1

1 The chart in the diagram shows the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Two of the regions are not labelled.

visible radio
........................ X-rays ....................... infrared microwaves
light waves

(a) Complete the labelling in the diagram. [2]

(b) Compare the speed of radio waves and visible light. Complete the sentence.

In a vacuum, radio waves travel ................................................................ visible light. [1]

[Total: 3]

2 The diagram shows a heater in a bathroom.

heater

The heater is at a very high temperature and it glows red. The manufacturer states:

“The heater emits light and radiation and it transfers thermal energy by radiation.”

(a) State the part of the electromagnetic spectrum that transfers thermal energy.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State:
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(i) one way in which visible light and the radiation identified in (a) are similar

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [1]

(ii) one way in which visible light differs from the radiation identified in (a).

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [1]

[Total: 3]

3 This question is about the following four types of wave.

infrared microwaves ultrasound radio waves

Answer the questions, choosing words from this list.

(a) State which of the types of wave are electromagnetic.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) State which type of electromagnetic wave has the longest wavelength.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

[Total: 2]

4 A student incorrectly writes some sentences about electromagnetic waves. His teacher underlines
a mistake in each sentence.

In the table, write a suitable correction for each mistake. The first one has been done for you.

student’s sentences correction

The speed of light is slower than the speed of radio waves in a vacuum. the same as

Ultraviolet rays are used in signals for satellite television and mobile phones.

Radio waves are used to scan patients for broken bones.

[2]

[Total: 2]
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5 This question is about the following four types of wave.

infrared microwaves ultrasound radio waves

Answer the question, choosing words from this list.

State two types of wave that can travel through a vacuum.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

6 The diagram shows an object OX to the left of a thin converging lens. The principal focus on each
side of the lens is labelled F.

O
F F

(a) Two rays from the top of the object are incident on the lens, as shown in the diagram.

On the diagram, continue the paths of these two rays to show the position of the image of OX
formed by the lens. [2]

(b) Draw the image of OX formed by the lens. [1]

[Total: 3]
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7 The diagram is a full-size ray diagram showing the formation of an image by a thin glass lens.

(full size)

Circle three items in the list which describe the nature of the image formed.

enlarged same size diminished inverted

upright real virtual

[3]

[Total: 3]
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8 The diagram is a full-size ray diagram showing the formation of an image by a thin glass lens.

(full size)

Determine the focal length of the lens.

focal length = .............................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

9 The full-scale diagram shows a small nail N in front of a thin converging lens. The line L represents
the lens.

X Y

1.0 cm
1.0 cm

(full-scale)
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The focal length of the lens is 3.0 cm.

(a) On the diagram, mark and label with an F each of the two principal focuses of the lens. [1]

(b) The small nail N, of height 1.2 cm, is positioned 2.0 cm to the left of the lens.

(i) By drawing on the diagram, find the position of the image I of N and add image I to the
diagram. [3]

(ii) State and explain whether I is a real or a virtual image.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [1]

(iii) State the name given to a lens when it is used in this way.

................................................................................................................................ [1]

[Total: 6]
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10 The full-scale diagram shows a small nail N in front of a thin converging lens. The line L represents
the lens.

X Y

1.0 cm
1.0 cm

(full-scale)

The focal length of the lens is 3.0 cm.

Rays of light, parallel to XY, are travelling towards the lens.

Describe what happens to the light after it passes through the lens.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

11 Visible light is an electromagnetic wave.

State the name of one region of the electromagnetic spectrum in which the waves have longer
wavelengths than visible light.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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12 Visible light is an electromagnetic wave.

State the name of one region of the electromagnetic spectrum in which the waves have shorter
wavelengths than visible light.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

13 State why X-rays can be harmful to people.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

14 The diagram shows the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. One region is not labelled.

radio waves infrared visible light ultraviolet X-rays gamma-rays

waves waves

(a) In the diagram, one region is unlabelled.

State the name of the unlabelled region.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Complete the sentence.

The direction of the arrow in the diagram shows the regions of the electromagnetic spectrum

in order of increasing ....................................................... . [1]

[Total: 2]

15 State two uses for X-rays.

1. ..............................................................................................................................................

2. .............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]
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16 (a) The diagram is a full scale diagram showing a converging lens, the two principal focuses F1
and F2 and an object PO.

F1 P F2

On the diagram, draw two rays from point O of the object to determine the position of the
image.

Label the image IJ. Measure the length of the image.

image length = ........................................................... [3]

(b) From the table below, ring three descriptions of the image.

diminished magnified real same size

same way up as object upside down compared to object virtual

[3]

[Total: 6]
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17 The diagram shows a mobile (cell) phone.

The screen of the mobile phone emits visible light.

State one type of electromagnetic wave with a shorter wavelength than visible light.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

18 The diagram shows how a converging lens forms an image of an object.

(not to scale)

Describe the nature of the image formed by the lens in the diagram.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]
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19 The diagram shows a mobile (cell) phone.

