±i-KvD›Uvi d¨v±‡ii cÖK…Z gvb Kx n‡e
Zv Avgv‡ì Rvbv †bB (m¤¢eZ †KDB Zv Rv‡bb bv)|
XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂ‡ji (A_v©r cÙv †mZzi cÖfve AÂj

bq) 122wU ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ Avm‡b †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì P‚ovšÍ †fvU
cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍi m¤¢ve¨ MwZgyL †Kgb n‡Z cv‡i, Zv wbiƒc‡Y Avgiv cvuPwU
Ae‡Rw±f d¨v±i-KvD›Uvi d¨v±imn †`Lvi †Póv K‡iwQ| GKB mv‡_
cÖfveK wn‡m‡e K‡qKwU mve‡Rw±f d¨v±‡ii K_vI e‡jwQ, hvi ga¨
Av‡Q AvZ¥xqZv, eÜzevÜe, NwbóRb, gyiæweŸ‡ì Dc‡`k-Av‡`k-wb‡`©k,
wcZ…Zvwš¿KZv (bvixi †ÿ‡Î)| Gm‡ei wg_w¯Œqv wba©viY Ki‡e †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUviiv †Kvb w`‡K hv‡eb Ges m¤¢ve¨ Avmb eÈb †Kgb n‡e? Z‡e m¤¢ve¨
Avmb eÈb wPÎ hv-B †nvK bv †Kb, IB 122wU Avm‡bi me¸‡jv ewÈZ n‡e
AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwci g‡a¨; KviY Ab¨ me `‡ji hv Avmb, Zvi meB
wfwË Avmb (†h Kvi‡Y Zviv weRq-AwbwðZ Avm‡bi cÖwZ‡hvMx bb)| mewKQz
e¨vL¨v-we‡kølYmn wewfbœ AÂ‡ji gvby‡li mv‡_ `xN© †Lvjv‡gjv Avjvc-
Av‡jvPbvi wfwË‡Z Avgiv GB wm×v‡šÍ DcbxZ n‡qwQ †h, XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-
cwðg-DËi AÂ‡ji †`v`yj¨gvb †fvU Ges 122wU ÒweRq AwbwðZÓ Avm‡bi
Avmb wefvRb m¤¢ve¨ wZb ai‡bi c¨vUvb© AbymiY Ki‡Z cv‡i|
c¨vUvb©-1: †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU wefvRb XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-

DËi AÂ‡j ÒwfwË AvmbÓ †hfv‡e ewÈZ, wVK †mB AbycvZ AbymiY Ki‡e|
(g‡b ivLv ìKvi †h ÒwfwË AvmbÓ n‡jv †mB Avmb, †h Avm‡b weRqxi `jxq
AbyMZ †fvU Kgc‡ÿ 40 kZvsk)| G AÂ‡ji Rb¨ ÔwfwË AvmbÕ-Gi eÈb
AbycvZwU n‡jv 45 kZvsk AvIqvgx jxM Avi 55 kZvsk weGbwc| A_©vr
c¨vUvb©-1 hw` KvR K‡i, †m‡ÿ‡Î G-AÂ‡j ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ 122wU Avm‡bi
g‡a¨ 45 kZvsk Avmb †c‡Z cv‡i AvIqvgx jxM Avi 55 kZvsk Avmb
†c‡Z cv‡i weGbwc| †m‡ÿ‡Î c¨vUvb©-1 Abyhvqx G AÂ‡ji 122wU weRq
AwbwðZ Avm‡bi P‚ovšÍ eÈb n‡Z cv‡i G iKg: 55wU Avmb AvIqvgx jxM,
67wU Avmb weGbwc| A_©vr weGbwc AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Zzjbvq 12wU Avmb †ewk
cv‡e| c¨vUvb©-2: †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU wefvRb AbymiY Ki‡e wVK
†mB AbycvZ, †h Abycv‡Z mviv‡`‡k AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwci ÒwfwË †fvUÓ
wefvwRZ| mviv‡`‡k AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wfwË †fvU 30 kZvsk, weGbwciI 30
kZvsk―A_v©r mgvb mgvb| ÔweRq-AwbwðZÕ 122wU AvmbI hw` wfwË †fvU
Abycv‡Z mgvb-mgvb ewÈZ nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î AvIqvgx jxM cv‡e 61wU Avmb
weGbwc cv‡e 61wU Avmb| c¨vUvb©-3: AvIqvgx jxM hw` Ôm¨vskbÕ‡Kw›`ªK
Bmy¨‡K RvZxq HK¨-RvZxq msnwZ M‡o †Zvjvi †fvU †KŠkj wn‡m‡e eënvi
K‡i Ges Zzjbvg~jK mdj nq, Avi GKB mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ d¨v±‡ii KvD›Uvi-
d¨v±i¸‡jv Zz‡j a‡i †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvUcÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ cÖfve
†dj‡Z mÿg nq| Gme m¤¢vebv Ag~jK bq| KviY XvKv I PÆMÖvg AÂj
n‡jv eëmvqx AÂj, Avi c~e©vÂ‡ji A‡bK cwievi ga¨cÖvP¨ †_‡K cÖevm Avq
(†iwgU¨vÝ) †c‡q _v‡K, †`‡ki wkívÂj¸‡jv c~e© I cwðg AÂ‡j Aew¯’Z
Ges XvKvmn c~e©-cwðg AÂ‡j A‡bK †gMv cÖ‡R± Pjgvb―Gme AÂ‡ji
gvbyl m½Z Kvi‡YB Òm¨vskbÓ wel‡q `ywðwšÍZ| Avi ZvB AvIqvgx jxM hw`
Ôm¨vskbÕ‡K Avmbœ wbe©vP‡b RvZxq HK¨-RvZxq msnwZ M‡o †Zvjvi †KŠkj
wn‡m‡e MÖnY K‡i (hv n‡e GKB mv‡_ mvgªvRëv`we‡ivax, RvZxqZvev`x-
RvZxq gyw³i ¯^c‡ÿ Ges ag©xq fvevbyf‚wZi mv‡_ mvgÄm¨c~Y©; †k‡lv³
†ÿ‡Î BivKÑBiv‡bi Ici m¨vskb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i wjweqv-AvdMvwb¯Ívb n‡q

