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UNIT – 1, PROSE, POEM & SUPPLEMENTARY PARAGRAPH (2023-2024)

N Neett TWO GENTLEMEN OF NNe ett

VERONA
lalai .i. l a
l i
a .i. A.J.CRONIN l a
l i
a
assaa Archibald Joseph Cronin (1896-1981)a ad da as
was saa aScottish novelist, dramatist and physician. aassaa
a a dd
w w PP
A doctor by training, Cronin .was
. idea of ‘selfless help’ and explained the importance
one of the most renowned storytellers of the
w w .P P
. of dedication
twentieth century.
Cronin has very well w w
wwinwthe story Two Gentlemen of Verona. The story
towards relationships
carved the w around the two
wwrevolves
boys named Nicola (13) and Jacopo (12) who do numerous things to earn money only to pay for

N N tt
e N N ett
their sister’s treatment who suffers from tuberculosis of the spine. The story begins with the
e e
lalai.i. l a
l i
a .i. l a
l i
narrator driving down the foothills of the Alps (Mountain). Here is when he first encounters the
a

et
assaa aa aa
two brothers selling wild strawberries, they had dressed in rags and shabby appearance with
ddas
a s d a
d s
a s
tangled hair, dark earnest eyes, and brown skin .Even after the driver forbade (stopped) the
. P
.Paa . P
. Paa
narrator to buy the wild fruits, he bought the biggest basket and drove towards the town. . Next

.N
w w
w www
www www
day, the boys were found shining shoes in the public square .Here, the narrator is shown to develop
a soft corner for them in his heart.

lai
“Their love and emotional strength is exemplary but most
N N eet texemplary is their maturity and sense
N Neet tresponsibility”.
of
l a
l i
a .i. l a
l ai .i. l a
l i
a
sa
assaa They a
newspapers by the narrator one stormy
ad d s s
are very willing to satisfy all that the
a a anarrator
a required. They were also found aselling
a
night. When the narrator asked if he could help
ad d as saa
them in
ww
any way, they said they would.P . ww .P
Pbe very grateful if they got a lift to the nearby. P Poleta.
village
wwin the narrator’s way, he took them there.www wboys got down in a
da

Although it didn’tw
w
come The
building and asked the author to wait an hour in a nearby café for a drink. Eagerness led the
narrator to follow the boys up to a place which was actually a hospital. On peeping (look) through
Pa

Neett N N eett
a room led by a nurse, he realized that the boys were talking to a girl who resembled (be like)
N
l a
l i
a .i.
them.
l a
lai .i. l a
l i
a
assaa aa aa
“True love is selfless .it is prepared to sacrifice”
dda a ss d a as s
da singer
aa a a
w.

ww . PP
.home being destroyed in a war and their
This is when the nurse told him the heart rendering story about their father,
w a
w . PP
.suffering from
widower,
had been killed in aw w
www lived in a shelter and literally starved onlywwso w
war and sister
ww

tuberculosis. The brothers that they could pay for

their sister’s treatment. They keeping a secret and helping their sister showed that war had not

N N ett N N ett
shaken their spirit. . Undoubtedly, their selfless action brought a new nobility and a greater hope
e e
l a
l i
a .i.
to human life.
l a
lai.i. l a
l i
a
assaa Humanity inculcates (teaches)
aaddaasaa
s
virtues, sympathy and selfless action.a
aadd asaa
s
w
w .P. P w w . P
. P
w
www wwww

N Neett N Neett
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l ai .i. l a
l i
a
assaa d da assaa
daassaa
PP aa
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N N eet t THE CASTLE t t

N Nee
lalai .
i . l a
l-
ai .
i .
EDWIN MUIR
l a
l i
a
assaa as well as oneEdwin Muir was (1887 -1959)s
a add a a asarenowned
a Scottish novelist and translator andacritic
a ad a ssaa
dnarrates
ww P P
of Scotland’s most important
. . (strong) castle due to disloyalty. It tells thewstory
w w . P
poets of 1900s. The poem is an allegory which
P
of. an unspecified
w
wwhadwbeen in the castle all through the summer w
about the downfall of a mighty
battle. The soldiers ww
.they were totally stress free
and relaxed. They were confident of their castle’s physical strength. The castle’s gate was very

