Name : Gaurav Gayangi

Roll No. : 01
MBA I
Topic: An introduction to Entrepreneurship
1. Introduction to Topic

Introduction
An entrepreneur is an individual who creates a new business,
bearing most of the risks and enjoying most of the rewards. The process of setting up a
business is known as entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurs play a key role in any economy,
using the skills and initiative necessary to anticipate needs and bring new ideas to
market. Entrepreneurship that proves to be successful in taking on the risks of creating
a startup is rewarded with profits and growth opportunities.
Entrepreneurship is the dynamic and transformative process
of creating and managing a new venture. It involves individuals who possess a vision,
drive, and determination to identify opportunities, take calculated risks, and convert
ideas into successful businesses. At its core, entrepreneurship is about innovation,
resilience, and the pursuit of economic and social value. Entrepreneurs are the driving
force behind economic growth and development in societies around the world. They are
individuals who have a deep passion for their ideas and are willing to invest their time,
energy, and resources into turning those ideas into reality.
They are not afraid to challenge the status quo and disrupt
existing industries, often bringing about significant changes and improvements.
Successful entrepreneurs possess a unique set of skills and characteristics. They are
creative thinkers who can spot opportunities where others see challenges. They have a
strong sense of self-belief and are willing to take calculated risks, knowing that failure is
a part of the learning process. They are resilient and adaptable, able to navigate
through uncertainties and setbacks, and adjust their strategies accordingly.
Entrepreneurship is not limited to starting new businesses. It also encompasses the
ability to innovate within existing organizations, bringing about positive change and
growth. In today's rapidly evolving global economy, entrepreneurial thinking is highly
valued by employers and organizations seeking to stay competitive and relevant. The
impact of entrepreneurship goes beyond the economic sphere. It has the potential to
create jobs, drive technological advancements, and address social and environmental
challenges. Entrepreneurs have the power to shape communities, foster social change,
and contribute to the betterment of society.
2. Definition, features, and characteristics of the topic : 3 and 3 Marks

Definition
Entrepreneurship is the process of identifying, creating, and pursuing opportunities to
establish and manage a new venture or to innovate within existing organizations. It
involves the ability to take calculated risks, mobilize resources, and apply innovation
and creativity to generate economic and social value.

Features
• Innovation: Entrepreneurship is closely linked to innovation. Entrepreneurs
introduce new ideas, products, services, processes, or business models that
disrupt existing markets or create entirely new ones. They constantly seek ways
to improve and differentiate themselves from competitors.
• Risk-taking: Entrepreneurship inherently involves taking risks. Entrepreneurs are
willing to step into the unknown, face uncertainty, and make decisions with
limited information. They understand that failure is a possibility but view it as a
learning experience and a stepping stone towards success.
• Opportunity identification: Entrepreneurs have a keen eye for identifying
opportunities in the market. They are skilled at recognizing gaps, unmet needs,
and emerging trends. They leverage their insights to create ventures that
capitalize on these opportunities.
• Resource mobilization: Entrepreneurs are adept at mobilizing resources, whether
it's financial capital, human talent, or technological capabilities. They seek
funding from investors, build teams, establish networks, and leverage
partnerships to bring their ideas to life and scale their ventures.

Characteristics
• Visionary and passionate: Entrepreneurs possess a clear vision of what they
want to achieve. They have a strong passion for their ideas and are driven to
make a positive impact. Their enthusiasm and unwavering belief in their vision
inspire others to join them on their entrepreneurial journey.
• Perseverance and resilience: Entrepreneurship is not without challenges and
setbacks. Successful entrepreneurs exhibit perseverance and resilience in the
face of adversity. They are determined to overcome obstacles, learn from
failures, and keep pushing forward towards their goals.
 • Self-motivated and proactive: Entrepreneurs are self-starters who take initiative
and are motivated to make things happen. They are proactive in seeking
opportunities, taking action, and continuously learning and adapting to changes
in the business environment.
• Creativity and adaptability: Entrepreneurs think outside the box and are creative
in finding innovative solutions. They embrace change and are adaptable to new
circumstances and market demands. They are open to feedback, willing to pivot
their strategies, and seize new opportunities as they arise.
• Leadership and decision-making: Entrepreneurs are natural leaders who can
inspire and influence others. They have the ability to make tough decisions under
pressure and provide direction to their teams. They are also responsible for
setting goals, managing resources, and creating a culture of collaboration and
growth.

