INDEX

A Acne vulgaris/acne conglobata (Continued) Adequate intakes (AIs), 596

AA. See Arachidonic acid gut-brain-skin axis in, 1061f ADHD. See Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
AAAOM. See American Association of Acupuncture and new natural agents for, 1060–1061 Adherens junctions, 169
Oriental Medicine nutrients, 1058–1060 Adhesion molecules, 348
AAMA. See American Academy of Medical Acupuncture physical medicine, 1062 Adhesions, 383
AANMC. See American Association of Naturopathic procedural treatments, 1061 Adipic acid, 239
Medical Colleges psychological support for, 1061 Adipokines, 1610
AANP. See American Association of Naturopathic supplements for, 1062 Adipose tissue, 294–295, 1386
Physicians therapeutic approach, 1062 brown, 1612
ABCA. See American Board of Chiropractic Acupuncture therapeutic considerations, 1058 “Administrative interpretation”, 78
Abdominal pain (functional), probiotics and, 813 topical treatments, 1060–1062 Adrenal dysfunction, in PCOS, 1696
ABH antigens, 346–351, 347f ACOG. See American College of Obstetricians and Adrenal extracts, in glandular therapy, 302, 303t
ABH nonsecretors, 347–348 Gynecologists Adrenal glands, 561, 1121
ABH secretor system, 346, 349, 350t Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome hypoadrenalism, 1232
ABH secretors, 347–348 Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 427, 427t Adrenal hormone testing, 1039
ABMA. See American Board of Medical Acupuncture Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) for, 674 B-adrenergic receptors, 265
ABO blood groups/polymorphism Acrolein, asthma and, 1121 Adrenocortical hypofunction, 1328
Blood Type Diet (BTD), 358–359 Acrylamide, 218t–219t Adriamycin, 531–532
cancer and, 352–355 Acrylonitrile, 218t–219t Adult macular degeneration, carotenoids for, 740
clinical applications, 358–359 Actaea racemosa (black cohosh) Adult-onset diabetes, associated with xenobiotic burden,
combinations of antibodies and antigens, 346t for female infertility, 1449, 1451 278
dietary lectins and, 355–358 for PCOS, 1704 Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), in PCOS,
gastrin and pepsinogen, 350 Action-reaction model, of efficacy, 311 1699–1700
genetics of, 348–350 Activated charcoal, for ASD, 1173–1174, 1173b Aerobic exercise, for weight loss, 284
history of system, 346 Activating protein-1, 734 Aesculus hippocastanum (horse chestnut), 1755,
influence on susceptibility to infectious agents, Active range of motion tests, 334 1851–1853
356t–357t Active transport, 170 Affective disorders, 1063–1081.e7
intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) involvement Acupressure, 1128–1130 botanical medicines, 1076–1077
in, 347 Acupuncture, 250–256.e2 causal considerations, 1064–1069
in Materia Medica, 359 for asthma treatment, 1128–1130 blood sugar dysregulation, 1066
mechanisms of influence on infectious diseases, 355t clinical applications of, 253 disordered sleep, 1065
modalities/agents exerting preferential effects on, 360t credentials for, 251, 254 exercise, 1065–1066
nonreducing end of ABH and Lewis blood group definition of, 252 hormonal imbalances, 1067–1068
antigen determinants, 347f electroacupuncture, 138–139 inflammation, 1066–1067
O blood group immune correlates, 348 for epilepsy, 1306 maldigestion, 1066
pathological process and, 351–355 evidence-based, 255–256 stress and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis
cancer, 352–355 for hepatitis viruses, 1365–1366 dysfunction, 1064–1065
cardiovascular disease, 351–352 for HIV/AIDS, 1388–1390 sunlight, spending time in nature, and light therapy,
infection, 355 mechanisms of pain management with, 343–345 1065
mental disease, 351 for migraine headaches, 1585 counseling for, 1070
periodontal disease and oral malignancy, 355 for overactive bladder, 1543 description, 1063
as predictive device, 358 for pain management, 343–345 diagnosis, 1064
primary and secondary glycosides associated with, 359t for Parkinson’s disease, 1672–1673 by type, 1063
as self-declaration and adhesion molecules, 348 professional organizations, 251–252 environmental toxicity, 1069
susceptibility to infectious agents and, 357t safety issues, 255 homeopathic medicines, 1078
ABO system, 348–349 scope of practice, 254–255 lifestyle factors, 1068–1069
Abortions, 348, 375 statistics for Chinese and TCM, 252, 252t alcohol, 1068
miscarriages, 1432–1441, 1436t theory and practice styles in, 253–254 caffeine, 1068–1069
Abscesses, anal, 1748–1749 the five phases, 253–254 digital screen and social media exposure, 1069
Absinthin, 434f neuroanatomical, 254 smoking, 1068
Absorption, of carotenes/carotenoids, 444 Qi, blood, and fluid, 253 minerals for, 1076
ACAOM. See Accreditation Commission for Acupunc- six-channel, 254 mitochondrial dysfunction, 1069
ture and Oriental Medicine Yin/Yang balance, 253 natural medicines and conventional drugs for, 1081
Accelerated myonuclear apoptosis, sarcopenia, 1784 Zang Fu, 254 nutrigenomics and genetic single nucleotide polymor-
Accreditation Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental training in, 252, 252b phisms, 1078–1079
Medicine (ACAOM), 251 for urticaria (hives), 1830, 1833 pertinent laboratory testing, 1079
Acetaminophen, oxidative stress and, ASD and, 1171 Yin/Yang balance, 253 blood tests, 1079
Acetyl coenzyme A (CoA), in coenzyme Q10 biosynthesis, “Acupuncture Transmitted Infections” (BMJ), 255 food sensitivity/food allergy testing, 1079
526 Acute blood loss, herbs for, 1573 leaky gut tests, 1079
Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), 1073 Acute candidal vaginitis, treatment for, 1849 organic acid testing, 1079
Achillea millefolium (yarrow), 1755 Acute coronary syndrome, 601–602 saliva and urine testing, 1079
Achlorhydria, 155, 155f Acute intermittent porphyria, 645 primary prevention for, 1079
Acid base balance, 634–635 Acute post-streptococcal nephropathy, 1512 specific therapeutic considerations, 1080–1081
Acid-blocking drugs, 981–982 Acute sleep, melatonin for, 698 depression, 1080
Acid-stable fungal enzymes, 716–717 AD. See Alzheimer’s disease therapeutic approach, 1079–1080
Acidurias, 236 Adaptation signal, 287 diet, 1079–1080
Acne, 1697 Adaptive mechanisms, 18b environmental toxicity, 1080
Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) for, 695 Adaptogenic agents, 757–760 exercise, 1080
Acne vulgaris/acne conglobata, 1056–1062.e1 Adaptogens, 574 lifestyle, 1080
diagnosis, 1057 Addiction, Cannabis for, 478 nature, 1080
diet for, 1058, 1059f, 1062 Addison’s disease, 561 psychological work, 1080
endocrinologic aspects, 1058 Adenosine, Valeriana officinalis and, 902 relaxation work, 1080
etiology, 1057–1058 Adenosylcobalamin, 988 sleep, 1080
general considerations, 1057–1058 Adenylate cyclase cycle, 1760f supplementation, 1080

Page numbers followed by f, t, or b indicate figures, tables, or boxes, respectively.

I-1
I-2 INDEX

Affective disorders (Continued) Alcoholism/alcohol dependence (Continued) Aloe vera (Cape aloe) (Continued)
therapeutic considerations, 1069–1079 Opuntia species (prickly pear) for, 753 antifungal activity of, 423–424
cognitive behavioral therapy, 1070 psychosocial aspects of, 1087 anti-inflammatory activity of, 424
conventional medications, 1067f, 1069–1070 therapeutic approach for, 1088–1089 antimicrobial activity of, 423–424, 423t
counseling, 1070 Aldose reductase, 614–615 as antioxidant support, 428
diet, 1071–1072, 1071t Algae (Spirulina platensis), 1046, 1046b antiviral effects of, 424
massage therapy, 1071 Algal, 447t for asthma, 428, 1128
mind body work, 1070–1071 Alginates, for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1340, in bowel detoxification, 423
yoga and meditation, 1071 1340f, 1341t for burns, 424–425
Aflatoxins, 726, 1030 Al-Jurjāni, 395 in cancer prevention, 428
AFV. See Amniotic fluid volume Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), 1603 chemical composition of, 421–422, 422b
Agaricus bisporus (domestic mushroom), 360t Allergen avoidance, in glaucoma, 1347 active compounds, 422
Agaricus blazei (Kawarihiratake, Himematsutake), Allergic rhinitis, Urtica dioca for, 886 aloin, 422f
687–688 Allergies anthraquinone, 422
Age/aging process, 733–735 aphthous stomatitis and, 1114–1115 prostanoids, 422
alpha-lipoic acid for, 741 atopic dermatitis (eczema), 1151 saccharides, 422
antiaging agents, 555 bacterial sinusitis and, 1187 superoxide dismutase, 422
antiaging effects, 762 water intake and, 964 for contraception, 428
bromelain for, 459 xenobiotic pollutants and, 273–274 description, 421, 422f
elderly patients, 156 Allergology, 314 for diabetes, 427–428
female infertility and, 1440, 1440f Allicin, 414, 416 dosage of, 428
gallstones and, 1332 Alliin, 417–418 drug interactions with, 428
Ginkgo biloba extract for, 746 Allium cepa (onion), 409–413.e1 for frostbite, 424–425
redox balance and, 750 antiasthmatic action of, 413 for gastric ulcers, ulcerative colitis, and rectal disor-
resveratrol for, 747 antimicrobial activity of, 412 ders, 426
senile depression and age-related memory defect, antitumor effects of, 413 gastrointestinal effects of, 423
496–497 for asthma, 1128 hematopoietic effects of, 424
Age-related calcification, 940 cardiovascular effects of, 412–413 history and folk use of, 422–423
Aged garlic extract, 416 chemical composition of, 411 in immune enhancement, 424
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry for cholesterol levels, 1142 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1484, 1487
(ATSDR), 188 clinical applications and dosage of, 413 in inhibition of gastric acid secretion, 423
AGEs. See Advanced glycation end-products description, 411, 412f laxative effects of, 423
Aggravation (healing crisis), 83–84 for diabetes, 413 for lichen planus, 1532
Aggressive behavior, 1410 management, 1282 for oral mucosal disorders, 426–427
Agitation, Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for, 710–711 drug interactions of, 413 pharmacology of, 423
Ahamkar (ego), 258 hair tonic effects of, 413 for psoriasis, 425, 1763–1764
AIDS-related diarrhea, probiotics and, 816 history and folk use of, 411 for radiation burns, 425–426
Air (touch), 259 for hypertension, 1398 for seborrheic dermatitis, 1806
Air particulate matter, NAFLD and, 1602 toxicology of, 413 in skin health, 424–425
Air pollutants Allium sativum (garlic), 414–420.e3 terminology, 421
in infertility, 277 anthelmintic effects of, 415 toxicology of, 428
in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t antibacterial activity of, 415 for wound healing, 424–425
Air pollution, 733 anticancer effects of, 416 Alopecia, 881, 1355, 1356f, 1697
AIs. See Adequate intakes antifungal activity of, 415 ALP. See Alkaline phosphatase
Akathisia, 1492 anti-inflammatory effects of, 416–417 Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), 129, 585–586, 1137
ALA. See Alpha-linolenic acid antimicrobial activity of, 415–416 Alpha-lipoic acid, 741
ALC. See Acetyl-L-carnitine antiviral effects of, 416 for chronic kidney disease, 1515
Alchemilla vulgaris (lady’s mantle), 1449, 1451 for asthma, 1128 for diabetes management, 1283
Alcohol for Candida albicans, 1383 for female infertility, 1444
affective disorders, 1068 for candidiasis, 1224 for HIV/AIDS, 1385b
for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1193 cardiovascular effects of, 416, 417f for male infertility, 1469
in pregnancy, 1720 chemical composition of, 414, 415f for multiple sclerosis, 1596–1597, 1599
Alcohol consumption, active, 1089 for cholesterol-lowering activity, 418–419, 419t for PCOS, 1702
Alcohol detoxification, Aloe vera (Cape aloe) in, 424 commercial preparations of, 417–418 Alpha-thujone, 433
Alcohol intake common names, 414 Alpha-tocopherol, 447
gout and, 1352 description, 414, 415f Alpinia oxyphylla, for overactive bladder, 1542
hypoglycemia and, 1412 for diabetes management, 1282 Al-Rāzi (Rhazes), 394, 394f
male infertility and, 1462 dosage of, 419 Al-Tabari, 394
periodontal disease and, 1691 drug interactions of, 420 Alternative complement pathway, 1478
as risk factors for osteoporosis, 1635 for fibrinolytic activity, 419 Althea officinalis (marshmallow root), 1484, 1755
rosacea and, 1778 history and folk use of, 414–415 for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1342
stress management and, 1053 for HIV/AIDS, 1388b Alumin, ASD and, 1171
Alcoholism/alcohol dependence, 1082–1089.e2 for hypertension, 419, 1398 Alvine discharge, 401–402, 401f
consequences of, 1083b hypoglycemic action of, 417 Al-Zahrāwī (Albucasis), 395
detoxification/treatment immune-enhancing effects of, 416 Alzheimer’s dementia, melatonin for, 704
counseling, 1089 for infectious diarrhea, 1428 Alzheimer’s disease (AD), 1090–1099.e3, 93
diet/nutrition, 1085–1087, 1089 for low-density lipoprotein oxidation prevention, 419 Acetyl-L-carnitine for, 1097
exercise, 1088–1089 microbes inhibited by, 416b aluminum and, 1091–1092
glutamine, 639 miscellaneous effects of, 417 antioxidants for, 1094–1095, 1095t
Pueraria lobata, 1088 for peptic ulcer disease, 1687 botanical medicines for, 1098–1099
Silybum marianum, 1088 for platelet aggregation inhibition, 419 Cannabis for, 478
stages of, 1089 for pneumonia and bronchitis, 1200 carnitine for, 496–497
supplements, 1089 for protozoan infections, 1495 citicoline (CDP-choline) for, 518–519
diagnosis, 1083t toxicity, 419 dehydroepiandrosterone for, 562–563, 1097
summary of, 1082 for urinary tract infections, 1257 description, 1090
effects of, 1084t, 1085, 1711b for vaginitis, 1845, 1848 diagnosis, 1092–1093
ethanol metabolism, 1085 vascular effects of, 419 fingerprint patterns, 1092–1093
fatty liver, 1085 Allopathic medicine, 51 laboratory tests, 1093t
hypoglycemia, 1085 “green allopathy”, 12 summary, 1090
intestinal flora, 1087, 1088f life maltreated by, 34 estrogen for, 1094
general considerations in, 1082–1084 Allostatic model, 18b etiology, 1090–1091, 1093t
genetic susceptibility to, 1082–1083, 1083f Aloe vera (Cape aloe), 421–428.e2 Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo tree) for, 625, 1098
immune system effects, 1013 for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, 427, 427t huperzine A for, 1098, 1098f
impact of homocysteine metabolism on, 996 in alcohol detoxification, 424 lifestyle factors in, 1091
intoxication and withdrawal, 1084–1085, 1084f antibacterial activity of, 423–424 lifestyle recommendations for, 1099
 INDEX I-3

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Continued) Anemia (Continued) Antiarousal breathing exercise, 1007b
melatonin for, 704, 1097–1098 general considerations for, 1100 Antiasthmatic action, of Allium cepa (onion), 413
sundowning phenomenon in, 704 nutritional support for Antiatherogenic effects
neuropathology, 1090 folic acid-deficiency anemia, 1107 of Oyster mushroom, 685
nutritional considerations for, 1094–1097 iron-deficiency anemia, 1105–1106, 1106t of Reishi, 682
phosphatidylcholine for, 1096 pernicious anemia, 1106–1107 Antibacterial activity
phosphatidylserine for, 1096–1097 supplements for, 1107 of Allium sativum (garlic), 415
supplements for, 1099 therapeutic approach/considerations for, 1105, 1107 of Aloe vera (Cape aloe), 423–424
therapeutic considerations/approaches, 1093–1094, types of, 1100–1103 of Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort), 673
1099 deficient red blood cell/hemoglobin production, Antibacterial agents
vitamins for, 1094 1101 berberine-containing plants, 650
zinc for, 1096, 1096f excessive blood loss, 1100 bromelain, 1188
AMA. See American Medical Association excessive red blood cell destruction, 1100–1101 Echinacea angustifolia, 570
Ama (toxic products), 261 iron-deficiency, 1101–1102, 1101f–1102f Echinacea sp., 1188
Amenorrhea, 958 vitamin B12-deficiency, 1102–1103, 1103f Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice), 643
American Academy of Medical Acupuncture (AAMA), Anesthetic gases, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t Hydrastis canadensis, 1188
251 Angelica archangelica, for overactive bladder, 1541 Pelargonium sidoides, 1188
American Association of Acupuncture and Oriental Angelica species, 429–432.e1 Serratia peptidase, 1188
Medicine (AAAOM), 251, 255 A. acutiloba, 429–430 Tabebuia avellanedae, 869, 870t
American Association of Naturopathic Medical Colleges A. archangelica, 429–430 Vaccinium macrocarpon, 890–892
(AANMC), 14 A. atropurpura, 429–430 Antibiotic-resistance uropathogens, prevention of, 892
American Association of Naturopathic Physicians A. sinensis (dong quai), 429–430, 1449–1451, 1564 Antibiotics
(AANP), 13, 43, 49 analgesic activity of, 431 for asthma, 1124
American Board of Chiropractic Acupuncture (ABCA), antiallergic, immunomodulating, and direct antitumor broad-spectrum, 734
251 activity of, 431 candidiasis with long-term use of, 1220
American Board of Medical Acupuncture (ABMA), 251 antimicrobial activity of, 431 herbal, 116–117
American Botanical Council, 268 cardiovascular effects of, 431 probiotics and, 813, 814t
American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists chemical composition of, 429–430 for sinusitis, 1186–1187
(ACOG), 1718–1719 clinical applications of, 431–432 small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), 116
American College of Sports Medicine, 283 description, 429, 430f urinary tract infections related to, 892–893
American cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon), 890 dosage of, 432 vitamin K metabolism and, 943
American Dietetic Association, 980 drug interactions with, 432 Antibodies (immunoglobulins), 157–161, 158f
American exceptionalism, 52–53 kidney effects of, 431 antigliadin, 1357
American ginseng extract, 728 pharmacology of, 430–431 autoantibodies, 159–161, 160f
American Herbal Pharmacopoeia, 268 phytoestrogen effects of, 431 blood, 157–161
American Medical Association (AMA), 30, 40–44, 90 smooth muscle-relaxing activity of, 431 of Candida albicans, 1221
American Naturopathic Association (ANA), 32, 40 toxicology, 432 cerebrospinal fluid, 161
American School of Chiropractic, 31 Angina, 1108–1113.e1, 494 combinations of antigens and, ABO blood groups/
American School of Naturopathy, 31 acupuncture for, 1112 typing, 346t
American Society of Acupuncturists (ASA), 252 botanical medicines for, 1111, 1113 common, 161t
“Americanism”, 52 carnitine for, 494 food allergy-related, 135
Amines, 1579–1580 description, 1108 functions of IgM, D, G, E, A, 159t
Amino acid metabolism, 242f diagnosis, 1108 IgE, 135–136, 1690
Amino acid testing, 1040 diagnostic considerations in, 1108, 1109f atopic dermatitis (eczema) with, 1149–1150, 1150f
Amino acid therapy, affective disorders, 1072–1075 diet/nutrition for, 1110–1112 IgE-mediated, 172
Amino acids, 154, 230, 294–295, 1760f general considerations in, 1108 IgG, 137
for alcohol detoxification/treatment, 1086 hypoglycemia and, 1410 immunoglobulin-A nephropathy, 608–609
for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1193 intravenous ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid chelation monoclonal, 158b
branched chain, 1042–1043 therapy for, 1112 organism-specific, 161
for cataracts, 1811 lifestyle factors in, 1112 secretory immunoglobulin A, 169–170
cysteine, 985 lifestyle recommendations for, 1112 thyroid peroxidase, 1420
metabolism errors of, 499 relaxation and breathing exercises for, 1112 total, 159
Aminosalicylates, 177 risk factors of, 1109f urine, 161
Ammi visnaga (khella), 1111, 1113, 1525 supplements for, 1112–1113 Anticancer agents, berberine, 652
Ammonia, for ASD, 1183 therapeutic considerations/approaches, 1108–1113 Anticancer botanicals
Amniotic fluid, 1717 Angiography, 1147 curcumin, 747
Amniotic fluid volume (AFV), 1717 Angioplasty, 1147 Epilobium species, 582
Amotivational syndrome, 481 Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, 1794–1795 flavonoids, 742–743
AMPs. See Antimicrobial peptides urticaria and, 1826–1827 phytochemicals, 367t
Amylase, 771b Animal foods, source of vitamin K2, 922–923 Silybum marianum (milk thistle), 853
Amyloid, 1090 Animal nutrition, 924 Taraxacum officinale, 878
ANA. See American Naturopathic Association Ankle sprain, 374 Anticancer effects, of Allium sativum (garlic), 416
Anabolic hormone repletion, 1795–1796 Ankylosing spondylitis, 375 Anticholinergic agonists, for lower urinary tract symp-
Anabsinthin, 434f Annals of Family Practice, 9 toms, 1539–1540
Anaerobic bacteria, 248 Annals of Medicine, 602 Anticoagulant treatments, 941, 943
Anaerobic exercise, 284–285 Annals of Thoracic Surgery, 600 Anticoagulants, for osteoporosis, 1642
Anaerobic organisms, causing pelvic inflammatory Anogenital warts, 1753 Anticonvulsant drugs, 943, 1299–1300
disease, 1676 Anovulation, 1570t for osteoporosis, 1640
Anal abscesses, 1748–1749 in PCOS, 1697 Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies,
Analgesic activity, of Angelica species, 431 Antacids, 981–982 1771
Ananas comosus, 458 for osteoporosis, 1641 Antidepressant activity, of Hypericum perforatum (St.
Anatomical Adjustive Technique, 65 Antecedents, in functional medicine model, 5 John’s wort), 671–673
Ancient hydrotherapy, 316–317 Anthelmintic effects, of Allium sativum (garlic), 415 Antidepressant agents
Androgen excess/hyperandrogenism, in PCOS, 1695, Anthocyanins, for leukoplakia, 1529 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) compared to fluvox-
1697 Anthocyanoside extracts, for gout, 1354 amine, 663t
Androgen levels, 1770 Anthocyanosides, 897, 899f Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo tree), 627
Androgens, 350, 1356 Anthracyclines, 531 for osteoporosis, 1641
Andrographis paniculata, 1388b Anthraquinone, 1525 placebo effect in, 93
Andropause, 926–927 Anthropometry, for sarcopenia, 1790 serotonin-reuptake inhibitors, 265
Anemia, 1100–1107.e1 Anti-A isoagglutinins, 348 side effects of, 663t
bone marrow/stem cell dysfunction and, 1103–1104 Anti-ACE peptides, clinical applications, hypertension, Antidepressant effects, of Panax ginseng (Korean gin-
diagnosis 1397 seng), 765
considerations for, 1104, 1105f Antiallergic activity, of Angelica species, 431 Antidiarrheal agents, Croton lechleri, 549
summary of, 1100 Antiandrogenic effects, of Reishi, 682 Antidiarrheal botanicals, 1428
folate deficiency and, 1103 Antiapoptotic medication, 111 Antiedema effects, of Eleutherococcus senticosus, 575–576
I-4 INDEX

Antiemetic agents, Zingiber officinale (ginger), 969 Antioxidant effects, of Camellia sinensis (green tea), 468t Antiviral activity, of Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s
Antifatigue Antioxidant support, Aloe vera (Cape aloe) as, 428 wort), 673
activity, Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng) for, 757–760 Antioxidants, 736–741, 1773 Antiviral agents
Lion’s Mane as, 686 activity of wine, 744 Croton lechleri, 549
Antifungal activity for adjunctive cancer therapy, 750 Echinacea species, 569
of Allium sativum (garlic), 415 Agaricus blazei as, 688 Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice), 643
of Aloe vera (Cape aloe), 423–424 for alcohol detoxification/treatment, 1086 Opuntia species (prickly pear), 753
Antifungal agents, 311, 1224 Allium sativum (garlic) as, 418 as peat baths, 374
Tabebuia avellanedae, 870 for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), 1094–1095, 1095t quercetin, 615
Antigens for asthma, 1125 Silybum marianum (milk thistle), 853
ABH, 346–351, 347f carotenoids as, 740 Tabebuia avellanedae, 869–870
ABO blood group, 346, 353–354 Chaga as, 684 Antiviral effects
A and B, 355 cocoa, 744 of Allium sativum (garlic), 416
blood group antigen (BGA), 353t considerations for using, 749–750 of Aloe vera (Cape aloe), 424
of Candida albicans, 1221 Curcuma longa, 552, 555–556 of fire sponge, 689
combinations of antibodies and antigens, 346t deficiencies of, 748 of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm), 710
embryonic expression of ABH antigens, 347 drug interactions of, 750 of Reishi, 682
H. Pylori stool antigen testing, 231 endogenous, 736–737 Antiyeast agents, 1224–1225
IgE-mediated, 172 enzymes as, 736–737 Anxiety
inadvertent elaboration of, 353–354 for epilepsy, 1303 Cannabis for, 478
luminal, 113, 169 fat soluble, 228 Centella asiatica (Gotu kola) for, 504
nonreducing end of ABH and Lewis blood group for female infertility, 1443–1444 diagnosis, 1064
antigen determinants, 347f future directions for using, 751 exercise for, 292
O antigen, 346–347 goals of, 748 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) for, 663
pancarcinoma-associated antigen, 353 grape seed extract, 745 Lion’s Mane for, 686–687
polyantigenic organisms, 1223 for hepatitis viruses, 1365 Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for, 710–711
selection values, 355 for hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease, 1404 Piper methysticum (kava), 794–795
Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TFA), 353 for immune support/enhancement, 1015 therapeutic considerations, 1080
Antigliadin antibodies, 1357 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1482 Valeriana officinalis for, 905
Antigout effects, of Reishi, 682 isoflavones, 1838 Anxiolytic effects, of Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng), 765
Antihyperlipidemic effects, of Oyster mushroom, 686 laboratory assessment of activity, 736 Aortic glycosaminoglycans, in glandular therapy, 303,
Anti-inflammatory activity limits of, 749 303t
of Aloe vera (Cape aloe), 424 for male infertility, 1465–1470 Aphthous stomatitis, 1114–1117.e1, 223
of carotenes/carotenoids, 446 medicinal mushrooms, 680 allergies and environmental factors with, 1114–1115
probiotics and, 810 metabolites as, 742 botanical medicines for, 1117
Anti-inflammatory agents metallothionein as, 737 deglycyrrhizinated licorice for, 1116
bromelain, 462 micronutrients as, 738–740 description, 1114
curcumin, 747 for multiple sclerosis, 1596–1597 diagnosis, 1114
of Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice), 642–643 for mycotoxin, 1032–1033 diet for, 1116
narrow-leafed purple coneflower, 569 naturally occurring, 731–751.e12 dietary factors of, 1115
NSAIDs, 1771, 1826 non-nutritive, 742 differential diagnosis for, 1115t
pine bark extract, 745 normal metabolism generation of reactive oxygen general considerations in, 1114, 1115f
quercetin, 614 species, 732 gluten sensitivity and, 1115
resveratrol, 746–747 cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase, 732 hormonal changes and, 1115
Silybum marianum (milk thistle), 852–853 oxidases, 732 mechanical injuries from, 1115
Anti-inflammatory effects oxidative stress, 733 nutrient deficiency and, 1116
of Allium sativum (garlic), 416–417 from oxygen, 733 quercetin/flavonoids for, 1116
of Camellia sinensis (green tea), 468t redox regulation, 734–735, 737–738 stress and, 1116
of Chaga, 684 scavenging activity, 824b supplements for, 1116
of Enokitake, 688 Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng), 762 therapeutic considerations/approaches, 1114–1117
of red belted polypore, 689 for Parkinson’s disease, 1670 Aphthous ulcers, Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) for, 644
of Shiitake, 687 for PCOS, 1700 Aplastic anemia, 1104
Anti-inflammatory foods, for endometriosis, 1291 phenolics, 1838 Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) gene, 1090–1091, 1091f
Anti-inflammatory nutrients, cancer and, 974 phytochemical, 367t, 735, 742 Apolipoprotein-E (Apo-E), 145, 146t
Antimalarial effects, of Artemisia annua (sweet worm- polyphenols, 742 Apoptosis, 107
wood), 437 procyanidolic oligomers (procyanidins), 823–824, in AIDS, 111
Antimicrobial activity 824b apoptotic cell population, 110f
of Allium cepa (onion), 412 prooxidant effects of, 749 in autoimmune diseases, 110–111
of Allium sativum (garlic), 415–416 quercetin, 614 balance/imbalance of, 112f
of Aloe vera (Cape aloe), 423–424, 423t red belted polypore as, 689 mitosis and, 111–112, 112f
of Angelica species, 431 research frontiers on, 750 benzene exposure and, 109
Antimicrobial agents, Croton lechleri, 549 for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1773 cancer applications for, 110–111
Antimicrobial effects safe upper intake levels of, 749t cell-cycle regulation and, 735
of Agaricus blazei, 688 for sarcopenia, 1801 controlling malignancy through, 109–110
of Enokitake, 688 therapeutic use of, 747–748 detection of, 108f
of Shiitake, 687 transferrin, 737 effects of vitamin K on, 925–926
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), 169 type 2 diabetes and, 1268–1269 in health and diseases, 106–112.e1
Antimicrobials, berberine-containing plants, 650–652 Vaccinium macrocarpon, 894 in heart and brain, 111
Antimuscarinic agonists, for lower urinary tract symp- without supplements, 748–749 inducers of, 743
toms, 1539–1540 Zingiber officinale (ginger), 966 measurable features, 107–108
Antineoplastic agents, 907–908 Antiparasitic agents in Parkinson’s disease, 1667
Antineoplastic drugs, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t for infectious diarrhea, 1428 pathologies associated with, 111
Antineoplastic effects Tabebuia avellanedae, 870 stages of, 108–109, 108f
of Agaricus blazei, 688 Antiparasitic effects, of Artemisia annua (sweet worm- substantia nigra, 1667
of Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood), 438 wood), 437–438 triggers for, 119–120
of Cordyceps, 683 Antiplatelet effects, of Camellia sinensis (green tea), 468t during viral infection, 111
of fire sponge, 689 Antiproliferative agents, Croton lechleri, 549 Appendicitis, fasting and, 296
of Maitake, 685 Antiproliferative effect, of Camellia sinensis (green tea), Appetite, 1299
of red belted polypore, 689 468t control and satiety, 524, 664t, 1613
of Reishi, 682 Antispasmodic effects, of Mentha piperita (peppermint), stimulation, Cannabis for, 475–476
of Shiitake, 687 714 Applied kinesiology, 138–139
of Turkey Tail, 684 Antithrombotic effects, of Camellia sinensis (green tea), Arabic healing, 391
Antiobesity, Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng) for, 468t Arabinose, 239
765–766, 766f Anti-TNF agents, 177 Arachidonic acid (AA), 130
Antioxidant activity, of carotenes/carotenoids, 445, 447t Antitumor effects, of Allium cepa (onion), 413 Arachidonic acid cascade, 1476f
 INDEX I-5

Arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratio, 132 Artocarpus integrifolia (jackfruit seeds), 360t Atherosclerosis (Continued)
Arbutin, 888f ASA. See American Society of Acupuncturists lowering cholesterol in, 1139–1143
Arctic root (Rhodiola rosea), 1045, 1234 Ascorbic acid (vitamin C), status determination of, comparing natural cholesterol-lowering agents,
Arctostaphylos uva ursi (bearberry or upland cranberry), 178–179 1142–1143, 1142t
887–889.e1, 1256–1257 ASD. See Autism spectrum disorders natural products for, 1140–1142
anti-inflammatory effects, 887 Ashi point, 254 soluble dietary fiber for, 1139–1140, 1140t
antimicrobial effects, 887 Asparagus racemosus (shatavari), 1450–1451 polyunsaturated fatty acids and, 591
for bacterial cystitis, 1258 Aspergillus, 1029 process of, 1131–1132
chemical composition, 887, 888f Aspergillus fumigatus, 1029 procyanidolic oligomers (procyanidins) for, 826–827
clinical applications, 887–888 Aspergillus niger, 1029 recurrent heart attack in, prevention of, 1147–1148
description, 887, 888f Aspergillus versicolor, 1029 risk factors of, 1144–1146
dosages, 888 Aspermia, 1454t fibrinogen, 1145
drug interactions, 889 Aspirin, 1147, 1478 homocysteine, 1145
history and folk use, 887 for asthma, 1122 nutritional, 1146
inhibition of melanin synthesis, 887 dietary alternatives to, 1147 platelet aggregation, 1144–1145
pharmacology, 887 and inflammatory bowel disease, 1478 “type A” personality, 1145–1146
toxicology, 888 sensitivity to, 1826 therapeutic approach for, 1148
for urinary tract infections, 888 at ultralow doses, 311 Athletic Body in Balance (Cook), 283
Arginine/L-arginine, 1041 vitamin K metabolism and, 943 Atkins diet, 1616–1617
for angina, 1111 Asthma, 1118–1130.e4, 17b, 348, 406 Atma (soundness of soul), 260
boron and, 454 acupuncture/acupressure for, 1128–1130 Atopic dermatitis (eczema), 1149–1155.e2, 348, 646
for congestive heart failure, 1239 in acute attacks, 1130 botanical medicines for, 1153
for cystitis/interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syn- Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 428 in children, melatonin for, 706
drome, 1255 antioxidants for, 1125 comorbidities of, 1151
for female infertility, 1443 arachidonic acid metabolism, 1120f considerations for, 1149–1151
for herpes simplex virus, 1370 beneficial foods for, 1123 diagnostic summary, 1149
for HIV/AIDS, 1385b botanical medicines for, 1127–1130 diet for, 1154
for hypertension, 1396–1397 Candida albicans in GI tract and, 1122 environmental considerations for, 1154
for male infertility, 1469, 1472 carotenes for, 1126 etiology
for nonbacterial interstitial cystitis/painful bladder categories of, 1118–1119 Candida albicans, 1152
syndrome, 1258 causes and physiologic abnormalities endocrine factors, 1153
for sports nutrition, 1041 dehydroepiandrosterone, 1123 environmental factors, 1151
Arizona College of Naturopathic Medicine, 45 estrogen and progesterone, 1123 filaggrin and epidermal barrier dysfunction in, 1149
Arnold cytokine, 287 food additives, 1122–1123 food allergies, gut permeability, candidal over-
Aromatase inhibitors increased salt intake, 1123 growth, 1152
for endometriosis, 1292 melatonin, 1123 immune dysregulation, thymic stromal lymphopoi-
for osteoporosis, 1640 causes of, 1119 etin, allergic inflammation, 1149–1151
Arsenic, 1269–1270 inflammation and Th1/Th2 imbalances, 1119, 1120f Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) for, 646
and Curcuma longa, 552 classification of severity, 1119t nutritional supplements for, 1152–1153
exposure, 188, 1725 counseling for, 1130 Oyster mushroom for, 685–686
asthma and, 1121–1122 description, 1118 predictors of severity, 1151
as water contaminants, 272 diagnosis, 1119 psychological approach for, 1153–1154
Arsenicum album, 313 diagnostic summary of, 1118 scratching cessation for, 1153
Artabsin, 434f diet, 1123–1124 supplement for, 1154
Artemisia absinthium (wormwood), 433–436.e2 drugs for, 1122 therapeutic considerations for, 1151–1154
antiparasitic effects of, 435 effect of breastfeeding on, 1124 topical treatment for, 1154
chemical composition of, 433, 434f elimination of food allergens, 1124 Atopic disease, galactooligosaccharides and, 804
clinical applications of, 435 environment control for, 1129 Atopic eczema, 801–802
description, 433, 434f environmental toxins and, 1121–1122 probiotics and, 813–814
digestive effects of, 434 Ephedra species for, 579 Atorvastatin, niacin and, 1140, 1141t
dosage of, 435 fish oils for, 604 Atrial fibrillation, fish oils for, 600–601
drug interactions with, 436 flavonoids for, 1126 Atropa belladonna (deadly nightshade), 308
endocrine effects of, 435 food allergy and, 1123–1124 Atrophic vaginitis, 1843, 1843b, 1849
hepatic effects of, 434–435 Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo tree) for, 627 ATSDR. See Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease
history and folk use of, 433–434 hypochlorhydria and, 1122 Registry
neurologic effects of, 435 increased intestinal permeability, 1122 Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD),
toxicity, 435–436 magnesium for, 1126–1127 1156–1162.e3
Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood), 437–440.e1, 1495 mediators, 1119–1120 botanical medicines for, 1161
antimalarial effects of, 437 adrenal gland activity, 1121 cognitive-behavioral therapies for, 1161
antineoplastic effects of, 438 autonomic nervous system, 1121 considerations for, 1156–1158
antiparasitic effects of, 437–438 influenza vaccine, 1121 diagnostic summary of, 1156
for arthritis, 439 lipoxygenase products, 1120–1121 dietary and lifestyle factors and, 1159–1160
for cancer, 438–439 pertussis vaccine, 1121 environmental neurotoxins, 1158–1159
chemical composition of, 437 omega-3 fatty acids for, 1124–1125 etiology of, 1157–1158
description of, 437 selenium for, 1126 immune system impairment and, 1160
dosage of, 440 supplements for, 1129 insomnia and, in children, melatonin for, 700–701
drug interactions with, 440 therapeutic approach for, 1129–1130 neurofeedback, 1161
history and folk use of, 437 water intake and, 964 therapeutic approach for, 1161–1162
for malaria, 438, 439f xenobiotic pollutants and, 273–274 therapeutic considerations for, 1158
for schistosomiasis, 438 Astragalus membranaceous, 1471–1472 Attention focusing strategies, 341–342
toxicity, 440 Astragalus membranaceus, for immune support, 1016 Attenuated apoptosis, in PCOS, 1697
Artemisia douglasiana, 1687 Astringent herbs, 1573 Attributional Style Questionnaire, 102
Artemisinin, 437, 439f Atherosclerosis, 1131–1148.e4, 1274, 1546 Autism, 1163–1185.e1, 241
Arterial calcification, 938t, 939–940 antioxidant status in, 1143–1144 case study on, Morgan as, 1163–1168
Arterial stiffness, Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for, 711 Capsicum frutescens (cayenne pepper) for, 484 historical perspective for, 1167–1168, 1167f–1168f
Arterial trunk reflex, 318 Crataegus oxyacantha for, 546 treatment plan for, 1165–1166, 1166f
Arteries, 993b diagnostic summary of, 1131 causes of complex disease, 1168–1169
Arteriosclerosis, Monckeberg’s, 937–938 general considerations in, 1131–1136 loss of immune tolerance, 1168–1169
Artery, structure of, 1131 causative factors of, 1132, 1132f, 1132t, 1132b shifting thinking, 1169
Arthritis, 489 clinical evaluation for, 1132, 1133b unity of disease causes, 1169
Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) for, 439 patient’s risk in, 1132, 1133t melatonin for, 700
peat therapy for, 374 risk factors in, 1132–1136 Autism spectrum disorders (ASD), 1017, 1169–1171
Urtica dioca for, 885 understanding of, 1131–1132 BROCS test for, 1179–1180, 1179f–1180f
Artichoke (Cynara scolymus), 1336 general guidelines in, 1136–1139 caring for, 1171
Articulation technique, for soft tissue manipulation, 384t hypoglycemia and, 1410 cholesterol for, 1182
I-6 INDEX

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) (Continued) Bacterial infections (Continued) Benign prostatic hyperplasia (Continued)
diet for, 1176–1177 male infertility and, 1463 risk factors for, 1189–1190
electroconvulsive therapy for, 1180–1181 pancreatic enzymes for, 774–775 toxins and, 1190
etiology of, 1170 periodontal, 1690 urine and blood tests for, 1191
fasting for, 1181 vaginosis, 1841–1842, 1849 Urtica dioca for, 884–885, 885t
gene variants DQB1 and DRB1, 1180 Bacterial pathogens Benzene, 109, 110f, 119f, 218t–219t
laboratory testing for, 1182–1183 Bacterium bifidum, 1224 Benzoates, 1828
lithium for, 1181 Bifidobacteria, 979 Benzodiazepines, for osteoporosis, 1640
loss and restoration of immune tolerance and, 1171 Campylobacter jejuni, 369 Benzoic acid, 237
prevalence in, 1169–1170 Clostridium difficile, 231–232, 1423, 1430 Berberine, 1280–1281, 1495
restoration for, 1176–1179 Helicobacter pylori, 231, 349–350, 355, 415, 1347, 1580, Berberine-containing botanicals, for trichomoniasis
taurine for, 1180 1683–1685, 1778 treatment, 1820
testosterone for, 1182 Laribacter hong-kongensis, 1424 Berberine-containing plants, 648, 1224
thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide for, 1182 Salmonella species, 1423 adverse effects and toxicity of, 656
toxin exposure and, 1170–1171 Shigella, 1423–1424 anticancer effects of, 652, 652f
treatment for, 1171–1176 Yersinia enterocolitica, 1424 antidiabetic effects of, 653
chelation as, 1175 Bacterial sinusitis anti-infective activity and gut health, 650–652
elevated body burden of lead, mercury and, antibiotics for, 1186–1188.e1 antimicrobial activity, 650–652
1175–1176 botanicals for, 1188 antipyretic activity of, 652–653
helminthic therapy as, 1174–1175, 1174f diagnostic summary of, 1186 bioavailability of, 656
Saccharomyces boulardii, herx, and activated char- local treatment for, 1188 for cancer, 654, 655f
coal as, 1173–1174, 1173b mucolytics for, 1187 for candidiasis, 1224
zinc for, 1182 physical therapy for, 1188 cardiovascular effects of, 653
Autoantibodies, 161t, 1769–1770 Serratia peptidase or bromelain for, 1188 chemical composition of, 650f
Autohypnosis, 342 therapeutic approach for, 1187–1188 for cholecystitis and cirrhosis of the liver, 654
Autoimmune diseases therapeutic considerations for, 1186–1187 clinical applications of, 653–656
apoptosis in, 110–111 Bacterial vaginosis, probiotics and, 819–820, 820t for congestive heart failure, 654
erythrocyte sedimentation rate monitoring, 124 Bacteriophage Institute (Tbilisi, Georgia), 784 dosage of, 656
fasting and, 297 Bacteriophage intracellular growth cycle, 780f drug interactions of, 656–657
fish oils for, 603–604 Bacteriophage T4, 778f for heart disease, 654–655
pancreatic enzymes for, 774 Bacteriophages, 777–787.e3, 778–780, 778f immunostimulatory activity of, 652, 652f
Autoimmune urticaria, 1824–1825, 1825f Bacteriotherapy, for streptococcal pharyngitis (strep for infectious diarrhea, 1427–1428, 1430
Autoimmunity, xenobiotic pollutants and, 274 throat), 1815 and bowel health, 653
“Auto-intoxication”, 37 Bacterium bifidum, 1224 liver-protective effects of, 654
Autonomic nervous system, 93 Bacteriuria, Vaccinium macrocarpon, 891, 894 primary alkaloids of, 649t
Autumn crocus. See Colchicum autumnale Bacteroides, 234 quality considerations of, 656
Ayurgenomics, 262–263 Baer, Hans, 42 sensitivity to berberine sulfate, 651t
Ayurvedic medicine, 257–263.e1 Balance testing, for sarcopenia, 1788 for trachoma, 653–654
branches of, 258–260, 258t Balneology, 371–372 for type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome, 655–656
health and disease, 260–261 about, 371 Berberine sulfate, 651t
history of, 257–258, 258f circadian rhythms, 372 Berberis aquifolium (Oregon grape), 1224
development, 257 combined with other therapies, 372 chemical composition of, 650
modern medicine and, 262–263 conditions indicated for, 378 description of, 649, 649f
modes of therapy, 261–262 physiologic effects of, 372 dosage of, 656
diet, 261 Bandeiraea simplicifolia (Griffonia), 355, 360t history and folk use of, 650
individualization of, 261, 261b Baptisia, for chronic kidney disease, 1516 for protozoan infections, 1495
pharmacy in, 261–262 Baptisia tinctoria (wild indigo), 360t, 1484 Berberis vulgaris (barberry), 1224
philosophy of, 258 Barberry. See Berberis vulgaris chemical composition of, 650
five basic elements and universe (Panchbhuta Barrier methods, of contraception, 1681 description of, 649, 649f
philosophy), 258 Basal body temperature, 1875, 1876 dosage of, 656
five elements and the senses, 258–259, 259t Basic Four Food Groups, 364 history and folk use of, 650
physiology of, 259 Basic Naturopathy (Spitler), 43 for vaginitis, 1845
functions of Tridosha, 259 Bastyr, John, 45, 96 Berg balance scale (BBS), 1788
properties of Dosha, 259 Bastyr formula, 1484, 1484b, 1487 Berkson combination antioxidant approach, 1367
psychosomatic constitutions, 259 Bastyr University, 14–15, 49 Berries, 744
research and, 262 Baths, 324 Berry, flavonoid-rich, 1851
school of physicians (Atreya Sampradaya), 257 Battle Creek Sanitarium, 37, 317 Beta 3-adrenergic agonists, for lower urinary tract symp-
school of surgeons (Dhanvantari Sampradaya), BBS. See Berg balance scale toms, 1539–1540
257–258 BDNF. See Brain-derived neurotrophic factor Beta-alanine, 1041–1042
Sushruta Samhita, 257 Be’ champ’s theory, 49 Beta-amyloid, 1090
turmeric in, 552 Beach, Wooster, 27 Beta-blockers
Unani medicine compared to, 392t–393t Beans (legumes), 1873 for asthma, 1122
Azelaic acid, 1060 Beatty, Homer G., 55, 65 melatonin and, for insomnia, 699
Azeotropic method, in glandular preparations, 301 BEBR. See Bureau of Economic and Business Research of Beta-carotene, 443–450.e2, 443f
Azoospermia, 1454t the University of Utah cancer prevention study group, 447
Be’champ, Bernard, 49 for cataracts, 1811
B Bedside manner, 40 for cervical dysplasia, 1216
B cells, 157 Bee pollen, 441 distribution in human tissues of, 445t
B vitamins, for vaginitis, 1844 Bee products, 441–442.e1 dosage, 450
Bacillus badius, glyphosate and, 219 clinical applications of, 442b drug interactions with, 450
Back pain propolis, clinical applications of, 1225, 1819 for endometriosis, 1292–1293
locating source of, 335 Behavioral issues excessive use of, 749–750
nonpharmacologic management of, 345 aggressive and criminal, 1410 for fibrocystic breast disease (FBD), 1318
Back to Eden (Kloss), 42 therapy, 1615 for HIV/AIDS, 1384b, 1390
Bacopa monniera (BM), 1098–1099 violent, 151–152 for leukoplakia, 1528–1529, 1529t
Bacteremia, 822 Behavioral therapy, for overactive bladder, 1541, 1544, for lichen planus, 1531–1532
Bacteria 1544b for male infertility, 1466, 1472
anaerobic, 248 Belt test (Support Adams), 336–337 for otitis media, 1664
flora/microflora, 347–348 Benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1189–1195.e3 for pelvic inflammatory disease, 1680
inhibited by Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree), 694t botanical medicine for, 1193–1195 for periodontal disease, 1693
intestinal, 923 diagnostic considerations for, 1190–1192 toxicity, 450
in urticaria (hives), 1829 diagnostic summary for, 1189 for vaginitis, 1844
Bacterial infections hormones and, 1189–1190 Beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate (HMB), 1042
of infectious diarrhea, 1423–1424 metabolic syndrome and, 1190 Beta-sitosterol, 884f
intestinal, 230–232, 347–348 prostate-specific antigen for, 1191–1192 for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1193
 INDEX I-7

Beta-sitosterone, 829f Bitter melon (Momordica charantia), 1282 Boron (Continued)

Beta-thalassemia major, 499 Black cohosh extract, 728 metabolism of, 452–453
Betaine, 989–990, 989f, 1303 Black pepper (Piper rotundum), 261 nutrient interactions with, 454
for fibrocystic breast disease, 1317 Black seed, 403–404, 404f for osteoarthritis, 1628, 1631
Bethesda reporting system, 1213 Black tea, 467 for osteoporosis, 1648
Bevacizumab, for cancer, 973 Black walnut (Juglans nigra), 1495 sources of, 451–452
Beverages, ASD and, 1178 Bladder, neurogenic, 892 toxicology, 456–457
BHL. See Breath hydrogen levels Bladder retraining, for overactive bladder, 1541 Boswellia, for fibrocystic breast disease (FBD), 1317
Bicarbonate buffer, 1001 Blastocystis hominis, 1493 Boswellia serrata (salai guggul gum), 1128, 1482–1483,
Bifidobacteria, 979 Bleach baths, for atopic dermatitis (eczema), 1153 1483t, 1487, 1629, 1631
Bifidobacterial growth, 803–806, 804t Bleeding, 942 Botanical medicine, 264–268.e1
Bifidobacterium adolescentis, glyphosate and, 219 Bleeding disorders, 1570t advantages of herbal medicines, 265–266
Bilateral leg raising test, 336 Bleeding time, 609–610 affective disorders and, 1076–1077
Bilberry extract, 728 Bleything, Wallace Martin, 58–59 cannabidiol oil, 1077
Bile, 398t Blood, in Unani medicine, 398t curcumin, 1077
Bile/bile acids, 114f, 234–235, 1330, 1331f, 1331t, 1335, Blood-brain barrier, 94 Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s Wort), 1076–1077
1760–1761 Blood clotting, 351 Passiflora (passionflower), 1077
free bile acids, 114 Blood flow, water in, 318 Rhodiola rosea, 1077
Bile salts, 114–115 arterial trunk reflex, 318 saffron, 1077
Biliary system. See Liver/biliary system collateral circulation, 318 for chronic kidney disease, 1515–1517
Bilirubin, NAFLD and, 1603 derivation and, 318 drugs from plants and traditional uses, 268t
Bilz, F. E., 36 local effects of, 318 endangered species, 508–509
Bindex, 1634 retrostasis and, 318 for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1342–1343
Biochemical barrier, intestinal, 169 revulsive effect of, 318 herbal medicines
Biochemical effects of peat, 373 spinal cord reflex, 318 advantages of, 265–266
Biochemical hormones, 6b Blood group antigen (BGA) expression, 353t for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), 1499–1501
Biochemical markers of bone turnover (BTMs), Blood-letting, 404–405 as medicinal agents, 264
1634–1635 Blood pressure, 861–862 oxalate content of, 1523b–1524b
Biocurcumax (BCM-95), 558t elevated, atherosclerosis and, 1135 role of, in modern pharmacy, 264–266
Bioelectrical impedance, for sarcopenia, 1790 Blood pressure disorders, 125 study of, 266–268
“Bioenergy” healing research, 388 Blood sugar dysregulation, 1066 history of, 266
Bioethical considerations, 148–149 Blood sugar regulation black plague and syphilis, 266–267
Biofeedback, 345, 1501–1502, 1585 mushrooms in, 680 Galenical medicine, 266–267
for overactive bladder, 1540 Reishi in, 682 initial use of plants, 266
Bioflavonoids, for vaginitis, 1844 Blood Type Diet (BTD), 358–359 Materia Medicas, 266
Bioidentical hormones, 1565–1568 Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), 298 Thomsonian and eclectic movements, 267
dehydroepiandrosterone, 1566–1567 Blood values, in fasting, 298 for overactive bladder, 1541–1542
endometriosis, 1294 Bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis), 266, 1693 patents for plants, 264
estrogens, 1565–1566 Blow flow, 318 pharmaceutic industry in, 267–268
menopause, 1565–1568 Blue cohosh (Caulophyllum thalictroides), 266 science and renaissance in, 265
for menorrhagia, 1574 Blueberry, for chronic kidney disease, 1516, 1516f Botanical mixture, for vaginitis, 1845–1846
premenstrual syndrome, 1746 Blue-green algae (Spirulina platensis), 1046, 1046b Botanicals, for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1195
progesterone cream, 1839 BM. See Bacopa monniera “Botanics” (professional Thomsonian doctors), 27
testosterone, 1566 BMI. See Body mass index Botox, for overactive bladder, 1540
“Biologic living”, 37 BMJ. See British Medical Journal Bottle blowing, 1200–1201
Biologic response modifiers, mushrooms as, 679–680 Body calming, 1051–1052 Boucher, Joseph, 62
Biologic water (Kaph), 259 Body mass index (BMI), 1605, 1606t, 1716, 1718t Bovine lactoferrin, for H. pylori, 983
Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, 1772 melatonin, fluoxetine, and postmenopausal women Bowel detoxification, Aloe vera (Cape aloe) in, 423
Biomarkers and, 706 Bowel function
for digestion/absorption, 229–230 Body temperature intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity, 347
for flora/microflora, 233–235 during fasting, 1862 intestinal bacterial milieu, 1495
for immune function, 230–232 fevers, 319–320 intestinal brush border, damage to, 229
for infectious processes, 230–232 hyperthermia, 373–374 intestinal mucosa, role in immune defense of, 978
for inflammation, 230–232 low, 319–320 intestinal stasis/motility, 117
for metal toxicity, 189 measuring basal, 1875, 1876 Bowel tolerance, 1025
for microflora metabolic activity, 234 Body therapies, in Crinnion Depuration Protocol, 281 Boyd, William, 355
porphyrins as, 245 Bodywork, 1234 Bradyarrhythmias, Taxus brevifolia for, 881
urinary porphyrins, 245–247.e2 Boggy end-feel, 337, 383 Brahma, 258
vitamin K, 944–945 Bone, 609, 926–937, 926f Brain
Biomechanical medicine, acupuncture and, 253 bone health, 469, 609, 926–937, 926f digestive physiology, 228
Biomedicine (standard medicine), 15, 18 exercise for, 290–291 energy requirements of normal, 295
Biomedicine and Alternative Healing Systems in America “Bone cracking” method, 23 exercise code or pattern for, 283
(Baer), 46 Bone metabolism, 615 exercise for, 291–292
BioPQQ test, 834 vitamin K1 on, 927 Brain/brain function
Bio-resonance therapy (BRT), 138–139 vitamin K2 on, 934 apoptosis in, 111
Biorhythms, 372 Bone mineral density boron and, 453
Biotin, 243, 1279–1280, 1804 effects of MK-7 on, 934 brain image in multiple sclerosis, 1588f
for multiple sclerosis, 1597 in vitamin K1, 927, 929t–930t brain injuries, 639
in pregnancy, 1725–1730 Bone-on-bone end-feel, 338 brain region activity, 93
status determination of, 179 Bone quality, vitamin K2 on, 934 diet and growth of, 362
Biotransformation, 3f, 4 Bone strength, vitamin K2 on, 934 generation of placebo effect, 93
Bipolar disorder Bonesetters of England, Complete Bonesetter, The, 331 hypoglycemia effects on, 1409–1410
description, 1064 Bony end-feel, 334 vitamin K for protection of, 942–943
diagnosis, 1064 Boric acid, 451f Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), 1078
manic phase, 1064 Boron, 451–457.e2, 451f Brain dysfunction, artificial sweeteners implicated in, 1178
therapeutic considerations, 1080 biochemistry of, 452–453 Brain neuroplasticity, exercise for, 291
Birth control pills, 1642–1643 biologic functions of, 453 Branch-chain amino acid, intermediates of, 242
Bismuth subcitrate, 1686, 1688 chemical properties of, 452 Branched chain amino acids, 1042–1043, 1363
Bisphenol A (BPA), 272, 1270, 1696 clinical applications of, 455–456 Breast
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, concentration of, in Australian foods, 452t anatomy and physiology of, 1311–1313
1158 deficiency signs and symptoms of, 453 cysts, 1312
exposure, 1722–1724, 1723t–1724t dietary, 452t environmental toxins in, 1313
atherosclerosis and, 1135 dosage of, 456 extracellular matrix and fibrosis, 1311–1312
for menopause, 1559–1560 drug interactions with, 457 hormonal milieu, 1313, 1313t
Bisphosphonates, 935 hormone interactions with, 454–455, 455t microbiome, 1312, 1314
I-8 INDEX