N N ett N N ett
strong and walls were very thick. Through the turrets, they were able to watch mowers and no
e e
lalai.i. l l i
a .i.
enemy was found up to the distance of half-a-mile and so it seemed not a threat at all to anyone
a l a
l i
a

et
assaa inweapons a ad d
to protect and a large quantityas
the castle. Secondly, the fear of enemies
a saadiminished (decrease) that they had plenty
aad
of ration in stock to take care of the well-being
aas saa
of
dof the
. PP
the.castle. There was a foothold, from which w . PP
. military

.N
w ww w w
www www
soldiers, who were inside an advance
operation is made.
“We watched the mowers in the hay

lai
And the enemy half a mile away”
NN e ett NN e ett
l a
l ai .i. believed that the castle was absolutely safelalabecause
i .i. their captain was brave and soldiers lalai
sa
assaa were loyal. Even by a trick no a aa into the castle and captured the soldiersaeither
aa
They
oned da as s d d as s
. P
. P a could enter
. P
. Paa
w w w
dead or alive. Only a bird could fly over the wall and reach the castle.
w w
w
www“If bravery leads, loyalty will follow” www
da
Pa

N e ett NNe ett

There was a little private gate- a little evil gate through which the enemy was let in by an old
N
l a
l i
a .i. He let the enemies inside the citadel lforalagold.
guard. i .i. The enemies walk through the secret lalai
assaa gallery, dda as
and the intricate paths of the castle
a a
saconfront (to face) the soldiers. Hence the enemies
to a
a ad aassaa
dbecame
w.

w w .
conquered the castle. The tall,P P
.greedy disloyal warder. The narrator lamented
strong, smooth and unsurmountable
.
(unbeatable)
w w PP
. the disloyalty
castle

www
grew and thin becausew of the
www w over
ww

of the guard and he was feeling ashamed to tell anyone about this shameful act of the guard. The
citadel was captured by the enemies for gold. He regretted for not finding any weapon to fight

Neett N Neett
with the enemy called ‘gold’. Thus “Human greedy led to the mighty fall of the citadel”.
N
l a
l i
a .i. l a
lai.i. l a
l i
a
assaa aad
“Loyalty get shattereddaasaa
s
ad
a d
when greed steps into the human heart”.
aasaa
s
w w .P. P ww. P
. P
wwww wwww

N Neett N Neett
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l ai .i. l a
l i
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GOD SEES THE TRUTH, BUT WAITS

N Nee tTolstoy - LEO TOLSTOY

t was (1828-1910) a Russian writer who N Ne et t as one of the greatest
lalai .
i . Leo
l a
l i
a .
i . is regarded
l a
l i
a
assaa authors of all time. In “God sees the truth, Buta
a d
a
moral values is expressed. Ivan Dmitrich a
d a ss a the author’s deep seated faith in God and
waits”
Aksionov is a merchant living in Vladimir, town a adda
in as aa
s
Russia. He was respected w byw .P. Pinmates due to his gentle behavior. He lived
w w .P. Phis wife and
ww www
all the with
children. He was wfull
w
of life. One summer, he set out on his journey w(fair) to sell his goods. His
wife tried to stop him saying that she had a bad dream in which he returned from the town

N N e tt
with grey hair (grey hair-symbol of bad omen).
e N Neett
lalai.i. “I dreamt you returned fromlathe l i
a .itown,
. l a
l i
a

et
assaa and when you took offayour d
a daass
cap aIasaw that your hair was quite grey”aassaa
a ad d
. PP . P
. and went to the fair. As he liked coolwweather, P
.he left the inn

.N
But Ivan ignored his wifew
w
warning ww
ww
early. Within a few
ww he was stopped by the police who searched
minutes, wwhiswbelongings. Finding
a blood stained knife in his bag, he was arrested on charges of murder of the merchant. Despite

tt
lai tt
Aksionov’s claimed that he was not murderer, he was sentenced (punished). His wife’s petition

i NN e e N
.i.prayed to god to show mercy on him. He waslalflogged.
i N e e
.i. After the wounds healed he was sent lalai
for clemency (mercy) to the czar (Czar-one having great authority) was turned down. So he
l a
l a a
sa
assaa to work in the mines of Siberia. Staying s saa s a
s a
only

a a d da a aa d d
26 years in Siberia, he grew a long beard. In prison, aa
he

ww .P
learnt to make boots and earned. P ww
a little money and bought a book ‘The Lives of the.P . P
Saints’. He
w w
wwthewinmates due to his gentle behavior. His fellow-prisoners
www called him
da

was respected by all

‘grandfather’ and ‘The Saint’. One day a new convict namely Makar Semeyonich came there.
Pa