3. Types, advantages, Tools, and instruments:

Types
There are various types of entrepreneurship that exist, each with its own characteristics
and focus. Here are some common types of entrepreneurship:
• Small Business Entrepreneurship: This type of entrepreneurship involves starting
and operating a small-scale business. Small business entrepreneurs typically
have a local or regional focus and aim to provide products or services to meet
the needs of their immediate community. They often handle all aspects of the
business, from planning and financing to operations and customer relations.
• Scalable Startup Entrepreneurship: Scalable startup entrepreneurs aim to build
innovative businesses with the potential for rapid growth and scalability. They
typically focus on developing new technologies, products, or services that can
disrupt existing industries or create entirely new markets. These entrepreneurs
often seek external funding from venture capitalists or angel investors to fuel their
growth.
• Social Entrepreneurship: Social entrepreneurship involves addressing social or
environmental issues while also generating profits. Social entrepreneurs create
ventures with a mission to solve societal problems, such as poverty, inequality, or
environmental sustainability. They aim to create positive social impact and often
operate as hybrid organizations, blending business principles with a social or
environmental mission.
• Corporate Entrepreneurship: Corporate entrepreneurship refers to
entrepreneurial activities within established companies or organizations. It
involves individuals or teams within the organization identifying and pursuing new
business opportunities, developing innovative products or services, and driving
 organizational growth and competitiveness. Corporate entrepreneurship can help
large companies stay agile and adapt to changing market conditions.
• Online and E-commerce Entrepreneurship: With the rise of the internet and
digital technologies, online and e-commerce entrepreneurship has become
increasingly popular. These entrepreneurs leverage online platforms and
technologies to create and scale businesses, ranging from e-commerce stores to
digital marketing agencies, software development, and online content creation.
• Lifestyle Entrepreneurship: Lifestyle entrepreneurs prioritize the flexibility and
personal fulfillment that their business ventures provide. They start businesses
aligned with their passions, hobbies, or desired lifestyle. These entrepreneurs
often seek work-life balance and focus on businesses that allow them to enjoy
their lifestyle preferences while generating income.
• Tech Entrepreneurship: Tech entrepreneurs are focused on leveraging
technology to create innovative products, services, or solutions. They often
operate in industries such as software development, artificial intelligence,
robotics, biotechnology, and other cutting-edge fields. Tech entrepreneurship
requires a deep understanding of technology and its applications.
It's important to note that these types of entrepreneurship are not mutually exclusive,
and many entrepreneurs may blend multiple elements depending on their goals and
interests.

Advantage
Entrepreneurship offers numerous advantages that make it an attractive path for
individuals willing to take risks and pursue their business ideas. Here are some key
advantages of entrepreneurship:
• Independence and Autonomy: One of the most significant advantages of
entrepreneurship is the ability to be your own boss. Entrepreneurs have the
freedom to make decisions, set their own direction, and shape the destiny of their
ventures. They are not bound by the restrictions of traditional employment and
have the autonomy to create their own work environment.
• Fulfillment and Passion: Starting a business around something you are
passionate about can bring a sense of fulfillment and personal satisfaction.
Entrepreneurs have the opportunity to turn their hobbies, interests, or expertise
into a viable venture, allowing them to align their work with their personal values
and aspirations.
• Unlimited Income Potential: Unlike traditional employment, where income is often
fixed or limited by a salary scale, entrepreneurship provides the potential for
unlimited earnings. Successful entrepreneurs can build profitable businesses,
 scale their operations, and create wealth through innovation, market demand,
and strategic growth.
• Flexibility and Work-Life Balance: Entrepreneurs have the flexibility to define their
own work schedule and balance their personal and professional lives according
to their needs and preferences. While starting a business requires dedication and
hard work, entrepreneurs can often have more control over their time and enjoy a
greater work-life integration.
• Opportunities for Growth and Learning: Entrepreneurship is a constant learning
journey. It offers opportunities for personal and professional growth, as
entrepreneurs acquire new skills, gain knowledge about various business
aspects, and expand their networks. They are constantly challenged to adapt,
innovate, and develop themselves as they navigate through the entrepreneurial
landscape.