Breast cancer, 354 Budden, William Alfred, 43, 53–54 Camellia sinensis (green tea) (Continued)
boron for, 455–456 on chiropractic and naturopathy, 57–58 drug interactions of, 469
carotenoids for, 740 professional matters for, 61–62 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1482
insomnia and, melatonin for, 703 1953 for class of ‘53, 61–62 neuroprotective effects of, 469
pancreatic enzymes for, 773 positive developments, 61 for oral cavity diseases, 469
postmenopausal, 1554–1557 stalwarts of 1953, 62 for Parkinson’s disease, 1672–1673
soy intake and, 863–864 BUN. See Blood urea nitrogen for PCOS, 1705
soy phytoestrogens and, 1838 Bureau of Economic and Business Research of the Uni- for periodontal disease, 1693
Breast feeding, 675 versity of Utah (BEBR), 43 pharmacology of, 465–466
Breast irradiation dermatitis, topical melatonin for, 703 Burkitt, Denis, 363, 977 photoprotective effects of, 469
Breastfeeding/lactation, 419, 609, 881, 1124 Burn injuries, 463, 503 for sports nutrition, 1045
Breath flow, focal awareness of, 342 Burns, 674–675 toxicity of, 469
Breath hydrogen levels (BHL), 359 Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 424–425 for weight loss programs, 468–469
Breath testing 1,3 Butadiene, 218t–219t Campylobacter jejuni, 369, 1423
for hydrogen, 113 Butcher’s broom (Ruscus aculeatus), 1755, 1852–1853 Ca-Na2-EDTA, 192t
lactose intolerance testing, 185–186 Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), 943–944, 1828 Canadian studies, 46b
lactulose breath test, 116 Bypass patients, fish oils for, 600 Cancer
for methane, 113 ABO blood groups and
small intestine bacterial overgrowth, 115–116 C breast/gynecological cancers, 354
false-negative results, 116 Cabbage, 1217, 1484, 1686 colorectal cancer, 355
false-positive results, 116 CAC. See Citric acid cycle epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), 354
hydrogen versus methane, 115 Cachexia, 605–606 inadvertent elaboration of blood group antigens,
interpretation, 116 cancer and, 975 353–354
when to consider, 114b glutamine for, 637–638 oral malignancy, 355
urea, 231 melatonin for, 702–703 pancarcinoma-associated antigen, 353
Breathing CACT. See Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase pancreatic cancer, 354
chemical control of, 1006 CAD. See Coronary artery disease skin cancer, 354
muscles of, 1005 Cadmium, 1417, 1602 Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TFA), 353
neural regulation of, 1005–1006 exposure, 189 Agaricus blazei for, 688
physiological and pathophysiological causes of altered atherosclerosis and, 1135 apoptosis and mitosis balance/imbalance in, 109,
patterns of, 1000 CAF. See C-terminal agrin fragment 112f
voluntary control of, 1006 Caffeic acid phenethyl ester, 442 Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) for, 438–439
Breathing exercises, 1051–1052, 1112, 1234 Caffeine berries for, 744
Breathing pattern, normal, in hyperventilation syndrome/ affective disorders, 1068–1069 blood group antigen (BGA) expression in, 353t
breathing pattern disorders, 999–1000 gallstone treatment and, 1334 body defenses against, 119–120
Brief Michigan Alcohol Dependence Screening Test, glaucoma and, 1347 bromelain for, 459–460
1083t intake, 1043 cachexia related to, 637
British Medical Journal (BMJ), “Acupuncture Transmit- hepatitis C virus and, 1362 Cannabis for, 477
ted Infections”, 255 hypertension and, 1398 Capsicum frutescens (cayenne pepper) for, 487–488,
Broad-spectrum antibiotics, 734 male infertility and, 1462 487f
Bromelain, 458–464.e3, 464t, 1853 in pregnancy, 1720 cervical, 455–456
for aging, 459 for sports nutrition, 1043 coenzyme Q10 for, 531–532
anti-inflammatory action of, 462 stress management and, 1053 colorectal cancer, 353t
for bacterial sinusitis, 1188 melatonin with, 707 controlling, through apoptosis, 109–110
for cancer, 459–460 in PCOS, 1700 curcumin for, 747
for circulatory disorders, 460 Calcineurin inhibitors, for osteoporosis, 1641 dehydroepiandrosterone for, 564
clinical applications of, 459–463 Calciotropic single-nucleotide polymorphism, 1637 diet for, 972
for cosmetic and dermatological applications, 463 Calcium, 195–196 dietary patterns for, 972–975
description of, 458 absorption anti-inflammatory nutrients, 974
as digestive aid, 458–459 galactooligosaccharides and, 804 cachexia, 975
for digestive disorders, 460 lactulose and, 807 fasting, 974–975, 975f
dosage of, 463 boron and, 454 insulin resistance, 973–974
drug interactions of, 463 causes of deficiency, 182 obesity, 973, 973f
for dysmenorrhea, 460–461 excretion of, 1520t exercise for, 291, 975–976
for immune disorders, 461 for female infertility, 1448 fasting and, 296–297
for infections, 461 hair mineral analysis for, 151 fish oils for, 604–606
for inflammatory diseases and conditions, 461–462 hypertension and, 1396 hydrotherapy guidelines for, 322
for pelvic inflammatory disease, 1680–1681 for hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease, 1403 Kaposi sarcoma, 881, 1385–1386
for pneumonia and bronchitis, 1200 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1481 leukemia, 881
for respiratory tract conditions, 462 kidney stone formation and, 1524–1525 lifestyle factors in, 971–976.e2
for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1775 for osteoporosis, 1647, 1648f–1649f lung, 740
side effects and contraindications of, 463 in pregnancy, 1730 antioxidants for, 749–750
for skin debridement/burn wounds, 463 for premenstrual syndrome, 1744 melatonin for, 702–703
supplements, 458 Calcium-d-glucarate, for endometriosis, 1292 nutrition for, 972
for surgery, 462 Calcium homeostasis, 735 of oral cavity, 355
for systemic enzyme therapy, 459 Calcium oxalate formation, 895 ovarian, 354
for varicose veins, 1852–1853 Calcium stones, 1527 polyunsaturated fatty acids and, 591
Bromine, 204–205 Caliciviruses, 369 prevention of, 447–449, 604–605
1-Bromopropane, 218t–219t Calor (heat), 164 Aloe vera (Cape aloe) in, 428
Bronchitis, 1196–1201.e1, 1196f–1197f Caloric restriction, multiple sclerosis and, 1595 quercetin for, 615
bottle blowing and salt pipes for, 1200–1201 Calorie expenditure, in exercise, 284 radiation therapy for, 637
diagnostic summary for, 1197 Calorie restriction, 1334, 1670 risk factors of, 467
expectorants for, 1198 Calprotectin, 231, 231t, 235b silymarin for, 746
mucolytics for, 1201 Camellia sinensis (green tea), 465–469.e1, 744–745, 1045, soy protein for, 743
supplements for, 1201 1129–1130, 1801 squamous cell carcinoma, 354
therapeutic considerations for, 1198–1200 for anticancer effects, 745 stress management of, 976
Brooklyn Light and Water-Cure Institute, 31 for atherosclerosis, 1138 tea flavonoids for, 745
Brown fat, 1612 for bone health, 469 vitamins for, 738, 941–942
BRT. See Bio-resonance therapy for cancer, 466–467 weight stabilization with, 605
Bruisability, 617 for cardiovascular and liver disease, 467–468, 468t Cancer Causes and Control, 365
Brush-border hydrolases, 347 catechins, 745 Cancer therapy, glandular therapy for, 305
Bryonia, for chronic kidney disease, 1516 chemical composition of, 465 Candida albicans (candidiasis), 154, 234, 237
BTD. See Blood Type Diet clinical application of, 466–469 Allium sativum (garlic) for, 415
BTMs. See Biochemical markers of bone turnover description of, 465, 466f, 466t atopic dermatitis (eczema) and, 1152
Buckwheat, 1333 dosage of, 469 candidiasis diagnosis
 INDEX I-9

Candida albicans (candidiasis) (Continued) Capillary fragility, 617, 828 Cardiovascular disease (Continued)
patient profile, 1231b Caprylic acid, 1224 saturated fatty acids and, 590
questionnaire for, 1854, 1855t, 1220 Capsicum annuum, antidiabetic effects of, 486f soy protein for, 743
chronic, 1220–1225.e1, 1221f Capsicum frutescens (cayenne and chili peppers/­ stroke, 600
causes, 1220 capsaicin), 484–490.e2 tea flavonoids for, 745
chronic fatigue syndrome and, 1231 antiinflammatory effects of, 554 thrombosis, 351, 941
cycle of, 1222f for asthma treatment, 1127–1128 trans fatty acids and, 591
diagnosis of, 1220–1221 for cancer, 487–488, 487f venous insufficiency, 617, 828
diet for, 1221–1222 for cardiovascular disease, 486–487 venous thromboembolism, 351, 1552
predisposing factors, 1221b chemical composition of, 484, 485f vertebrobasilar stroke, 335–336
therapeutic approach, 1225 common names of, 484 vitamins for, 738
triggers, 1223b description of, 484, 485f Cardiovascular effects
typical patient profile, 1221b dosage of, 490 of Allium cepa (onion), 412–413
etiology of, 1231b drug interactions of, 490 of Allium sativum (garlic), 416, 417f
in gastrointestinal tract, atopic dermatitis (eczema), for gastrointestinal disorders, 485 of Angelica species, 431
1152 history and folk use of, 484 of Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng), 764–765, 764f
HIV/AIDS treatment and, 1383 for metabolic syndrome, 486–487 Cardiovascular exercise, 285
urticaria (hives) and, 1829 oral preparations of, 485–488 Cardiovascular system
vaginal, 450 pharmacology of, 484 attitude and, 103
yeast syndrome, 1220 thermogenic aid of, 485–486 flavonoids, 743
Cannabichromene (CBC), 474 topical preparations of, 488–489 Ginkgo biloba, 625t
Cannabidiol (CBD), 474 toxicity of, 490 hypothyroidism, 1415
for seizures, 1305–1306 Capsular end-feel, 334 monounsaturated fats and, 590
toxicity of, 481 Capsular pattern end-feel, 334 polyunsaturated fatty acids and, 591
Cannabidiol oil, 1077 Carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein resveratrol, 746
Cannabidiolic acid (CBDA), 474 (ChREBP), 146 vasoregulatory effects of Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo tree),
Cannabidivarin (CBDV), 474 Carbohydrates 622t
Cannabigerol (CBG), 474 ASD and, 1177 vitamin K for, 937–941, 938t
Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS), 480 content, of select foods, 1865, 1865t CARET. See Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial
Cannabinoids, 470–483.e5, 1721 gout and, 1352 Carminative effects, of Mentha piperita (peppermint), 714
for epilepsy, 1304–1306 hypoglycemia and, 1411 Carnegie Foundations, 30
for multiple sclerosis, 1597 metabolism of, 1522 Carnitine, 990–991, 991f
Cannabis (marijuana), 470–483.e5, 471f nondigestible, 229 for chronic kidney disease, 1515
chemical composition of, 473–474 osteoporosis and, 1639 for PCOS, 1703
clinical applications of, 475–478 reducing intake, 1334 synthesis of, 991f
addiction, 478 stress management and, 1053 Carnitine palmitoyltransferase I (CPT1), 587
Alzheimer’s disease, 478 type 2 diabetes and, 1268 Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT2), 587
anxiety, 478 yeast problem with, 1177 Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase (CACT), 587
appetite stimulation, 475–476 Carbon dioxide-oxygen balancing act, 1000 Carnitine/L-carnitine, 491–500.e4, 492f
cancer, 477 Carcinogen, metabolism of, 735 for age-related memory defect, 496–497
dementia, 478 Carcinogenesis, inhibition of, by Eleutherococcus senti- for AIDS, 499
depression, 478 cosus, 576 for alcohol detoxification/treatment, 1086
glaucoma, 477–478 Carcinogens, chemical, 119–120, 119t for Alzheimer’s disease, 496–497
nausea, 475–476 Cardiac failure, Coleus forskohlii for, 539 for androgenetic alopecia, 499
neurological disorders, 476–477 Cardiac palpitations, Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for angina, 1110
pain, 477 for, 711 and recovery from myocardial infarction, 494
posttraumatic stress disorder, 478 Cardiometabolic disease, 486–487 for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 499
sleep disorders, 478 effects of capsaicin on, 487f biosynthesis of, 491, 492f
vomiting, 475–476 Cardiomyopathy, coenzyme Q10 for, 529–530 for cancer-related fatigue, 495–496
dependence, 481 Cardioprotection, mechanisms of omega-3 fatty acids for cardiovascular disease, 493–494
dosage of, 478–479, 479t in, 599f for celiac disease, 496
drug interactions of, 483 Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), 530–531 for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1233
female infertility and, 1442 Cardiotonic agents, 967 for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 499
historical use of, 471–473, 472f Cardiovascular disease, 938t, 939–941 clinical applications of, 493–500
male infertility and, 1462–1463 ABO blood groups and, 351–352 for conditions benefiting from, 494b
pharmacology of, 474–475 acute coronary syndrome, 601–602 for congestive heart failure, 494–495, 1238
in pregnancy, 1721 alpha-lipoic acid for, 741 deficiency states of, 492–493, 493b
primary compounds of, 475t atrial fibrillation, 600–601 for depression, 497
regulatory framework of, 471f berries for, 744 description of, 491
safety of, 479–482 bypass patients, 600 for diabetes, 497–498
adverse effects, 479, 481 calcification in cardiovascular system, 937 dosage of, 500
amotivational syndrome, 481 Camellia sinensis (Green tea) for, 467–468, 468t for Down syndrome, 497
cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome, 480 Capsicum frutescens (cayenne pepper) for, drug interactions of, 500
Cannabis dependence, 481 486–487 for female infertility, 1443
child protection, 482 carotenoids for, 740 for hepatitis viruses, 1363
edibles, 480 cerebral vascular insufficiency, 624t for HIV/AIDS, 1384b, 1390
effects on driving, 480 cocoa for, 744 for hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease, 1403
excessive chronic high-dosage use, 479–480 coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) for, 529, 740 for inborn errors of amino acid metabolism, 499
pediatric intoxication, 480 dehydroepiandrosterone for, 564 in infant diet, 493
respiratory effects, 480 elevated serum lipids, 598–599 for kidney disease and hemodialysis, 497
risk of psychosis and schizophrenia, 482 fasting and, 296 for liver disease, 498
toxicity of cannabidiol, 481 with HIV/AIDS, 1384–1385 for low sperm counts and decreased sperm motility,
traditional cautions, 479 hydrotherapy guidelines for, 322 498–499
treatment of intoxication, 480–481 hypertension, 599–600 for male infertility, 1468–1469, 1472
typical use, 479 mechanism of, 598, 599f metabolism of, 492
use in pregnancy and childhood development, myocardial infarction, 97, 494, 601–602, 963–964 for muscular dystrophies, 498
481–482 nutrigenetics for, 144–147 for neuropathy, 498
toxicity of, 482 pancreatic enzymes for, 774 as nutrient, 493
use pathological process of ABO blood groups and, for performance enhancement and relieving fatigue,
in Ayurveda, 473 351–352 495
in traditional Chinese medicine, 473 peripheral arterial insufficiency, 626 for peripheral vascular disease, 495
in traditional healing systems, 472–473 peripheral artery disease, 351 pharmacokinetics of, 492, 492f
in Western medical traditions, 473 prevention of, 449 physiological functions of, 492
Cannon, Walter B., 51 quercetin for, 746 for protection against drug toxicity, 499
Cape aloe. See Aloe vera Raynaud’s disease, 627 role of, 492f
I-10 INDEX

Carnitine/L-carnitine (Continued)
for senile depression, 496–497
for thyroid disease, 496
toxicology of, 500
for ulcerative colitis, 496
Carob powder, 1430
Carotene and Retinol Efficacy Trial (CARET), 447–448
Carotenes/carotenoids
as antioxidant, 740
antioxidant activity of, 445, 447t
beta-carotene. See Beta-carotene
for cancer prevention, 447–449
for cardiovascular disease prevention, 449
as cell response modifiers, 740
clinical applications of, 447–450
commercial forms of, 446–447
dietary sources of, 443–444
distribution in human tissue of, 445t
dosage of, 450
drug interactions with, 450
for immune enhancement, 449–450
immune support by, 1013
introduction to, 443, 443f
lycopene, 1529
metabolism of, 444–445
non-provitamin A carotenoids, 444t
for photosensitivity disorders, 450
physiological roles and pharmacological activity of,
445–446
in pregnancy, 1730–1731
provitamin A carotenoids, 444t
toxicity, 450
toxicology of, 950
for vaginal candidiasis, 450
Carotid Plaque Composition Study, 1141
Carpal tunnel, anatomy of, 1202, 1202f
Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), 1202–1205.e1
acupuncture for, 1204
diagnostic summary for, 1202
diet for, 1205
differential diagnosis, 1203
ergonomics for, 1204
etiology of, 1202
history, 1203
hydrotherapy for, 1204
low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for, 1204
manual manipulation for, 1204
medications for, 1204
for mild/moderate, 1204–1205
physical examination, 1203
physical medicine for, 1203–1205
risk factors and frequency of, 1203
splinting for, 1203
surgery for, 1204
tests for, 1203
therapeutic approach for, 1204–1205
therapeutic considerations for, 1203–1204
therapeutic ultrasound for, 1203
yoga and stretching for, 1203
Carroll, Otis G., 317
Carroll, Robert V., 54–55, 67
Carroll testing, 138–139
Carson, Rachel, Silent Spring, 12
Carver, Willard, 65
Cassedy, J. H., 44
Castor bean extract (Ricinus communis), 355
Castor oil packs, 1837
Catalase, 1810
Cataract surgery, melatonin in, 706
Cataracts
diabetes-related, 1283–1284
senile, 1807–1813.e1
antioxidants for, 1808–1810
botanical medicines for, 1812
diagnosis, 1807
formation of, 1808, 1811
general considerations, 1807, 1808f
nutritional factors, 1810–1811
therapeutic approach, 1812–1813
therapeutic considerations, 1807–1812, 1808f–1809f
Vaccinium myrtillus for, 900
vitamin C for, 738
Catechol O-methyltransferase (COMT), 1078
Catecholamine metabolism, 241f
Catecholamines, 93
Caterpillar fungus, 682–683 Centella asiatica (Gotu kola) (Continued)
Catheterization, 892 pharmacology of, 502–503, 502b
Caulophyllum thalictroides (blue cohosh), 266 for scleroderma, 504
Cauterization, 404–405 toxicology of, 505
Caveman (caveperson) diet, 380t for venous and microcirculatory disorders, 504–505
Cayenne and chili peppers/capsaicin. See Capsicum for wound healing, 505
frutescens Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Cayleff, Susan, 52–53 foodborne illnesses, 369
CBC. See Cannabichromene Gene-Environment Interaction Fact Sheet, 143
CBD. See Cannabidiol mold exposure assessment and, 209
CBDA. See Cannabidiolic acid Central nervous system (CNS), 98
CBDV. See Cannabidivarin effects, of Lobelia inflata (Indian tobacco), 678
CBG. See Cannabigerol Cereals, ASD and, 1178
CCAOM. See Council of Colleges of Acupuncture and Cerebellar ataxia, coenzyme Q10 deficiency and, 527
Oriental Medicine Cerebral hypoinsulinemia, amyloid accumulation and,
CD. See Celiac disease; Crohn’s disease 1091
CDAD. See Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea Cerebral ischemia, citicoline (CDP-choline) for, 520–521
CDP-choline. See Citicoline Cerebral vascular insufficiency, Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo
CDSA. See Comprehensive stool and digestive analysis tree) for, 623–624
Celiac disease (CD), 1206–1212.e1 Cernilton, for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1194
alterations in gut permeability, 174 Certificate of analysis (COA), 722
associated conditions, 1209–1210, 1210f Certification, supplier, compliance guide and
chemistry of grain proteins, 1206, 1207f ­questionnaire in, 1882, 1883t
clinical aspects of, 1209–1210, 1209f Ceruloplasmin, as antioxidant, 737
diagnosis, 1210 Cervical cancer, boron for, 455–456
diagnostic summary for, 1206 Cervical compression, 336
diet for, 1211 Cervical distraction assessment, 336
hair loss due to, 1357, 1357b Cervical dysplasia, 1213–1219.e2
pancreatic enzymes for, 1211 atypical cells of undetermined significance, 1219
pathogenesis of, 1208–1209 botanical medicines for, 1219
patient response to, treatment for, 1211 description of, 1213
psoriasis and, 1758–1759 diagnostic summary of, 1213
resources for patients, 1212 diet for, 1215–1216, 1219
small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) with, 113 escharotic treatment for, 1218
supplements for, 1211 general considerations of, 1213–1214
taxonomy of grains, 1207f green tea for, 1218
therapeutic approach for, 1211–1212 high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 1219
therapeutic considerations for, 1211 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions, 1219
zonulin and, 1207–1208, 1208f, 1208t naturopathic protocol for, 1218
Cell cycle clock, 118 nutritional supplements for, 1216–1219
Cell cycles, 118–119, 118f–119f, 119t risk factors of, 1214t
Cell differentiation, 925–926 histological considerations, 1214
Cell markers, 351 sexual transmission, 1215
Cell-mediated immune dysfunction, xenobiotic pollut- tobacco smoke, 1215
ants and, 272–273 therapeutic considerations/approaches for,
Cell-mediated immunity, vitamin E for, 739 1215–1218
Cell membrane disturbances, 622t, 623f vaginal depletion pack (vag pack) for, 1886, 1218
Cell proliferation, 119, 762 zinc for, 1217
Cell response modifiers Cervical escharotic treatment, 1856
alpha-lipoic acid for, 741 Cervical root tension, 336
carotenoids for, 740 Cervical rotation, 336
vitamin C for, 738 CETP. See Cholesteryl ester transfer protein
vitamin E for, 740 CFS. See Chronic fatigue syndrome
Cell separation, 108f CGMPs. See Current Good Manufacturing Practices
Cell signaling analysis, 118–120.e1 Chaga (Inonotus obliquus, Kabanoanatake), 684
about, 118 Chain elongation, of fatty acids, 590
cell cycle, 118–119 Chamaelirium luteum (helonia, false unicorn root)
clinical application, 119–120 clinical applications, female infertility, 1450
flow cytometry, 119 Chamerion angustifolium inflorescence, 582f
Cell-signaling proteins, 925–926 Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla), for fibrocystic
Cell-size variability testing (ALCAT), 139 breast disease (FBD), 1317
Cellular energy pathways, 240f Chapman’s reflex points, 383
Cellular immunity, 157t Chaste tree (Vitex agnus castus), for menorrhagia, 1573
Cellular interventions, 7 CHD. See Coronary heart disease
Cellular signaling, 287 Cheatham, Guy, 63–64
Cellular transformation, endometriosis and, 1288 Cheilosis, 223, 224t
Cellulite, 503 Chelation
Centella asiatica (Gotu kola), 501–505.e2, 1852–1853 for ASD, 1175
for anxiety, 504 therapy, 1112
for burns, 503 Chemical apoptosis, 109–110
for cellulite and striae gravidarum, 503 Chemical irritants, cystitis and, 1250
chemical composition of, 501–502, 502f Chemical sensitivity, xenobiotic pollutants and, 274
for cirrhosis of liver, 503 Chemopreventers, 365
clinical applications of, 503–505, 503t Chemoprevention
common names of, 501 grape seed extract for, 745
description of, 501, 501f quercetin for, 746
dosage of, 505 resveratrol for, 747
drug interactions of, 505 Chemotherapy
history and folk use of, 502 fasting and, 296–297
for keloids, 503–504 mouth pain from, 488
for kidney disease, 504 side effects of, 637
for leprosy, 504 Taxus brevifolia for, 879
for mental function and quality of life, 504 Chemotherapy-induced diarrhea, probiotics and, 816
for nonbacterial cystitis, 1258 Cherries, for gout, 1353–1354
for periodontal disease, 1693 CHF. See Congestive heart failure
 INDEX I-11

Child protection, Cannabis and, 482 Chondroitin sulfates, 991, 1626 Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh) (Continued)
Childbirth. See Labor/childbirth ChREBP. See Carbohydrate-responsive element-binding for menopause, 512–513, 512t, 1561–1562
Childhood development, Cannabis and, 481–482 protein pharmacology of, 510–511
Children Christian Science, 31 toxicology of, 513–514
chronic headaches in, 666 Chromium, 205, 1076 Cimigenol, 511f
constipation in, 1244 for glaucoma, 1347 Cina, 315
elimination diet procedure for, 380 hair mineral analysis for, 151 Cinchona officinalis (Peruvian bark), 307–308
fasting for, 299 for PCOS, 1701 Cinnamomum spp. (cinnamon), for PCOS, 1704
giardiasis in, 1495 Chromium supplementation Cinnamomum verum, 1755
headaches in, 666 for acne vulgaris/acne conglobata, 1058 Cinnamon essential oil (Cinnamomum zeylanicum),
ideal water intake, 960 for diabetes management, 1277–1278 1859, 1860f
infectious diarrhea in, 1425 for hypoglycemia, 1412 Circadian rhythms, 119
with inflammatory bowel disease, 1486 for obesity, 1618–1619, 1619t Circulation, 318–319
melatonin for Chronic Candida vaginitis, treatment for, 1849 Circulatory disorders, bromelain for, 460
atopic dermatitis in, 706 Chronic Diseases (Hahnemann), 309–310 Cirrhosis, 195, 503, 654, 854
chronic sleep onset and insomnia in, 699 Chronic fatigue, Unani medicine in, 406 of liver, Centella asiatica (gotu kola) for, 503
epilepsy in, 700 Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), 1226–1235.e2 Citicoline (CDP-choline), 515–525.e3
insomnia and attention deficit hyperactivity disor- apoptotic cell population in, 110f for Alzheimer’s disease and dementia, 518–519
der in, 700–701 botanical medicines for, 1234 for amblyopia, 522
pesticide exposure, 366 breathing, posture, bodywork for, 1234 for appetite control and satiety, 524
Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs), 506 causes of, 1227, 1228b for attention, 518
adulterants, endangered species, and standards of, counseling for, 1235 bioavailability/pharmacokinetics of, 516
508–509 definition of, 1226 chemical structure of, 515f
dispensary guide for, 509 and criteria, 1227b choline versus, 515–516
dosages of, 508b description of, 1226–1228 clinical applications of, 517–522
formulations and preparations for, 507–508 diagnosis of, 1226, 1228–1229 dosage of, 525
global market for, 507 cell signaling analysis, 119–120 drug interactions of, 525
Chinese medicine frequency of symptom, 1227t for eye health and visual function, 522–525
for hepatitis viruses, 1365–1366 immunologic abnormalities for, 1228b for glaucoma, 522–523
herbal preparations in, 1304 diet for, 1232 for infectious diseases, 524–525
Unani medicine compared to, 392t–393t energy needs for, 1232 for ischemic optic neuropathy, 523
for urticaria (hives), 1830, 1833 etiology of, 1227, 1228b for learning and memory, 517–518
Chinese prepared medicines (CPMs), 506–509.e1 immune system abnormalities, 1227 mechanism of action of, 516–517
adulterants, endangered species, and standards of, infectious agents, 1227, 1228f for mental health, 524
508–509 exercise for, 1234 for metabolic diseases, 525
dispensary guide for, 509 melatonin for, 700 metabolic pathways of, 516f
dosages of, 508b nutritional supplements for, 1233–1234 for Parkinson’s disease, 519–520
formulations and preparations for, 507–508 peripheral blood lymphocytes in, 119–120 for stroke and cerebral ischemia, 520–521
global market for, 507 Reishi for, 682 for substance abuse, 523–524
overview of, 506 small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) with, 113 toxicology of, 525
Chiropractic, for overactive bladder, 1544 therapeutic considerations/approaches of, 1229–1234 for traumatic head injuries, 521–522
Chiropractic Journal, 54 of underlying health problems, 1229–1232 Citral, 710f
Chiropractic therapy Chronic illness Citramalic acid, 239
history of, 43 conventional medicine’s view of, 86 Citrate, 1525
Los Angeles College of Chiropractic, 43 as failure of healing attempt, 83–84 Citric acid cycle (CAC), 239–241
Palmer’s principles of, 35 in naturopathic model, 21 Citrus bioflavonoids
traditional, 39–40 adaptive response and, 18b chemical descriptions of, 614
Chitosan, 1224 role of environment in, 17b commercial forms of, 618
Chlamydia trachomatis, causing pelvic inflammatory subclinical inflammation and, 19b pharmacology of, 615
disease, 1676 Chronic kidney disease CKDu. See Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology
Chlorella, in chemically induced illnesses, 279–280 classifications and, 1510–1512 CKK. See Cholecystokinin
Chloride, 196 Cordyceps for, 683 Class I solvents, 728, 729t
Chloride sweat testing, 196 diagnosis of, 1512–1513 Class II solvents, 728
Chlorinated pesticides, 275 nutritional considerations in, 1514–1517 Class III solvents, 728
in infertility, 277 nutritional therapies for, 1514–1515 Class IV solvents, 729
Chloroalkenes, 1602 stages of, 1513 Claudication, intermittent, 1410
Chlorophyll, 1572, 1845 Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu), Clinical imbalances, in functional medicine model, 4–5
in chemically induced illnesses, 279–280 219 Clinical pastoral education (CPE), 389
CHMs. See Chinese herbal medicines Chronic low-grade inflammation Clonazepam, 1254
Cholecystitis, 654 in PCOS, 1695–1696 Clostridia species, glyphosate and, 219
Cholecystokinin (CKK), 1612 sarcopenia, 1784 Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD), probi-
Cholelithiasis, Mentha piperita (peppermint) for, 714–715 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), 17b otics and, 815
Choleretic effects, of Mentha piperita (peppermint), 714 insomnia and, melatonin for, 699 Clostridium perfringens, Turmeric and, 555
Choleretics, 1335 Chronic posttraumatic headache, fasting and, 296 Clostridium species, C. difficile, 231–232, 1423, 1430
Choleric temperament, 398t Chronic renal failure, Urtica dioca for, 886 Clotrimazole, 1383
Cholestasis, 1230b, 1741, 1741b Chronic sleep onset, and insomnia, in children, mela- Clotting, 941
Cholesterol, 350 tonin for, 699 Clove essential oil (Eugenia caryophyllata), 1860,
for ASD, 1182–1183 Chronic toxic encephalopathy (CTE), 275–276 1860f
for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1193 Chronic venous insufficiency, 837–839, 838t Cluster headache, 489
blood levels of, elevated, 1133–1135 CHS. See Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome melatonin for, 704–705
inherited elevations of, 1134–1135 Chuan Xin Lian, 509 CNS. See Central nervous system
lowering activity, Allium sativum (garlic) for, 418–419, Chymotrypsin, 771b COA. See Certificate of analysis
419t Cicatrizants, 549 Cobalamin metabolism, 989f
lowering agents Cigarette smoke, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t Cobalt, 1122
for diabetes management, 1283 Cimetidine, 1254 Cochlear deafness, 626
Silybum marianum (milk thistle), 854–855 Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh), 510–514.e1, 511f Cocoa, 744, 1720
Zingiber officinale (ginger), 967 chemical composition of, 510 Codex Ebers, 414
profile, in fertility assessment, 1459t cimigenol, 511f Coenzyme A, 991
risk factors for gallstones, 1330–1332 formononetin, 511f Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone), 526–536.e3, 240, 527f, 991,
Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP), 146 clinical applications of, 512–513 992f, 1234, 1673
Cholestyramine (CSM), 1032 common names of, 510 absorption and pharmacokinetics of, 528
Choline, 517, 1303, 1318, 1731–1732, 1732t description of, 510, 511f for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, 534
chemical structure of, 515f dosage of, 513 for angina, 1110
citicoline versus, 515–516 drug interactions of, 514 as antioxidant, 529, 740
Cholinergic (heat) urticaria, 1823–1824 history and folk use of, 510 for cancer, 531–532
I-12 INDEX

Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) (Continued) Collinsonia canadensis (stone root), 1755 COMT. See Catechol O-methyltransferase
for cardiac surgery protection, 530–531 Colon cancer Concentration, of sperm, 1455t–1457t
for cardiomyopathy, 529–530 development and progression of, 973 Conditioned response, 98
for cardiovascular disease, 529 prevention, lactulose and, 806 Condylomata acuminata, 1753
for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1233 probiotics and, 818 Condylomata lata (anogenital warts), 1753
clinical applications, 529–535 Colon hydrotherapy, 327–329 Congestive heart failure (CHF), 1236–1242.e1, 494–495
commercial forms and dosage, 528–529 additives for implantation in, 328 botanical medicines for, 1239–1240
for congestive heart failure, 530, 531f, 1238–1239 contraindications for, 327–328 coenzyme Q10 for, 530, 531f
deficiency of, 527–528 effects of, 327 Crataegus oxyacantha for, 546–547
for diabetes mellitus, 532 indications for, 327 diagnosis of, 1236
drug interactions, 535–536, 535f practical procedural techniques for, 328 diagnostic considerations of, 1236
for epilepsy, 1303 treatment analysis and expectations in, 328–329 diet and supplements for, 1236–1239
for female infertility, 1444–1445 Colonic foods, 807–808, 808t general considerations of, 1236, 1237f
for Friedreich’s ataxia, 533 defined, 807–808 precipitating or exacerbating factors, 1237b
glycosylated hemoglobin with, 532f drug interactions, 808 stages of, 1238t
for HIV/AIDS, 1385b Colonic irrigation, in Crinnion Depuration Protocol, 280 therapeutic considerations/approaches of, 1236–1240,
for hypertension, 531, 1397 Colonoscopy, Mentha piperita (peppermint) in, 715 1241f
for immune function, 534 Color vision, 225. See also Rapid dark adaptation test botanical medicines, 1240
for male infertility, 532–533, 1469, 1472 Colorectal cancer, 355, 1551 diet, 1240
for migraine headaches, 1582, 1586 melatonin for, 702 exercise, 1240, 1242f
mortality with, plot of, 531f Colposcopy, 1218–1219 nutritional supplements, 1240
for muscular dystrophy, 533–534 Combination therapies sauna, 1240
for Parkinson’s disease, 533, 1671 antioxidant/botanical therapy, 1365 Conization, 1219
for performance enhancement, 532 balneology with other therapies, 372 Conjunctivitis, acute, 1346t
for periodontal disease, 1692 Berkson combination antioxidant approach, 1367 Connective tissue, 502b
plasma levels by dosage, 528t for cataracts, 1808 Consciousness, 95b, 100
side effects and safety, 535 enzyme combinations, 772b Consortium of Naturopathic Medical Colleges, 14
for topical antiaging, 535 full bath and peat pack, 378 Constipation, 1243–1249.e1
for toxicant exposure, 534, 534f for gallstone treatment, 1335 botanical medicines for, 1249
Cofactor therapy, 1490–1491 Hachimijiogan formula, 1812 botanicals for, 1248
Coffee intake, reducing intake, for gallstone treatment, herbal preparations in, for epilepsy, 1304 categories of, 1243–1244
1334 hydrotherapy and other therapies, 372 in children, 1244
Cognition 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and l-tyrosine, 663 diagnostic considerations of, 1246, 1247f
polyunsaturated fatty acids and, 591 Sho-saiko-to, 1365–1366 diagnostic summary of, 1243
trans fatty acids and, 591 Sinupret, 1663 diet for, 1249
Cognitive behavioral therapy, 105, 342, 1070 Turska’s formula, 1294 dietary factors of, 1246
for pain management, 342 vitamin K1 or 2 with anticoagulant, 941 etiology of, 1243–1244, 1244f–1245f, 1245t
Cognitive-behavioral therapy, 1232 vitamin K2 and bisphosphonates, 935 exercise for, 1246–1247
Cognitive decline vitamins K and D, 936 fiber for, 1246
prevention of, 449 Comfrey (Symphytum officinale), 1484 general considerations of, 1243–1246
saturated fatty acids and, 590 Commiphora mukul (mukul myrrh tree), 541–543.e1, Inner Hygiene: Constipation and the Pursuit of Health
Cognitive function, 102, 760–761, 866, 1274, 1555 542f in Modern Society (Whorton), 38
pyrroloquinoline quinone and, 834–835 anti-cancer effects, 542 lactulose and, 806
Cognitive impairment, Witch’s butter for, 689 anti-inflammatory effects, 542 laxatives for, 1248–1249, 1249t, 1249b
Cognitive mediators of illness, 6b chemical composition, 541, 542f magnesium for, 1248
Cognitive-motor function, 963 description, 541 microbial therapy for, 1248
Cognitive strategies, pain management, 341 dosage, 542 microbiota, 1244–1246
Cohen, Wilbur, 44 drug interactions, 543 nutritional factors of, 1248
Colbatch, John, 906 gum guggul, 541–542 nutritional supplements for, 1249
Colchicum autumnale (autumn crocus/meadow saffron), history and folk use, 541 prebiotics for, 1248
1351 lipid disorders, 541–542 probiotics for, 816, 1248
Cold and contrast baths, 325, 325f pharmacology of, 541–542 therapeutic considerations of, 1246–1249
Cold friction rubs, 326 toxicology, 542 Tilden on, 37
Cold temperature Common cold, 442 toxins, 1246
in circulation of blood, 319 Ephedra species for, 579 treatment of, 804
principles of, 318 Mentha piperita (peppermint) for, 715 vitamin C for, 1248
Cold urticaria, 1824 Communication with patients Constitutional homeopathy, in Crinnion Depuration
Cold water immersion, 1048 explanatory style, 102 Protocol, 280–281
Coleus forskohlii (forskolin), 537–540.e1 guidelines for improving, 1052b Constitutional hydrotherapy, 22, 326
for asthma, 538 imbalances in, 4 in Crinnion Depuration Protocol, 280
for asthma treatment, 1128 listening, 96 Consumer benefits, FDA on, 723–724
for cancer, 539 subliminal, 88 Contaminant testing, 725–726
cardiovascular effects, 539 Complement cascade, 157 Contaminated food, 369
chemical composition, 537, 538f Complement proteins, 161 Contemporary medicine, 9
clinical applications, 538–539 Complete blood count Contraception
for depression, 539 for ASD, 1182 Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 428
description, 537 in fasting, 298 intrauterine devices, 1681
dosage, 540 Complete Bonesetter, The, 331 oral contraceptives, 151, 1215, 1680–1681
drug interactions, 540 Complex disease, causes of, autism and, 1168–1169 yew berries, 880
for epilepsy, 1304 Compounded Fraxinus/Ceonothus, for uterine fibroids, Conventional drugs, for attention deficit hyperactivity
for glaucoma, 539, 1347–1348 1837 disorder, 1158
history and folk use, 537 Compounding pharmacy approach, phage therapy and, Conventional medications, for menopause, 1564–1565
for hypothyroidism, 539 777 Conventional medicine, 49, 84
for immune system enhancement, 539 Comprehensive metabolic panel, for ASD, 1182 assessment in, 6
for inflammatory conditions, 538 Comprehensive stool and digestive analysis (CDSA), chronic disease in, 86
for malabsorption and digestive disorders, 539 1220–1221 healing relationship in, 9
pharmacology, 537–538 Comprehensive testing, 726–727 placebo use in, 87–88
toxicology, 540 Compresses, 323–326 Convulsive seizures, 1296, 1297b
for weight loss programs, 539 alternating hot and cold, 324 Cook, Gray, 283
Coliphagine, 783 cold compresses and packs, 323, 323t COPD. See Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Collagen matrix of periodontal membrane, 1691 hot compresses and fomentations, 323, 324t Copper, 199
Collagen matrix support, 615 warming, 323–324 as antioxidant, 736
Collateral circulation, 318 Compression assessment, 336 boron and, 454
Collins, F. W., 41 Computed tomography (CT), 6, 1092 for cervical dysplasia, 1217
Collins, Leroy, 77–78 for sarcopenia, 1791 hair mineral analysis for, 151
 INDEX I-13

Copper (Continued) Crohn’s disease (CD) (Continued) Cures/curative treatment

for HIV/AIDS, 1384b etiology, 1474–1475 anecdotal and unverified, 45
for osteoarthritis, 1628, 1631 features of, 1474 curing versus healing, 95
for periodontal disease, 1692 glutamine for, 639 in naturopathic medicine, 83b
for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1774 natural history of, 1475–1476 obstacles in, 315
supplementation, for osteoporosis, 1650 probiotics for, 817, 1486t obstacles to curing, 95
Copper:zinc ratio, 195, 1217 propolis for, 442 program of naturopathic cure, 34–35
Coptis chinensis (goldthread), 1224 Crook, William, 1220 Current Good Manufacturing Practices (CGMPs), 723
chemical composition of, 650 Crop desiccation, 219 certified programs, 729
description of, 649 Croton lechleri (dragon’s blood), 548–550.e1 final rule, 723
dosage of, 656 as analgesic, 549 Current symptoms, 1019t–1021t
extract, 728 analgesic effect, 548–549 Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) phosphodi-
history and folk use of, 650 antidiarrheal effect, 549 esterase, 853
for protozoan infections, 1495 antimicrobial effect, 549 Cyclic mastalgia, 956–958
Cordyceps (C. sinensis, C. militaris, Caterpillar fungus, antiproliferative and/or cytotoxic effect, 549 Cyclobenzaprine, 1254
dong chong xia cao), 682–683 antiviral effects, 549 Cyclooxygenase, 732
Core clinical imbalances, 3f, 4–5, 5f chemical composition, 548, 548f–549f Cyclooxygenase inhibitors, 1771
Coriolus versicolor, 683f, 1218 cicatrizant effect, 549 Cyclophosphamide, 1250
Cornea, trauma or infection to, 1346t clinical applications, 549–550 Cyclosporine, 1254
Coronary artery bypass surgery, 1147 description, 548 Cyclothymia, 1064
Coronary artery disease (CAD), 147 for diarrhea, 549–550 Cynara scolymus (artichoke), 1336
Coronary heart disease (CHD), 963–964, 1552–1553 dosage, 550 CYP1A, melatonin with, 707
antioxidants for, 749–750 drug interactions, 550 CYP2R1, 1078
Corticosteroid therapy for herpes simplex virus, 550 Cyriax, James, 332
long-term use of, 17b history and folk use, 548 Cysteamine, 991f
for rheumatoid arthritis, 1771–1772 pharmacology of, 548–549 Cysteine, 1813
Corticosteroids, 177 for stretch marks, 550 Cystic fibrosis, 942–943
vitamin K support for, 935 toxicology, 550 Cystine stone, 1520t, 1527
Cortisol, 1067 ulcer healing effect, 549 Cystitis/interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome,
impact on body systems of, 94 for wound-healing, 549 1250–1258.e2
Cosmic intellect (Mahad), 258 CRP. See C-reactive protein acidifying versus alkalinizing for, 1256
Cosmology, in Unani medicine, 395–396, 396f Cruciferous vegetables, 1871 acupuncture for, 1256
Coughing, 406 Crusaders for Fitness (Whorton), 28 alternative treatments of, 1254
Coulter, Harris, 81–82 Cryptogenic epilepsy, 1296 biofeedback for, 1254
Coumarins, 1642 CSM. See Cholestyramine botanical medicines for, 1256–1257, 1257t
Coumestans, 1838 CT. See Computed tomography chronic interstitial cystitis, 1253–1254, 1253f
Council of Colleges of Acupuncture and Oriental Medi- CTE. See Chronic toxic encephalopathy coexisting conditions and differential diagnosis of,
cine (CCAOM), 251 C-terminal agrin fragment (CAF), 1792 1252–1253
Counseling CTS. See Carpal tunnel syndrome diagnosis of, 1251–1252
for affective disorders, 1070 Cullen, William, 307–308 diagnostic summary of, 1250
for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1235 Culpepper, Nicholas, 267 herbal medicine for, 1254–1256
in Crinnion Depuration Protocol, 281 Cults, medical, 42 incidence of, 1250
Counterstimulus methods, 342–345 Cultural issues increasing urine flow for, 1253
Cowpox virus, 111 cultural mediators of illness, 6b nitrate reduction to nitrites, 1252b
CPB. See Cardiopulmonary bypass pain in childbirth, 341 nonbacterial, Centella asiatica, 1258
CPE. See Clinical pastoral education Curative responses, 310 nutrient supplementation for, 1256
CPMs. See Chinese prepared medicines Curcuma longa (turmeric/curcumin), 551–559.e2, 110, therapeutic considerations/approaches for,
Cranesbill (Geranium maculatum), 1484 1032–1033, 1077, 1099 1253–1257
Cranial manipulation, 1665 antiaging and neuroprotective effects, 555 urination after intercourse, 1257
Cranial shear test, 337 anticarcinogenic effects, 552–553 Cytokines, 164, 169, 169t
Crataegus oxyacantha (Hawthorn), 544–547.e1 antiinflammatory effects, 553–554 Arnold cytokine, 287
for atherosclerosis, 546 antimicrobial effects, 555 modulation of inflammatory, 925
cardiovascular effects of, 545 antineoplastic effects, 552 patterns with immunological events, 164t
chemical composition of, 544, 544f–545f antioxidant activity, 555–556 proinflammatory, 735
clinical applications, 546–547 antioxidant effects, 552 Cytotoxic agents, 549
collagen-stabilizing action of, 545 for atherosclerosis prevention, 555–556 Cytotoxic food allergy testing, 139
for congestive heart failure, 546–547 for cancer prevention and adjunct treatment, 556
description, 544 cardiovascular effects, 554 D
dosage, 547 for cataracts, 1811, 1812f
drug interactions, 547 chemical composition, 551, 551f D-arabinitol, 237–239
history and folk use of, 544 for chronic kidney disease, 1515 versus arabinose, 239
for hypertension, 546 clinical applications, 555–558 D9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (D9-THCA),
pharmacology of, 544–546 common names, 551 474
synergism with vitamin C, 545 description, 551, 551f D9-tetrahydrocannabivarin (D9-THCV), 474
toxicology of, 547 dosage, 558–559 D9-THCA. See D9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid
Crataegus species, 1111, 1113, 1398 drug interactions, 559 D9-THCV. See D9-tetrahydrocannabivarin
C. oxyacantha (hawthorn), 1239, 1693 for fibrocystic breast disease, 1317 Dairy, 1874
Crateva, for overactive bladder, 1541 formulations of, 558t Dairy foods
Crateva magna, for overactive bladder, 1541 for gallstone treatment, 1336 cataracts and, 1811
Crateva nurvala, for overactive bladder, 1541 gastrointestinal effects, 555 glycemic index for, 1411t
C-reactive protein (CRP), 161, 162f, 1771 for gastrointestinal inflammation, 558 lactose, 182
atherosclerosis and, 1135 hepatic effects, 554 in treatment of candidiasis, 1222
Creatine, 992, 992f, 1671, 1798 for high plasma fibrinogen levels, 554t vitamin K sources, 922t–923t
Creatine monohydrate, 1044–1045, 1044b history and folk use, 552 Dairy products
Creatine phosphate, 992f for HIV/AIDS, 1388b ASD and, 1177
Creatinine, 992f for inflammation, 556 yeast problem with, 1177
Criminal behavior, 1410 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1482, 1487 Damiana (Turnera diffusa), 1471–1472
Crinnion Depuration Protocol, 280–281 molecular targets of, 553f Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale), 876–878.e1, 1294
Crinum latifolium, 1837 for osteoarthritis, 556–557 Dandruff, 1804–1805
Crocus sativus (saffron), 1746 pharmacology of, 552–555, 552t Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) for, 695
Crohn’s disease (CD), 175 for premenstrual syndrome, 1746 Daniel, Price, 69
activity index of, 1486, 1857t for psoriasis, 1764 Dara Shukūh, 395
causative factors, 19b for rheumatoid arthritis, 557–558, 557f, 1774 Dark chocolate, for chronic kidney disease, 1516
description, 1473 toxicology, 559 Das grosse Kneipp-Buch (Kneipp), 31
diagnosis, 1473 Curcumin C3 Complex + Bioperine, 555, 558t DASH. See Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
I-14 INDEX

Data, 1017–1025.e1, 1017t Depression (Continued) Diabetes mellitus (DM) (Continued)

current symptoms, 1019t–1021t Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo tree) for, 627 immune system dysfunction, 1274
gathering, 1017–1022 Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, 661t–662t increased oxidative damage, 1275
magnesium deficiency symptoms by system, 1022t in HIV/AIDS patients, 1386 intracellular accumulation of sorbitol, 1275
magnesium development, 1024–1025 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) for, 660–663, nephropathy, 1274, 1284
bowel tolerance, 1025 661t–663t neuropathy, 1274, 1284
patient, 1024 Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) for, 673–674 nutrient deficiency, 1275
uptight, 1024 Lion’s Mane for, 686–687 poor glucose control, 1274–1275
magnesium status testing, 1024 melatonin for, 703–704 poor wound healing and foot ulcers, 1274, 1284
past symptoms, 1018t–1019t in Parkinson’s disease, 667t prevention of, 1286
Questionnaire interpretation, 1022–1025 premenstrual syndrome and, 1742, 1742b recommendations for treating, 1283–1285
NMI guidance example, 1022–1024 psoriasis and, 1759 description of, 1262
“uptight”, 1017–1021, 1021t S-adenosylmethionine for, 841–842 diagnosis of, 1262–1264
DBH. See Dopamine betahyrdroxylase senile, 496–497 glucose tolerance test criteria, 1264t
DDE. See Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene therapeutic considerations, 1080 laboratory testing, 1264
DDs. See Defecation disorders Unani medicine for, 406 diet and supplements for, 1275–1283, 1281t, 1285
De novo lipogenesis, 589 Valeriana officinalis for, 905 differences, 1263t
Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna), 308 DEPs. See Diesel exhaust particles exercise for, 1277
Death/mortality rates Depuration (cleansing), 280 fasting and, 297
alcohol dependence, 1083b Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), 1259–1261.e1, 1259f fish oils for, 606–607
leading causes in United States, 17b description of, 1259 grape seed extract for, 745
meat intake and, 362 diagnostic summary of, 1259 herbs for, 406, 407t
from obesity, 1606 diet for, 1261 hydrotherapy guidelines for, 322–323
pregnancy and premature births, 1714 food allergy control for, 1260 improving insulin function for, 1281
Deaths, during fasting, 299 gluten elimination for, 1260 major complications of, 1263b
Decoctions (Kwatha), 261–262 nutritional deficiencies and, 1261 management plan for, 1273t
Deep-fried foods, in PCOS, 1700 para-aminobenzoic acid for, 1260 natural glucosidase inhibitors for, 1280
Defecation, Kellogg’s view on, 37 pathogenesis of, 1260, 1260f Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng) for, 761–762
Defecation disorders (DDs), 1244 supplement for, 1261 prediabetes and metabolic syndrome, 1263
Deglucoruscin, 837f Dermographism, 1823 prevention of nutritional and oxidative stress, 1282
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), 560–565.e4 Desaturation, of fatty acids, 589–590 psychological support for, 1276–1277
for adrenal hypofunction/Addison’s disease, 561 Desmosomes, 169 reducing after-meal blood glucose elevations, 1280
for aging, 562 Destructive force (Shiva), 258 resveratrol for, 747
for Alzheimer’s disease, 562–563 Detoxification, 80 silymarin for, 746
biochemistry, 560–561, 561f bowel detoxification, 423 stress management for, 1276–1277
metabolism of, 562f fasting and, 297 tea flavonoids for, 745
for cancer, 564 markers of, 6 therapeutic considerations/approaches for, 1285–1286
for cardiovascular disease, 564 mechanisms, in endometriosis, 1291 treatment of, 417
clinical applications, 561–565 mercury protocols, 190 type 1
dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 560 for mold exposure, 213 alterations in gut permeability, 174
for depression, 562 of mycotoxins, 1032, 1033f blood glucose self-monitoring, 1271
description, 560 pathways, organic acids from, 243–244 diet therapy, 1276
dosage, 565 role of liver in, 23 dietary risk factors, 1264–1266
drug interactions, 565 for treatment of candidiasis, 1223–1224, 1223b enterovirus and, 1265
for erectile dysfunction, 563–564 xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes for, 1669 environmental risk factors, 1264–1266
for HIV/AIDS, 1384b, 1390 DeWolff, Herman J., 40 link to nitrates, 1265–1266
for hypothyroidism treatment, 1420 DGLA. See Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid nutritional supplements, 1285
immunology and, 561 D-glucarate, 243 omega-3 fatty acid deficiency, 1265
for inflammatory bowel disease, 565 DH. See Dermatitis herpetiformis risk factors, 1264–1266
for menopause, 563 DHA. See Docosahexaenoic acid treatment/possible reversal, 1266
for osteoporosis, 563 Dhatus (tissues), 257, 260 vitamin D deficiency and, 1265
for rheumatoid arthritis, 564 DHEA. See Dehydroepiandrosterone type 2, 18b
for sarcopenia, 1795–1796 DHLA. See Dihydrolipoic acid blood glucose self-monitoring, 1271–1272
for systemic lupus erythematosus, 564–565 DHPPA. See 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid C-peptide determination, 1272, 1272t
toxicity, 565 Diabetes mellitus (DM), 1262–1286.e5 diet, exercise, lifestyle factors, 1267–1269
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 1067 Agaricus blazei for, 688 diet therapy, 1276
Dehydrogenase, of fatty acids, 588–589 Allium cepa (onion) for, 413 genetics of, 1267
Delayed sleep phase syndrome, depression and, mela- Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 427–428 lifestyle management versus drugs to prevent, 1270
tonin for, 703 alpha-lipoic acid for, 741 nutritional supplements, 1285
Delta-6 desaturase deficiency, 1183 atherosclerosis and, 1135 procyanidolic oligomers (procyanidins) for,
Dementia, 518–519 berberine-containing plants for, 655–656 826–827
Ginkgo biloba extract for, 746 berries for, 744 risk factors, 1266–1270, 1267b
prevention of, 449 clinical monitoring of, 1270–1272 vitamins for, 738
saturated fatty acids and, 590 blood glucose self-monitoring, 1271, 1271b Urtica dioca for, 886
Demodex folliculorum, 1778 C-peptide determination, 1272, 1272t Witch’s butter for, 689
Demodicosis, Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) for, 695 physician monitoring, 1272 Diabetic neuropathy, 488–489
Dental bone support, vitamin K for, 937 urinary glucose, 1270 Diabetic retinopathy, 626, 828
Dentistry urinary ketone testing, 1270–1271 Diabetic toe ulcer, 784f
dental amalgams cocoa for, 744 Diagnostics/assessment
lichen planus and, 1531 coenzyme Q10 for, 532 Brief Michigan Alcohol Dependence Screening Test,
metal toxicity from, 192f complications of, 1272–1275, 1273b 1083t
examination of teeth, 223 acute, 1272–1274 of candidiasis, 1220–1221
Department of Health and Human Services, U.S., 1719 atherosclerosis, 1274 conventional, 6
Depleted microbiome, ASD and, 1171 cataracts and retinopathy, 1283–1284 food allergy testing methods, 135–139
Depletional hyponatremia, 199 chronic, 1274 functional medicine model for, 6, 7f, 10f
Depression depression and cognitive difficulties, 1274 heuristic, 7f
alcohol dependence and, 1087 diabetic ketoacidosis, 1273 immune system tests/assays, 157t, 158b
Cannabis for, 478 diabetic retinopathy, 1274 oral cavity abnormalities, 223
chronic fatigue syndrome with, 1229 elevated cholesterol, 1283 urine indican test, 248–249.e1
description, 1064 elevated homocysteine levels, 1275 Dialysis, for kidney disease, 1513–1514
diabetes-related, 1274 endothelial cell dysfunction, 1275 Diarrhea, 414
diagnosis, 1064 glycosylation of proteins, 1275 with HIV/AIDS, 1385
dysthymia, 1064 hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, 1273–1274 probiotics and, 815
effects on immune function of, 103 hypertension, 1275 with small intestine bacterial overgrowth, 114
fish oils for, 608 hypoglycemia, 1272–1273 Diazepam, 512t
 INDEX I-15

Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), 272 Dietary fiber (Continued) Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA), 130
2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 218t–219t, 220, laxation, 979 Dihydroartemisinin, 437
220f, 1668 neuroendocrine effects, 979–980 Dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), 1596–1597
Dientamoeba fragilis, 232 prebiotics, 979 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid (DHPPA), 237
Diesel exhaust particles (DEPs), 274 viscosity, 978 Diindolylmethane, 1217–1218
Diet-induced thermogenesis, 1612, 1613f water-holding capacity, 979 Dilute juice fast, 379–380
Diet/nutrition, 261, 1480, 1480t peptic ulcer disease and, 1685–1686 Dimercapto-propropane-1 sulfonate (DMPS), 190–191,
for affective disorders, 1071–1072, 1071t soluble/insoluble, 977 192t
amino acid therapy, 1072–1075 sources of, 978 Dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA or succimer), 191, 192t
food allergies/sensitivities, 1071 for treatment of candidiasis, 1223 Dimethylglycine, 1303
insufficient protein intake, 1071 type 2 diabetes and, 1268 Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), 1254
probiotics, 1071–1072 for weight loss, 1617–1618, 1618t Dincharya (time of day), 261
vitamin D, 1075 Dietary lectins Diosmin, micronized, 1756, 1852–1853
for Alzheimer’s disease, 1093–1094, 1099 and ABO blood groups, 355–358 Dioxins, 726, 1416, 1722
for anemia, 1107 actions of, 355–358, 357b Dipeptidyl peptidase IV, 718–719
for asthma, 1124–1127, 1129 blood group specific, 355 Diphenyl phosphate, 218t–219t
for atherosclerosis, 1136–1139, 1148, 1148t, 1148b effects of, 358t Diploid cells, 118
for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1192–1193, 1195 historical perspectives, 355 Direct antitumor activity, of Angelica species, 431
Blood Type Diet, 358–359 role of ABO blood groups, 358 Directory of drugless physicians, 36
for cancer, 972 thrombomodulin, 351 Disability, implication of, 2
carotenes/carotenoid sources, 444t Dietary patterns, for cancer, 972–975 Disaccharides, 1499
constitutional hydrotherapy, 22 anti-inflammatory nutrients, 974 Discopathy, 374
debates over optimal diet, 370 cachexia, 975 Disease Modifying Therapies (DMTs), 1591–1594,
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension, 1394, fasting, 974–975, 975f 1592t–1593t
1395t insulin resistance, 973–974 Disease/illness
diversified rotation diet, 380–381 obesity, 973, 973f disturbing factors as culprit in, 21–22
elemental diet, 1480 Dietary proteins, 154 in homeopathic model, 308
elimination diet, 379–380, 1480 allergies to, 138 illness as process, 16
garlic consumption, 419t digestion of, 1612 meaning of, 83–84
for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1339–1340, 1342 gout and, 1352 in naturopathic model, 16–17, 50
gluten and gliadin content of select foods, 1863t incomplete digestion of, 1760 origin in Ayurvedic medicine of, 261
glycemic index/load and carbohydrate content of low intake for Parkinson’s disease treatment, 1670 removal of causes of, 95–96
foods, 1411t during rotation diet, 381 reversing dysfunctions, 2
as health determinant, 19b whey protein, 1046–1047, 1362, 1367 role of lifestyle in, 17b
hepatitis viruses and, 1361–1362 Dietary reference intakes (DRIs), 596 in total load, 270
homocysteine levels and dietary intake, 985 Dietary Supplement Current Good Manufacturing Prac- Disodium cromoglycate, 175–177
inappropriate, 21 tices (DS CGMP), 722 Distillates (Arka), 261–262
Kellogg’s view on, 37 Dietary supplement (DS) manufacturer, 722 Dithiol metal-complexing agent, 191
kynurenine excretion and, 242 Dietary supplements (DSs), 722 Diuretic agents, 878
Mediterranean diet, 368, 1772–1773 pricing and quality, 729 Opuntia species (prickly pear), 753
mold-containing foods, 1222 residual chemical solvents in, 728–729 Diversified rotation diet
New Dietetics (Kellogg), 37 Dietary tests, ASD and, 1178–1179 concept of, 380
onion consumption, 419t Dietary therapies, in Unani medicine, 403 environmental allergies, 381
oral manifestations of nutritional status, 223–224.e1 Diethylphthalates, 218t–219t food preparation, 381
for overactive bladder, 1542–1543 Dieting/weight loss master charts, 381
personalized, 144, 144f appetite control and satiety, citicoline for, 524 modifications for vegans, 381
plant-based foods, 748 concerns for athletes, 1036–1037 patience with, 381
in pregnancy, 1716–1717 gout and, 1352 protein intake, 381
Rice Diet, 125 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) for, 663–665, 664t withdrawal symptoms and allergenic reactions, 381
role in chronic illness of, 17b male infertility and, 1463 Divided Legacy, The (Coulter), 81–82
Rotation Diet Master Chart and Plan, 1877t Taraxacum officinale, 878 D-lactate, 237
salt restriction, 125, 126t water intake and, 964 DM. See Diabetes mellitus
sarcopenia, 1786, 1797 Digestion/digestive tract, 21–22 D-Mannose, 1256
Swank/low-saturated-fat diet, 1594–1595 absorptive dysfunction, 229 DMPS. See Dimercapto-propropane-1 sulfonate
type 2 diabetes and, 1267–1269 biomarkers for digestion/absorption, 229–230 DMSA Suppository Loading Test, 1176
volumetric properties of foods, 979 digestive dysfunction, 229 DMSO. See Dimethylsulfoxide
working definition of, 15b digestive physiology, 228–229, 228f DMTs. See Disease Modifying Therapies
“Working Definition of Naturopathic Nutrition”, brain, 228 DNA
14–15 esophagus, 228 evolution of, 140
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), 1394, large intestine, 229 microarray, 165f
1395t liver and biliary system, 228 sperm DNA damage, 1455t–1457t
diet, for PCOS, 1699 mouth, 228 tagging/identifying, 107
Dietary choices, in total load, 270 pancreas, 228 Docetaxel, 879
Dietary fats, 368 small intestine, 228–229 Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 129–130, 1137
digestion of, 1612 stomach, 228 Docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), 129
gout and, 1352 hydrochloric acid secretion, 1222 Doctor as teacher (docere), 81b
intake, 127 microflora balance of gut, 232–233 Doctrine of signatures, 266
malabsorption of, 114 Digestive analysis, for candidiasis diagnosis, 1220–1221 Doctrine of the seven naturals, 397–400, 397f
Swank/low-saturated-fat diet, 1594–1595 Digestive disorders actions or functions, 400
type 2 diabetes and, 1268 bromelain for, 460 elements, qualities, properties, states, 397
vitamin K sources, 922t–923t microbial enzyme therapy for, 717 forces, energies, faculties, drives, or powers, 400
Dietary fiber, 977–980.e2, 1333 pancreatic enzymes for, 772 humors, 397–400
anthropological aspects of, 977 Digestive enzyme organs, 400
blood sugar stabilization, 1409f deficiencies in, microbial enzyme therapy for, 716 pneumata or spirits, 400
classification of, 977 supplements, for pancreatic insufficiency, 983–984 temperaments, 397, 398t
clinical applications of, 980 Digestive secretions, 169 Dolichos biflorens, 355
for diabetes management, 1280 Digestive support, 981–984.e1, 982f Dolor (pain), 164
dosage and administration of, 980 probiotic supplements, 984 Domestic mushroom. See Agaricus bisporus
drug interactions of, 980 therapeutic considerations of, 981–984 Dopamine, overproduction of, glyphosate and, 220
fibrocystic breast disease and, 1315 hypochlorhydria, 982–983, 982b–983b Dopamine betahyrdroxylase (DBH), 1078
health effects of, 978 pancreatic insufficiency, 983–984 D.O.’s, The (Gevitz), 31
history of awareness of, 977 Digestive tract. See Digestion/digestive tract Dosage
hypoglycemia and, 1412 Digit ratio, 350 adjustment, in thyroid hormone therapy, 1325
mechanisms of action of, 978–980 Digital screen, affective disorders, 1069 of Allium sativum (garlic), 419
fermentability, 979 Digitalis, 267 Dosha, 259, 259b
I-16 INDEX