When Makar blurted out how the knife went to his bag kept under his head, Ivan found out the

N Neett N Neett
l a
l i
a .i.
truth that makar was a real killer.
l a
lai .i. l a
l i
a
assaa aa without love”. aa
“There is no love without forgiveness,
And there is no d d aas s dda a ss
aa forgiveness
a a
w.

w w . P
. P ww . P
. P
w w
But he saved makar from w w w w
wthe officials when he tried to escape. Eventually,
wMakar confessed his
ww

guilt as being a real criminal. Aksionov forgave him. When the order for Ivan’s release came, he
was already dead. Thus, the title reflects in this story that every decision of God needs enough

N eett N eett
time and one should have patience for the truth to win.
N N
l a
l i
a .i. l a
lai.i. l a
l i
a
assaa aaddaassaa are the best form of revenge” aassaa
“Forgiveness and forgetfulness
ad
a d
w w .P. P ww . P
. P
wwww w
www
Prepared by: Rangasamy (PG English)

N Neett N Neett 9790683707

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GOVT QUARTERLY, HALF YEARLY, REVISION TEST& PUBLIC

N Neett EXPECTED QUESTIONS N Neett
lalai .i. (UNIT – 1)l a
l i
a .i. l a
l i
a
assaa aaddaassaa
aaddaassaa
ww. P
TWO
. P GENTLEMEN OF VERONA
ww.P.P
w
www w
A.J. CRONIN
www
Note: (Only synonyms and antonyms are given with answer. The other part in which
you can practice the answer)

N Ne ett
GLOSSARY:
N Neett
lalai.i. l a
l ai .i. l a
l i
a

et
assaa shrug
WORD
a a d
raise
a
da s saa
MEANING ANTONYM
Release/let go ad
a a
d s
a aa
s
. P
.P . P
. P

.N
slackened
demeanour w
w
w Reduced raised/brisk
w w w
artless
www appearance and behavior
innocent, guileless
ww w---
Cunning /deceitful

lai
hawk sell things loudly bought

N Neett
deserted
N Neett
uninhabited, unoccupied inhabited, crowed

l a
l i
a .i. vexation Annoyance
l a
l i
a .i. l a
l i
Delight/Happiness/Patience
a
sa
assaa aa aa
intrude enter without permission withdraw/leave
Tunic
ddaass
garment /loose garment
ddaass --

. P
. Paa . P
. Paa
w w
BOOK BACK TASK & ADDITIONAL:
w w wwww
da

w
WORD
w SYNONYM
w
w
ANTONYM
Shabby Old / untidy /ill-dressed Royal/Tidy / clean
Pa

N Neett
cautious careful/alert
N Neett careless/reckless

l a
l i
a .i. brisk
l lai .i.
energetic /active /fast
a Slow/Inactive
l a
l i
a
assaa s aa saa
humble modest/submissive Luxury/superior/proud
resistance
ddaa s
refusal/impediment
ddaa s
submission/acceptance
aa aa
w.

persuade
ww. P
. P convince/induce
w
w . P
. P
abundant/dissuade
Provoked
scarce
w
www Aroused/stimulated
rare/scant/insufficient
w
www Allay
plentiful/abundant
ww

nobility Dignity/greatness/virtue/ meanness/dishonor

Lively Active / energetic Inactive

N eett
Selfless
N Unselfish
N Neett Selfish

l a
l i
a .i. Outskirts
l a
lai.i.
a remote part/border
l a
l
Interior/middle/insidei
a
assaa skinny
Gazing aas saa
lean and thin
aa dd
look steadily
fat
ad
a a
d s
a aa
s
Overlook /neglect /look away

w
w .P P
.confused/mixed together w
w. P
. P
disbelieve/
tangled w
www Lobby w
www
clear/obvious/ordered/ straight
vestibule --
disapprove Condemn / reject approval / accept

N Neett N Neett
lalai.i. l a
l ai .i. l a
l i
a1

assaa d da assaa
daassaa
PP aa
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HOMOPHONES AND CONFUSABLE: (BOOK PAGE-6)