Tools and Instruments

Entrepreneurship requires the effective use of various tools and instruments to navigate
the complex landscape of starting and managing a business. Here are some key tools
and instruments commonly utilized by entrepreneurs:
• Business Plan: A comprehensive business plan serves as a roadmap for the
entrepreneurial journey. It outlines the mission, vision, goals, and strategies of
the venture. It includes market analysis, financial projections, marketing plans,
and operational details, providing a blueprint for success and a reference point
for decision-making.
• Market Research: Market research tools help entrepreneurs gather information
about their target market, customer preferences, industry trends, and competitive
landscape. Surveys, focus groups, interviews, and online research platforms
enable entrepreneurs to gain insights that inform product development,
marketing strategies, and business positioning.
• Financial Management Tools: Effective financial management is crucial for
entrepreneurial success. Tools such as accounting software, budgeting and
forecasting tools, and financial dashboards help entrepreneurs track income,
expenses, and cash flow, as well as make informed financial decisions and
manage resources efficiently.
• Communication and Collaboration Tools: Entrepreneurs often work in teams and
need tools to facilitate effective communication and collaboration. Email services,
project management software, video conferencing platforms, and cloud-based
storage systems enable seamless collaboration, information sharing, and remote
work.
• Marketing and Advertising Tools: Entrepreneurs need to reach and engage their
target audience. Marketing tools like social media platforms, content
 management systems, email marketing software, and search engine optimization
tools assist in creating and implementing marketing campaigns, measuring their
effectiveness, and building brand awareness.

4. Name of startup /company that has used the concept and topic allocated
4.1 Introduction
One startup/company in India that has embraced the concept of
entrepreneurship is Flipkart. Flipkart is an e-commerce company founded in 2007 by
Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal, who were both former employees of Amazon. The
company started as an online bookstore and eventually expanded into various product
categories. Flipkart is an excellent example of entrepreneurial success in India. It
disrupted the traditional retail industry by offering a convenient and user-friendly
platform for online shopping. The founders identified the untapped potential of e-
commerce in the Indian market and took calculated risks to build their venture. Through
relentless innovation, strategic partnerships, and a customer-centric approach, Flipkart
grew rapidly and became one of India's largest e-commerce platforms. The company
introduced various initiatives like cash-on-delivery, easy returns, and affordable pricing,
which revolutionized the way Indians shopped online.
In 2018, Flipkart made headlines when it was acquired by Walmart, a
global retail giant, for a massive $16 billion. This acquisition further validated Flipkart's
entrepreneurial journey and highlighted its significant impact on the Indian business
landscape. Flipkart's success story showcases the power of entrepreneurship in India. It
exemplifies how an innovative startup can disrupt established industries, create jobs,
and contribute to the economy. Flipkart's journey has also inspired numerous aspiring
entrepreneurs in India, encouraging them to pursue their ideas and build successful
ventures. It's important to note that while Flipkart is a prominent example, there are
numerous other startups and companies in India that have utilized the concepts of
entrepreneurship to achieve remarkable success and contribute to the country's
entrepreneurial ecosystem.