Douching, 1681 Echinacea angustifolia (narrow leaf purple coneflower) Elemental diet, 1480
Down syndrome, 497 (Continued) Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian ginseng), 574–577.e1
“Downstream” dysfunctions, 4 polysaccharides, 567 adaptogenic activity, 575
Dowsing, 266 clinical applications, 570–572 in disease states, 576–577
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin), 531–532 commercial preparations, 572–573 in healthy individuals, 576
DPA. See Docosapentaenoic acid available preparations, 572–573 antiedema effects of, 575–576
Dragon’s blood. See Croton lechleri plant part to use, 572 carcinogenesis inhibition, 576
Dravet and Lennox-Gastaut syndromes, 476 solvent choice, 573 chemical composition, 574, 575f
Dried fruit (drupes), 848f species, 572 for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1234
yeast problem with, 1177 description, 566 clinical applications, 576–577
DRIs. See Dietary reference intakes dosage, 573, 573b compounds found in, 575t
Drug abuse drug interactions, 573 description, 574
citicoline (CDP-choline) for, 523–524 endocannabinoid system of, 570 dosage, 577
hair mineral analysis for, 150, 152 history and folk use, 568–569 drug interactions, 577
male infertility and, 1462–1463 for immune support, 1016 history and folk use, 574–575
urinalysis for, 152 immunostimulatory properties, 569 normalization action of, 576t
Drug factors, in Ayurvedic medicine, 261b for inflammatory bowel disease, 1484 pharmacology of, 575–576
Drugs pharmacology of, 569–570 radiation protection, 575
gallstones and, 1332 for snakebites, 572 stress control, 575
oxidative stress and, 733 taxonomy, 567t toxicology, 577
Dry-eye disorders, 917 tissue regeneration and anti-inflammatory properties, Elevated serum lipids, fish oils for, 598–599
Dry mouth (xerostomia), coenzyme Q10 and, 529 569 Elimination (oligoantigenic) diet, 379–380, 1480
DS CGMP. See Dietary Supplement Current Good Man- toxicology, 573 indications for, 380b
ufacturing Practices for upper respiratory tract infections, 570–571 procedure, 380
DSs. See Dietary supplements for wound healing, 571 variations of, 379–380
DST. See Dual-sugar test Echinacea species caveman (caveperson) plan, 380, 380t
Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), 1634 for bacterial sinusitis, 1188 dilute juice fast, 379–380, 380t
for sarcopenia, 1790–1791 for streptococcal pharyngitis, 1815 fruit and/or vegetable plan, 380, 380t
Dual-sugar test (DST), 170 E-cigarettes, 1721–1722 water fast, 379, 380t
limitations of, 171 Eclectic Medical College of the City of New York, 27, 31 ELISA. See Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
Duffy, John, 44 Eclectic movement, 267 EM. See Erythema multiforme
Duodenal ulcers, Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) for, Eclectic School of Medical Theory (Beach), 27 EMA. See Economically motivated adulteration
644 Eclectic school of medicine, 13, 27, 30 Embryo maturation, 453
Dust mites, exposure to, 1154 Economically motivated adulteration (EMA), 722, 728 Embryonic expression of ABH antigens, 347
DXA. See Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry Ectopic fats, mechanisms of, 1609f Emesis, 969
Dynamometry, handgrip, for sarcopenia, 1789 Eczema. See also Atopic dermatitis. Emollients, 1766
Dysbiosis, 232, 248, 1474, 1769 Coleus forskohlii for, 538 Emotional responses to placebo, 90b, 92
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, wash, 1154 Emotional states
1160 EDCs. See Endocrine-disrupting chemicals in Ayurvedic medicine, 259
markers of, 237 Eddy, Mary Baker, 31 changing negative, 100
Dysentery, 415 Edema, 125, 627 effects of Zang fu on, 254
Dysmenorrhea Edematous end-feel, 337, 383 enhancement of positive, 95b
boron for, 456 EDS. See Electrodermal screening negative, 103
bromelain for, 460–461 EDSs. See Extremely diluted solutions soft tissue manipulation and, 383
Dyspepsia, 964 EDTA. See Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid vulnerability of, 310
Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for, 711 Education/training Emotional stressors, in total load, 270
Dyssynergia, 1244 authorization to confer MD degree, 29 Emotions, peptic ulcer disease and, 1685
Dysthymia, 1064 class A rated schools, 30 Emunctorology, 14
degree requirements Encephalomyopathy, coenzyme Q10 deficiency and, 527
E acupuncture, 252, 252b Encephalopathy, 299
E. M. Institute, 27 Doctor of medicine (MD), 27 Encyclopedia of Alternative Health Care (Olsen), 46
EA. See Elaidic acid doctor of naturopathy (ND), 39–40 End-feels
EAM. See East Asian medicine osteopathy, 332 abnormal, 334
EAMP credential, 255 history of American, 26–28, 30, 38 determining pattern, 337
Earlobe crease, 1148 homeopathic, 28, 59 joint, 334
Ears/hearing postgraduate degrees, ND and DC, 43 normal, 334
cochlear deafness/ototoxicity, 626 schools of naturopathy, 41, 43 in soft tissue manipulation, 383
infections, 786 standards for, 45–46 End-range pain (ERP), 335
tinnitus, 406, 625–626 EEG. See Electroencephalography Endocannabinoid receptors, 1305
Earth (smell), 259 EFAs. See Essential fatty acids Endocannabinoid system, 475, 1305
East Asian medicine (EAM), 506 Effleurage, 384t Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs), 1696, 1722
Eat Right 4 Your Type, 358 EGCg. See Epigallocatechin-3-gallate for menopause, 1559
“Eating Right Pyramid”, 364 EGF. See Epidermal growth factor Endocrine function, sarcopenia, 1785–1786
EBV. See Epstein-Barr virus EGF-R. See Epidermal growth factor receptor Endocrine system
Echinacea, 1837 EGFs. See Exogenous growth factors assessment of, 1458t
for otitis media, 1663, 1665 Ego (Ahamkar), 258 disorders of, 1058
for uterine fibroids, 1839 EGRAC. See Erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation soft tissue manipulation and, 383
Echinacea angustifolia (narrow leaf purple coneflower), coefficient Endocrine toxicity, 277–278
566–573.e2 Ehret, Arnold, 39 Endocytosis, 170
antibacterial properties, 570 Eicosanoids, 586–587 Endogenous compounds, 234
antineoplastic activity, 570 metabolism, 614 Endogenous indoles, 248
antiviral properties, 569 proinflammatory, 735 Endolimax nana, 232
for anxiety, 572 Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 129, 586f, 1137, 1352 Endometrial cancer, 1551
for arthritis, 571 Elaidic acid (EA), 131 soy protein and, 864
for atopic dermatitis, 572 Elderly, insomnia in, melatonin for, 698 Endometriosis, 348, 460–461, 1252–1253
for cancer, 572 Electroacupuncture, 138–139, 1390 bioidentical progesterone for, 1294
for candidiasis, 571, 571t Electroconvulsive therapy, for ASD, 1180–1181 botanical medicines for, 1294–1295
chemical composition, 566–568 Electrodermal screening (EDS), 138–139 comprehensive approach to the patient with,
alkylamides, 567 Electroencephalography (EEG), 93, 1092 1294–1295
caffeic acid derivatives, 567, 568f Electrolytes considerations in, 1287–1288
compounds isolated from, 568 dietary consumption of, 368 diagnosis of, 1289–1290
echinacoside, 567 during fasting, 298 diagnostic summary of, 1287
essential oils, 567–568 hypertension and, 147 diet for, 1290–1292
flavonoids, 567 infectious diarrhea and balance of, 1425 etiologica theories in, 1288–1289
polyacetylenes, 568 Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDSs), 1721–1722 irritable bowel syndrome and, 1295f
 INDEX I-17

Endometriosis (Continued) Enzyme therapy, microbial, (Continued) Epilobium species (fireweed) (Continued)
laboratory findings of, 1290 for food allergies, 721 clinical applications, 582
nutritional supplements for, 1292–1293 for gluten-related disorders, 717–718, 718f description, 581, 582f
physical findings of, 1290 for improving nutrient bioavailability, 719–720 dosage, 582–583
stress reduction for, 1295 introduction to, 716 drug interactions, 583
supplements for, 1295 for lactose intolerance, 719 effect on prostate and prostatic enzymes, 582
surgery for, 1295 for oligosaccharide intolerance, 719 history and folk use, 581
therapeutic considerations in, 1290–1294 orally administered, absorption of, 720–721 pharmacology of, 581–582
topical approach for, 1295, 1295t for pancreatic insufficiency and other digestive toxicology, 583
Endorphins, 94, 94t disorders, 717 Epinephrine, 992
Endoscopy, 115 pharmacology of fungal protease, 720–721 Epistemology, in Unani medicine, 395
Mentha piperita (peppermint) in, 715 for vascular disease, 720 Epithelial cells, intestinal, 167–168
Endothelial cell markers, 351 Enzymes, 1305 EPO. See Evening primrose oil
Endothelial function, improvement of, Camellia sinensis as antioxidant, 736–737 EPOC. See Excess postexercise oxygen consumption
(green tea), 468t catalase, 736 Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), 111
Endotoxemia, 1478 glutathione system, 737 EPX. See Eosinophil protein X
lactulose and, 806–807 peroxidase family, 736–737 Equisetum, for overactive bladder, 1541
Endotoxin binding, 846 peroxiredoxins, 737 Equisetum arvense (horsetail), 1258
Endotoxins, 166–167, 1232 response to oxidative stress of, 738 for overactive bladder, 1541
ENDSs. See Electronic nicotine delivery systems storage and transport proteins, 737 Equol, 858f
Endurance, Cordyceps for, 683 superoxide dismutase, 736 Erectile dysfunction, Cordyceps for, 683
Enemas, 1862 for detoxification, 1669 Ergogenic effects of flavonoids, 616–617
Energy dysfunctional systems, 181 Ergonomics, 1204
consumption from exercise, 283 prostatic, 582 Ergosterol, 680, 681f
sources and needs, 3f, 1716 Eosinophil protein X (EPX), 230, 235b Ergothioneine, 681, 681f
Energy reserves EPA. See Eicosapentaenoic acid ERP. See End-range pain
in human, 295t Ephedra sinica, 578 Erythema multiforme (EM), 1308–1309.e1, 1309f
utilization of, 295t Ephedra species, 578–580.e1 diagnostic summary of, 1308
English Physician, The (Culpepper), 267 for asthma and hay fever, 579 potassium iodide for, 1308–1309
Englishman’s Doctor, The (Harrington), 414 chemical composition, 578, 578f supplements for, 1309
Enokitake (Flammulina velutipes), 688 clinical applications, 579–580 therapeutic approach for, 1309
Entamoeba histolytica, 1493–1494 for common cold, 579 therapeutic considerations for, 1308–1309
Entamoeba species, 232 description, 578 topical vitamin A for, 1309
Enter the Physician (Murphy), 45 dosage, 580 zinc for, 1309
Enteric infections, intestinal permeability and, 172, 173t drug interactions, 580 Erythematous telangiectatic rosacea, 1777
Enterococcus species, glyphosate and, 219 ephedrine, 578f, 579 Erythrocyte aggregation, 121
Enterocytes, 167 history and folk use, 578 Erythrocyte glutathione reductase activation coefficient
Enteroendocrine cells, 168 pharmacology of, 578–579 (EGRAC), 180
Entropy, 82 pseudoephedrine, 579 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), 121–124.e1, 122b,
Environmental effect, in fertility assessment, 1459t toxicology, 580 333, 1771
Environmental issues for weight loss, 579–580 asymptomatic patients, 122
allergies, 381 Ephedrine, 578f, 579 clinical implications of changes in, 123b
aphthous stomatitis and, 1114–1115 EPI. See Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency contribution of acute-phase reactant proteins to, 122t
chronic fatigue syndrome and, 1229–1230 Epicatechin, for type 1 diabetes, 1266 interpretation of, 122–124
in chronic illness, 17b, 22b Epidermal barrier dysfunction, atopic dermatitis (ecze- in cancer, 123
in functional medicine model, 4 ma) with, 1149 decreased, 123
genes and, 140–141 Epidermal growth factor (EGF), Curcuma longa and, 552 in inflammatory arthritis, 123
as health determinant, 19b Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R), 354 in suspected infection, 123
in imbalance, 3f Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCg), 1801 symptomatic patients, 123
interactions with lifestyle factors of, 4 Epigenetics, 4, 1715 in temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica,
Environmental medicine, 269–281.e7 Epilepsy, 476–477 123
adverse health effects of, 272–278 acupuncture for, 1306 monitoring disease activity, 123–124
endocrine toxicity, 277–278 botanical medicines for, 1304, 1307 as predictor of coronary artery disease, 123
immunotoxicity, 272–274, 273t cannabinoids for, 1304–1306 procedure, 121–122
neurotoxicity, 274–277, 275b in children, melatonin for, 700 results, 122
assessment in, 278–279 classification of, 1296, 1297b in rheumatoid arthritis, 124
environmental toxic load, 269–272 description, 1296 in temporal arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica, 124
factors affecting clinical impact of total load, 270 diagnosis, 1297 Westergren method, 122, 122b
sources of environmental toxins, 270–272, 273f diagnostic summary of, 1296 Wintrobe method, 122, 122b
toxic burden, 269–270, 270t–271t diet for, 1307 Erythroplakia, 223, 224t
in treatment, 279–281, 281b dietary considerations for, 1299 Erythropoietic porphyrias, 1708b
chemical exposure avoidance, 279 epidemiology of, 1296 Escargot snail, 360t
Crinnion Depuration Protocol, 280–281 etiology, 1296, 1297t, 1297b Escharotic treatment, cervical, 1856
depuration (cleansing), 280 dietary, 1299 Escherichia coli (E. coli), 232, 369, 1224, 1423
dietary support, 279–280 environmental toxins, 1298–1299 Escin, 1851–1853
nutritional supplementation, 280 genetic, 1296 Esculin, 837f
Environmental pollutants, gallstones and, 1332 exercise for, 1306 E-selectin (SELE), 146
Environmental toxic load, 269–272 fasting for, 297 Esophagus, digestive physiology, 228
Environmental toxicity, affective disorders, 1069 incidence and prevalence, 1296 ESR. See Erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Environmental toxins, 1269–1270, 1711b leptin for, 1299–1300 Essence (Satva), 258
Alzheimer’s disease and, 1091–1092, 1094 lifestyle for, 1307 Essential fatty acids (EFAs), 6, 127, 586–587
atherosclerosis and, 1135 microbiome in, 1301 affective disorders and, 1075
endometriosis and, 1288 mitochondrial APT for, 1300–1301 for atopic dermatitis (eczema), 1152–1153
epilepsy and, 1298–1299 nutritional supplements for, 1307 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and,
in PCOS, 1696 pathophysiology of, 1297–1298, 1298f 1159
sources of, 270–272, 273f therapeutic considerations in, 1298–1306 boron and, 454
type 2 diabetes and, 1270 trigeminal nerve stimulation for, 1306 for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1233
Environmental Working Group (EWG), 269 yoga and meditation for, 1306 for endometriosis, 1293
Enzyme combinations, 772b Epilobium species (fireweed), 581–583.e1 for epilepsy, 1303
efficacy of, 719 analgesic effect, 582 for female infertility, 1449
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), 159, 160f, antidiarrheal, 582 fibrocystic breast disease and, 1315
212, 213t, 1031 anti-inflammatory, 582 gamma-linolenic acid, 1773
Enzyme therapy, microbial, 716–721.e2 antimicrobial, 582 with HIV/AIDS, 1385b, 1390
acid-stable fungal enzymes, 716–717 antitumor effect, 582 linoleic acid (LA), 130
for digestive enzyme deficiencies, 716 chemical composition, 581, 582f for male infertility, 1464
I-18 INDEX
Essential fatty acids (EFAs) (Continued)
for migraine headaches, 1580
for multiple sclerosis, 1595–1596
for PCOS, 1701
in pregnancy, 1735
Essential oils, 1819
for chronic inflammatory processes and infectious
diseases, 1858
active constituents of, 1859t
cinnamon essential oil, 1859, 1860f
clove essential oil, 1860, 1860f
Melissa essential oil, 1860, 1860f
oregano essential oil, 1858, 1859f
Patchouli essential oil, 1860, 1861f
thyme essential oil, 1859, 1859f
Estradiol, 1553, 1574
Estrogen, 1068
abnormal levels, 1770
for Alzheimer’s disease, 1094
as antiapoptotic agent, 1672
asthma and, 1123
exposure, in male infertility, 1459–1460
focus on, 1556
impairment of vitamin B6 by, 1741
metabolism of, 1740–1741
nonbioidentical, 1567
Estrogen effect, causes of, 1313t
Estrogen level, endometriosis and, 1288
Estrogen metabolism
in endometriosis, 1291
facilitators, for endometriosis, 1292
Estrogen therapy, 512t
Estrogenic activity, 1460b
ETBE. See Ethyl tert-butyl ether
Ethanol molecules, 315
Ether (hearing), 259
Ethics, 101
Ethnic groups, 1331
Ethyl tert-butyl ether (ETBE), 218t–219t
Ethylene oxide, 218t–219t
Ethylene oxide exposure, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 1112
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid chelation therapy,
1112
Ethylmalonic acid, 239
Etretinate, 604
Eupatorium purpureum (gravel root), 1525
Eurixor, 908
Evening primrose oil (EPO), 1315, 1318
Evolution, 82, 140
EWG. See Environmental Working Group
Ex vivo cell analysis, 108
Excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC),
284–285
Excretion, 257, 260
of carotenes/carotenoids, 445
of insoluble urinary constituents, 1520t
of mycotoxins, 1032
of soy isoflavones, 858
of toxic metals, 190
vitamin A, 912–914
Exercise, 22
aerobic, 283–285, 1277
aerobic zone versus interval training, 285–286
affective disorders, 1065–1066
antioxidants with, 748–749
approaches to inflammation with, 288
benign prostatic hyperplasia and, 1192
breathing, 1051–1052, 1112, 1234
burn and after-burn, 285
for cancer, 975–976
for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1234
clinical applications of, 289–292
for anxiety, 292
for bone, 290–291
for brain and mood, 291–292
for brain neuroplasticity, 291
for cancer, 291
for heart, 289–290
for heart and vascular system, 290
for memory, 292
for congestive heart failure, 1240, 1242f
for constipation, 1246–1247
in Crinnion Depuration Protocol, 280
Exercise Continued) Fasting (Continued)
for diabetes mellitus treatment, 1277 cancer and, 974–975, 975f
factor, 287 cardiac adaptations during, 295–296
during fasting, 1862 case reports in, 296
Functional Movement Screen, 283–284 appendicitis, 296
glaucoma and, 1347 chronic posttraumatic headache, 296
as health determinant, 19b follicular lymphoma, 296
heart rate monitoring during, 286 clinical application of, 297–298
hepatitis viruses and, 1361 clinical research in, 296
in historical context, 282–283 clinical stages of, 297t
hormonal versus caloric, 285 clinical studies in, 296–297
for hypertension, 1393–1394 complications of, 299, 300t
for hypoglycemia, 1413 contraindications for, 299, 300t
for hypothyroidism treatment, 1420 dilute juice fast, 380t
for insomnia, 1490 effects during refeeding, 298
interval, 286–287 energy reserves
for irritable bowel syndrome, 1502 in human, 295t
for macular degeneration, 1548 utilization of, 295t
male infertility and, 1463 during the fast, 1862
for menopause, 1559, 1559b historical context of, 293
movement quality in, 283 laboratory values in, 298–299
muscle-body messengers and inflammation, 287 before lactose malabsorption testing, 185
for osteoarthritis, 1625, 1631–1632 physiological effects of, 295–296
for osteoporosis, 1657 physiology of, 293–295, 294t
overview, 282 metabolic phase I in, 294
prescription, 282–292.e6 metabolic phase II in, 294
protocols, 288–289 metabolic phase III in, 294–295
recovery, Cordyceps in, 683 metabolic phase IV in, 295
resistance training studies, 286 metabolic phase V in, 295, 295t
for sarcopenia, 1796 problems while, 1862
Selective Functional Movement Assessment, 283–284 for psoriasis, 1761
strength training, 1277 for rheumatoid arthritis, 1772
testosterone and human growth hormone (HGH) in, side effects of, 299
287–288 starting of, 1862
type 2 diabetes and, 1267–1269 therapeutic, 293, 296–297
for weight loss, 284 water fast, 380t
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI), 983 Fasting glucose, 1459t
Exogenous growth factors (EGFs), 357–358 Fasting homocysteine, 1459t
Expanded guidance report, 1023–1024 Fasting institutions, 299
Expectorants, 1201 FAT. See Fatty acid translocase
External analgesic effects, of Mentha piperita (pepper- Fat-soluble vitamins, 229
mint), 714–715 status, assessment of, 180–181
Extremely diluted solutions (EDSs), 314–315 Fatigue, 495
Extrinsic focus, 289 FATPs. See Fatty acid transport proteins
Eyes/vision Fats
amblyopia, 522 burning percentages in exercise, 284
citicoline (CDP-choline) for health and function, fecal, 230
522–525 fibrocystic breast disease and, 1315
color vision, Purkinje shift, 225. See also Rapid dark malabsorption, 115
adaptation test Fatty acid delta-5-desaturase, 1078
diabetic retinopathy, 626, 828, 1274, 1283–1284 Fatty acid translocase (FAT), 587
dry-eye disorders, 917 Fatty acid transport proteins (FATPs), 587
ischemic optic neuropathy, 523 Fatty acids
night vision enhancement, 899 abnormalities, 132t–133t
procyanidolic oligomers for, 828 for alcohol detoxification/treatment, 1087
retinal degeneration, 900 biomarkers, 128
senile macular degeneration, 626 clinical significance of results, 129–132
Vaccinium myrtillus for, 899 concentrations in fish, 595t
vitamin A and, 914–915 conversion of, 294
xerophthalmias, 912, 912t dietary, 129f
essential. See Essential fatty acids
F in health and disease, 590–591
Factor V leiden, 1459t measurement of, 128
Factor VIII, 350 metabolism and biochemistry of, 587–589
Facultative aerobic organisms, causing pelvic inflamma- beta-oxidation, 588–589
tory disease, 1676 carnitine mitochondria transport proteins and
Family Herbal, The (Hill), 874 deficiencies, 587–588
Family and specialty practice, 85–86 elongation and desaturation, 128f
Fantus test, 125–126.e1, 126t peroxisome beta-oxidation, 589
Far-infrared sauna (FIR), for congestive heart failure, modification of, 589–590
1240 monounsaturated, 585
Farmed fish, wild-caught versus, 594–595, 595f in health and disease, 590
Farrell, John E., 42 nomenclature of, 584–587, 585f
Fas, 108f, 111 oxidation of, 239
Fascial densifications, 383 polyunsaturated, 585–586, 586f
Fasting, 293–300.e4 in health and disease, 590–591
adjunctive care for, 298–299 for premenstrual syndrome, 1744
enemas, 299 profiling, 127–133.e2
hydrotherapy, 299 ratios/profiles, 132
intravenous therapy, 299 arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratio, 132
nutritional supplements, 298–299 linoleic acid/dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid ratio, 132
pharmaceuticals, 299 omega-3 index, 132
for ASD, 1181 omega-6/omega-3 ratio, 132
breaking of, 1862, 1863t role of carnitine in transport of, 492f
 INDEX I-19

Fatty acids (Continued) Fiber Fish oil, 728

saturated, 584–585, 585f bulking compounds, 1851 for chronic kidney disease, 1515
in health and disease, 590 in chemically induced illnesses, 279 for gout, 1353
short-chain, 230, 1484, 1485f, 1487 for constipation, 1246 for menopause, 1560–1561
structure intake, before lactose malabsorption testing, 185 for urticaria (hives), 1831
and metabolism, 584 varicose veins and, 1851 Fish oil supplements, 593–612.e8
and nomenclature, 127–128 Fibrinogen, 1145 for asthma, 604
synthesis of, 589–590 Fibrinolysis, 966–967 for atrial fibrillation, 600–601
therapeutic considerations of, 592t Fibrinolytic activity, Allium sativum (garlic) for, 419 for autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, 603–604
trans-fatty acids, 131, 587 Fibrinolytic compounds, 1852–1853 for bypass patients, 600
in health and disease, 591 Fibroblast growth factor, Curcuma longa and, 552 for cancer, 604–606
unsaturated, 585, 585f Fibrocystic breast disease (FBD), 1310–1318.e4, for cardiovascular disease, 598–602
in vegetable and fish oils, 611t 1311f concentrations of fatty acids in fish, 595t, 611t
Fava bean (Vicia faba), 360t botanical medicines for, 1318 for depression, 608
FBD. See Fibrocystic breast disease colon function and, 1317 description of, 594–597
FDA. See Food and Drug Administration description, 1310 for diabetes, 606–607
Fecal analysis diagnostic summary of, 1310 management, 1280
biomarkers for, 227–235.e5, 235b dietary considerations for, 1314–1315, 1318 dietary requirement of, 596
H. Pylori stool antigen testing, 231 differential diagnosis of, 1313–1314 dosage, 611
for inflammatory bowel disease, 1477 general considerations in, 1310–1311 drug interactions, 611–612
mercury exposure, 191–192 herbal supplements for, 1317 efficacy of, 611–612
metal toxicity assessment, 191–192, 192f history and physical examination of, 1314 for elevated serum lipids, 598–599
microbial composition of gut, 232 liver function and, 1317 fatty acid constants, 611t
Fecal calprotectin, 1486 mechanical approach to, 1318 for gallstone treatment, 1334–1335
Fecal fats, 230 nonpharmacologic therapeutic approach for, for glaucoma, 1347
Fecal flora, 1477 1317–1318 for hypertension, 599–600
Fecal matter, 37 nutritional supplements for, 1315–1318 for immune function, 602–603
Fecundity, 1431 pharmaceuticals for, 1317 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1487
Feingold hypothesis, attention deficit hyperactivity surgical intervention to, 1318 for lipid oxidation measurement, 610–611
disorder (ADHD) and, 1159–1160 therapeutic considerations in, 1314–1317 for malaria, 608
Female infertility, 1431–1452.e7 Fibromyalgia for male infertility, 1464, 1472
assisted reproductive technologies and natural medi- 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) for, 667 for migraine headache, 606
cine for, 1432 melatonin for, 699–700 for multiple sclerosis, 1599
botanical medicines for, 1449–1451 Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), 1325 for muscle and bone, 609
carotenes/carotenoids in, 446 Fibromyalgia syndrome, 1319–1329.e5 for myocardial infarction and acute coronary syn-
causes of, 1432t conventional fibromyalgia research community, focus drome, 600
description and rates of, 1431 of, 1321 for neurodegenerative disease, 607–608
diagnosis, 1431–1439 detection of, conceptual model in, 1320f for Parkinson’s disease, 1673
fertility assessment, 1433t diagnosis of, 1227–1228, 1319 pharmacology of, 597–598
miscarriage screen, 1436t common symptoms, 1321b for pregnancy and lactation, 609
ovulation detection, 1433b criteria for, 1229b for psoriasis, 603–604
reproductive assessment, 1432 differential diagnosis, 1319–1321 for Raynaud disease, 608
stage 1 investigations, 1434t–1435t laboratory tests, 1324 for renal disease/immunoglobulin-A nephropathy,
stage 2 investigations, 1435t diagnostic summary of, 1319 608–609
factors affecting, 1440–1442 environmental toxicants in, 1321 for rheumatoid arthritis, 603
age, 1440, 1440f exercise to tolerance in, 1323–1324, 1329 for stroke, 600
alcohol intake, 1442 hypometabolism hypothesis of, 1321–1323 supplementation trial results, 596–597
birth defects, 1441 integrated therapies, 1324, 1327 toxicity and toxin contamination, 609–611
caffeine intake, 1442 metabolic therapies, 1328 wild-caught versus farmed fish, 594–595, 595f
environmental factors, 1441 metabolism-regulating therapies for, 1323–1324 Fishbein, Morris, 38–39
immunological considerations, 1441 nutritional supplements for, 1329 Fistulas, anal, 1748–1749
IVF outcome, 1441 nutritional therapies for, 1323, 1323f Five elements (phases) theory, 253–254, 258–259, 259t
lifestyle, 1441–1442 patient status assessment, 1325–1326, 1328 Flammulina velutipes (enokitake mushroom), 688
marijuana use, 1442 Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Flavocoxid (limbrel), 1629, 1631
miscarriage, 1432–1441 1325 Flavonoids/bioflavonoids, 613–619.e2, 742–743, 1362
newborn, 1441 FibrQuest symptoms survey, 1325 for allergic and inflammatory conditions, 616
ovulation potential, 1441 mean pressure/pain threshold, 1325 anthocyanosides, 897, 899f
pregnancy complications, 1441 pain distribution body form, 1325, 1326f–1328f for aphthous stomatitis and, 1116
pregnancy outcomes, 1441 patient safety during, 1328–1329 bioavailability/biotransformation of, 742
secondary amenorrhea, 958 physical examination, 1326 botanical extracts and, 745
sleep irregularities, 1441 Zung’s self-rating depression scale, 1326 in cancer prevention, 742–743
smoking, 1441–1442 physical treatment, 1324, 1329 for cardiovascular protection, 617, 743
fertility diet for, 1442–1449, 1451, 1452t rehabilitation model, 1325 for cataracts, 1812
general considerations in, 1431–1432 small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) with, chemical descriptions of, 613–614
general measures for, 1451 113 clinical applications of, 616–618
naturopathic preconception treatment for, tender point sites, 1319f commercial forms of, 618–619
1439–1440 therapeutic approach for, 1328 descriptions of, 613
nutritional considerations in, 1442–1451 thyroid hormone therapy, 1329 for diabetes management, 618, 1282, 1283t
optimizing natural fertility, 1432 thyroid supplementation for, 1322–1323 dietary sources of, 742
requirements for conception, 1431 wholesome diet for, 1323, 1329 direct antioxidant activity of, 742
supplements for, 1451, 1452t Fibrosis, 383 dosages of, 618
support for female fertility, 1439–1442 Fibrous end-feel, 383 drug interactions of, 618–619
therapeutic approach/considerations in, 1439–1442, FibrQuest symptoms survey, 1325 effects on cell-signaling pathways, 742
1451 FIGlu. See Formiminoglutamic acid from food sources, 743
Fenugreek seeds, for diabetes management, 1282 Filaggrin dysfunction, atopic dermatitis (eczema) with, for glaucoma, 1345–1347
Fermented foods, source of vitamin K2, 923 1149 for hemorrhoids, 1756
Ferritin, 201, 737, 1101 Find the cause (tolle causam), 81b historical perspective of, 613
Ferrous sulfate, 1105–1106 Finished product (FP), 722 for macular degeneration, 1546
Fertility, melatonin for, 703 FIQ. See Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire for menorrhagia, 1572
Ferulic acid, 829f FIR. See Far-infrared sauna for osteoarthritis, 1629
Fever Fire (vision), 259 for otitis media, 1665
antipyretic treatments and, 319–320, 319t Fire sponge (Phellinus linteus, Phellinus igniarius, Mesima, for peptic ulcer disease, 1686, 1688
types of, 320 Willow bracket), 689, 689f for performance, ergogenic, and mitochondrial effects,
water temperature on, 320 First do no harm (primum non nocere), 81b 616–617
FGIDs. See Functional gastrointestinal disorders Fish intake, 1716 for periodontal disease, 1692–1693
I-20 INDEX