c¨v‡j÷vBb BmyÏ mvg‡b Avm‡e), Zv †fvUvi‡ì g‡b †ek bvov w`‡Z
cv‡i| Gm‡ei dj GgbI nIqv A¯^vfvweK bq, hLb †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì
60 kZvsk Zv‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ m¨vskbmn ga¨cÖv‡Pï hy×‡K me‡P‡q
¸iæZ¡c~Y© d¨v±i wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv Ki‡eb| Z‡e me‡P ¸iæZ¡c~Y© d¨v±i gv‡b
GKgvÎ d¨v±i bq| Avevi Ôm¨vskbÕ hw` †Kv‡bv Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv †fvUv‡ii
g‡b me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© d¨v±i e‡j we‡ewPZ nq, †m‡ÿ‡Î †ewki fvM †ÿ‡Î
m¨vskb n‡Z cv‡i †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ P‚ovšÍ d¨v±i| Gme we‡ePbv †_‡K
Ggb wm×v‡šÍ DcbxZ nIqv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, XvKvmn c~e©-cwðg-DËivÂ‡ji
122wU ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 60 kZvsk Avm‡bi cÖwZwU‡Z
Kgc‡ÿ 56 kZvsk †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi Zv‡ìB †fvU w`‡jb, hviv m¨vskb
d¨v±i‡K RvZxq HK¨-RvZxq msnwZi Bmy¨ wn‡m‡e DÌvcb Ki‡jb| G‡ÿ‡Î
Òm¨vskbÓ †KŠk‡ji cy‡iv myweavUv cv‡e AvIqvgx jxM| GmeB hw` wVK nq,
†m‡ÿ‡Î c¨vUv©b-3 Abyhvqx XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂ‡ji 122wU
weRq AwbwðZ Avm‡bi P‚ovšÍ Avmb eÈb n‡Z cv‡i G iKg: AvIqvgx jxM
73wU Avmb Avi weGbwc 49wU Avmb|
Avgv‡ì wnmv‡e †`‡ki 300wU msm`xq Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 155wU Avmb

n‡jv ÒwfwË AvmbÓ ev Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ (†hme Avm‡b †Kvb
`j wRZ‡e Zv †gvUvgywU wbwðZ), Avi 145wU Avmb ÒwfwË Avmb bqÓ Zv
ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ| Dfq †ÿ‡ÎB Avmb R‡q f‚wgKv ivL‡e †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi| Z‡e wfwË Avmb A_©vr Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e weRq-wbwðZ Avm‡b
†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì f‚wgKv _vK‡e Kg| ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ Avm‡bi fvM¨
wba©vi‡Y gyL¨ f‚wgKv _vK‡e †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì| wewfbœ Abywm×všÍwfwËK
wn‡mecËi K‡i Avgiv †`LwQ †h †`‡ki 145wU ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ Avm‡bi
g‡a¨ †klch©šÍ AvIqvgx jxM †c‡Z cv‡i 78-96wU Avmb; Avi weGbwc
†c‡Z cv‡i 49-67wU Avmb (mviwY 5)| †`‡ki `wÿY-`wÿY-cwðg AÂ‡j
†h 23wU weRq-AwbwðZ Avmb Av‡Q, Zvi meKwU cv‡e AvIqvgx jxM,
Avi Gm‡e GKgvÎ f‚wgKv ivL‡e cÙv †mZz―Gme n‡jv cÙv †mZz †fvU
jf¨vsk (Padma Bridge Vote Dividend)| Gi e¨Z¨q nIqvi Lye
GKUv KviY †bB| Avi XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂ‡j †h 122wU
weRq-AwbwðZ Avmb Av‡Q, Zvi g‡a¨ AvIqvgx jxM †c‡Z cv‡i 55-73wU
Avmb, Avi weGbwc 49-67wU Avmb (mviwY 5)|
mviwY 5: ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ (wfwË Avmbewnf‚©Z Avmb)-Gi `jwfwËK

m¤¢ve¨ P‚ovšÍ Avmb eÈb (†gvU 145wU Avmb)
weRq-AwbwðZ Avmb AvIqvgx
weGbwc †gvU
AÂj/c¨vUvb© msL¨v jxM
`wÿY-`wÿY cwðgvÂj
(cÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK AÂj-
23 23 23
cÙv †mZz †fvU jf¨vsk
AÂj)
c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂj
(XvKvmn) 122 55-73 49-67 122
-c¨vUvb© 1: wfwË Avmb Abycv‡Z wefvRb 55 67 122

