COMPANY PROFILE

Binder offers specialist sewage treatment together with waste and

pump station solutions. Providing a complete waste management
solution we can help you to be environmentally responsible, returning
waste to the ground as agricultural fertiliser.

Established in 1984 by Mr RAVI CHANDRAN, today we are a successful

family business employing more than thirty staff. Our commitment to
delivering a first class service is reflected in our quality management
system. All aspects of our business are accredited to the international
standard ISO 9000.

We take care of the whole lifecycle of domestic waste from the

collection of septic tank and sewage treatment plant waste to the
transformation of this waste into safe agricultural fertiliser. We can
also provide a complete solution for sewage treatment plants from
sales, to installation and maintenance.

In addition to the domestic services, Binder also provide waste

disposal services for car park interceptors, tank bunds, boat bilges and
garage workshop pits. We provide expertise in dealing with oil spills in
ponds, rivers and yards.

OUR PRODUCTS

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SERVICING
We all know how important it is to get boilers and cars serviced
regularly. Sewage treatment plants are like any other machine, they
are much more likely to be trouble free if they are serviced on a
regular basis. At Binder we have cost-effective, regular servicing
available to help your treatment plant stay running smoothly for many
years. We ensure that your treatment plant maintains the effluent
quality required.

We manage everything in-house to ensure a first-class service. Binder

is accredited to ISO 9000 and this international standard is reflected in
the quality of service throughout our business. With every treatment
plant service, our trained engineers endeavour to take final effluent
samples which are analysed at Binder. All results are kept on record to
monitor equipment efficiency over time.

Fast, reliable AND environmentally responsible.

Binder operates a large fleet of tankers that are available for emptying
domestic septic tanks, sewage treatment plants and cesspools.

We have designed, developed and manufactured concrete products for

the sewage industry since 1985 and hold a comprehensive stock of
pre-cast concrete products. We also have a glass fibre fabrication
department, offering complete flexibility to make a range of bespoke
pump stations.

Binder offers specialist sewage treatment together with waste and

pump station solutions. Providing a complete waste management
solution we can help you to be environmentally responsible, returning
waste to the ground as agricultural fertiliser.

Established in 1984 by Mr RAVI CHANDRAN, today we are a successful

family business employing more than thirty staff. Our commitment to
delivering a first class service is reflected in our quality management
system. All aspects of our business are accredited to the international
standard ISO 9000.
At Binder we take being environmentally responsible very seriously.
That is why we are accredited to ISO 9000 and strive to constantly
improve our services.

OUR POLICY

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We feel that everyone can help to do their little bit for the environment
in general, not just for the treatment and disposal of sewage but in the
whole area of waste management and product consumption. That is
why we believe it is important for homes and businesses to know
about recycling and the "three R's".

The important three R's are REDUCE, REUSE and RECYCLE.

1- REDUCE where possible it is important to reduce the amount of

products we consume, from fuel to packaging.

2- REUSE where possible it is important to use reusable products

rather than disposable ones, and to reuse items before throwing them
away, including items such as carrier bags.

3- RECYCLE where possible it is important to choose products that can

be recycled at the end of their lifespan, and to make sure that we
recycle rather than discard used items.

PROFILE OF THE RIVER:

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FACTS & FIGURES

Source: Yamunotri
Length: 1,370 km
Coverage: Uttranchal, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and Delhi
Tributaries: Chambal, Betwa, Sind & Ken

Distinguished Independent Segments of River Yamuna

(172
Himalayan Segment From origin to Tajewala Barrage
kms)
Tajewala Barrage to Wazirabad (224
Upper Segment
Barrage kms)
Delhi Segment Wazirabad Barrage to Okhla Barrage (22 kms)
Eutriphicated (490
Okhla Barrage to Chambal Confluence
Segment kms)
Chambal Confluence to Ganga (468
Diluted Segment
Confluence kms)

The catchment of Yamuna river system covers parts of Uttar Pradesh,

Uttranchal, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh &
Delhi states.