Flavonoids/bioflavonoids (Continued) Food allergies/sensitivities/intolerance (Continued) Fruit intake (Continued)

pharmacokinetics of, 615–616 intestinal permeability and, 172 hepatitis C virus and, 1362
pharmacology of, 614–615 microbial enzyme therapy for, 721 in pregnancy, 1716
sources of, 613, 1851 nomenclature for, 134, 135t vitamin A, 911t
for thalassemias, 618 otitis media and, 1662, 1662t Fruits, 1873
toxicity, 618 peptic ulcer disease and, 1685 ASD and, 1178
for uterine fibroids, 1837–1838 psoriasis and, 1761 oxalate content of, 1523b–1524b
for varicose veins, 1852 rheumatoid arthritis and, 1769 FSH. See Follicle stimulating hormone
in vivo antioxidants, 743 rosacea and, 1778 Fucus species, F. vesiculosus (bladderwrack kelp), 360t
Flavorings, food, 1828 seborrheic dermatitis and, 1804 Functional dyspepsia, melatonin for, 701
Flax oil, for chronic kidney disease, 1515 stress management and, 1053 Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), 981
Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum), 1558–1559, 1735, testing methods, 135–139 Functional medicine, 148
1838 atopy patch test, 138 Functional Medicine Matrix Model, 6–8, 8f
Flexner, Abraham, 30 basophil activation test, 138 form, 9
Flexner Report, 30, 267 breath testing, 138 Functional medicine model, 1–10.e1
Flora/microflora component-resolved diagnostic tests, 138 about, 2
bacterial, 347–348 energetic methods, 138–139 antecedents, triggers, and mediators, 5–6
biomarkers for, 233–235 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, 137 assessment, 6, 7f
fecal, 1477 microarray biochip, 138 clinical imbalances, 4–5
gut, 236–239 molecular-based diagnosis, 138 continuum of health and health care, 3f
gut microflora, 232–233, 1522 oral food challenge, 136 healing partnership/therapeutic relationship, 8–10
host-flora dynamics, 232 radioallergosorbent testing, 137 historic use of word “functional”, 2
influence of stress on, 233 skin-prick testing, 136–137 integration of care, 10
intestinal, 116, 1087, 1088f, 1224, 1477, 1477f–1478f specific IgE to foods, 137–138 lifestyle and environmental factors in, 4
oropharyngeal, 116 urticaria (hives) and, 1827 overview of, 10f
probiotics recommended for, 234f Food and Drug Administration (FDA), 18b, 722–724 physiological processes, 4
Florida, naturopathic medicine in, three-state region, CGMP, basics of, 723–724 principles of, 2–4
77–78 definition of quality by, 724 restoring balance in, 5
Florida Naturopathic Physicians Association, 77 Food and symptom diary, 380 Functional medicine tree, 3f
Flow cytometry, 162, 162b Food-based therapies, in Unani medicine, 403 Functional movement, 283
Flow-through capsule, 155 Food bolus, 228 Functional Movement Screen (FMS), 283–284
Fluconazole, 1383 Food colorants, 1828 Fundamental organizing systems, 3f
Fluid, overactive bladder and, 1543 Food contamination, 369 Fungal protease, pharmacology of, 720–721
Fluid intake, gout and, 1352 Food for Fitness-Daily Food Guide, 364 Fungemia, 822
Fluorine, 205–206 Food preservatives, 1828–1829 Fungi, 1026, 1028t
Fluoxetine benzoates, 1828, 1828t inhibited by Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree), 695t
BMI, melatonin, and postmenopausal women and, butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated markers of, 237–239
706 hydroxyanisole, 1828 treatment, 1033–1034, 1033f
melatonin with, 707 emulsifiers and stabilizers, 1829 Furans, 1416
Fluvoxamine, melatonin with, 707 sulfites, 1828–1829 Fusarium, 1029
FMS. See Functional Movement Screen Food pyramid, 365–370
Focal seizures, 1297b Foot problems, Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) for, G
Folate, 242–243, 987, 1586 695–696 GABA. See Gamma-aminobutyric acid
anemia and deficiency of, 1103 Formaldehyde exposure, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t GAD1. See Glutamic acid decarboxylase 1
nutritional support for, 1107 Formiminoglutamic acid (FIGlu), 242–243 Gaenslen’s (pelvic torsion) test, 337
supplements for, 1107 Formononetin, 511f Gait speed, for sarcopenia, 1788
deficiency, 1733 Forskolin. See Coleus forskohlii Galactagogue, Urtica dioca for, 886
for HIV/AIDS, 1384b Foundations of Naturopathic Medicine Institute, 14 Galactooligosaccharides
intake in pregnancy, 1732–1733 FP. See Finished product clinical applications, 803–805
for PCOS, 1700–1701 Fracture risk algorithms, 1634 atopic disease, 804
status determination of, 179–180 Fractures, pathologic, 333 bifidobacterial growth, 803–804, 804t
Folic acid, 1581–1582, 1582f Fragile X syndrome, melatonin for, 700 calcium absorption, 804
absorption and activation of, 988f Free radicals, 732–733 constipation treatment, 804
for epilepsy, 1302, 1307 about, 732 gastrointestinal infections, 804
methyltetrahydrofolate, 987, 988f scavengers, 823–824, 824b, 851, 894 immune function, 804
Folinic acid (5-formylTHF), 988 theory of aging, 733–734 irritable bowel syndrome, 804
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), 348 type 2 diabetes and, 1269 mood and stress response, 804–805
Follicular lymphoma, fasting and, 296 Freeze-drying process, in glandular preparations, 302 skin health, 804
Fomentations, with hot compresses, 323, 324t French paradox, 1138 commercial forms, 803, 803t
Fomitopsis pinicola, 688–689, 688f Friction rubs, 326 description, 803
Food Friedreich’s ataxia (FRDA), coenzyme Q10 for, 533 dosage, 805
to avoid, in Optimal Health Food Pyramid, 1871 From Humors to Medical Science (Duffy), 44 toxicity, 805
avoidance, in endometriosis, 1292 Frostbite, Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 424–425 Galen, of Pergamon, 266
definition of, 141 Fructooligosaccharides Galenical medicine, 267
glycemic index, carbohydrate content, and glycemic clinical applications, 798 Galland, Leo, 1024
load of, 1865, 1865t commercial forms Gallstones
xenobiotic load in, 272 food sources, 798, 800t asymptomatic (silent), 1333
Food additives, 369, 1826t supplements, 798 bile components, 1331t
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, description, 797–798 botanical medicines for, 1336
1159–1160 dosage, 802 chemical dissolution of, 1335
Food allergies/sensitivities/intolerance, 134–139.e2 microbiota composition, 798–802, 801t choleretics, 1335
adverse food reactions, 1772 atopic eczema and prevention of atopy develop- cholesterol and mixed stones, 1330
affective disorders, 1071 ment, 801–802 cholesterol solubility in bile, 1332f
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, bioavailability of phytoestrogens, 801 considerations in, 1330
1160 immune response, 800–801 description, 1330
bio-resonance therapy for, 138–139 metabolic health and type 2 diabetes, 802 diagnostic summary of, 1330
candidiasis and, 1222 mineral absorption, 801 diet for, 1333–1335
chronic fatigue syndrome and, 1231 satiety, 802 dissolving formula for, 1336
definitions for, 134 toxicity, 802–803 lifestyle in, 1335
elimination diet, 379, 1480 Fructose, kidney stone formation and, 1522 mixed micelle, 1331f
epilepsy and, 1300 Fruit and/or vegetable diet, 380t nutritional supplements for, 1334–1336
in gallstones, 1333 Fruit intake, 365 pathogenesis of, 1330–1332
gut permeability, and microbial overgrowth, atopic atherosclerosis and, 1138–1139 pigmented, 1332
dermatitis (eczema) and, 1152 berries, 1851 postmenopausal, 1553–1554
immunology of, 135 glycemic index for, 1411t predisposition to, 1331
 INDEX I-21

Gallstones (Continued) Gastrointestinal (GI) tract (Continued) Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo tree) (Continued)
risk factors, 1330–1332 intestinal bacteria and production of vitamin K2, 923 for glaucoma, 1348
therapeutic approach for, 1335–1336 low gastric acidity, 156b for high-altitude sickness, 627
therapeutic considerations for, 1332–1335 mucosal surface of, 227–228 history and folk use of, 621
water for, 1336 overgrowth of, 233, 1220 impact on ischemia, 623f
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), 474, 902, 1054, overview, 227–228 for macular degeneration, 1547
1073, 1297, 1302f permeability of, 1230 for multiple sclerosis, 1597, 1599
inhibition of, Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) probiotic recommendations for, 234f for Parkinson’s disease, 1672
in, 672 urine indican test, 248–249.e1 for peripheral arterial insufficiency, 626
Gamma-glutamyl cycle, 244f yeast infections of colon, 234 pharmacology of, 621–623
Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), 1603 Gate control theory, 340 platelet effects of, 622–623
Gamma-linolenic acid, 1773 Gelsemium sempervirens, 314 for premenstrual syndrome, 1745
Gamma linolenic acid (GLA), 130 Gender and idiopathic cyclic edema, 627
Gamma-oryzanol, 1560 gallstones and, 1331 for Raynaud’s disease, 627
Gan, 254 homocysteine metabolism and, 985–986 for senile macular degeneration and diabetic retinop-
Ganoderma lucidum, for benign prostatic hyperplasia, hyperventilation syndrome/breathing pattern disor- athy, 626
1194 ders and, 999 for sexual dysfunction, 626
Ganoderma species (Reishi mushrooms) Gene-Environment Interaction Fact Sheet, 143 for tinnitus, 625–626
G. applanatum, 681–682, 681f Gene-expression, 8 toxicity, 627–628
G. lucidum, 681–682, 681f General Adaptation Syndrome, 383 use in nutrigenomics, 142
G. tsugae, 681–682, 681f General sexually transmitted infection (STI) screen, 1459t vascular effects of, 622, 622t
Gap junctions, 169 Genes, 140–141 Ginsenosides, 758f
Gapping test, 337 Genetic abnormalities, 1440 GIT transit time modification, 810
Garcinia cambogia (tamarind), 1619 Genetic microarray, 164 Giving-up/given-up complex, 97
Garlic. See Allium sativum Genetic predispositions GL. See Glycemic load
Garrod, Archibald, 143 to imbalances, 3f GLA. See Gamma linolenic acid
GAS-6 protein (growth arrest-specific gene 6), 925 inflammatory bowel disease, 1474 Glandular therapy, 301–306.e2
Gastric acid secretion, 113, 155–156, 350 of multiple sclerosis, 1589 adrenal extracts in, 302, 303t
inhibition of, Aloe vera (Cape aloe) in, 423 Genetic single nucleotide polymorphisms, 1078–1079 aortic glycosaminoglycans in, 303, 303t
Gastric acidity Genetic susceptibility, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1768 for cancer therapy, 305
diseases associated with, 983b Genetic testing, 1459t clinical applications of, 302–306
etiology of, 983 Genetics intact protein absorption for, 302
signs and symptoms of, 982b blood group, 348–350 introduction to, 301
Gastric cancer, melatonin for, 702 control of immunity, 164, 165f liver (bovine) extracts in, 303, 303t
Gastric ulcers endometriosis and, 1287 manufacture of glandular preparations in, 301–302
Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 426 origins, 1289 azeotropic method, 301
Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) for, 643–644 epigenetics, 4 freeze-drying process, 302
Gastrin, 154, 350 evolutionary biology, 140 predigestion method, 302
Gastritis, atrophic, 229 gallstone and, 1331 salt precipitation method, 301–302
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), 1337–1343.e2 homocysteine metabolism and, 985–986 pancreatic extracts in, 303–304, 303t
botanical medicines for, 1342–1343 housekeeping genes, 164 for Polyerga, 303t, 304–305
considerations in, 1337–1339 immunity-related, 157t spleen extracts in, 303t–304t, 304
diagnostic considerations of, 1339 linked genes, 350 for spongiform encephalopathy, 302
diet for, 1339–1340, 1342 mold exposure assessment and, 211 thymus extracts in, 303t, 305–306
etiology of, 1337–1338 secretor genes, FUT1 and FUT2, 349 thyroid extracts in, 303t, 306
lifestyle factors in, 1339–1340 in total load, 270 Glandulars, for chronic kidney disease, 1515
medications and, 1339, 1339t of type 2 diabetes, 1267 Glaucoma, 522–523
melatonin for, 701–702 Genitourinary tract infections, 1463 acute, 1344
microbiota in, 1339 Genomics, 140–149.e3, 5 acute closed-angle, 1348
nutritional factors in, 1340–1342, 1340f, 1341t Genotypes, 145, 146t botanical medicines for, 1345–1348
pathogenesis of, 1337–1338, 1338f Geranium maculatum (cranesbill), 1484 Cannabis for, 477–478
recommendations for, 1342–1343 GERD. See Gastroesophageal reflux disease chronic, 1344
supplements for, 1342–1343 Germ theory, 28, 49 considerations in, 1344–1345
therapeutic approach to, 1342 Germany, 35–36, 264–265, 316 corticosteroids for, 1345
therapeutic considerations of, 1339–1342 Gestation, toxin exposure and, autism and, 1170–1171 diagnosis of, 1345, 1345f
Gastrointestinal disorders, Capsicum frutescens (cayenne GGT. See Gamma-glutamyltransferase differential diagnosis of inflamed eye, 1346t
pepper) for, 485 Ghrelin, 1612 diagnostic summary of, 1344
Gastrointestinal (GI) effects Ghrelin agonists, for sarcopenia, 1796 diet for, 1345–1347
of Lion’s Mane, 686 GI. See Glycemic index intraocular pressure (IOP), 1344
of Lobelia inflata (Indian tobacco), 677–678 Giardia lamblia (giardiasis), 232, 1494t, 1495 lifestyle in, 1345–1348
Gastrointestinal infections Gingivitis, 223, 224t normotensive, 1344
galactooligosaccharides and, 804 Ginkgo biloba (ginkgo tree), 620–628.e2, 620f supplements for, 1345–1348
phage therapy for, 785 absorption and distribution of extract, 623 therapeutic considerations in, 1345–1347, 1346f
probiotics and, 814–816 for allergies, 627 treatment of Helicobacter pylori for, 1347
Gastrointestinal (GI) inflammation for Alzheimer disease, 625 Vaccinium myrtillus for, 899–900
Chaga for, 684 for asthma, 627, 1128 Gliadin, content of select foods, 1863t
Lion’s Mane for, 687 for cardiovascular performance, 625t Gliotoxin, 1030
Gastrointestinal mucosa, role in immune defense of, 169 for cerebral vascular insufficiency, 623–624, 624t Glossitis, 223, 224t
Gastrointestinal permeability, attention deficit hyperac- chemical composition of, 620–621 Glove anesthesia, 342
tivity disorder (ADHD) and, 1160 bilobalide, 621f Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), 978, 1612
Gastrointestinal (GI) tract flavonoids, 621f Glucarate (glucaric acid), 243–244
assessing health of, 228f, 229 clinical applications of, 623–627, 745–746 Glucocorticoid medications, for osteoporosis,
beneficial bacteria, 233 for cochlear deafness/ototoxicity, 626 1641, 1642f
beneficial short-chain fatty acids, 234 for cognitive dysfunction, 624–625 Glucosamine, 629–633.e2
beta-glucuronidase, 234 common names of, 620 for athletes, 632–633
bile acids, 234–235 for depression, 627 clinical applications of, 630–633
biomarkers for microflora balance/metabolic function, description of, 620 description of, 629
233–235 dosage of, 627 dosage of, 633
cancer of, soy protein and, 864 drug interactions of, 628 drug interactions of, 633
Candida albicans, overgrowth of , atopic dermatitis for epilepsy, 1304, 1307 forms of, 629–630
(eczema), 1152 extract, 728 for osteoarthritis, 630–632, 632t
diseases, gallstones and, 1331 for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), side effects and toxicity of, 633
effects of Aloe vera on, 423 1161 Glucosamine sulfate (GS), 991
function of, 1760–1761 future applications of, 627 for athletes and prevention, 632–633
gut microflora balance, 232–233 general effects of, 621–622 clinical applications of, 630–633
I-22 INDEX

Glucosamine sulfate (GS) (Continued) Glycosylation, 357b, 358, 1264, 1281t Graham, Sylvester, 27, 37
description and sources of, 629 Glycosyltransferases, 346–347 Grains, 1411t
dosage of, 633 Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice), 641–647.e3, 642f ASD and, 1178
drug interactions of, 633 antibacterial activity of, 643 chemistry of grain proteins, 1206
forms of, 629 anticancer effects of, 643 oxalate content of, 1523b–1524b
versus glucosamine hydrogen chloride, 630 antihepatotoxic activity of, 643 taxonomic relationship of, 1207f
versus N-acetylglucosamine, 629–630, 630f anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity of, 642–643 Grape seed
for osteoarthritis, 630–632, 632t, 1625–1626, 1631 antinephritic activity of, 643 atherosclerosis and, 1144
side effects and toxicity of, 633 for aphthous ulcers, 644 extract, 728, 745
Glucose, 115 for asthma treatment, 1127, 1129 for gout, 1354
blood glucose self-monitoring, 1271, 1271b chemical composition of, 641 Gratitude, 105
control, cycle of, 1407f glycyrrhizin, 642f Gravel root (Eupatorium purpureum), 1525
during fasting, 294 for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1234 Graves’ disease. See Hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease
glucose tolerance test criteria, 1264t, 1271 clinical applications of, 643 “Green allopathy”, 12, 23
prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance), 1263 common names of, 641 Green leafy vegetables, 1871
poor glucose control, 1274–1275 deglycyrrhizinated licorice, 643–644, 647 Green Pharmacy (Griggs), 27, 266
tolerance factor, 1412 description of, 641 Green tea, for cervical dysplasia, 1218
tolerance test, 1264t dosage of, 647 Griffith, Lester E., 45
urinary glucose, 1270 drug interactions of, 647 Griffonia (Bandeiraea simplicifolia), 360t
Glucose-insulin tolerance test, 1408, 1408t for duodenal ulcers, 644 Grifola frondosa, 684–685
Glucose tolerance test, 1408t estrogenic activity of, 642 Griggs, Barbara, 266
Glucosidase inhibitors, for diabetes management, 1280 for gastric ulcers, 643–644 Gross, Charles, 49
Glutamic acid, 1524 for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1342 Growth and development, role of vitamin A, 915
Glutamic acid decarboxylase, 1302 for hepatitis viruses, 1364, 1367 Growth hormone, for sarcopenia, 1795
Glutamic acid decarboxylase 1 (GAD1), 1078 for herpes simplex virus, 1371 GS. See Glucosamine sulfate
Glutamine, 634–640.e3, 175 history and folk use of, 641 GSH. See Glutathione
for alcohol detoxification/treatment, 1087 for HIV/AIDS, 1388b GST. See Glutathione-S-transferase
for alcoholism, 639 immunostimulatory and antiviral effects of, 643 Guaifenesin, for pneumonia and bronchitis, 1201
for brain injuries, 639 licorice flavonoid oil, 645–647, 646t Guggulipid, 542
for burns, 638 memory-enhancing effect, 643 Guggulsterone, 542, 542f
for cachexia, 637–638 oral licorice preparations containing glycyrrhizin, Gulf War syndrome, organophosphates and, 221
for cardiac disease, 639 644–645 Gum guggul (or guggulu), 541–542
chemical structure of, 635f acute intermittent porphyria, 645 Gunas, 258, 260
for chemotherapy and radiation side effects, 637 Addison’s disease, 645 Gut, endometriosis and
clinical applications of, 636–640 hepatitis, 644–645 dysfunction, 1289
for Crohn’s disease, 639 HIV/AIDS, 644 function, 1291
description of, 634 inflammation, 645, 646f Gut bacterial metabolites, 239t
dosage of, 640 obesity and metabolic syndrome, 645 Gut-derived appetite regulators, 1610–1612
drug interactions of, 640 as sweetening agent, 645 Gut-derived endotoxins, 1601, 1602f
for exercise and weight lifting, 638–639, 639f for PCOS, 1704 Gut-derived hormonal alterations, 1610
food sources of, 634 for peptic ulcer disease, 1687 Gut flora, 1522
forms of, 634 pharmacology of, 641–643 Gut microbiome, Turkey Tail in, 684
for HIV, 638 for pneumonia and bronchitis, 1201 Gut microbiota, 1797–1798
for infectious diarrhea, 636, 1426–1427, 1429 pseudoaldosterone activity of, 642 Gut permeability, 1152
for intestinal permeability, 636 topical applications of, 646–647 abnormal, 1770
for low-birth-weight infants, 638 toxicology of, 647 Gymnema sylvestre (gymnema), 1281–1282
for peptic ulcer disease, 1688 for vaginitis, 1845 for PCOS, 1704
for peptic ulcers, 638 Glycyrrhizin, 197 Gynecologic cancers, 354
physiologic effects of, 634–636 for lichen planus, 1532
for postsurgical complications of gastrointestinal tract, Glyphosate, 218t–219t, 219–220, 219f H
636–637 kidney disease and, 1510 H2 blockers, for osteoporosis, 1641
for sickle cell disease, 639 residues, 272 HA. See Hyaluronic acid
toxicity, 640 GMP. See Good Manufacturing Practice Habits, 34
Glutathione (GSH), 737 Goal-setting, 105 Hachi-mi-jio-gan, for overactive bladder, 1542
alcohol toxicity and, 1084 Goblet cells, 167 Hachimijiogan formula, 1812
as antioxidants, 741 God of destruction (Shiva), 258 Hahn, Johann, 317
for ASD, 1184–1185 God of protection (Vishnu), 258 Hahnemann, Samuel, 27, 68, 307
for cataracts, 1810, 1813 Goiter/goitrogens, 200, 1403, 1415 Chronic Diseases, 309–310
deficiency of, 1667–1668 Goldenseal root extract, 728 doctrines of, 28
for HIV/AIDS, 1384b Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, for osteopo- homeopathic effect, 308
and neuroprotection, 737 rosis, 1640 Law of Similars, 28, 307, 310
for Parkinson’s disease, 1670, 1673 Good Health, 37 obstacles to cure, 315
reductase, 737 Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), 1882 Organon of Medicine, 22, 308
repletion, 635, 636f Good oils, 1872 Hair loss, in women, 1355–1357.e1
transferase, 737 Gosha-jinki-gan, for overactive bladder, 1542 alopecia, 1355, 1356f
Glutathione-S-transferase (GST), 144 Goti (pills), 261–262 causes of, and therapeutic considerations,
Gluten/gliadin Gotu kola, for chronic kidney disease, 1516 1355–1357
content of select foods, 1863t Gout, 1349–1354.e1 androgenic female-pattern hair loss, 1355–1356
intestinal permeability and, 172 botanical medicines for, 1353–1354 antigliadin antibodies, 1357
osteoporosis and, 1640 causes of, 1349–1350, 1350b drug-induced hair loss, 1356, 1356t
Gluten-related disorders, microbial enzyme therapy for, considerations for, 1349–1351 hypothyroidism, 1357
717–718, 718f diagnosis of, 1349 nutritional deficiency, 1356
Glyburide treatment, 1281t diet and supplements for, 1353 toxicant exposure, 1357
Glycans, 348 dietary considerations for, 1352 diagnosis of
Glycemic control, melatonin for, 705 fasting and, 299 androgenic female-pattern, 1355–1356
Glycemic index (GI), 978, 1411–1412, 1411t flavonoids for, 617 differential, 1355, 1356f
of select foods, 1865, 1865t nutritional supplements for, 1352–1353 hair-pull test, 1355
Glycemic load (GL), 366–367, 1411–1412 prevalence of, 1351t etiology, 1415
of select foods, 1865, 1865t primary, 1349 hypothyroidism, 1415
Glycemic response to food, 978 purine synthesis, 1350f physiology of hair cycle, 1355
Glycemic volatility, 1053 secondary, 1349 Hair mineral analysis, 150–153.e4
Glycine, 1073, 1813 signs and symptoms of, 1350–1351 for calcium and magnesium, 151
Glycogen, 288, 294 therapeutic considerations/approaches for, 1351–1354 for chromium, 151
Glycolysis, 239 urate ion solubility, 1351t conditions showing abnormal, 150
Glycosides, primary and secondary, 359t uric acid secretion, 1350f for copper, 151
 INDEX I-23