-c¨vUvb© 2: wfwË †fvU Abycv‡Z wefvRb 61 61 122
-c¨vUvb© 3: m¨vskb‡Kw›`ªK RvZxq HK¨- 73 49 122
msnwZ †KŠkj cÖ‡qv‡M
†gvU 78-96 49-67 145
†Kgb n‡Z cv‡i Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨

P‚ovšÍ djvdj? †Kvb `‡ji miKvi MVb m¤¢vebv KZUzKz?
†fvUv‡ii m¤¢ve¨ `jxq AvbyMZ¨ Ae¯’v, ÒwfwË †fvUÓ (`jxq AbyMZ †fvUv‡ii
†fvU)-Gi aviYv, ÒwfwË AvmbÓ (Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ)-Gi
aviYv, ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ-Gi aviYv, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvU, †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ MÖn‡Yi †cQ‡bi d¨v±i-KvD›Uvi d¨v±i Ges
Gm‡ei m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve I MwZgyL, †fvUvi‡ì †fŠMwjK Ae¯’vb wefvRb (cÙv
†mZzi cÖfve AÂj Ges Zvi evB‡ii AÂj)—Gme wKQz e¨vL¨v-we‡kølY
K‡i Avgiv Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ P‚ovšÍ Avmb eÈb
djvdj wbiƒc‡Yi †Póv K‡iwQ|
Avgv‡ì wnmv‡e Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ P‚ovšÍ djvdj
n‡Z cv‡i G iKg: 300 Avm‡bi RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM †c‡Z
cv‡i 148-166wU Avmb, weGbwc †c‡Z cv‡i 119-137wU Avmb, Avi Ab¨vb¨
`j †c‡Z cv‡i 15wU Avmb (RvZxq cvwU© 11wU Avmb, Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx 2wU
Avmb, GbwWwc 1wU Avmb, we‡Rwc 1wU Avmb) (mviwY 6 I QK 3)|
QK 3: Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b `jwfwËK m¤¢ve¨ AvmbmsL¨v

(†gvU Avmb msL¨v 300)
166
148
137
119
15
me©wb¤œ m‡e©v”P me©wb¤œ m‡e©v”P Ab¨vb¨ `j

AvIqvgx jxM weGbwc (RvZxq cvwU© 11,
Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx 2,
we‡Rwc 1, GjwWwc 1)
AvIqvgx jxM †h 148-166wU Avmb †c‡Z cv‡i Zvi g‡a¨ 70wU ÒwfwË AvmbÓ
(†`‡k †gvU wfwË Avmb msL¨v 155wU), evèvwK 78-96wU Avmb ÒweRq-
AwbwðZ AvmbÓ-Gi Ask (†`‡k G ai‡bi †gvU AvmbmsL¨v 145wU)|
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi cÖvwß-m¤¢ve¨ 148-166wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 48wU Avmb Avm‡e
†`‡ki `wÿY-`wÿY cwðg AÂj †_‡K (G AÂ‡j †gvU AvmbmsL¨v 68wU),
Avi 100-118 Avmb Avm‡e XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂj †_‡K
(G AÂ‡j †gvU AvmbmsL¨v 232wU) (mviwY 6)|
weGbwc †h 119-137wU Avmb †c‡Z cv‡i, Zvi g‡a¨ 70wU ÒwfwË AvmbÓ,
Avi evèvwK 49-67wU Avmb ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ-Gi Ask| weGbwci
cÖvwß-m¤¢ve¨ 119-137wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 16wU Avmb Avm‡e †`‡ki `wÿY-
`wÿY cwðg AÂj †_‡K, Avi 103-121wU Avmb Avm‡e XvKvmn †`‡ki
c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂj †_‡K (mviwY 6)|
mviwY 6: Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b `jwfwËK m¤¢ve¨ Avmb web¨vm
Avmb: aib I †fŠMwjK AÂj AvIqvgx weGbwc Ab¨vb¨ †gvU
jxM `j
Avmb (msL¨v) 148-166 119-137 15 300
†gvU 300 Avm‡bi g‡a¨
Zb¥‡a¨,
ÒwfwË AvmbÓ 70 70 15 155
(Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ)
ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ 78-96 49-67 - 145
(†klch©šÍ djvdj)
Ò`wÿY-`wÿY cwðg AÂj- 48 16 4 68
(cÙv †mZzi cÖZ¨ÿ cÖfvevÂj)
(23wU cÙv †mZzi jf¨vsk
Avmb)
XvKvmn c~e©-cwðg-DËi AÂj 100-118 103-121 11 232
(†hme AÂ‡j cÙv †mZzi
cÖZ¨ÿ cÖfve †bB)
m¤¢ve¨ P‚ovšÍ djvdj envj _vK‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ †RvUe×fv‡e