The catchment of River Yamuna

Total Catchment Area in Yamuna (in %age

Name of State
Sq. Km.) contribution
Uttar
Pradesh(including 74208 21.5
Uttranchal)
Himachal Pradesh5799 1.6
Haryana 21265 6.5
Rajasthan 102883 29.8
Madhya Pradesh 14028 40.6
Delhi 1485 0.4

The tributaries contribute 70.9% of catchment area and balance

29.1% accounted for direct drainage into the Yamuna river or to the

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smaller tributaries. On the basis of area, the catchment basin of
Yamuna amounts to 40.2% of the Ganga Basin and 10.7% of the total
land mass of the country.

Yamuna, a major tributary to the holy river Ganga, is itself one of the
holiest rivers of India and is used by millions as a source for drinking
water besides for bathing and irrigation. In recent years, however, it
has become grossly polluted due to various causes affecting human
health and bio-diversity of the eco-system.

One of the main causes of pollution of the river is discharge of

untreated domestic wastewater and other wastes into the river from
the towns located along its banks. To arrest river pollution, certain
measures of cleaning river have been taken by the Ministry of
Environment and Forests (MoEF) of the Government of India (GOI) in
12 towns of Haryana, 8 towns of Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi under an
action plan (Yamuna Action Plan-YAP) which is being implemented
since 1993 by the National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD) of
the Ministry of Environment and Forest.

The major schemes under Yamuna Action Plan are as follows:

 Sewerage Component :
o Interception & Diversion Works including Intermediate
Pumping Stations
o Main Pumping Station & Rising-Mains
o Sewage Treatment Plant (STP)

 Non Sewerage Component :

o Low Cost Sanitation (LCS).
o Improved wood based & Electric Crematoria.
o Bathing ghats / River front Developments
o Plantation
o Public Participation

CAUSES OF POLLUTION OF THE RIVER YAMUNA

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The entire Yamuna River right from its origin to confluence with the
Ganga & its tributaries are subject to human activities, which directly
or indirectly affect the water quality. The pollution potential in the
catchment area depends on various human activities and is
categorized into two groups:Point sources of pollution & Non Point
sources of pollution.

Point sources of pollution

The point sources of pollution are contributed at a single point in
significant amount such as wastewater drain joining a water body. The
point source pollution covers two major categories:-
Domestic pollution & Industrial pollution.

Domestic Pollution
Sewage is discharged into the river without any treatment from the
cities located along the banks of river and its tributaries. This affects
aquatic life and depletes oxygen level resulting into bad odours and
turbidity. The river water does not remain suitable due to pollution, for
uses like drinking, outdoor bathing, propagation of aquatic life,
irrigation and industrial purposes.

Industrial Pollution
Industrial pollution affects water quality in many ways i.e., dissolved
oxygen, temperature & pH etc. Some industrial effluents cause
toxicity. Large and medium industrial units - 22 in Haryana, 42 in Delhi
and 17 in Uttar Pradesh have been identified as directly discharging
and polluting the river Yamuna under the Action Plan area. These
industries include paper, sugar, chemical, leather, distillery and
pharmaceuticals etc. These industries are contemplated to adopt
adequate pollution control measures under the existing environment
laws to ensure that treated effluent confirming the prescribed
standards should only be discharged into the river.

Non Point Sources of Pollution

The diffused pollution originates mainly from the catchment area
through movement of water. Pollutants originated from the topsoil
losses include soil organic matter, plant residues, nutrient elements,
organic chemicals, toxic elements and bacteria. Soil can retain,
modify, decompose or absorb pollutants.

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The important non point pollution sources contributing to river Yamuna
are: Agricultural pollution sources & Pollution due to in stream uses of
water.

Agricultural Pollution

Agricultural pollution is contributed by following major sources: cattle,

agricultural residues and Fertilizer & Pesticide use. The pollution load
generated through above sources may be contributed to the river
either as point source or as non point sources. A large portion of
generated agricultural pollution is subjected to phototropic food chain
and consumed, hence never reaches to the river. Moreover, the cattle
originated BOD load is mostly utilized by the rural population either as
fuel or manure. The agricultural residues generated as waste in the
rural areas are subjected to saprotrophic food chain and hence
degraded naturally not contributing to the river pollution.

