Simple present

- For communicate actions or permanent states

Colombia has a huge hotel industry
- When talking about states that have regularity or periodicity
I go to the dentist every year
- When referring to routines, habits or things that are done with a certain
frequency
Ana wakes up every day at 6:00 am.
- When giving instructions, indications or signals
You turn left and then go down Oak Street.
- When stating facts, commitments, appointments that will take place at a
specific time.
Next week is the championship.
Common verbs
To be to do to have to eat to read to call to play to study
to drink to buy to walk to watch to listen to
to write to sing to sleep to fly to wash to work
to travel to drive to go to live to play
The particle to is used with the base form of a verb for indicate that the verb is in
the infinitive
When conjugated in the present simple tense, the base form of the verb (without
the “to” particle) is used after the corresponding subject, and it is only modified
when conjugated with the third person singular.
rules
S al final -ss, -sh, -ch, -x -o -vocal + y -consonant + -irregular
o -zz y verb
To eat - eats To watch – To go – goes To buy – buys To study – To be –
watches studies am/is/are
To call - Calls To wash – To do – does To play – plays To fly – flies To have -
washes has

Classification To work To go To study To be To have To do

Singular 1a I work I go I study I am I have I do
persona
2a You work You go You study you are You have You do
persona
3a He works He goes He studies He is He has He does
persona
She works She goes She studies She is She has She does
 It works It goes It studies It is It has It does
1a We work We go We study We are We have We do
persona
2a You work You go You study You are You have You do
Plural
persona
3a They work They go They study They are They have They do
persona

Classification Affirmative Negative Contraction Interrogative WH question

1a persona I eat rice I do not eat I don´t eat rice Do I eat rice Why do you eat
every day rice every every day every day? rice every day?
day
2a persona You play the You do not You don’t play Do you play the Where do you
piano play the the piano piano? play the piano?
piano
He lives in He does not He doesn’t live Does he live in How does he
Singular Colombia live in in Colombia Colombia? live in
Colombia Colombia?
She drinks She does She doesn’t Does she drink Why does she
3a persona too much not drink too drink too much too much soda? drink too much
soda much soda soda soda?
It sleeps very It does not It doesn’t sleep Does it sleep Why does it
well sleep very very well very well? sleep very well?
well
1a persona We walk We do not We don’t walk Do we walk Where we walk
home every walk home home every home every home every
day every day day day? day?
2a persona Diana and Diana and Diana and you Do Diana and Why do Diana
you wash the you do not don’t wash the you wash the and you wash
Plural
dishes wash the dishes dishes? the dishes?
dishes
3a persona They watch They do not They don’t Do They watch Why do they
TV at night watch tv at watch tv at tv at night? watch tv at
night night night?

Subject pronouns
Classification
1a I
person
a
2a You
Singula person
r a
He
3a
person She
a
It

2
 1a We
person
a
2a You
Plural person
a
3a They
person
a

Majuscule You It (Animal, They Subject

object, place) pronoun
My friend and I You and Ana The cow The butterfly, the I eat pizza
are teachers study a lot drinks water eagle and the every night
seagull fly in the
You study a lot It drinks water sky Eat pizza
every night
They fly in the sky

Object pronouns
Classification Subject Object
pronoun pronoun
1a I Me
persona
2a You You
persona
He Him Hector is
looking at
Sandra and
me
Singular
He is
looking at
3a us
persona
She Her Ana Calls
Javier
She calls
him
It It
1a We Us
persona
2a You You
persona

Plural 3a They Them Victor and I

persona work with
Lucia and
Laura
We work
with them

3
Name:
What’s your name? My name is Cindy Perez
Who are you? I am Hector Sanchez, the new teacher

Nationality:
Where are you from? I’m Colombian
Where do you come from?
Occupation:
What do you do for a living?
Address:
126 Main Avenue
One two six Main Avenue
Phone number:
What’s your phone number? My phone number is 5702-3460
The phone number is 918-2435
0 oh
22 doble two 777 triple seven
Age:
How old are you? I am 30 years old
How old is Claudia? She’s 40
You are 60 years old

Family:
Immediate Family
Mother, Daughter, Sister, Wife
Father, Son, Brother, Husband

Different Generations:
Great-Great Grandmother, Great grandmother, Grandmother, mother, daughter,
granddaughter, Great granddaughter, Great-great granddaughter
Great-great grandfather, Great grandfather, Grandfather, father, son, grandson,
Great grandson, Great-great grandson.

4
Extended Family:
Aunt, Niece
Uncle, Nephew
Cousin

The in-Laws
Mother-in-law, Daughter-in-law, sister-in-law
Father-in-law, son-in-law, brother-in-law

Relatives and extended family

Stepmother, stepdaughter, stepsister, half-sister
Stepfather, stepson, stepbrother, half-brother