miKvi MVb m¤¢vebv me‡P‡q †ewk| G‡ÿ‡Î †RvU n‡Z n‡e RvZxq cvwU©i
mv‡_| Z‡e AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ GKKfv‡e miKvi MVb m¤¢e n‡Z cv‡i,
hw` Zv‡ì AvmbmsL¨vi MwZgyL m‡e©v”P m¤¢ve¨-AvmbgyLx nq (A_©vr me©wb¤œ
148 Avmb †_‡K m‡e©v”P 166 AvmbgyLx nq)|
m¤¢ve¨ P‚ovšÍ djvdj hw` envj _v‡K, Zvn‡j weGbwci c‡ÿ GKKfv‡e
miKvi MVb m¤¢vebv †bB| Z‡e weGbwci c‡ÿ †RvUe× miKvi MV‡bi
cvwUMvwYwZK m¤¢vebv hZUzKz Av‡Q, Zv h‡_ó kZ©mv‡cÿ| G‡ÿ‡Î weGbwc‡K
Aek¨B m¤¢ve¨ m‡e©v”PmsL¨K Avmb cÖvwß (137wU Avmb) wbwðZ K‡i RvZxq
cvwU© I Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgxmn Ab¨ mevi mv‡_ †RvUe× n‡Z n‡e Ges GKB
mv‡_ AvIqvgx jx‡Mi AvmbmsL¨v †Kv‡bv Ae¯’v‡ZB m¤¢ve¨ me©wb¤œmsL¨K
(148wU Avmb) Avm‡bi †ewk n‡Z cvi‡e bv| GZ †ewk kZ©mv‡cÿ weavq,
weGbwci c‡ÿ †RvUe× miKvi MV‡bi ev¯Íe m¤¢vebv ÿxY|
Avmbœ msm` wbe©vP‡bi `jwfwËK m¤¢ve¨ P‚ovšÍ djvdj wb‡q Avgv‡ì Gme
wnmve ev¯Í‡e wfbœZiI n‡Z cv‡i―wnmv‡e hv †`Lv‡bv n‡jv, Zvi Zzjbvq
Kg ev †ewk †h‡Kv‡bvUvB n‡Z cv‡i| `jwfwËK †gvU AvmbmsL¨v Kg‡ewk
nIqv †hme wel‡qi Ici wbf©i Ki‡e Zv n‡jv: (1) wfwË †fv‡Ui wn‡mecËi
wfbœ n‡j (A_©vr `jxq AbyMZ †fvU †gvU †fv‡Ui 30 kZvsk―AvIqvgx
jxM I weGbwc Df‡qiB), (2) wfwË Avm‡bi msL¨v wfbœ n‡j (AvIqvgx
jxM I weGbwc Df‡qiB 70wU K‡i Avmb), (3) Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUÓ A_©vr
hviv Ò`jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi bbÓ A_ev hviv ÒGLbI †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ
P‚ovšÍ K‡ibwbÓ Zv‡ì wn‡mecËi (30 kZvsk †fvUvi), (4) Ò†`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUviÓiv †h 5wU welq we‡ePbv Ki‡eb e‡j aiv n‡q‡Q―Ò`ªe¨g~j¨Ó,
Ògvbe wbivcËvÓ, ÒcÙv †mZzÓ, Ò2018 wbe©vPbÓ Ges Òm¨vskbÓ―Gm‡ei
e¨vL¨v Ges mswkøó d¨v±i I KvD›Uvi-d¨v±‡ii cÖfv‡ei gvb-gvÎv-AwfgyL
Ges/A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv d¨v±i hv ev¯Í‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© A_P we‡ePbv Kiv nqwb|
Avgiv Avmbœ RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b `jwfwËK m¤¢ve¨ AvmbmsL¨vi †h cÖ‡ÿcY

Kijvg, Zvi mwVKZv-gvÎv wb‡q †fvU M‡elK, ivRbxwZwe`, me©mvaviY
gvbyl―†h-†KDB cÖkœ DÌvcb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| GmeB Avgiv Rvwb| RvZxq
wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj †Zv e‡UB ev¯Íe djvdjI †ek ¯úk©KvZi welq|
RvZxq wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj wb‡q gZwfbœZv LyeB ¯^vfvweK| Gme
we‡ePbv‡eva †_‡KB Avgiv wewfbœ wfwË-Abywm×všÍ hyw³gZ cwieZ©b K‡i
wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvd‡j Kx ai‡bi cwieZ©b nq, Zv †`Lvi †Póv K‡iwQ|
G Rb¨ wfwË †fvU, wfwË Avmb Ges †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU―Gme
Pj‡Ki gvb cwieZ©b K‡i weÁvbm¤§Z †mbwmwUwfwU A¨vbvjvBwmm I d¨v±i
A¨vWRv÷‡g›U A¨vbvjvBwmm K‡i †`‡LwQ †h Zv‡Z `jwfwËK AvmbmsL¨vi
hZUzKz cwieZ©b nq, Zv Avgv‡ì P‚ovšÍ Dcmsnv‡i †Zgb †Kv‡bv cÖfve
†d‡j bv (G m¤ú‡K© we¯ÍvwiZ wb‡P e·-2-G †`Lyb)|
e· 2: cÖ‡ÿwcZ wbe©vPbx djvd‡ji mwVKZv cÖm‡½