Cattle wading

Both side banks of entire stretch of river Yamuna is occupied by the

rural areas. The main activities in these areas are agricultural and
cattle farming. The cattle from local farms frequently visit the river for

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various activities especially for wading in the river water. This activity
affects the water quality through many ways. The faucal matter of the
cattle contributed during wading directly increase the BOD and
Coliforms load of the river water. The cattle wading also contribute
various pathogens in the water, which may cause skin and other
diseases, not only to the other animals but sometimes also to the
human beings using river water directly or indirectly. The vigorous
movement and activities of cattle in the river disturbs the riverbed,
where organic matter and other pollutants are settled in form of
sludge. Due to cattle movements, the settled sludge disturbs and
again mixed with the water deteriorating its quality.

Bathing

In the entire country river mass bathing is very common phenomenon.

In the Yamuna river, mass bathing takes place during some special
festivals and religious days. The mass bathing is very significant at
urban centres e.g. Mathura, Vrindavan, Bateshwar, Delhi, Agra etc.
The large scale river bathing influence the water quality by increasing
the disease causing pathogens quantity in the river.

Open defecation

River Yamuna basin is heavily populated with rural and urban centres
where the sanitary facilities are either not existing or not developed.
Therefore, a large part of the population uses river catchment for the
open defecation. This activity thus contributes pathogenic and organic
contaminants in the river catchment, which are washed down to river
stream during rains or sudden release of water from the upstream
dams. Dumping of dead animals, human dead bodies in the river also
affect the water quality of the river.

Clothes washing

Clothes washing at the bank of river Yamuna are a common features

both in rural and urban centres. This not only causes inorganic,
organic and biological contamination but also increase the detergents
contents. Detergents availability in river water generates foam at the
surface due to turbulence particularly at a steep fall down stream to
dams and other sites. Foaming hamper the oxygen diffusion rate in the
river water affecting the self-purification capacity as well as other
biological activities.

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 KEY AREAS NEED TO BE BROUGHT TO NOTICE

 Of the entire length of the river Yamuna (approximately 1400

km), the Delhi - Okhla stretch, 22 km in length, is the worst in
terms of water quality. It has high levels of BOD, upto 30
mg/litre and faecal coliform (a pathogenic microorganism) in
millions number per 100 ml.
 The catchment area of Delhi is less than 1 percent of the entire
catchment area of the Yamuna and supports about 10% of its
population. However it generates more than 70% of the total
catchment's urban pollutant load measured as BOD.
 Concerns arise because of:
- Large volumes of wastewater generated: Delhi generates
approximately 3000 million litres/day of wastewater of
which domestic wastewater makes up 80%
- Inadequate treatment capacities: Less than 50% of the
wastewater generated is treated
- Inadequate water flow in the river leading to poor dilution:
Even if all the wastewater were treated very efficiently, the
conditions in this stretch would still be bad because of the
absence of a natural flow in the river which would dilute
the wastes after treatment.

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 Measures of Cleaning River Water

In order to control the water pollution and improve the water quality of
river yamuna, some alternative measures are being taken up.

 Sewerage Component: Intercepting and trunk Sewers are

provided to capture the untreated sewage from the drains /
pumping stations outfalling into the river. The intercepted
sewage is taken to a sewage treatment plant for removing the
organic as well as pathogenic pollution. Appropriate technologies
such as activated sludge process, Upflow Anaerobic Sludge
Blanket (UASB) digester, oxidation ponds, agro-forestry etc. are
used for treatment of sewage. Low cost technologies like
oxidation ponds are well suited to address the pathogenic
pollution. However, availability of land for pond becomes a
limitation to use this system in large towns. The older methods
of controlling pathogenic pollution are chlorination of treated
sewage, Ultra Voilet (UV) disinfection etc. Higher running cost of
these methods is a limiting factor in Indian conditions.

 Sewage treatment generated resources in the form of Biogas,

which can be used to generate electricity, sludge which can be
used as a manure and nurtrient rich treated water which can be
used for agriculture. Exploitation of these resources can offset
the running cost of these systems to a considerable extent.