4.2 : Name of Founder /Founder Team, contact details, email id, and location

Name Flipkart

Industry Internet
 Headquarters Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

Website https://www.flipkart.com/

Contact Number 18002089898

Contact Email cs@flipkart.com

Founder Binny Bansal, Sachin Bansal

No of employees 21933

Founded 2007

Revenue $3B

4.3: Products /Services offered

Flipkart, as an e-commerce platform, offers a wide range of products and services to its
customers in India. Here are some of the key offerings provided by Flipkart:
• Online Shopping: Flipkart provides a comprehensive online marketplace where
customers can purchase a diverse range of products across categories such as
electronics, fashion, home appliances, furniture, books, beauty products, and
more. Customers can browse through the extensive catalog, read product
descriptions and reviews, compare prices, and make purchases with ease.
• Mobiles and Electronics: Flipkart offers a dedicated section for mobile phones,
tablets, laptops, televisions, cameras, audio accessories, and other electronic
devices. Customers can find products from various popular brands, compare
specifications and prices, and make informed decisions before purchasing.
 • Fashion and Lifestyle: Flipkart features an extensive collection of clothing,
footwear, accessories, and beauty products for men, women, and children.
Customers can explore the latest fashion trends, shop for traditional or
contemporary outfits, and discover a wide range of options to suit their style
preferences.
• Home and Kitchen Appliances: Flipkart provides a range of home and kitchen
appliances, including refrigerators, air conditioners, washing machines, kitchen
appliances, home decor items, and more. Customers can choose from different
brands, read product specifications, and make purchases for their household
needs.
• Books and Media: Flipkart initially started as an online bookstore, and it
continues to offer an extensive collection of books across various genres and
languages. Additionally, customers can find movies, music CDs, gaming
consoles, and other media-related products.
• Flipkart Plus: Flipkart has a loyalty program called Flipkart Plus, where
customers can earn rewards and enjoy additional benefits such as free and
faster delivery, early access to sales and discounts, and priority customer
support.
• Payment Options and Services: Flipkart offers multiple payment options,
including cash-on-delivery, credit/debit cards, net banking, UPI, and EMI
facilities. It also provides secure and hassle-free payment gateways for a
seamless shopping experience.
These are just a few examples of the wide range of products and services offered by
Flipkart. The platform continues to expand its offerings and introduce new features to
cater to the evolving needs of its customers in India.

4.4 What innovation did they do

Flipkart, India’s homegrown e-commerce marketplace, today
announced the launch of Flipkart Labs to build and create technology-based solutions
that can redefine e-commerce and enhance the shopping experience for millions of
customers. Based out of its headquarters in Bengaluru, India, Flipkart Labs will fast-
track an in-house innovation capability with a vision to propel and shape the future of
customer-centric e-commerce in India. This new arm will leverage emerging
technologies, incubate cutting-edge ideas, and deliver breakthrough solutions to the
ecosystem.
The Innovation Lab will enable Flipkart and its group
companies to test exciting new Web3 and Metaverse use-cases with real-world
applications, including NFT-related use-cases, Virtual Immersive Storefronts, Play to
Earn, and other Blockchain related use-cases. The Innovation Lab will also serve as a
vehicle for innovative research across areas including redefining customer experience,
logistics / supply chain, and accelerating digital commerce in the future. Flipkart
Camera, formed after the acquisition of AR/VR startup Scapic in November 2020, has
since deployed multiple 3D and Augmented Reality-based immersive shopping
experiences and will continue to mature under the newly formed Flipkart Labs umbrella.
Jeyandran Venugopal, Chief Product and Technology Officer,
Flipkart, said, “Flipkart has pioneered innovation in e-commerce in India and made it an
integral part of our lives. This has been possible with many innovative initiatives over
the last decade such as Cash On Delivery (CoD), Easy Returns, No Cost EMI, and
more. As we continue to grow and experiment, we will operate at the intersection of
business and technology to make innovation real and relevant for customers. With
Flipkart Labs, we are looking at strengthening our in-house innovation capabilities by
carving out a dedicated, entrepreneurial team and look forward to bright and curious
minds joining us to transform the way India shops. ”
Naren Ravula, VP and Head, Product Strategy and Deployment,
Flipkart Labs, added, “We are in the early days of a paradigm shift from Web2.0 to
Web3.0 and this evolution of the web/internet built on the concepts of decentralization,
openness, and greater user utility, will have a profound impact across many areas
including e-commerce. Web 3.0 is poised to play a strong role in India`s digital
acceleration. We are committed to the growth of the e-commerce ecosystem in India
and Web 3.0 leverages the best of latest technology like blockchain for real world use
cases that can digitally transform businesses like ours. Some of the use-cases like
immersive commerce, NFT-related use-cases and more are very promising and, as one
of the first areas of focus in Flipkart Labs, we want to collaborate with the passionate
Web3 community, innovate and set the standard for commerce in the Metaverse.”
Flipkart Labs will be housed in the Product Strategy &
Deployment (PSD) arm of the Flipkart Group and will work with talent building
technology solutions in this space. It will also look at potential collaborations beyond the
organization with brands, merchants, startups, and technologists.