Hair mineral analysis (Continued) Heart failure Hepatitis viruses (Continued)

discussion in, 152–153 Alzheimer’s disease and, 1091, 1091f prevention of, 1359–1360, 1359b
for drug abuse, 150, 152 congestive, 1236–1242.e1 signs and symptoms of, 1358
factors affecting, 153b botanical medicines for, 1239–1240 therapeutic approach for, 1366–1367
for manganese, 151–152 diagnosis of, 1236 therapeutic considerations for, 1360–1366
minerals and, 151–152 diagnostic considerations of, 1236 types of, 1359f
problems of, 152 diet and supplements for, 1236–1239 Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), soy protein and, 865
ratios of, 152 general considerations of, 1236, 1237f Hepatoprotection, 453
for selenium, 152 precipitating or exacerbating factors, 1237b Hepatotoxicity, 1600
for sodium and potassium, 152 stages of, 1238t Herald of Health and Naturopath, 36, 39
standardization of, 152 therapeutic considerations/approaches of, Herbal shampoo, for seborrheic dermatitis, 1806
for zinc, 152 1236–1240, 1241f Herbicides, 365–366
Hair tonic effects, of Allium cepa (onion), 413 Heat (calor), 164 in infertility, 277
Halogenated toxins, 366 Heat (cholinergic) urticaria, 1823–1824 Hereditary hemochromatosis, 201
Halopropane, 218t–219t Heavy metal toxicity. See Metal/heavy metal toxicity Hericium erinaceus (Lion’s Mane mushroom), 686–687,
Hamamelis virginiana (witch hazel), 1755 Heavy metals 686f
Hamstring strain, 374 homeopathic use for, 314 Hering, Constantine, 308, 310–311
Hand reflexology, 342 neurotoxicity, 276 Herpes simplex, Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) for, 646
Handgrip dynamometry, for sarcopenia, 1789 Hedera helix (ivy), 1127, 1129, 1198 Herpes simplex virus (HSV), Melissa officinalis (lemon
Harmon, Howard, 75 Hedgehog mushroom, 686–687, 686f balm) for, 710
Harpagophytum Procumbens (devil’s claw), 1629, 1631 Hedges, A.R., 58–60 Herpes viruses
Harrington, John, 414 Heidelberg pH capsule gastric analysis, 154–156.e1 erythema multiforme-associated, 1309
Harvard Health Letter, “Unifying Theory of Disease”, 18b achlorhydric gastrogram, 155, 155f herpes simplex virus, 1368–1371.e1, 1370f, 1753
Harvard University, 30 aging and, 156 considerations for, 1368–1369
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, 227–228, 1415 clinical application of, 155–156 diagnosis of, 1368–1370
Hatha yoga, effect on mental state of, 100 equipment for, 154 diet and supplements for, 1371
Hauser, Gaylord, 40 hypochlorhydric gastrogram, 155, 155f with HIV/AIDS, 1385
Hawthorn. See Crataegus oxyacantha indications of, 156 immunological aspects of, 1369
Hawthorne effect, 96 interpretation of, 155 life cycle of, 1369f
Hay fever, Ephedra species for, 579 low gastric acidity, 156b nutritional supplements for, 1370
HCA. See Hydroxycitrate methods of, 155 recurrence rate of, 1368
HCC. See Hepatocellular carcinoma normal gastrogram, 155, 155f therapeutic considerations/approach for,
HCl. See Hydrogen chloride physiology of digestion in stomach, 154 1370–1371
HCSE. See Horse chestnut seed extract procedure of, 154–155 topical preparations for, 1370–1371
HDL. See High-density lipoprotein Helicobacter pylori, 231, 349–350, 355, 415, 1347, topical treatment for, 1371
Head injuries, 521–522 1683–1685, 1778 in trigeminal ganglion, 1369f
Head position, 336 Helix pomatia agglutinin (Roman or escargot snail), 354, herpes zoster virus, 1385
Headache, 374 360t peat therapy for, 374–375
juvenile, 666–667 Helminthic therapy, for ASD, 1174–1175, 1174f HERs. See Hydroxyethylrutosides
melatonin for, 704–705 Helminths, immune modulation and, 1494–1495, 1494f Herx, for ASD, 1173–1174
Mentha piperita (peppermint) for, 715 Hematologic support, 453 Hesperidin, 1560
tension, 665–666 Hematoma, 375 Heuristic assessment, 7f
Healing, 386–390.e1, 386f Hematopoietic effects, of Aloe vera (Cape aloe), 424 Heuristics, 6
versus curing, 95 Heme biosynthesis, 245, 246f, 247t β-Hexachlorocyclohexane, attention deficit hyperactivity
definitions, 386–387 Heme formation, 1708, 1708f–1709f disorder (ADHD) and, 1158
drugless, 51, 53 Heme iron, 1105 HGH. See Human growth hormone
effects of, in clinical setting, 389 Heme pathway, disruption of, 247 5-HIAA. See 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid
hierarchy of, 21b Hemochromatosis, 853 Hibiscus sabdariffa, 1398–1399
natural, 26–31 hereditary, 201 Hierarchy of healing, 21b
process, 16, 16f, 83, 83b Hemodialysis, 497 Hierarchy of Needs, Maslow’s, 103, 103f
wholeness of, 9 Hemoglobin, glycosylated, 1264 High-density lipoprotein (HDL), Allium sativum (garlic)
wounds, 674–675, 1274, 1284 Hemoglobin disorders, 1104, 1104f for, 418
Healing crisis (aggravation), 83–84 Hemorrhage, 942–943 High-fat diet, intestinal permeability and, 172
Healing prayer, 388 Hemorrhagic disorders, 1572t High-fructose corn syrup, 1601
Healing relationship/partnership Hemorrhoids, 617, 1750–1752 High-intensity interval training (HIIT), 284, 286
characteristics of conventional, 9 classification of, 1750 High-molecular-weight phthalates (plasticizers), 272
in functional medicine model, 8–10, 10f diet for, 1755 High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), 722
steps for establishing, 9 external, 1752–1753 High-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC),
study on role of healing, 9 prevention, 1752 722
Health summary of treatment for, 1755–1756 High-protein diet, for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1192
advancing research on, 389 treatment, 1750–1753 High-quality protein, 1873
definitions, 386–387 Hemosiderosis, 200 High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, 161, 162f
determinants of, 18, 19b, 20 Hen of the Woods, 684–685 Higher drive (in homeostasis), 92
lifestyle and, 85 Henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), 1525 Highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs), 589
as natural state, 21 Heparin, for osteoporosis, 1642 HIIT. See High-intensity interval training
in naturopathic model, 18–19, 19b Hepatic effects, of Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng), 765 Hill, John, 874
Vithoulkas’s definition of, 310 Hepatic encephalopathy, lactulose and, 806 Himematsutake, 687–688
Health determinants, lifestyle, 19b Hepatic function, 1760 Hinduism, 257
“Health fad” movement, 39 protection from chemicals and drugs for, 851–852 Hippocrates, 89, 316–317, 331
Health Food Store, 31 Hepatic protein synthesis, 852 Hippuric acid, 237
Hearing (Ether), 259 Hepatitis viruses, 1358–1367.e4 Hiratake, 685–686, 685f
Heart, exercise for, 289–290 acupuncture and Chinese herbal medicines for, Hirsch, Fred, 39
Heart disease 1365–1366 Hirschsprung’s disease, 1025b
acute coronary syndrome, 601–602 Berkson combination antioxidant approach for, 1367 Hirsutism, 1697
apoptosis in, 111 botanical medicines for, 1364–1365, 1367 Histamine, 314, 614, 1823b
atrial fibrillation, 600–601 considerations in, 1358 History, in detecting xenobiotic-induced health prob-
bypass patients, 600 conventional therapies for, 1360–1361, 1360f, 1361b lems, 278
coronary heart disease, 963–964, 1552–1553 diagnostic considerations for, 1359–1360 HIV/AIDS, 1372–1390.e9, 111, 1384b
elevated serum lipids, 598–599 diet and supplements for, 1366 antiviral therapy and immunomodulation for, 1388
hypertension, 599–600 glandulars for, 1363–1364 apoptosis in, 111
mechanism of, 598, 599f hepatitis A virus, 1358 biology of, 1373
myocardial infarction, 494, 601–602, 963–964 hepatitis B virus, 1358 botanical medicines for, 1388, 1388b
percentages by ABO blood group, 351–352 hepatitis C virus, 853, 1358, 1359b Candida albicans overgrowth with, 1223, 1383
stroke, 600 lifestyle recommendations for, 1361–1362, 1366 cardiovascular disease with, 1384–1385
water intake and, 963–964 nutritional supplements for, 1362–1363, 1367 CDC surveillance case definition, 1375b
I-24 INDEX

HIV/AIDS (Continued) Homeopathy (Continued) Hormonal imbalances, affective disorders and (Continued)
clinical progression to, 1374 research in, 312–315 oxytocin, 1068
coenzyme Q10 for, 534 animal studies/field and laboratory, 314 progesterone, 1068
constitutional hydrotherapy for, 326 basic research, 314–315 testosterone, 1067–1068
description of, 1372 human clinical trials, 313 thyroid hormones, 1067
diagnosis of, 1372, 1375–1377 human effectiveness studies, 314 Hormonal therapies, 1586
CDC guidelines for testing, 1375b modern proving study, 313 Hormone profiles, 1771
laboratory assessment and monitoring, 1376–1377 U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia, 307 Hormone therapy, 1565–1568
medical history, 1376, 1376b Homeostasis/balance/equilibrium, 51–52 Hormones
testing recommendations, 1375–1376, 1375b apoptotic, 111–112, 112f benign prostatic hyperplasia and, 1189–1190
diarrhea with, 1385 definition of, 18b changes of, 285
diet and supplements for, 1385b, 1389 lower and higher drives of body in, 92 gastrin, 154
enhancement maintenance of, 82 gut-derived alterations in, 1610
of care for, 1378 in placebo response, 92–93 interactions with boron of, 454–455, 455t
of positive effects of conventional medical treat- in Prakriti, 259 leptin, 1299–1300
ment for, 1378–1379 problem of entropy, 82 in placebo response, 94
entry inhibitors for, 1381 restoring, 5 Horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), 1755,
health and wellness foundation of, 1382–1383 Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance 1851–1852
herpes viruses with, 1385 (HOMA-IR) score, 974 Horse chestnut seed extract (HCSE), 1851–1852
highly active antiretroviral therapy for, 1379–1382 Homocysteine, 985, 1145 Host factors, in Ayurvedic medicine, 261b
homeopathy for, 1388–1390 for ASD, 1184 Hot baths, 324–325
immune system’s response to, 1374 levels, 1275 Hot flashes, 1558
integrase strand transfer inhibitors for, 1381 micronutrients and, 147–148, 147f Hot temperature
integration of care for, 1378 Homocysteine metabolism, 985–998.e4, 986f–987f in circulation of blood, 319
Kaposi sarcoma with, 1385–1386 absorption and activation of folic acid, 988f principles of, 318
lifestyle for, 1389 alcoholism and ethanol ingestion, 996 Housekeeping genes, 164
lipodystrophy with, 1386 autism and, 997 Hoxsey, Harry, 71
macrocytic anemia with, 1386 diabetes mellitus and, 995–996 HPLC. See High-performance liquid chromatography
medical management of, 1377 diagnostic considerations of, 997 HPTLC. See High-performance thin layer chromatog-
naturopathic management of, 1378–1382 drug-induced hyperhomocysteinemia and, 997 raphy
neuropathies with, 1386 effects of gender and genetics on, 985–986 HPV. See Human papillomavirus
new approaches for, 1382–1388 gout and, 996 HSV. See Herpes simplex virus
nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors for, heart disease and, 993–994 HUFAs. See Highly unsaturated fatty acids
1380 impact on key nutrients of, 990–993 Hufeland’s Journal, 308
nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors carnitine, 990–991, 991f Human antitissue transglutaminase (Ig A anti-tTG), 1210
for, 1379–1380 chondroitin sulfates, glucosamine sulfate, and other Human colon carcinoma tumor (HCT-116) cell, be-
nutrient deficiencies caused by, 1383, 1384b sulfated proteoglycans, 991 ta-lapachone for, 871
nutrient protocol for, 1383 cobalamin metabolism, 989f Human growth hormone (HGH), 285, 287–288
patient education for, 1389 coenzyme A, 991 Human immunodeficiency virus, glutamine for, 638
pharmacokinetic enhancers for, 1381–1382 coenzyme Q10, 991 Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DQ3, 1308
prevention strategy and continuum of care for, creatine, 992 Human Microbiome Project, 232–233, 233f
1377–1378 creatine, creatine phosphate, and creatinine, 992f Human microcosm, in Unani medicine, 395–396, 396f
protease inhibitors for, 1380–1381 epinephrine and melatonin, 992 Human papillomavirus (HPV), 111, 374, 1213
psychological issues of, 1386–1387 homocysteine thiolactone, 993b Humoral immunity, 157t
seborrheic dermatitis in, 1804 pantetheine, pantethine, pantothenic acid, cysteam- Humors, 397–400
side effects/symptoms of immunosuppression for, ine, 991f for atopic dermatitis (eczema), 1154
1383–1388 phosphatidylcholine, 992–993 humoral pathology, 259
single-tablet regimens for, 1382 phosphatidylcholine metabolism, 989f Humulus lupulus (hops), 1492, 1562, 1845
suppression mechanism of, 1383–1388 S-adenosylmethionine, 990 Huperzia serrata, 1098
therapeutic approach for, 1389–1390 taurine, 990f, 993 HVA. See Homovanillic acid
therapeutic considerations for, 1377–1389 impaired renal function and, 990, 996 HVS/BPDs. See Hyperventilation syndrome/breathing
transmission of, 1373–1374 lifestyle and, 986 pattern disorders
Vitamin A for, 917 neurological and mental disorders and, 995 Hyaluronic acid (HA), 1532, 1626
wasting syndrome, 1387–1388, 1387b nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and, 997 Hyaluronidase inhibition, 614
workup of, 1375–1377 nutritional relationships and, 986–990 Hydrastis, for chronic kidney disease, 1516
HMG. See β-Hydroxymethylglutaric acid betaine, 989–990, 989f Hydrastis canadensis (goldenseal), 266, 1200, 1224
Holbrook, Martin Luther, 29 methionine, 986–987, 987f for bacterial cystitis, 1258
Holism, 14–15, 82 methylcobalamin, 988–989, 989f for bacterial sinusitis, 1188
Holistic fitness prescription, 288 methyltetrahydrofolate, 987–988, 988f chemical composition of, 649
“Holistic” medicine, emergence of, 44 pyridoxal 5´-phosphate, 990, 990f description of, 649, 649f
Hollow organs, 254 S-adenosylhomocysteine, 987, 987f dosage of, 656
Homeopathic/Eclectic College of Illinois, 36 osteoporosis and, 996–997 history and folk use of, 650
Homeopathic Medical College, 31 overview of, 985–990 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1484
Homeopathic medicines, for affective disorder, 1078 peripheral vascular disease and, 994 for pelvic inflammatory disease, 1680
Homeopathy, 307–315.e4, 28, 68 pharmaceutic drug effects on, 990 for proctologic conditions, 1755
for anorectal diseases, 1755 phase 2 detoxification and, 993 for psoriasis, 1766
for atopic dermatitis (eczema), 1154 pregnancy and, 994–995 for streptococcal pharyngitis, 1815
challenges to, 315 psoriasis and, 996 for urinary tract infections, 1257
for chronic kidney disease, 1515 rheumatoid arthritis and, 996 for vaginitis, 1845, 1848
clinical application of principles of, 309–312 stroke and, 994 Hydration, in pregnancy, 1717
in follow up and case evaluation, 310 therapeutic approach of, 998 Hydrocarbons, 366
in homeopathic interview, 309–310 therapeutic considerations of, 997–998 Hydrochloric acid, 228, 1774, 1778
in Materia Medica, 311–312 Homocysteine thiolactone, 993b supplementation, 1870
in mechanism of action, 311 Homovanillic acid (HVA), 241 Hydrogen, 113, 185
in pharmacy and potency selection, 310–311 Hope, 101, 1881 Hydrogen chloride (HCl), 154, 156
in potency determination, 311 HOPE Note, 390, 390t Hydrogen ion factor, 1001
in prescription, 310 Hops (Humulus lupulus), 1562, 1845 Hydrogen peroxide, 735
correct diagnosis in, 315 Horehound (Marrubium species), 360t Hydrolysis, 294–295
effects of placebo in, 90 Hormesis, 311, 751 Hydrolyzed collagen protein, vitamin K2, 936
extremely diluted solutions in, 314–315 Hormonal contraceptives, for osteoporosis, 1642–1643 Hydropathic Encyclopedia, 29
history of, 28, 68, 307–308 Hormonal imbalances, affective disorders and, 1067–1068 Hydropathy, 29
for HIV/AIDS, 1388–1390 cortisol, 1067 Hydrotherapy, 316–330.e2, 13, 37
introduction to, 307 dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, 1067 ancient, 316–317
Law of Similars, 28, 307, 310 estrogen, 1068 for carpal tunnel syndrome, 1204
philosophy of, 308–309 melatonin, 1068 cautions and contraindications for, 321

Hydrotherapy (Continued)
cold and contrast baths in, 325, 325f
cold applications in, 318
cold friction rubs in, 326
colon, 327–329
combinations of, 372
compresses, 323–326
constitutional, 22, 326
guidelines for, 320–323
cancer, 322
diabetes, 322–323
health care provider, 320–321
hypertension and cardiovascular disease, 322
patient or individual, 321
pregnancy, 321–322
for hemorrhoids, 1751, 1756
history of, 316–317
hot applications in, 318
hot baths in, 324–325
local steam inhalation in, 330
modern, 317
mud baths/packs, 372
naturopathic medicine introduction, 316
neutral baths, 325
oatmeal baths, 1832
overview, 316
patient perceptions of water temperature in, 318t
physiologic effects of water, 317–320
sauna in, 329, 329f
sitz baths, 325–326, 1680, 1682
techniques, 323–330
thermarium baths (hammāmāt), 404
in Unani medicine, 404
wet sheet pack, 326–327
β-hydroxy β-methyl butyrate (HMB), 1798
α-Hydroxybutyrate, 244
Hydroxycitrate (HCA), 1619
Hydroxyethylrutosides (HERs), 614, 617, 1853
5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), 241
α-Hydroxyisobutyric acid, 243
3-Hydroxyisovaleric acid, 243
Hydroxyl radicals, 734
β-Hydroxymethylglutaric acid (HMG), 240
3-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (3-HPAA), 237
4-Hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPAA), 237
P-Hydroxyphenyllactic acid, 243–244
3-Hydroxypropionic acid, 243
3-(3’-hydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxypropionic acid (HPH-
PA), 237
5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP), 658–669.e2, 360t
for affective disorders, 1070f, 1072–1073
for anxiety and panic disorder, 663
clinical applications of, 660b
for depression, 660–663, 661t–663t
dosage of, 668
drug interactions with, 669
effectiveness of, versus placebo, 667t
effects of
on appetite and satiety, 664t
on depression in Parkinson’s disease, 667t
on food intake, 664t
on weight loss, 664t
for fibromyalgia, 667
for insomnia, 665, 1491
introduction to, 658
for irritable bowel syndrome and leaky gut, 668
for juvenile headache, 666–667
l-tyrosine in adjunct with, 663
metabolism of, 658
methysergide versus, 666t
for migraine headaches, 665–666, 1580, 1586
for obesity, 1619–1620, 1620t
for Parkinson’s disease, 667
pharmacology of, 658–660, 659f
for seizure disorders, 667–668
serotonin and β-endorphin levels and, 666t
structure of, 658f
for tension headaches, 665–666
toxicology of, 668–669
tryptophan versus, 660
for weight loss, 663–665
Hygeian Home, 29
Hygienic factors as health determinants, 19b
Hygienic movement, 29
Hygienic school of thought, 27–28
INDEX I-25
Hymenolepis diminuta cysticercoids, 1017 Hyperthyroidism/Graves’ diseasey (Continued)
Hyoscyamus niger (henbane), 1525 etiology of, 1402t
Hypercalcemia, 195 goiter, 200, 1402
Hyperchlorhydria, 155 iodine supplementation of, 1403
Hypericin, 670, 671f laboratory diagnosis of, 1402
Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort), 670–676.e2, 265, naturopathic treatment for, 1402
1076–1077, 1563–1564 nutritional supplements for, 1403–1404
for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and other relative frequency of, 1402t
viral infections, 674 therapeutic considerations/approach for, 1402,
antibacterial activity of, 673 1404–1405
antidepressant activity of, 671–673 thyroid function tests in, 1402t
antiviral activity of, 673 Hyperuricemia, 1350b
chemical composition of, 670, 671f Hyperventilation syndrome/breathing pattern disorders
clinical applications of, 673–675 (HVS/BPDs), 999–1008.e1
for depression, 673–674 biomechanical (structural) considerations of,
description of, 670, 671f 1005–1006
dosage of, 675 chemical control of breathing, 1006
drug interactions with, 676 muscles of breathing, 1005
history and folk use of, 671 neural regulation of breathing, 1005–1006
for HIV/AIDS, 1388b structure-function continuum, 1005
for insomnia, 674 voluntary control of breathing, 1006
for menopause, 1563–1564 breathing rehabilitation exercises for, 1007–1008,
for mental function, 674 1007b
pharmacokinetic studies of, 673 carbon dioxide/oxygen balance, 1000
pharmacology of, 671–673 definition/description of, 999
for premenstrual syndrome, 1745–1746 diagnostic considerations of, 1002–1005
for restless legs syndrome, 674 chronic and intermittent, 1004
safety/toxicity of, 675–676 hyperventilation provocation test, 1004
for seasonal affective disorder (SAD), 674 laboratory and office tests, 1004
topical application of, 674–675 metabolic disturbances, 1002–1003
Hyperinsulinemia, 1697 Nijmegen questionnaire, 1004–1005, 1005f
Hyperkalemia, 197 progression of, 1003–1004
Hyperlipidemia, Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for, 711 signs/symptoms, 1003t
Hypermagnesemia, 196 symptoms, 1002
Hypernatremia, 198 etiology of, 1000–1001
Hyperphosphatemia, 197 final modulation of the breathing act, 1003f
Hypertension, 1391–1399.e2, 125, 750 incidence by gender, 999
Allium sativum (garlic) for, 419 negative health influences of, 1002f
Ayurvedic medicine for, 261 normal breathing pattern, 999–1000
balneotherapy for, 374 normal respiratory function, 1000
blood pressure classifications, 1391b osteopathic/naturopathic protocol for, 1007
botanical medicines for, 1398–1399 pathophysiology of, 1000
classification of, 1392b autonomic innervation of lung and somatic (mo-
coenzyme Q10 for, 531 tor) nerve, 1006f
Coleus forskohlii for, 539 bicarbonate buffer, 1001
considerations in, 1391–1392 carbon dioxide-hydrogen ion connection, 1001
Crataegus oxyacantha for, 546 hydrogen ion factor, 1001
description of, 1391 oxygen delivery and smooth muscle constriction,
diagnosis of, 1391 1001
dietary and lifestyle factors for, 1393–1394, 1393f physiological causes of, 1000
dietary recommendations for, 1394 psychology and, 1001–1002
electrolytes and, 147 respiratory homeostasis, 1000
etiology of, 1392 therapeutic considerations and approach, 1006–1008
fish oils for, 599–600 treatment and rehabilitation for, 1006–1007
hydrotherapy guidelines for, 322 Hypnosis, 342
lifestyle factors and, 1393–1394 placebo effect and, 99
nutritional supplements for, 1394–1397 Hypnotherapy, for overactive bladder, 1543
peat therapy for, 374 Hypoadrenalism, 1232
pharmacotherapy of, 1393 Hypocalcemia, 195
procyanidolic oligomers (procyanidins) for, 826–827 Hypochlorhydria, 113, 155, 155f, 982–983, 982b–983b,
stage 1, 1399 1222
stage 2, 1399 Hypocupremia, 199
therapeutic considerations/approach for, 1393–1399 Hypoglycemia, 1406–1413.e2
vitamin C for, 738 blood sugar stabilization for, 1409f
white-coat, 1392, 1399 and brain, 1409–1410
Hyperthermia treatment, 324, 376b, 1390 chronic fatigue syndrome and, 1232
Hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease, 1400–1405.e1 considerations for, 1409–1410
allopathic treatment of, 1404 description of, 1406
botanical medicines for, 1404–1405, 1404t diagnosis of, 1406–1409
clinical presentation of, 1401–1402 24-hour glucose monitoring, 1408
comorbidities of, 1402 blood sugar fluctuation monitoring, 1413f
considerations for, 1400–1401, 1401f glucose tolerance test, 1408t
conventional treatment of, 1402–1403 glucose-insulin tolerance test, 1408, 1408t
diagnosis of, 1400–1402 hypoglycemia questionnaire, 1408–1409, 1409t
diet and supplements for, 1403, 1405 hypoglycemic index, 1408
differential diagnosis of, 1402 diet and supplements for, 1413
disease risk of, 1400–1401 dietary factors for, 1410–1412
gender, 1400 epilepsy and, 1299
genetics, 1400 exercise for, 1413
infection, 1401 glycemic index of common foods, 1411t
iodine supplementation, 1401 health effects of, 1409–1410
prescription drugs, 1401 lifestyle factors for, 1412–1413
smoking, 1400–1401 oral drugs for, 1407b
stress, 1400 therapeutic considerations/approach for, 1410–1413
toxins, 1401 Hypoglycemic action, of Allium sativum (garlic), 417
I-26 INDEX

Hypoglycemic activities, of Chaga, 684 Imbalances (Continued) Immunoglobulin-G (IgG), 158–159

Hypokalemia, 197 inflammation and Th1/Th2 imbalances, 1119, 1120f allergy serum testing for, 211
Hypomagnesemia, 196 in inflammatory disorders, 5f Immunological barrier, intestinal, 169–170
Hypometabolism hypothesis, of fibromyalgia syndrome, lifestyle factors in, 3f Immunology
1321–1323 obesity and, 5f dehydroepiandrosterone and, 561
experimental support for, 1322 Immersion, of body, 324 of food allergies, 135
thyroid supplementation in, 1322–1323 Immune complex-mediated diseases, 774 gastrointestinal tract, 230–232, 231f
Hyponatremia, 198 Immune correlates of group O blood, 348 Institute of Immunology and Experimental Medicine,
depletional, 199 Immune disorders, bromelain for, 461 783–784
Hypoosmotic hyponatremia, 199 Immune enhancement, Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 424 psychoneuroimmunology, 1009–1011
Hypoproteinemia, in small intestine bacterial overgrowth Immune-enhancing effects, of Allium sativum (garlic), Immunomodulating activity, of Angelica species, 431
(SIBO), 115 416 Immunosuppression, 1383–1388
Hypotension, 126 Immune factors, in semen analysis, 1455t–1457t Immunotoxicity, 272–274, 273t
Hypotensive agents, 862, 967 Immune function, fish oils for, 602–603 allergy and asthma, 273–274
Hypothalamic gene transcription, Hypericum perforatum Immune modulation, 113 autoimmunity, 274
(St. John’s wort) in, 672–673 fire sponge for, 689 cell-mediated immune dysfunction, 272–273
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, zinc and, Maitake for, 685 chemical sensitivity, 274
1096 probiotics and, 810 Impaired glucose tolerance (prediabetes), 1263
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction, Immune origins, endometriosis and, 1288–1289 Implantation, of embryo, 1438
1064–1065 Immune response, 17b Impotence, 831
Hypothalamus, 93 Immune-stimulating effects, of Cordyceps, 683 Inborn Errors of Metabolism (Garrod), 143
Hypothyroidism, 1414–1421.e2 Immune support/enhancement, 1009–1016.e2 Inborn health determinants, 19b
associated with xenobiotic burden, 277–278 botanicals, 1015–1016 Independent Practitioners Under Medicare, 44
causes, 1415–1417 candidiasis treatment Indirect neurotoxicity (neuroinflammation), 276–277
chronic fatigue syndrome and, 1231–1232 causes of depressed immune function with, 1223 Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), 1217–1218
description, 1414 enhancing for, 1222–1223 for endometriosis, 1292
detoxification for, 1421 restoring proper function, 1223 Indoleacetic acid (IAA), 237
diagnosis, 1414, 1417, 1418t triggers to impaired immunity, 1223b Inertia (Tamas), 260
changes to skin, hair, nails, 1415 carotenes/carotenoids for, 1013 Infallible remedy, 405, 406f, 406b
clinical assessment, 1417 coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone) for, 740 Infantile colic
endocrine symptoms, 1415 environmental toxins and, 1011, 1011f Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for, 711
flowchart for, 1419f general measures, 1016 probiotics and, 816
laboratory evaluation, 1417, 1419t glutathione for, 636 Infants
laboratory testing, 1418t for HIV/AIDS, 1383 carnitine/L-carnitine for, 493
metabolic symptoms, 1414–1415 lifestyle effects on, 1011, 1012b cataract formation in, 1811
psychological symptoms, 1414 nutrients, 1015 ideal water intake, 960
diet for, 1420 nutritional factors, 1011–1014 Infections
diet/iodine status for, 1418 alcohol intake, 1013 ABO blood groups and, 355
fibromyalgia syndrome and, 1324 blood lipid levels, 1012–1013 antibiotic-resistant, 23–24
gallstones and, 1332 nutrient deficiency, 1012 anti-infective activity, 650–652
general considerations in, 1414–1417 obesity, 1012 bromelain for, 461
hair loss due to, 1357, 1415 protein intake, 1012 chronic fatigue syndrome and chronic, 1231
Hashimoto’s disease, 227–228, 1415, 1420 sugar intake, 1012, 1012f corneal, 1346t
lifestyle factors and, 1420 vitamins, 1013–1014 foodborne, 369
lifestyle for, 1420 overview of, 1009, 1010f male infertility and, 1463
ovulatory dysfunction and, 1448 peat therapy for, 375 microbial influences, 1768–1769
physiologic/hormonal considerations, 1418 soft tissue manipulation and, 383 respiratory syncytial virus, treatment, 916–917
subclinical, 1417, 1420–1421 stimulation during infection, Echinacea species, 573b rheumatoid arthritis onset and, 1768–1769
diet for, 1420–1421 supplements, 1016 stimulation during, Echinacea species, 573b
supplements for, 1421 Taraxacum officinale, 878 in total load, 270
symptoms of, 1414–1415 therapeutic approach, 1015–1016 Infectious agents, 231–232, 356t–357t, 1422–1424
therapeutic considerations/approaches, 1418–1421 thymus function enhancement for, 1014–1015 Infectious diarrhea, 1422–1430.e2
thyroid hormone replacement for, 1420 Viscum album, 908–909 acupuncture for, 1428–1430
thyrotoxicosis, 1830 Immune system, 157 botanical medicines for, 1427–1428, 1430
Hyssops officinalis, for HIV/AIDS, 1388b antibodies, 157–161 conventional medicines for, 1425
Hysterectomy, 1219 assessment of, 157–165.e1 description, 1422
carotenes/carotenoids in, 446 diagnosis, 1422, 1424
I cell markers, 163t diet for, 1425, 1429
I3C. See Indole-3-carbinol cell measurement, 162–163 general considerations in, 1422
IAA. See Indoleacetic acid clinical symptoms, 164 glutamine for, 636
IAP. See Intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity sickness behavior, 164 homeopathy for, 1428, 1430
IBD. See Inflammatory bowel disease complement and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein hydration/electrolyte balance, 1425
Ibn Ishāq (Johannitus Onan), 393–394 measurement, 161 infectious agents and symptoms, 1422–1424
Ibn Nafīs, 394–395, 395f cytokines, 164, 164t laboratory diagnosis of, 1424
Ibn Rushd (Averroes), 395 dysfunctions of, 743, 1274 probiotics for, 1427
Ibn Sīna (Avicenna), 394, 394f dysregulation of, atopic dermatitis (eczema) and, supplements for, 1425–1427, 1429–1430
IBS. See Irritable bowel syndrome 1149–1151 therapeutic considerations/approaches, 1425–1430
ICAM-1. See Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 effects of attitude, personality, emotions on, 102–103 underlying and predisposing factors, 1425
Idiopathic cyclic edema, 627 endometriosis and, 1288 of underlying factors, 1429
Idiopathic epilepsy, 1296 enhancement, propolis as, 442 Infectious diseases
Ig A anti-tTG (human antitissue transglutaminase), 1210 function of, 94t, 1231, 1231b citicoline (CDP-choline) for, 524–525
IgG4 antibodies, 159 genetic control of, 164, 165f mechanisms of ABO influence on, 355t
IH. See Integrative health lymphocyte subpopulations, 162–163 Infectious processes, 230–232, 231f
IL-6. See Interleukin-6 negative emotional states and, 103 Infertility
Ileal enterocystoplasty, 894 psychoneuroimmunology, 102 ABH secretor and, 348
Illness. See Disease/illness suppression mechanism of, 93 ABO blood type incompatibility and, 348
ILs. See Interleukins testing methods, 157, 157t, 158b associated with xenobiotic burden, 277
Imbalances, 2 Immune tissue, 227–228 peat therapy for, 375
balance/imbalance of apoptosis and mitosis, 111–112, Immune tolerance, loss of, 1168–1169 Inflammation/inflammatory disorders
112f Immunodeficiency, antioxidants for, 747–748 acute, sitz bath for, 326
core clinical, 4–5, 5f Immunoglobulin-A (IgA), 159 asthma and, 1119, 1120f
defence, 3f Immunoglobulin-A nephropathy, 1510–1512 breast, fibrocystic breast disease (FBD) and, 1313–1314
environmental, 3f fish oils for, 608–609 curcumin for, 747
in functional medicine model, 4–5 Immunoglobulin-E (IgE), 159 exercise approaches, 288
genetic predisposition to, 3f allergy serum testing for, 211 fish oils for, 603–604
 INDEX I-27