N N
S.NOee tWORD
t MEANING S.NO
N NeetWORD
t MEANING
lalai .
i . judicial
l a
l ai .
i .Immigrate
l a
l i
a
assaa aa 9. Illicit aa
1. 8.
2.judicious
ddaass ddaass
3.Conscience
. P
. Paa 10. Elicit
.P.Paa
4.Conscious
Industrialw www
w 11. Prescribed
12. proscribed w wwww
5.
6.industrious
w 13. Eminent
w
7. emigrate 14. imminent

N Nett
e N Ne tt
e
lalai.i.
PHRASAL VERBS: (BOOK PAGE-7)
l a
l i
a .i. l a
l i
a

et
assaa S.NO WORD aa
MEANINGddas
a a
s a
S.NO WORD
ad
a
MEANING a
d s
a a
s a
cut off . P
.P stand by . P
. P

.N
1.
w w
w 3.
www
2. put out
ww
3. Take off w
4. turn away
5. come upon
www

lai
TENSES: (BOOK PAGE-11-12)

N N e e tt N N ee tt
l a
l i
a .i. l a
l ai .i.
Complete the sentences with the correct tense form of the verbs in brackets.
l a
l i
a
sa
assaa 2.3. Mrs. aa aa
1. (tell) me exactly what -----------------(happen) last night!

d
Mageswari is my Maths teacher.
daas s
She--------------------- (teach) me for four years a
dd s
a s
I ------(play) basketball
. P. Paa
before he came.
. P
. Pa a
w w w w w w
ww (go) on a school trip to Kanyakumari. www
da

4. I can’t remember what my teacher--------------- (say) yesterday.

5. Last yearw we--------------
6. At the moment I---------------- (think) about what course to pursue next year.
7. Everyone ----------------when the earthquake hit the small town. (sleep)
Pa

N e ett N
8. Evangelene --------her job a couple of years ago. (quit)
N N e ett
l a
l i
a .i9.. Nothing much------------- when I got to thelmeeting
alai .i. (happen). l a
l i
a
assaa 10. a as aa their conversation. (talk)
s
They------------ about me when I interrupted
11.Hurry up! The movie -----a a d d aaddaasaa
s
w.

12. Rajini Prem’s familyww . PP (already begin).

. Chengalpet now. (be). w
w . P
. P
www w
13.Yusuf ----------to
----------in
the movies once in a while (go) www w
ww

14. This ------------an easy quiz so far (be).

15.Scientist predict that by 2050, man-----on mars.(land)

NN e ett N N eett
l a
l i
a .i. AUXILIARIES: (BOOK PAGE-13-14) lalai.i.
MODAL
l a
l i
a
assaa 1. It -----------rain today. aaddaassaa ad
a a
d s
a aa
s
w w P P
2. I --------------- go to the.supermarket
. please? today.
w
w. P
. P
3. ------------ You w w
www shut the door,
www
4. Habits in the past: Sometimes he ------------ bring me some flowers
5. You ------------- submit your assignment on time.

N N ett
6. We ---------------- help the needy.
e N Neett
lalai.i. l a
l ai .i. l a
l i
a 2

assaa d da assaa
daassaa
PP aa
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7. We ------------ hire some furniture for the party

Ne ett N Neett
8. My grandfather ------------ walk for long hours when he was young.
N
lalai .i.
9. How ----you to enter my room?
l a
l i
a .i. l a
l i
a
assaa 10. The candidates --------------------answer
aa d daa ss afive
a out of ten questions.
aaddaassaa
w .
11. Tajudeen------------- finish
w P
. P
this work by Monday.
w
w .P.P
12. I wish youww w w me the truth
-------------tell wwww
13. People who live in glass houses--------------- not throw stones.