 Non Sewerage Component

 Low Cost Sanitation: The Low Cost Sanitation scheme under

YAP mainly consists of community toilet complexes provided
at strategic locations in a town like bus depots, market places
etc as well as in slums and other areas inhabited by
economically weaker sections (EWS) of people who do not
have good sanitation facilities. This will reduce pollution of the
town as well as of the river as people will not have to go for
open-air defecation and urination.
 Besides community toilet complexes, single toilet facilities
have also been provided in Mathura where a large number of
dry latrines, which are socially, environmentally and
aesthetically objectionable, have been converted to low cost
water flush latrines with septic tanks.

 Electric and Improved Crematoria: From religious point of

view, people prefer to cremate human bodies on the banks of

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 river, and sometimes partly burnt bodies are thrown into it.
This is due to the fact that the poor are not able to afford the
required quantity of wood for cremation. The firewood
requirement is high per dead body. Therefore, provision of
improved wood crematoria & electric crematoria have been
made under YAP schemes. These will ensure complete
burning of the bodies, saving the river from pollution due to
dead bodies and consume less wood thereby saving trees.

 Bathing Ghats / River Front Development: Improvement of

bathing ghats with toilet facilities are being done in some of
the YAP towns as thousands of pilgrims who take a bath in
the river Yamuna.

 Plantation and Land Scaping: Plantation has been done along

Yamuna and it carries considerable amount of flow around the
facilities created under, wherever land was available for such
purposes.

 Public Participation and Public Awareness: There has been

little effort made hitherto to create public awareness about
the need to prevent pollution of Yamuna. Efforts are being
made in order to encourage positive participation of public.
Campaign items would include rallies, dramas, posters &
pamphlets, sit & draw context for children, women’s
programme etc on various aspects of conservation of water;
toilets facilities; use of kitchen wastewater for gardening;
composing of waste food for fertilizer; separation of
combustible waste from non- combustibles and other possible
topics to prevent river water pollution.

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Suggestions made by the company to the Government
towards cleaning of the river:

 Restore/create wetlands that can help treat waste, along the

banks (flood plains) of the river
 Create a River Regulation Zone for protecting sensitive areas
such as flood plains from human activities such as cultivation at
any time, littering, construction, etc.
 Since the problem of water quality in Yamuna is a complex and
funds are relatively scarce there is an urgent need to prioritize
issues and solutions. A simulation model is a need for coming up
with the best possible solutions
 Decentralize sewage treatment by requiring all housing
societies/builders/colonies to have their sewage treated locally
using energy saving, cost-effective, low maintenance
technologies and by recycling the treated wastewater
 Explore possibilities of using treated sewage for irrigation
 Develop ecoparks/root treatment zones/duckweed treatment,
etc. These should be thought of as tertiary treatment
methodologies to bring down BOD levels to below 5 mg/litre.
Wetlands that help treat wastes can be developed along the
banks (flood plains) of the river.
 Raise flood-tolerant trees and reeds all along the riverbank
 Dredge all the silt and garbage from the riverbed. Stop landfilling
on banks immediately
 Prohibit throwing all kinds of solid waste (flowers, garlands,
ashes, plastic, polythene, etc.). For religious purposes, separate
areas may be created/demarcated from where the accumulated
sludge is removed periodically
 Large and small activities for creating additional water storages
are required, both upstream and downstream. This may include
the use of depressions in the land.
 Raise water tariffs for drinking water supply in Delhi. Also
consider the option of charging a nominal fee for wastewater
treatment for domestic wastes from areas connected to sewers
 Enhance artificial ground water recharging by rainwater
harvesting. Create mass scale awareness and prohibit further
extraction of groundwater

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 Build a sense of ownership and participation by the public to
protect the river Yamuna
 Develop an integrated approach where there is coordinated
action by all stake holders, NGO, citizen representations, and
academia. Make policies and regulations more effective
 Do part By Part revival of the river.
 Consider diverting the route of the river for cleaning purposes, a
method which has been successfully deployed in Haridwar.

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