4.5 what problem did they experience to get an idea as a business opportunity?/
Market Analysis
• Problems:
Rapid Acquisition Spree
Flipkart has been lately looking to up the game by focusing on improving user
experience. Given that the company is reportedly posting losses, and competition is
heating up, so siphoning funds on improving user engagement on their platform isn’t
exactly first priority. This rapid acquisition spree might turn out to be damaging for
the finances.
Intense Rivalry
There is no dearth of competitors in the online retail space. Be it international
players like Amazon, eBay, and Alibaba or local ones like Shopclues, Snapdeal, and
Paytm etc. Presence of so many rivals selling similar products immensely reduces
revenues. Two top firms in Amazon & Flipkart are locked in a battle of burning cash,
offering festive sales, and ambitious money infusions from investors. Because they
both want to conquer the Indian online retail market and oust the other.
Buyer Power & Switching
The online retail market is saturated with Snapdeal, Paytm, Ebay, Myntra Reliance
Digital, and Nyka etc. Customers visibly have lower switching costs; they instantly
switch from one online shopping website to another. The products are mostly the same
apart from a few brands. Hence, ‘standing out’ is tough to say the least.

• Opportunities:
While there are many obstacles on the way, there are situations where Flipkart can
benefit and leverage from. Let’s take a look at the Opportunities:
Post-Pandemic Sentiments
Just like COVID has wreaked havoc globally, it also provides great impetus for
embracing ‘digital’. As more and more consumers are being aware and switching
to online consumption of services. You might be ordering your daily essentials
though these E-commerce websites. It Is a golden opportunity for Flipkart to grab
on. They should extend its range of offerings focusing on consumer sentiments and
insights.

Market Development
Owing to the thrust towards digital economy and retail, Flipkart should indulge in new
market development and extend its services. Flipkart has to be move across borders
of India and serve customers from neighbouring geographies like South-East Asian
countries. Because these countries have a high demand for online retail. Entering into
joint ventures with local players, Flipkart can look to diversify its revenue from
alternate markets.

Delivery Excellence
Order returns, refunds, cancelations, redressal of delivery issues, and fake product
deliveries etc are issues Flipkart should enhance in their ranks. Flipkart should try to
reduce the delivery times and increase its operational efficiency for tier 2 & 3 cities
because rural dwellers are now surging to online shopping.

Secure and Streamline Payments

Better online secure payments can instill more confidence in people to shop online.
India has one of the highest no of smartphone users in the world. Flipkart can
look to streamline payments for their orders through an in-house payment service
like AmazonPay to include new product lines.
And Flipkart can also look to ride on the wave of ‘Vocal for Local’ sentiments in
India allowing more MSMEs to sell on their platforms.