Avgiv wewfbœ Abywm×všÍwfwËK wn‡mecËi w`‡q Avmbœ RvZxq msm` wbev©P‡bi
m¤¢ve¨ †h djvd‡j DcbxZ n‡qwQ, Zv n‡jv―300 Avm‡bi msm‡` AvIqvgx
jxM †c‡Z cv‡i 148-166wU Avmb, weGbwc †c‡Z cv‡i 119-137wU Avmb;
Avi Ab¨vb¨ `j †c‡Z cv‡i 15wU Avmb| Avgv‡ì cÖ‡ÿwcZ wnmve KZ `~i
mwVK-†ewVK Zv eyS‡Z Avgiv wKQz cÖ‡qvRbxq A¨vbvjvBwmm K‡iwQ, hvi g‡a¨
Av‡Q †mbwmwUwfwU A¨vbvjvBwmm Ges d¨v±i A¨vWRv÷‡g›U A¨vbvjvBwmm|
Avgv‡ì wn‡mecË‡ii wfwË wnmv‡e eo gv‡ci wZbwU PjK (variable) KvR
Ki‡Q : (1) wfwË †fvU, (2) wfwË Avmb, (3) †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb
wm×v‡šÍi m¤¢ve¨ KvVv‡gv (AbycvZ)| Avgiv 3wU Pj‡Ki m¤¢ve¨ gvb †hŠw³Kfv‡e
cwieZ©b K‡i †`‡LwQ †h, Zv‡Z `jwfwËK Avmb eÈ‡b Ggb †Kv‡bv †ni‡di
nq bv―hv‡Z K‡i P‚ovšÍ Dcmsnvi cwiewZ©Z n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb AvIqvgx jxM
I weGbwc Dfq `‡ji †ÿ‡Î GKB mv‡_ wfwË †fvU (`jxq AbyMZ †fvU) 5
kZvsk Gw`K-Iw`K K‡i †`‡LwQ (hvi cÖfve c‡i †`v`yj¨gvb †fv‡Ui Ici)
†h, Zv‡Z †klch©šÍ cÖ‡ÿwcZ `jwfwËK Avmb msL¨v †Zgb †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b nq
bv| ÒwfwË AvmbÓ-Gi msÁv Av‡iv iÿYkxj Ges Av‡iv D`vi K‡iI †`‡LwQ
†h Zv‡Z Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ I ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ msL¨vi
†ni‡di n‡jI cÖ‡ÿwcZ wbe©vPbx djvdj KvVv‡gv‡Z †Zgb †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b
nq bv| me©‡k‡l †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvimswkøó †hme Abywm×v‡šÍ DcbxZ n‡qwQ,
†mmeI wKQzUv cwieZ©b K‡i m¤¢ve¨ wbe©vPbx djvdj A¨vWRv÷ K‡i †`‡LwQ †h,
Zv‡ZI P‚ovšÍ djvd‡j †Zgb †Kv‡bv cÖfve c‡o bv―P‚ovšÍ Dcmsnvi KvVv‡gv
†gvUvgywU AcwiewZ©ZB _v‡K| myZivs, Avgiv Avmbœ 2024 mv‡ji RvZxq msm`
wbe©vP‡b wewfbœ `‡ji m¤¢ve¨ AvmbmsL¨vi †h cÖ‡ÿcY K‡iwQ, Zv h‡_ógvÎvq
mwVK I `„p-mej (correct and robust) e‡j we‡ewPZ n‡Z cv‡i| Gme
GI cÖgvY K‡i―m¤¢ve¨ wbe©vPbx djvdjmswkøó Avgv‡ì M„nxZ c×wZZË¡
(methodology) h‡_ó weÁvbm¤§Z|
Dcmsnvi
1| Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b †gvU †fvUvi cÖvq 12 †KvwU (wbe©vPb
Kwgkb m~Îg‡Z 11 †KvwU 90 jÿ)| Gme †fvUv‡ii 70 kZvskB
`jxq AbyMZ †fvUvi―Gme †fvUvi Zv‡ì AbyMZ `‡j †fvU †`‡eb|
Gme †fvU n‡jv `‡ji Rb¨ ÒwfwË †fvUÓ| †gvU †fv‡U `jxq AbyMZ
†fv‡Ui (ÒwfwË †fvUÓ) AbycvZ: 30 kZvsk AvIqvgx jxM, 30 kZvsk
weGbwc, 10 kZvsk Ab¨vb¨ `j| `jxq AbyMZ ÒwfwË †fvUÓ (base
vote)-Gi evB‡i evwK 30 kZvsk Ò`jxq AbyMZ bbÓ―GmeB n‡jv

Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUÓ―Giv Kv‡K †fvU †`‡eb, Zv c~e©wba©vwiZ bq|
2| †`‡ki 300wU msm` Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 155wU Avm‡bi fvM¨ †gvUvgywU

wba©vwiZ ejv P‡j| GmeB n‡jv ÒwfwË AvmbÓ (base seat) ev Òm¤¢ve¨
weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ| Gme 155wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 70wU Avmb cv‡e
AvIqvgx jxM, 70wU Avmb cv‡e weGbwc, Avi evwK 15wU Avmb cv‡e
Ab¨vb¨ `j (RvZxq cvwU© 11wU, Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx 2wU, GjwWwc 1wU,
we‡Rwc 1wU)|
3| ÒwfwË †fvUÓ Ges ÒwfwË AvmbÓ w`‡q miKvi MVb-DwÏó †fvU/Avmb