N N tt
e N N ett
14. You------------- not go to the market as I have brought vegetables.
e e
lalai.i.15. You-------------- be joking.
l a
l i
a .i. l a
l i
a

et
assaa aa aa
16. I tried to climb up the tree, but-------------- not.

ddas
a s
17. I ---------------like to have a cup of coffee.
d a
d s
a s
. .Paa . P
. Paa
18. My grandfather ----------------visit this temple when he was young.
P

.N
w w
w www
19. If I were you, I--------------- not behave like that. (conditional sentence)

www www
20.My uncle ----------have reached by now.(possibility)
21. The patient is critical. He -----------be taken to the hospital.(compulsion)

lai
REPORTED SPEECH: (BOOK PAGE-15)

N N eett
Book exercise:
NNeett
l a
l i
a .i. The teacher said to the students, “I shall
l a
l i
a .i. you to the museum tomorrow.’’ lalai
sa
take
assaa Task 1 aa aa


dda as s ddaass
. PP aa
. SENTENCE . P
. Paa
w w w w ww
wwI am very busy. www
da

S.NO DIRECT INDIRECT SENTENCE

1. Raja w
2. Satya I have completed my work.
Pa

3. Jayan I am learning English.

NN eetJoseph
4. t Mary We will go shopping
N Neett
l a
l i
a .i. 5. Madhu
and tomorrow.
l a
lai .i. l a
l i
a
assaa ssaa saa
s
I bought a pen yesterday.

ad
a daa aaddaa
w.

w w . P
. P w
w . P
. P
TASK – 2
wwww w
www
ww

a) Priya : Where are you going?

Vijay: I am going to the railway station.

N N eett N N e e tt
l a
l i
a .ib).Teacher: Why are you late? l a
lai.i. l a
l i
a
assaa Divya : I missed the bus. aaddaassaa ad
a a
d s
a aa
s
TASK – 3(BOOK PAGE-16)w w . P
. P w
w. P
. P
w w
wbe awlovely sunny day,” he remarked to his sister Varshini.
 “It is going to w
www
 “Can I help you, mum?”, he said to his mother.
 “Have your breakfast”, the mother said to his son.

N Neett N Neett
lalai.i. l a
l ai .i. 3
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l i
a
assaa d da assaa
daassaa
PP aa
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e ett
BOOK BACK EXERCISE PART (BOOK PAGE -216-217)
NN N Neett
lalai .i. the following sentences into indirect speech.
l a
l ai .i. l a
l i
a
assaa 1. The pilot said to the passengers,aad aawill land in Delhi at 9 p.m.” aa
Change

da
“The a s s
plane
ddaass
2. Gowtham said to me, . P
. P
“I was very ill last week, but I am better .P.
now.”Paa
w w
w w w w
wwto give my sister a present.”
3. Priya said, “Iw
want www
4. Madhu said to me, “I am so happy you have completed your project.”
5. The manager said, “I will speak to you on Friday.”

N N eett N Ne e tt
lalai.i. l l ai .i.
6. Sandeep said to John, “Would you like to watch a movie with me?”
a l a
l i
a

et
assaa 7.8. Geetha asked Angel, “Will you help
The motorist said to me, “Canaadd a as saame to pack my bag?”
ad
a a
d s
a aa
s
. PP you direct me to the post office?”
. “Could you make me a cup of coffee?” . P
. P

.N
9. Umar said to w hisw w www
www mother,
10. Grandmother said to her grandson, “May God bless you.”
www

lai
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS. (BOOK PAGE -216-217)

N Neett N Neett
l a
l i
a .i2.. Why did the driver not approve of thelalnarrator
ai .i. buying fruits from the boys? lalai
1. Who did the narrator meet at the outskirts of Verona?
sa
assaa aa ddaa ssaa
aaddaassaa
3. Why did the author.avoid
w w P
. P going to Lucia’s room?
w w . P
. P
w w ww
da

ww
4. What was Lucia suffering from?
w w
Pa

N eett N eett
5. What made the boys join the resistance movement against the Germans?
N N
l a
l i
a .i. l a
lai .i. l a
l i
a
assaa 6. Describe the appearanceaofadNicola
daassaand
a Jacopo.
aaddaasaa
s
w.

ww . PP .
. jobs undertaken by the little boys?www. P
P
wwww
7. What were the various
www
ww

8. Who took the author to the cubicle?

N Neett N Neett
l a
l i
a .i. l a
lai.i.
9. How did the narrator help the boys on Sunday?
l a
l i
a
assaa 10.The boys did not spend much
aaddaa
ons saa and food .Why?
clothes
ad
a a
d s
a aa
s
w w.P. P w
w. P
. P
w
www w
www
Prepared by: Rangasamy (PG English)

N Neett N Neett 9790683707

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l ai .i. l a
l
4
i
a
assaa d da assaa
daassaa
PP aa
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PP d
aa