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    rumaisho faiqoh
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    1. Hypokalemia is defined as a serum potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L. Symptoms range from mild like headache and nausea to severe like confusion, vomiting, and muscle weakness. 2. Causes include renal or gastrointestinal potassium loss, redistribution of potassium into cells, and hypokalemic periodic paralysis. 3. Treatment depends on severity and cause but generally involves oral or IV potassium supplementation along with treating the underlying cause. Close monitoring of potassium levels is important.

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    1. Hypokalemia is defined as a serum potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L. Symptoms range from mild like headache and nausea to severe like confusion, vomiting, and muscle weakness. 2. Causes include renal or gastrointestinal potassium loss, redistribution of potassium into cells, and hypokalemic periodic paralysis. 3. Treatment depends on severity and cause but generally involves oral or IV potassium supplementation along with treating the underlying cause. Close monitoring of potassium levels is important.

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    6 views5 pages

    Refresh Hiponatremia

    Uploaded by

    rumaisho faiqoh
    1. Hypokalemia is defined as a serum potassium level below 3.5 mEq/L. Symptoms range from mild like headache and nausea to severe like confusion, vomiting, and muscle weakness. 2. Causes include renal or gastrointestinal potassium loss, redistribution of potassium into cells, and hypokalemic periodic paralysis. 3. Treatment depends on severity and cause but generally involves oral or IV potassium supplementation along with treating the underlying cause. Close monitoring of potassium levels is important.

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    of 5

    #poNat

    Hipo N+

    DoF:Nation <135mea/dl

    oncein
    serum

    O
    mild : 130 - 4/35 >485am

    moderaty:125-135 >48 5am 3


    Jantung
    -

    severe 115 -
    125
    about on kronik
    ↳ Osteoporosis

    extreme:<115

    Gesala
    -

    Asimptomatik:

    Mild: Konsentran
    ↓

    NyeriKepala, mual, muntah

    moderate severe:gangguan
    to orientasi, muntah hebat, nyeriKepala hebat

    Severe:↓Kesadavan (somnolen, sopor)


    seizure

    Cardiorespiratoriarrest

    True:osmolaritas hypotonik

    egirami-manifol-piperialise
    set oneto
    1000 per
    proteining

    Hipotonik <270

    Isotonik270-285

    ⑭rosa
    Hiper
    Gluroca
    >285 dining isan

    ⑮ 50 1204
    Setiappeningratan 100 glukosa ↓Na 2,4
    Hiretit
    mulaing a diatas200 Proximal:Acetazolamid

    LOOD :Eurosemid

    Na:125 Paling banyak 4


    -
    Distal :tiazid
    reabsorbat
    6)UK:400 Collecting:spironolacton

    Etologi
    Diuretik(tiazid
    + HET)
    status hidras ·

    * Dehidras
    -
    Renal loss
    sostelikdirretrCecealt sensorones
    1 wasting

    ⑭
    aexc*Hipovolemi Extra renal 1055

    TPEomitoigFcozitn
    As
    * Normohidras

    7
    ⑭
    Next
    T.b**
    Eenvolomia

    * Overhidras

    Hipervolumin

    ①neiro.
    1.
    SIADA Inapropiate antidiuretichormon syndrom

    malignant:a paru, Ca Pankreas, Ca buli, limtoma, la endometrium

    ↑4
    Pulmonary:Pneumoni, TB, abses part, asma, COPD, ARD5

    C N :stroke, Perdarahan stack, abses otak, headinjury, meningitis, ensetalitis

    Drug antidepresan, antiprikotik, NSAID

    tain":HIV/AID5

    ⑭
    CHF

    basal ginjal

    Netrotik

    Sirosis depatis

    Hamil
    =crapi
    Emergency
    -) Jezula benat #

    dptdiulansten
    Nace 30bolus
    concomnt
    langsung car Na ulang

    targetdim1-2fam nalk5meg/dl -> bila belum

    naikmake boleh diulong


    Bila sudah tercapai:

    Perhalkan

    3
    -
    Klinis: .

    10meq/d) Kenaikanny dim 245am target


    -
    Na serum 130 mea/dl Lalah sat]

    Bila tidak tercapai->Nace 3% drip


    mmol/2/ Jam

    Sambil bertalan cek Na 4-6 sam

    Non-Emergency
    Dehidvas: ⑭0......
    Rinsula.3.5.0-m 0 Re
    10 ban
    i ate
    Asimptomatik mild

    3
    ->

    1
    on cerNa+dim
    300:0,5mmo/2/5
    Romatan:
    -

    300/Agbb

    Renidras
    moderate severe

    Cepat
    50%/:Famen
    ->

    Na3%=0.5mmol/2/5am
    - >

    -s Aimptomatik /mild:batasi cairan <12/245am

    Normohidras
    1
    - moderate severe

    3%:0,5mmol/1/5am

    ->
    Arimptomatik (mild:batanCairan
    I <0152/2450m

    Overhidras +
    Furosemid target0,50/ kgbb/fam

    ↳
    -

    moderate severe:Nace 3% 0.5 mmol/2/5am

    cepat batasicairan 2500/245am

    Furosemid target10
    -
    1-1.52/kgbb/5am

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