wbiƒwcZ n‡e bv|
4| AvIqvgx jxM I weGbwc―Df‡qiB 70wU K‡i ÒwfwË AvmbÓ Av‡Q|

`ywU `‡ji g‡a¨ †h‡Kv‡bv `‡ji Rb¨ miKvi MVb-DwÏó AviI †h 81wU
Avmb (GmeB ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ) cÖ‡qvRb, Zv †c‡Z n‡j `yB
eo `j‡K wbf©i Ki‡Z n‡e Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ìÓ †fv‡Ui Ici|
†h‡Kv‡bv Avm‡b wRZ‡Z n‡j †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì 56 kZvsk
†fvU †c‡Z n‡e| Avi Gme wba©vwiZ n‡e 145wU Avm‡bi cÖwZwU‡Z
(me¸‡jvB ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ)|
5| Gev‡i †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍ 5wU Ae‡Rw±f

d¨v±i I mswkøó KvD›Uvi-d¨v±i KvR Ki‡e e‡j g‡b nq| Zv n‡jv:
`ªe¨g~j¨, gvbe wbivcËv, cÙv †mZz, 2018 mv‡ji wbe©vPb, Ges
m¨vskb| ÔcÙv †mZzÕ I Ôm¨vskbÕ d¨v±i 2wU AvIqvgx jxM †fvU †KŠk‡j
Kv‡R jvMv‡e, weGbwc Kv‡R jvMv‡e Ab¨ 3wU d¨v±i―`ªe¨g~j¨,
2018 mv‡ji wbe©vPb I gvbe wbivcËv| GKB mv‡_ cÖfveK wn‡m‡e
K‡qKwU mve‡Rw±f d¨v±iI KvR Ki‡e †hgb― AvZ¥xqZv, eÜzevÜe,
NwbóRb, gyiæweŸ‡ì Dc‡`k-Av‡`k-wb‡`©k, wcZ…Zvwš¿KZv (bvixi
†ÿ‡Î)|
6| †`‡ki `wÿY-`wÿY cwðg AÂ‡ji †gvU 68wU Avm‡bi g‡a¨ 23wU

ÒweRq-AwbwðZ AvmbÓ| Gme Avm‡b ÒcÙv †mZz d¨v±iÓ (ÒcÙv †mZz
†fvU jf¨vskÓ) Kv‡R jvwM‡q AvIqvgx jxM †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì 60
kZvsk ivq †c‡Z cv‡i| d‡j GB AÂ‡j AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Kgc‡ÿ
25wU wfwË Avm‡bi mv‡_ Av‡iv 23wU Avmb †hvM n‡q Zv‡ì †gvU
AvmbmsL¨v ùvov‡Z cv‡i Kgc‡ÿ 48wU|
7| †`‡ki `wÿY-`wÿY cwðg AÂ‡ji evB‡i―XvKvmn c~e©-cwðg-DËi
AÂ‡j †h 232wU Avmb Av‡Q, Zvi g‡a¨ 122wU Avm‡b―ÒweRq-
AwbwðZ AvmbÓ―Rq-civR‡q †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU wbqvgK
f‚wgKvq _vK‡e (evèvwK 110wU Avmb †gvUvgywU ÒwfwË AvmbÓ)|
Gme Avm‡b †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡ì †fvU †c‡Z cv‡i AvIqvgx jxM
45-60 kZvsk Avi weGbwc 40-55 kZvsk| GB 122wU Avm‡bi
g‡a¨ AvIqvgx jxM Rqx n‡Z cv‡i 55-73wU Avm‡b Avi weGbwc Rqx
n‡Z cv‡i 49-67wU Avm‡b|
8| 300 Avm‡bi RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jxM †c‡Z cv‡i 148-
166wU Avmb, weGbwc 119-137wU Avmb, Ab¨vb¨ `j 15wU Avmb
(RvZxq cvwU© 11wU, Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx 2wU, GjwWwc 1wU, we‡Rwc
1wU)|
9| wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj web¨vm hv Zv‡Z AvIqvgx jx‡Mi c‡ÿ miKvi
MVb m¤¢vebv me‡P‡q †ewk―Zv †RvUe× †Zv e‡UB GKKfv‡eI n‡Z
cv‡i (†k‡lv³ †ÿ‡Î AvIqvgx jx‡Mi †gvU AvmbmsL¨v n‡Z n‡e m¤¢ve¨
m‡e©v”P AvmbgyLx A_©vr 166 AvmbgyLx)| AvIqvgx jxM‡K †RvUe×
miKvi MVb Ki‡Z n‡j RvZxq cvwU©i mv‡_ †RvU Ki‡Z n‡e| weGbwci
c‡ÿ miKvi MVb m¤¢vebv †bB ej‡jB P‡j| weGbwci c‡ÿ †RvUe×
miKvi MV‡bi GKwU cvwUMvwYwZK m¤¢vebv Av‡Q―†h m¤¢vebv A‡bK
†ewk kZ©mv‡cÿ weavq `ye©j| kZ©mg~n n‡jv (1) weGbwc‡K †c‡Z n‡e
m¤¢ve¨ m‡e©v”PmsL¨vK Avmb (137wU Avmb), (2) †RvU Ki‡Z n‡e
RvZxq cvwU©, Rvgvqv‡Z Bmjvgx, we‡Rwc Ges GjwWwci mv‡_, (3)
AvIqvgx jxM‡K Zvi m¤¢ve¨ me©wb¤œmsL¨vK Avm‡bi (148 Avmb) †ewk
cvIqv Pj‡e bv|
10| Avmbœ RvZxq msm` wbe©vP‡bi m¤¢ve¨ djvdj―`jwfwËK hv †`Lv‡bv
n‡jv, ev¯Í‡e Zvi †P‡q Kg‡ewk n‡Z cv‡i| Kg‡ewk nIqv †hme wel‡qi
Ici wbf©i Ki‡e, Zv n‡jv―wfwË †fvU, wfwË Avmb Ges †`v`yj¨gvb
†fvUvi‡ì †fvU cÖ`vb wm×v‡šÍi c¨vUvb©| Z‡e AvmbmsL¨vi m¤¢ve¨
djvdjRwbZ cwieZ©b hv-B †nvK bv †Kb, Zv‡Z Avgv‡ì cÖ‡ÿwcZ
`jwfwËK Avmb eÈb KvVv‡gv Ges P‚ovšÍ Dcmsnvi AcwiewZ©ZB _vK‡e|