State the type of electromagnetic wave used for the mobile phone signal.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

20 The diagram shows a lens forming the image IY of object OP.

On the diagram, draw an arrow to represent the focal length of the lens. Label this arrow f. [2]

[Total: 2]
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21 The diagram shows a lens forming the image IY of object OP.

Circle two words or phrases from those shown to describe the image formed in the diagram.

enlarged upright inverted same size diminished

[2]

[Total: 2]
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22 The diagram shows a converging lens and an object. The side of each square represents 0.5 cm.

Using the diagram, determine the distance of the object from the centre of the lens.

distance = .............................................. cm [2]

[Total: 2]

23 Radiographers use X-ray machines in hospitals. X-rays can cause damage to living things.

State and explain how radiographers can be protected from damage caused by X-rays.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

24 State two uses for infrared radiation.

1. ..............................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

2. ..............................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]
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25 The diagram shows an object OB positioned 20 cm from a thin converging lens. Both principal
focuses of the lens are labelled F.

Two rays from the tip B of the object are incident on the lens, as shown in the diagram.

On the diagram, continue the paths of these two rays to show the position of the image of OB
formed by the lens. Draw an arrow to show the size, position and orientation of the image of OB.[4]

[Total: 4]

26 State which region of the electromagnetic spectrum is used in detecting objects without opening
baggage at a security check .

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
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27 The diagram shows the main regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. Two labels are missing.

γ-rays

X-rays

ultraviolet

...........................

infrared

...........................

radio

Complete the labels on the diagram.

[2]

[Total: 2]

28 State which region of the electromagnetic spectrum is used in satellite television transmissions.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

29 The distance between the centre of a thin converging lens and each principal focus is 5.0 cm.

The lens is used as a magnifying glass to produce an image I of an object O.

Underline the terms that describe the nature of the image produced by a magnifying glass.

diminished enlarged inverted real same size upright virtual

[2]

[Total: 2]

30 The distance between the centre of a thin converging lens and each principal focus is 5.0 cm.

The lens is used as a magnifying glass to produce an image I of an object O.

The diagram is a full-scale diagram of the lens and the image I.

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(a)
(i) On the diagram, mark both principal focuses and label each of them F.
[1]

(ii) By drawing on the diagram, find the position of object O and add object O to the diagram.
[3]

(b) Using the diagram, determine the distance of object O from the centre of the lens.

distance = .............................................. [1]

[Total: 5]

31 Describe what is meant by the term principal focus for a thin converging lens.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]
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32 The diagram shows the main regions of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Two of the regions are not labelled.

Add the correct label to each of the unlabelled regions by writing in each box. [2]

[Total: 2]
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33 An object O is placed on the left of a thin converging lens. F is the principal focus.

This arrangement is shown in the diagram.

Two rays from the top of the object are incident on the lens, as shown in the diagram.

On the diagram, draw the path of each ray to locate the position of the image of O formed by the
lens.

On the diagram, draw an arrow to represent the image and label it I. [3]

[Total: 3]

34 The diagram shows a converging lens and the image I formed when an object is placed to the left
of the lens. The principal focuses are labelled A and B and the centre of the lens is labelled C.
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(a) On the diagram, draw two rays to locate the position of the object. Draw the object and label
it O. [3]

(b) Ring all of the following distances that are equal to the focal length of the lens.

AB AC CB 2AB

[2]

[Total: 5]

35 The diagram shows a converging lens and the image I formed when an object is placed to the left
of the lens. The principal focuses are labelled A and B and the centre of the lens is labelled C.

(a) On the diagram, draw two rays to locate the position of the object. Draw the object and label
it O. [3]
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(b) Ring all of the following distances that are equal to the focal length of the lens.

AB AC CB 2AB

[2]

[Total: 5]

36 The diagram is a partially completed ray diagram.

On the diagram, extend the two rays from the arrowhead on the object until both reach the position
of the image.

[3]

[Total: 3]
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37 The diagram is a partially completed ray diagram.

The object is moved a small distance away from the lens. State the effect, if any, this has on the
position and size of the image.

position .....................................................................................................................................

size ........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 2]
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38 The diagram is a partially completed ray diagram.

The object is at O and its image is at I.

Which distance is the focal length of the lens? Tick one box.

C to F1

O to C

F2 to I

O to I
[1]

[Total: 1]

39 An object, OX, is placed in front of a converging lens.

The diagram shows a ray of light from the object passing through the lens.
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(a) The lens forms an image of object OX.

(i) On the diagram, draw another ray from X to locate the position of the image. [1]

(ii) On the diagram, draw an arrow to represent the image of OX and label it I.

[1]

(iii) On the diagram, mark a principal focus for the lens and label it F. [1]

(iv) On the diagram, measure and record the focal length of the lens.

focal length = .............................................. cm [1]

(b) Describe the image I.

Choose words from the list. Tick (✓) two boxes.

enlarged

diminished

same size

inverted

upright
[2]

[Total: 6]
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40 Visible light is one part of the electromagnetic spectrum.

State the name of one other part of the electromagnetic spectrum and describe a use of this type
of radiation.

name of radiation .....................................................................................................................

use of radiation ........................................................................................................................ [2]

[Total: 2]