4.6 : Journey of a startup, how they raised capital

Journey:
Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal, the founders of e-commerce giant
Flipkart might seem to be related but are not. Sachin and Binny both attended the same
school. After completing their school, both became the alumni of the prestigious Indian
Institute of Technology, New Delhi. In spite of attending the same school and the
college, they were never good friends. The final year project of both individuals, Sachin
and Binny, were given X-grade or Unsatisfactory grade. And due to that, they were
instructed to work throughout the summer to fulfill their course requirements, which
consequently led them to become good friends. After graduating in 2005, both of them
went on their quest for the jobs. Sachin happily applied and joined the Amazon as a
Software Engineer, whereas at the same time Binny wanted to join Google. However,
he was rejected by Google. When Sachin found about the Binny’s rejection, he referred
him to the hiring team, and hence Binny ended up at Amazon alongside his friend,
Sachin. Sooner after joining the Amazon, they quit their job like most of the budding
entrepreneurs. And subsequently, started the e-commerce startup, Flipkart. Flipkart was
then started as a price comparison website. However, they soon found out the hidden
opportunities lying in the e-commerce sector of the overly populated country, India.
During that time, there were a few major e-commerce players such as Indiamart which
weren’t able to provide the required quality services. Also, the decade-old-revolutionary
concept of e-commerce was still young to India, which gave Sachin and Binny the
optimism of starting an e-commerce startup. Hence began the now-known e-commerce
giant, Flipkart, as an online book retailer.
“Starting is easy; Persistence is an art.”
In my opinion, this is the quote which perfectly describes the success
of the Flipkart because the initial days of Flipkart weren’t comfortable . The initial
months were hard. It took around 18 months before the website finally took off.
However, until then, the founders of an e-commerce startup had to live on the allowance
from their parents. During an interview, Sachin recalls the initial days of the startup
when they use to stand outside the bookstores and hand out “Flipkart bookmarks” to
those who purchased the books. ‘Buying books online’ wasn’t something that was
accepted widely during 2007. And due to that their offers were rejected by major book
vendors. Finally, on the twenty-fourth of October 2007, they got their first order which
was one of the John Wood’s books titled “Leaving Microsoft to change the world.” First
sale and a few successes later, in 2012, Flipkart reported a loss of more than 280 crore
INR which unquestionably is a hardship for any e-commerce startup. All in all, Flipkart
founders had to face many hardships before making it into a multi-billion dollar brand.
Contrary to hardships, let’s talk about the fruits they achieved from those hardships.

How they raised capital:

Flipkart, the Indian startup market, from 2007, has quite the story to tell through the
years. It has seen a great rise and stood up to one of its biggest competitors. It is now at
a crucial juncture in its lifetime. Flipkart, even thru its rollercoaster ride, did make a few
significant landmarks that can’t be missed. The company has set the stage for many
other startups. it remains to be a great source of inspiration.
It was Flipkart’s investor who held her up high in times of turmoil. This is especially true
during its competition with Amazon when Flipkart managed to sail smooth. This was
even when Amazon entered the Indian market and started swallowing up big and small
companies. Flipkart’s noteworthy investors include Tiger Global Management, Naspers,
Accel Partners, Dragoneer Investment Group and Sofina. Some other major investors
include ICONIQ Capital, DST Global, GIC and Morgan Stanley Investment
Management.
FLIPKART’S VALUATION THROUGH THE YEARS
The company has been raising funds that score in the ballpark of
$1billion till 2017. The funding by investors has revived Flipkart even in the face of
internal problems. The company has also faced a gradually dry capital raising ground.
Let us look at the financial funding and valuations that have driven the Flipkart story:
The Early Years
• 2007: As we saw earlier, the company was started with the personal funds of
Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal. The initial investment was 4 lakh or $6,000.
 • 2008: Next year, Ashish Gupta, who is the founder of Junglee and Helion
Venture Partners funds Flipkart.
• 2009: The venture capital firm Accel India was the next to pitch in. The funds
went into the institutionalisation of the company. Their funds were valued at $1
million. Further, Flipkart received $10 million from Tiger Global Management. At
this point, the company’s valuation was reported to be just lower than $50 million.
• 2010-11: By 2010, It had raised yet another $20 million from Tiger Global and
had also begun negotiations with private equity funds like General Atlantic. The
valuation of the company had by then climbed to $1 billion.
• 2012: By this time, Flipkart announced its 4th round of funding. This was valued
at US$150 million and came from MIH of Naspers(South African tech major)
Group and ICONIQ Capital. Flipkart, in 2012 became a unicorn startup.
• 2013: By mid-2013, Flipkart got $200 million in funding from existing investors.
The company went to to get $160 million more. These were sponsored by
Morgan Stanley, Sofina, Vulcan Capital and Dragoneer. Now the Flipkart
valuation was reported to be $1.6 billion.
Flipkart Reaches The Top Of The Curve
• 2014: This was a big year for Flipkart with multiple fundings and investments
pouring in. First, it acquired Myntra in 2014. Flipkart then raised $210 million from
DST Global. This got the giant at a valuation that stood at $2.6 billion.
• This event also led to Flipkart acquiring a ginormous $1B funding. This was from
GIC Singapore along with existing investors like Naspers, DST Global and Tiger
Global. As expected, the company’s valuation jumped a sizeable 1.5 times. Now
the numbers are at $7 billion. All this was incorporated within a short span of less
than a quarter of a year. Quite an achievement!
• They weren’t done for the year yet. Flipkart further raised a $700 million fund.
This was from hedge funds that included Greenoaks and Steadview Capital.
They were supported by sovereign wealth fund Qatar Investment Authority and
mutual fund T. Rowe Price.
• As the year closed, Flipkart’s valuation had been spiked to more than $11 billion.
• 2015: Like the previous year, with a stroke of luck and great investments, by
2015, Flipkart reached its highest valuation ever. The figure stood at a whopping
$15.5 billion. Flipkart had also raised $700 million from all its existing investors
now.
A Downhill Journey
• 2016: As with all things high up on the curve, a fall is imminent. 2016 was the
year that saw the numbers run down. The first markdown the company received
was by a Morgan Stanley Mutual Fund. It was a big one and its valuation took a
good fall to $11billion.
• The markdowns kept coming. This time it was by the various mutual fund
investors. These include Vanguard, T. Rowe Price and Fidelity.
 • Valic, a US fund, had marked up the valuation of its shares with Flipkart by 10
per cent. This gave a sight upping and saved the valuation of Flipkart at $11.5
billion.
• Yet again, Morgan Stanley Mutual Fund stabbed with a considerable cut to its
value of the Flipkart shares. This cost Flipkart dearly and dropped the valuation
to a mere $5.6 billion.
• 2018: The Flipkart Marketplace Singapore gives a US$4.5 billion to its Indian
entity, Flipkart Internet.
WALMART ACQUIRES FLIPKART MAKES HEADLINES
In a piece of news that shocked the world but had it coming, Walmart
acquired Flipkart. Amazon and Walmart had a bidding war to acquire a majority stake in
Flipkart. On 4 May 2018, Walmart acquired Flipkart shares for US$15 billion. By 9 May
2018, Walmart announced that it would get a 77% controlling stake in Flipkart. This was
for US$16 billion and was subject to regulatory approval.

4.7 conclusion
A company started by two people from a two bedroom apartment
has driven to unimaginable heights within a decade. This undoubtedly is an inspiration
to millions. The journey of a small e-commerce startup of books to becoming India’s
largest e-commerce platform inspires the generation of startups. From handling
bookmarks to handling multi-billion dollar company, Sachin Bansal and Binny Bansal
are excellent examples of doers. Flipkart story proves that one doesn’t need to have a
revolutionary idea to build a business. A good idea and even better execution is all
that’s necessary.

5. Conclusion and plagiarism report

Conclusion
In conclusion, entrepreneurship is a powerful force that drives economic growth, fosters
innovation, and creates opportunities for individuals and societies. It is a mindset and
skill set that enables individuals to identify and seize opportunities, take calculated risks,
and turn their ideas into successful ventures. Entrepreneurs play a vital role in shaping
the business landscape, driving technological advancements, and addressing social
and environmental challenges. Entrepreneurship is not limited to starting new
businesses but also extends to innovation within existing organizations. It encourages a
culture of creativity, adaptability, and continuous improvement. In today's rapidly
changing world, entrepreneurial thinking is crucial for organizations to stay competitive
and embrace change.

Plagiarism report

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commerce-ecosystem/85627/
3. Optimising the supply chain and logistics for Online Retail

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9. https://www.avinashchandra.com/flipkart-story
10. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flipkart
11. https://startuptalky.com/flipkart-success-story/#Flipkart_-_Products/Services