Kvh©wbe©vnK KwgwU 2022-2023
mfvcwZ : Aa¨vcK W. Aveyj eviKvZ
mn-mfvcwZ : Aa¨vcK nvbœvbv †eMg
Aa¨vcK W. †gvt AvjgMxi †nv‡mb f‚uBqv
Aa¨vcK W. †gvt †gvqv‡¾g †nv‡mb Lvb
†gvt †gv¯ÍvwdRyi ingvb mi`vi
Aa¨vcK W. †gvt mvB`yi ingvb
mvaviY m¤cv`K : Aa¨vcK W. †gvt AvBbyj Bmjvg
†Kvlva¨¶ : G †RW Gg mv‡jn&
hyM¥-m¤cv`K : eìæj gywbi
†kL Avjx Avn‡g` UzUzj
mn-m¤cv`K : cv_© mvi_x †Nvl
gbQyi Gg. IqvB. †PŠayix
†gvt Rvnv½xi Avjg
ˆmq` Gmiviæj nK †mv‡cb
†gvt nvweeyj Bmjvg
m`m¨ : W. †gvt wjqvKZ †nv‡mb †gvoj
W. RvgvjDwÏb Avn‡g` GdwmG
Aa¨vcK W. †gvt Rwniæj Bmjvg wmK`vi
Aa¨vcK W. †gvnv¤§` mvw`Kzbœex †PŠayix
Aa¨vcK kvnvbviv †eMg
Aa¨vcK W. †gvt †gvi‡k` †nv‡mb
Aa¨vcK W. †gvt kvwggyj Bmjvg
†gvt †gvRv‡¤§j nK
W. kv‡n` Avn‡g`
†g‡niæb‡bQv
†Lvi‡k`yj Avjg Kv‡ìx
†bQvi Avn‡g`
†gvnv¤§` AvKei Kexi
Aa¨vcK †gvt AvLZviæ¾vgvb Lvb

4/wm B¯‹vUb Mv‡W©b †ivW, XvKv
†dvb: 880-02-222225996
E-mail: bea.dhaka@gmail.com, Web: www.bea-bd.org

VOTARERMONOUTPUTCOPYWithCoverBook 20231026161705

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

VOTARERMONOUTPUTCOPYWithCoverBook 20231026161705

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

†fvUv‡ii gb

Aa¨vcK W. Aveyj eviKvZ

evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ mwgwZ Av‡qvwRZ

evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ mwgwZ

¯^Z¡ 2023  Aveyj eviKvZ

evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ mwgwZ

g~j¨: 300 UvKv, BDGm 15 Wjvi, BD‡iv 12, weªwUk cvDÛ 10

D×…wZ mycvwik: Aveyj eviKvZ (2023), †fvUv‡ii gb I Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq

evsjv‡`k A_©bxwZ mwgwZ, XvKv: 26 A‡±vei, 2023|

QK, e·, mviwY

e· 1: †fv‡Ui wn‡mecË‡ii K‡qKwU aviYv (Kb‡mÞ) Ges mswkøó †hŠw³K gvb 15

†fvUv‡ii gb I Avmbœ 2024 RvZxq msm`

M‡elYv c×wZ cÖm‡½

AbyMZ †fvUvi wbiƒcY KivI AZ mnR bq; G ai‡bi RvZxq cÖwZwbwaZ¡kxj

c×wZMZfv‡e Av‡iv GKUv welq LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©, Avi Zv n‡jv—Avgiv a‡i

†ewk †fvU bv-wK †ewk Avmb?

Av`k© Ae¯’vq †fvU gv‡bB †fvUv‡ii m¤§wZ (consent)| G m¤§wZ

2001-Gi wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx jx‡Mi Zzjbvq weGbwc GKUz †ewk ev cÖvwšÍKfv‡e

mywbwðZ| GgbUvB N‡UwQj 2008 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b| IB wbe©vP‡b AvIqvgx

2008-Gi wbe©vPb wQj AvIqvgx jxM-cÿxq †Rvqv‡ii wbe©vPb| 2008-

MÖnY‡hvM¨Zvi wbwi‡L ÒA‡cÿvK…Z fv‡jvÓ wbe©vPb wn‡m‡e wbKU AZx‡Zi

wRZ‡Z KZ †fvU `iKvi?

Dc‡ivwjøwLZ PviwU wbe©vP‡bi djvdj we‡køl‡Y Av‡iv †hme mvaviY c¨vUvb©

Zvn‡j cÖviw¤¢K wn‡mecËi hv `uvov‡”Q, Zv n‡jv G iKg: Av`k© Ae¯’vq

QK-1: Mo Avmb cÖwZ †fvUvi I †RZvi †fvU (cÖviw¤¢K wn‡me)

wRZ‡Z †h †fvU cÖ‡qvRb 1 jÿ 84 nvRvi

†fvUv‡ii aib †kÖwYwefvRb, wfwË †fvU, wfwË Avmb (m¤¢ve¨

Ò†fv‡Ui Av‡M †fvUv‡ii †fvU cÖ`vb-wm×všÍ c¨vUvb©Ó―G wel‡q Ò`jxq

AvbyMZ¨ cÖkœvZxZ―mewKQz D‡ë †M‡jI Zviv Zv‡`i AbyMZ `‡jB †fvU

GZÿY hv ejjvg Zv n‡jv cÖavbZ ÒwfwË †fvU Ó(aib-1 †fvU) I

ÒwfwË AvmbÓ ev Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ welqwU G iKg : AvIqvgx

Mo-wfwË †fvU, hv ev¯Í‡e wewfbœ Avm‡b 25 kZvsk †_‡K 40 kZvsk ch©šÍ

e· 1: †fv‡Ui wn‡mecË‡ii K‡qKwU aviYv (Kb‡mÞ) Ges mswkøó †hŠw³K gvb

mviwY 1: †fvUv‡ii aib †kÖwYwefvRb, wfwË †fvU, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvU, wfwË

QK 2: wewfbœ `‡ji m¤¢ve¨ ÒwfwË AvmbÓ

ÒwfwË AvmbÓ ev Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓmswkó fvebvq †fŠMwjK

Ges XvKvmn †`‡ki c~e©-cwðg-DËivÂ‡j wfwË AvmbmsL¨vi eÈb I

Avgv‡`i wn‡m‡e ÒcÙv †mZz‡Kw›`ªK AÂjÓ-Gi 19wU †Rjvi †gvU 68wU

jÿYxq †h ÒwfwË AvmbÓ-Gi `jwfwËK eÈb GKai‡bi †fŠMwjKZ¡ (ev

†Kv‡bv GKwU `‡ji wfwË †fvU _v‡K Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †ewk, †`v`yj¨gvb

†h‡nZz ÔAvIqvgx jxMÓ I ÒweGbwcÓ Df‡qiB wfwË AvmbmsL¨v (ev m¤¢ve¨

Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ Kx †`‡L wm×všÍ †b‡eb? Kx ejv n‡e?

Avgiv BwZg‡a¨ ÒwfwË AvmbÓ ev Òm¤¢ve¨ weRq-wbwðZ AvmbÓ aviYvwU

300wU msm`xq Avm‡bi g‡a¨ wfwË AvmbmsL¨v n‡e 155wU| GB 155wU

GB 145wU ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ Avm‡bi †h‡Kv‡bv Avm‡b †h‡Kv‡bv cÖv_©x‡K

Gme †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviiv †hgb bvix-cyiæl Avi MÖvg-kn‡i wefvwRZ, †Zgwb

†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡`i A‡a©K bvix, evwK A‡a©K cyiæl―G‡`i 70 kZvsk

hw` †`‡ki me †fvUv‡ii eqmKvVv‡gv AbycvZUvB AbymiY K‡i, Zvn‡j

mviwY 2: evsjv‡`‡k †fvUvi‡`i eqmKvVv‡gv

†`‡k †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUv‡ii msL¨v n‡e AvbygvwbK 3 †KvwU 60 jÿ (†gvU

(cÖvq 1 †KvwU 25 jÿ, †`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡`i 35 kZvsk); A‡b¨i Av‡qi

Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ A_©vr Ò†Kv_vq †fvU †`‡eb Zv hviv GLbI P‚ovšÍ

ÒweRq-AwbwðZÓ GB 145wU Avm‡bi cÖwZwUi Mo †fvUvimsL¨v 4 jÿ, Avi

bv Kiv Gme †fvUviÓ ev Ò†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUviÓ-Gi g‡b Kx Av‡Q? Zviv Kx

†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡`i †fvU cvIqvi Rb¨ (ÿgZvmxb) miKvwi `j

GLb ¯^vfvweK cÖkœ n‡jv, miKvwi `j (AvIqvgx jxM) Avi we‡ivax `j

†`v`yj¨gvb †fvUvi‡`i †fvU cÖ`vb wm×všÍ cÖfvevwš^Z Ki‡Z AvIqvgx jxM

we`y¨r, mve©Rbxb †cbkb); mvgwóK A_©bxwZ (wRwWwc, cÖe„w×, g~j¨ùxwZ,

miKvwi `j I we‡ivax `j (cÿ-cÖwZcÿ) GKB wel‡q e³e¨ †`‡eb―Z‡e

†Kv‡bv ai‡bi wØav-mskq-Ø¨_©‡eva †hb bv _v‡K, G Rb¨ cybive„wË n‡jI

†hŠw³K wePv‡i miKvwi `j-we‡ivax `j †h e³e¨B nvwRi Kiæb bv †Kb,

ev¯ÍevqbKvix wn‡m‡e AvIqvgx jxM cÖavbgš¿x †kL nvwmbv‡K g‡Wj wn‡m‡e