Inflammation/inflammatory disorders (Continued) Insomnia (Continued) Intestinal epithelium, luminal transport across, 170, 171f
flavonoids for, 616 Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) for, 674 Intestinal parasite, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
gastrointestinal, 231t importance of adequate sleep, 1489–1490 (ADHD) and, 1160
hallmarks of, 165t lifestyle and, 1490, 1492 Intestinal permeability, 166–177.e4
imbalance factors in, 5f melatonin for, 1491–1492 assessment, aspirin and inflammatory bowel disease,
indicators of, 6 and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, in 1478
modulation of inflammation, 925 children, 700–701 factors affecting, 172, 173f
muscle-body messengers and, 287 beta-blockers and, 699 enteric infections, 172, 173t
ocular, 1346t breast cancer and, 703 exposure to xenobiotic pollutants, 173–174
pain with, 333–334 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, 699 food allergies and intolerance, 172
pathways of, in atopic disease, 979 chronic sleep onset, in children, 699 gluten/gliadin, 172
pine bark extract for, 745 in elderly, 698 high-fat diet, 172
quercetin for, 746 in perimenopausal women, 699 nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, 173
regulation of, boron in, 455 primary, magnesium and zinc and, 698–699 proton-pump inhibitors, 173
subclinical, as factor in chronic illness, 19b Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for, 710–711 gastrointestinal and systemic diseases associated with,
vitamin K and, 942–943 nocturnal glucose levels and, 1490 174, 174t
Zingiber officinale (ginger) for, 969–970 normal sleep patterns, 1489 inflammatory bowel disease and, 167
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 1473–1487.e3, 167 prevalence of, 1489f nutraceutical therapies for, 174–175
Bastyr formula for, 1484, 1484b, 1487 progressive relaxation for, 1490 pharmaceutical medications for, 175–177
botanical medicines for, 1482–1487 restless legs syndrome and nocturnal myoclonus, therapeutic considerations for, 174–177
calprotectin correlation with, 231 1491–1492 Intestinal repair and protection, 634, 635f
carrageenan for, 1478 serotonin precursor and cofactor therapy, 1490–1491 Intestinal stasis/motility, 117
causative factors supplements for, 1492 Intestiphagine, 783
aspirin and intestinal permeability, 1478 therapeutic approach for, 1492 Intimal calcification, 937
control of, 1475–1479 therapeutic considerations for, 1490–1492 Intoxication, 479–480
eicosanoid metabolism, 1476–1477 tryptophan for, 1490–1491 treatment of, 480–481
endotoxemia and alternative complement pathway, Valeriana officinalis for, 904–905 Intracellular nutrient analysis, 1040
1478 wet sheet pack for, 327 Intrauterine devices, 1642–1643, 1681
intestinal microflora, 1477, 1477f–1478f Insulin Intravenous chelation therapy, 1148
psychosomatic, 1475 glucose-insulin tolerance test, 1408, 1408t Intravenous ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid chelation
definitions, 1473–1474 improving function and sensitivity, 1281 therapy, 1112
dehydroepiandrosterone for, 565 sensitivity to, 1618–1619 Intrinsic factor, 156
diet for, 1487 for treatment of acne vulgaris/acne conglobata, 1058 Invasive mechanistic intervention, 84
etiology, 1474–1475 vitamin K and, 942–943 Iodine, 199–200, 1316–1317, 1418–1419, 1448
antibiotic exposure, 1474–1475 Insulin action abnormalities, in PCOS, 1695 deficiency of, 200, 1415
dietary, 1475, 1475t Insulin-like growth factor-1, for sarcopenia, 1795 excess, 200
genetic predisposition, 1474 Insulin resistance for osteoporosis, 1651–1652
gut dysbiosis, 1474 cancer and, 973–974 in pregnancy, 1733–1734
immune mechanisms, 1475 in PCOS, 1695 supplementation, 200, 1403
extraintestinal manifestations, 1478–1479 pyrroloquinoline quinone and, 834 urinary, 1459t
general considerations in, 1473–1475 Insulin-sensitizing medications, for osteoporosis, 1641 Iodine-deficiency disorders, 1733–1734
malnutrition in, 1479, 1479b Intact protein absorption, for glandular therapy, 302 Iodized salt, 1401
minerals for, 1480–1481 Integration of treatment Ipe roxo, 868–872.e2
monitoring and evaluation, 231, 1486 for fibromyalgia syndrome, 1324, 1327 Iritis, 1346t
children, 1486b placebo initiators in, 88 Iron, 200–202, 201t, 1014, 1076, 1101
fecal calprotectin, 231 trends in, 86 for ASD, 1183
nutritional deficiencies and, 1479, 1479t Integration Project, 14 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and,
pathogenesis of, 1474f Integrative health (IH), 389–390 1160
probiotics and, 817 Intention, direct effects of, 389 dietary sources of, 1106t
propolis for, 442 Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), 17b distribution of, 1101f
psoriasis and, 1758 Intercellular junctional complexes, 168, 168f hair mineral analysis for, 152
remission and relapse rates, 1486t Interferon, discovery of, 308 recommended dietary allowances for, 1106t
supplements for, 1487 Interleukin-6 (IL-6), 1078 red blood cell analysis, 196–197
therapeutic considerations/approaches, 1475–1487 activity, modulation of, Hypericum perforatum (St. Iron deficiency (anemia), 115, 201, 1101–1102,
Inflammatory conditions, polyunsaturated fatty acids John’s wort) in, 672 1101f–1102f, 1386, 1571–1572, 1771
and, 591 for sarcopenia, 1791–1792 supplements for, 1107
Inflammatory foods, for endometriosis, 1291 Interleukins (ILs) Iron supplementation
Inflammatory leukotrienes, psoriasis and, 1759 IL-6, 287, 291 for female infertility, 1448–1449
Inflammatory markers, of mold exposure, 211 IL-15, 287, 291 hair mineral analysis for, 152
Inflammatory processes, 230–232, 231f Intermittent claudication, hypoglycemia and, 1410 for hepatitis viruses, 1366
Inhibition technique, for soft tissue manipulation, 384t Intermittent fasting, 1036 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1481
Injectable Depo-Provera, 1642–1643 Internal medicine, acupuncture and, 253 toxicology of, 1669, 1673
Injuries International Classification of Diseases Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), 1496–1506.e2, 227–228
brain, 639 9th Edition, 232 botanical medicines for, 1499–1502, 1503t–1504t
burns, 463, 638 10th edition, 904 considerations for, 1496
head, 521–522 International Prostate Symptom Score, 1190–1191, 1191f counseling for, 1506
repetitive strain injuries, 1203 Interstitial cystitis. See Cystitis/interstitial cystitis/painful diagnostic summary for, 1496, 1497f
spinal cord, 892 bladder syndrome diet for, 1497–1499, 1502
Inner Hygiene: Constipation and the Pursuit of Health in Interval training dietary FODMAPs, 1499, 1500t
Modern Society (Whorton), 38 heart and vascular system and, 290 endometriosis and, 1295f
Inonotus obliquus, 684 high-intensity, 284, 286 exercise for, 1502
Inositol Intestinal alkaline phosphatase activity (IAP), 347 food allergies, 1497–1498
affective disorders and, 1075–1076 Intestinal bacterial milieu, 1495 galactooligosaccharides and, 804
for fibrocystic breast disease, 1317 Intestinal barrier herbal formulas for, 1499–1501
for PCOS, 1703 components of, 166–170, 167f melatonin for, 701
Inositol hexaniacinate, for lowering cholesterol, 1141 biochemical barrier, 169 Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for, 711
Inositol hexaphosphate, 1526 immunological barrier, 169–170 Mentha piperita (peppermint) for, 714
Insomnia microbiological barrier, 166–167 miscellaneous considerations for, 1501–1502
agents, interfere with sleep, 1489t physical barrier, 167–169 nutritional supplements for, 1499
botanicals, 1492 function, assessment of, 170–172 pathophysiology, 1497f
causes of, 1489t active, 170–171 pathophysiology of, 1498f
diagnostic summary of, 1488 passive, 171–172 physical medicine for, 1502
exercise for, 1490 strengthen, 811 physical therapy for, 1506
factors associated with, 1490f Intestinal brush border damage, 229 probiotics and, 816–817, 818t
5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) for, 665, 1491 Intestinal disorders, 979 psychological factors of, 1501–1502, 1505f
I-28 INDEX

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (Continued) Kidney disease (Continued) Laboratory testing (Continued)
Rome IV Criteria, 1497b risk factors for, 1509 signs of infection and inflammation, 333
sugar, 1498–1499 supplements for, 1517 for urticaria (hives), 1831–1832
supplement for, 1502 therapeutic approach for, 1513–1514, 1517 Labor/childbirth
therapeutic approach for, 1502–1506 Kidney effects, of Angelica species, 431 pain management, 340–341
Irritants, cystitis and, 1250 Kidney stones, 1518–1527.e3, 1519f acupuncture, 343–344, 344t
Isaacs, Alick, 308 for acute obstruction, 1527 psychological strategies, 341
Iscador, 907 for bushite and struvite stones, 1527 transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation,
Ischemia, 520–521, 623f for calcium stones, 1527 342–343, 343t
Ischemic compression, for soft tissue manipulation, 384t for cystine stones, 1527 Read method, 341
Ischemic optic neuropathy, citicoline (CDP-choline) diagnostic summary for, 1518 woman’s regard of pain during, 339–340
for, 523 lifestyle and, 1526 Lactase deficiency, 183–184
Islamic genius, 391 for magnesium-ammonium-phosphate stones, 1527 Lactase nonpersistence, 183
Islamic medicine, torchbearers of, 393–394, 394f stone composition, 1519–1520, 1521t mutations, 183–184
Isoflavones, 856, 856f, 857t, 858f, 1838 stone formation, 1519, 1519f Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH), 182–183
absorption, metabolism, excretion of, 858 diet and, 1521–1526 Lactate, 294–295
classification of, 856–857 gut flora, 1522 exercise and, 287
content of, 857 lifestyle and, 1526 Lactation, 299
for endometriosis, 1291 nutrients and, 1522–1525 Lactic acid, 239
Isolated myopathy, coenzyme Q10 deficiency and, 527 vitamin C, 1526 for ASD, 1183
Isometric tests, resisted, 334 surgical removal, 1527 Lactobacillus, 232, 1427, 1429–1430
Isopathic preparations, 314 therapeutic approach for, 1526–1527 glyphosate and, 219
Isotypes, 157 treatment/prevention, botanical medicines, 1525–1526 Lactobacillus acidophilus, 1224
Isovalerylglycine, 243 for uric acid stones, 1527 Lactoferrin, for streptococcal pharyngitis, 1816
Itch (psora), 28 vitamin K and, 942–943 Lactose intolerance, microbial enzyme therapy for, 719
Ivy (Hedera helix), 1127, 1129, 1198 weight control and carbohydrate metabolism and, Lactose malabsorption testing, 182–186.e2
1522 acquired (secondary) lactase deficiency, 183
J Kidneys/renal system adult-type (primary) lactose deficiency, 183
Jackfruit seeds. See Artocarpus integrifolia functions, physiology of, 1507–1508, 1508f congenital lactase deficiency, 183–184
Jamaican dogwood (Piscidia piscipula), 1525 nephropathies, 1274, 1284 diagnosis of lactose intolerance, 184–186
Javanese turmeric (Curcuma xanthorrhiza), 554 renal disease, 497 blood testing, 186
Jenner, Edward, 310 calcium oxalate formation, 895 breath testing, 185–186
Jennings, Isaac, 293 carnitine for, 497 empirical testing (elimination of milk products), 184
Jetlag, melatonin for, 698 chronic, 18b genomic testing, 186
Jie Geng Wan, 506 diabetic nephropathy, 1274, 1284 nutritional history, 184, 184b–185b
Jing Kui Yao Lue Fang Lun, 506 fish oils for, 608–609 versus other sugar intolerances, 186
John Bastyr College of Naturopathic Medicine, 45 immunoglobulin-A nephropathy, 608–609 stool testing, 184
Johns Hopkins University, 30 light chain levels in urine with, 161 tissue sampling, 186
Joints renal function, 753 digestion of, 183f
osteoarthritis of, 1622t impaired, 990, 996 intolerance, 182t, 184b
passive movement tests, 334 toxicity, 189 versus dairy allergy, 184
pathological end-feel, 334 Killer cell activity, 1012b over-the-counter and prescription drugs containing, 185b
vitamin K for healthy, 942–943 Kinesiology, applied, 138–139 pathophysiology of, 182–183
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis, 602 Klebsiella, 1224 sources of, 184b
Journal of Naturopathic Medicine, “The Process of Healing, Kloss, Jethro, 42 Lactulose, 115, 170, 805–807
a Unifying Theory of Naturopathic Medicine”, 14 Kneading technique, 384t clinical applications, 805–807
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 285 Kneipp, Fr. Sebastian, 25, 31, 35, 317 calcium and magnesium absorption, 807
Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA), Kneipp and Nature Cure Sanatorium, 31 colon cancer prevention, 806
38–39, 605, 607 Kneipp Institute, 31 constipation, 806
Journal of the American Naturopathic Association, 57 Kneipp Societies, 32 endotoxemia, 806–807
Juglans nigra (black walnut), 1495 Kneipp Water Cure Monthly, 25, 31 hepatic encephalopathy, 806
Juice fast, 379–380 Kneipp’s Water-cure, 29 lactobacilli and bifidobacterial growth, 805–806
Juices, yeast problem with, 1177 Knoop, Georg Franz, 588 pathogenic microorganisms inhibition, 806
Jujube plum (Zizyphi fructus), 1128 Korostyshevsky, David, 68 urinary tract infections, 807
Junctional tachycardia, Taxus brevifolia for, 881 Kruger, H., 45 commercial forms, 805
Just, Adolph, 31, 36 KS. See Kaposi sarcoma dosage, 807
Kudzu toxicity, 807
Pueraria lobata, 1088 Lactulose-mannitol test, 1771
K Pueraria mirifica, 1564 Lady’s mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris), 1449, 1451
Kabanoanatake, 684
Kuhne, Louis, 35 Lahman, Henry, 36
Kamedis CALM eczema, 1154
“Neo-naturopathy (the new science of healing)”, 36 Lamaze method, 341
Kanuka honey, for rosacea, 1779
Kupperman menopausal index, 512t Lamium album (white deadnettle), 885
Kaph (biologic water), 259
Kynurenic acid, 242 Lancet, 87, 95, 332
constitutional type, 259
Kynurenine, 242 Langerhans cells, 373
Kaph Dosha, 259
Lanosterol, for cataracts, 1811
Kaposi sarcoma (KS), 881, 1385–1386
L Lapacho, 868–872.e2
Karyotyping, 1459t
L. reuteri, 235 Lapachol, 869f
Kavalactones, 792t, 793–794
LA. See Linoleic acid Larazotide acetate, 175
Kawaratake, 683f
Laboratory testing Large intestine
Kawarihiratake, 687–688
assessment of oxidative stress, 735–736 digestive physiology, 229
Kegel exercise, for overactive bladder, 1540
complete blood count, 298 role of, 229
Kellogg, John Harvey, 37
in detecting xenobiotic-induced health problems, Laribactor hong-kongensis, 1424
Keloids, 503–504
278–279 Laser therapy, 942–943
Kelp, 360t
Lateral bending assessment, 336
α-Keto acids, 242 determination of vitamin status, 178–181.e2, 179f,
Laudanum (tincture of opium), 267
α-Ketoisocaproic acid, 242 179t
Lauric acid, 131
α-Ketoisovaleric acid, 242 for fibromyalgia syndrome, 1324
Lauterwasser, Charles, 31
α-Keto-β-methylvaleric acid, 242 for HIV positive patients, 1376–1377
for hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease, 1402 Law of Cure, 310
Ketone bodies, 293–294
Law of Similars, 28, 307, 310
α-Ketophenylacetic acid, 243 for hyperventilation syndrome/breathing pattern
disorders, 1004 Laws of natural living, 85
Khella (Ammi visnaga), 1111, 1525
for inflammatory bowel disease, 1486b Laxation effect of fiber, 979
Khya (to know), 258
for male infertility, 1459t Laxatives
Kidney disease, 1507–1517.e2
mineral status evaluation, 193–207.e6 for constipation, 1248–1249, 1249t, 1249b
diagnostic summary for, 1507
for porphyrias, 1709–1710 effects, of Aloe vera (Cape aloe), 423
environmental exposure and, 1509–1510
rheumatoid arthritis findings, 1770–1771 L-citrulline, 1398
prevalence of, 1508–1509, 1508f
 INDEX I-29

LCT gene, 183 Ligaments, 334 Loop diuretics, for osteoporosis, 1641–1642
LDL. See Low-density lipoprotein Ligand-like complex (LLC), 354 Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP), 1219
L-Dopa, 1670 Ligands, 1305 Los Angeles College of Chiropractic, 43
Lead Lignans, 1838 Lotus tetragonolobus, 355
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, 1158 for endometriosis, 1291 Lovastatin, niacin and, 1140, 1140t
exposure, 189 Limbrel (flavocoxid), 1629, 1631 “Low arousal states”, 99–100
in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t Limonene, for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1342 Low-birth-weight infants, glutamine for, 638
toxicity of, 276, 1104 Lindenmann, Jean, 308 Low-density lipoprotein (LDL), 418
as water contaminants, 272 Lindlahr, Henry, 36, 39, 41, 43, 52 Low-fiber diet, 363b
Leaky gut tests, 1079 connection to Lust, 36 Low-glycemic vegetables, 1872
Learning ability, 517–518 elements of determinants of health, 22 Low-level laser therapy (LLLT), 1204
Leavened foods, yeast problem with, 1177 “How I became acquainted with nature cure”, 36 Low mood, Unani medicine for, 406
Lecithin (phosphatidylcholine), 1334 therapeutic progression, 12–13, 50 Low-purine alkaline-ash diet, 1352
Lectures in Naturopathic Hydrotherapy (Boyle and Saine), 327 water treatment of, 317 Low-saturated-fat diets, 1594–1595
Lectures on the Science of Human Life (Graham), 27–28 Lindlahr College, 43 Low-serotonin theory, 1613
Lee, Elmer, 37 Lindner’s test, 336 Lower drive (in homeostasis), 92
LEEP. See Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure Lingual ascorbate test, 178–179 Lower limb assessment, 336
Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), increase of, Lingzhi, 681–682, 681f Lower limb strength testing, for sarcopenia, 1789
coenzyme Q10 for, 529–530 Linoleic acid (LA), 586, 586f, 589 Lower urinary tract symptoms, 1533–1534
Leg symptoms, 336–337 Linum usitatissimum (flaxseed), 1558–1559 diagnosis of, 1536–1539
Legal issues Lipase, 772b differential diagnosis of, 1539
“A Report to the Utah Legislative Council”, 43 Lipid control, melatonin for, 705 pathophysiological pathways to, 1536f
acupuncture practice, 253 Lipid metabolism, improvement of questionnaires, 1536–1539, 1537f–1539f
Kelly v. Carroll, 42 Camellia sinensis (green tea), 468t therapeutic considerations for, 1539–1544
Kuts-Cheraux v. Wilson, 42 Lipid-soluble vitamins, 948–954, 949t LPH. See Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase
laws regulating naturopathic medicine, 46b carotenoids, 950 L-theanine, 466
payment for services, 44 vitamin A, 948–950 L-tyrosine, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) in adjunct
Tennessee State Medical Association, 42 vitamin D, 950–951 with, 663
Legionnaires’ disease, 1197t vitamin E, 951 Lumbar spine assessment, 336–337
Legumes, 1411t vitamin K, 951–952 Luminal antigens, 113, 169
Lentinula edodes (Shiitake mushroom), 687, 687f Lipids/lipid disorders, 115, 228, 1281t Lung cancer
for HIV/AIDS, 1388b Commiphora mukul, 541–542 boron for, 455–456
Leonorus cardiaca (motherwort), 1294 decrease of, with soy protein, 861 soy protein and, 864–865
Leprosy, 504 lipid-soluble vitamins, 948–954 Lungs/respiratory system
Leptin, 1299–1300 malabsorption of, 115 autonomic innervation of lung and somatic (motor)
Leukemia, 881 Lipodystrophy, 1386 nerve, 1006f
Leukoplakia, 1528–1529.e1, 223, 224t Lipoic acid, 1583, 1586 bromelain for, 462
antioxidants for, 1529 Lipotropic factors, 1292, 1335, 1836, 1839 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 17b
curcumin for, 1529 Lipotropic formulas, 1223 effects of disorders of, 1002f
diagnostic summary for, 1528 Lipoxygenase, 732 lung cancer, 740
lycopene for, 1529 Liquid chromatography-MS/MS, 1031, 1032f phage therapy for infections of, 785
supplements for, 1529 Lithium, 206, 1076 respiratory syncytial virus, 916–917
vitamin A and beta-carotene for, 1528–1529 for ASD, 1181 Lust, Benedict, 11, 25, 31–32, 38, 51, 53
Leukotrienes, 966, 1832b Lithospermum officinale, 1404 death of, 41
Lewis (Le) blood grouping system, 349–350, 349f, 350t Liver enzymes, in fasting, 298 definition of Naturopaths, 34
and ABH secretor system, 349, 350t Liver (bovine) extracts, 1363–1364, 1367 editorials by, 25
CA19-9 and DU-PAN-9 expression in, 353t in glandular therapy, 303, 303t introduction to Naturopathic Profession by, 32–33
as indicators for cellular alterations, 355 Liver/biliary system object of natural healing, 34
nonreducing end of ABH and Lewis blood group biopsies, 180–181 principle of life, 34
antigen determinants, 347f Camellia sinensis (Green tea) for, 467–468, 468t principles, aim, and program of the nature cure
Lice infestations, Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) for, 694 cholecystitis, 654 system, 33–34
Licensure with chronic candidiasis, 1223 program of naturopathic cure, 34–35
acupuncturists, 252–253 cirrhosis, 195, 503, 654, 854 purchased of term naturopathy by, 25
cooperation with regional associations for, 46 digestive physiology, 228 water cure of, 317
for naturopathic medicine, 13 dysfunction of, trans fatty acids and, 591 Lutein, 1547, 1808, 1813
scandals regarding, 42 fatty liver, 1085 LVEF. See Left ventricular ejection fraction
State Licensing of Health Occupations, 44 glutathione, 851 Lycopene, 444f, 444t, 445, 1466, 1472, 1529
U.S. Medical Licensing Exam, 45–46 hepatic cholesterol levels, 967 atherosclerosis and, 1138
Lichen planus, 1530–1532.e1 hepatic detoxification, 1230–1231 for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1193
botanical medicines for, 1531–1532 hepatic function in prostate cancer, 448–449
diagnostic summary of, 1530 in Chinese theory, 254 Lycopodium, 315
etiology, 1530 chronic fatigue syndrome and, 1229–1230 Lycopus species, 1404
incidence, onset, course of, 1531 hepatotoxic botanicals, 1366, 1366b Lymphedema, pancreatic enzymes for, 773–774
intravenous treatment for, 1532 hepatotoxic supplements, 1366 Lymphocyte response testing, 139
oral treatment for, 1532 porphyrias of, 1708b Lymphocyte subpopulations, 162–163
photodynamic therapy for, 1531 LLC. See Ligand-like complex B cells, 163, 163t
supplements and botanical medicines for, 1531–1532 LLLT. See Low-level laser therapy CD4 T helper subsets, 162–163
topical treatment for, 1532 Loading test (vitamin C), 178–179 monocytes and neutrophils, 163
variants of, 1530 Lobelia inflata (Indian tobacco), 677–678.e1, 266 natural killer cells, 163
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), for gastroesophageal reflux for asthma treatment, 1127, 1129 regulatory T cells, 162t, 163
disease, 1342 central nervous system effects of, 678 T-cells, 162
Life span, 453 chemical composition of, 677, 677f Lymphocytes, 93, 853
Lifestyle clinical applications of, 678 Lymphogranuloma venereum, 1753
benign prostatic hyperplasia and, 1192, 1195 description of, 677 Lysine, 1370
homocysteine metabolism and, 986 dosage of, 678 Lytic life cycle, 779
kidney stones and, 1526 drug interactions with, 678
overactive bladder and, 1543 gastrointestinal effects of, 677–678 M
in total load, 270 history and folk use of, 677 Maca peruvianum (maca), 1562
trichomoniasis and, 1819 history of, 27 Macadamia nuts, 131
Lifestyle factors for pneumonia and bronchitis, 1201 MacFadden, Bernarr, 37, 39
endometriosis and, 1287 respiratory effects of, 677 Macrominerals, 195–199
for immune support, 1011, 1012b toxicology of, 678 Macula, 1545
recommendations for Alzheimer’s disease, 1099 Lobeline, 677, 677f Macular degeneration, 1545–1548.e2
for risk of osteoporosis, 1636 Local steam inhalation, 330 botanical medicines for, 1548
Lifestyle recommendations, for atherosclerosis, 1148 Long-chain fatty acids, 492f diagnostic summary for, 1545
I-30 INDEX

Macular degeneration (Continued) Male infertility (Continued) Maternal drug use, attention deficit hyperactivity disor-
diet for, 1546 procyanidolic oligomers (procyanidins) for, 827 der (ADHD) and, 1158
dry age-related, 1545 radiation exposure, 1461 Maternal vegan, 1717
exercise for, 1548 scrotal temperature, 1458–1459 Matricaria chamomilla, 1492
procyanidolic oligomers for, 828 semen Matricin, 434f
wet age-related, 1546 analysis, 1455t–1457t Matrix Gla protein (MGP), 925
Mad cow disease, 789 terminology, 1454t Matrix metalloproteinases, 374
Magistral approach, phage therapy and, 777 spermatogenesis, 1454 MBCT. See Mindfulness based cognitive therapy
Magnesium, 196–197, 1047–1048, 1076 supplements for, 1465–1472 MBSR. See Mindfulness-based stress reduction
absorption, lactulose and, 807 therapeutic approach/considerations, 1454–1463, McKenzie, Robin, 333, 335
for acute asthma attacks, 1130 1471–1472 MDT. See Mechanical diagnosis and treatment
for alcohol detoxification/treatment, 1087 treatable conditions, 1454 Meadow saffron. See Colchicum autumnale
for angina, 1111 untreatable male sterility, 1457 Mean pressure/pain threshold, in fibromyalgia syndrome,
as antioxidant, 741 untreatable subfertility, 1457 1325
atherosclerosis and, 1146 Malnutrition, 17b, 1440, 1479, 1479b Measles, 916
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, 1160 Malonyl-CoA, 589 Meat, ASD and, 1178
boron and, 454 Manas (soundness of mind), 260 Meat intake, 362, 911t, 922t–923t
for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1233 Maneb, 1668 Mechanical diagnosis and treatment (MDT), 333, 335
for congestive heart failure, 1237–1238 Manganese, 202, 1307 Mechanism (reductionism), 80–81
for constipation, 1248 as antioxidant, 736 Mecuna pruriens (velvet bean), 1471–1472
deficiency, 1022t contraindications, 1673 Medial calcification (Monckeberg’s arteriosclerosis),
development, 1024–1025 for diabetes management, 1279 937–938
for diabetes management, 1279 for epilepsy, 1303 Mediators of illness
for epilepsy, 1302–1303, 1307 hair mineral analysis for, 151–152 biochemical, 6
for female infertility, 1449 for osteoporosis, 1650 cognitive, 6b
for glaucoma, 1347 for rheumatoid arthritis, 1773–1774 in functional medicine model, 6
hair mineral analysis for, 151 toxicology of, 1668–1669 host-derived, 5–6
for HIV/AIDS, 1384b Manipulation, 331–338.e2 Medical dominance
for hypertension, 1395–1396 choosing direction to move, 334–335 arises, 68–69
for inflammatory bowel disease, 1480–1481, 1487 historical perspective for, 331–332 short course in, 52–53
for insomnia, 1491 indications/contraindications for, 333–335 American exceptionalism, 52–53
kidney stone formation and, 1522–1524 infection/inflammation/illness, 333 the “great trade”, 52
for kidney stones, 1527 movement versus rest, 333–334 Medical education, integration in, 50–51
for migraine headaches, 1582–1583, 1586 neurologic disorder or deficit, 333 Medical profession in United States
for osteoporosis, 1647–1648 safety of patient movement, 333 branches of medicine, 44
for PCOS, 1702 signs of fracture, 333 history of, 26–27
for premenstrual syndrome, 1743, 1747 signs of neoplasm, 333 Medical research, integration in, 51
testing for, 1024 performing, 338 Medications
Magnesium-ammonium-phosphate stones, 1527 preparation for, 338 adverse effects of, 1711b
Magnesium Deficiency in the Pathogenesis of Disease, 1024 pretreatment assessment, 335–337 dynamic effect of, 28
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) cervical spine, 335–336, 335f enteric-coated, 1224–1225
for sarcopenia, 1791 functional assessment, 335 gastroesophageal reflux disease and, 1339, 1339t
use in functional medicine matrix model, 6 lumbar spine and sacroiliac joint, 336–337 hair loss due to, 1356, 1356t
Mahad (cosmic intellect), 258 reassessment after, 338 metabolism-impairing, 1328
Mahonia aquifolium, 1764 schools of thought in, 332–333 Medicinal mushrooms, 679–692.e6
Maitake (Grifola frondosa, Hen of the Woods), 684–685 allopathic, 332 Agaricus blazei (Kawarihiratake, Himematsutake),
Malabsorption Bonesetters of England, 332 687–688
characterization of, 229 chiropractic, 332 Agaricus species, 360t
of fats/lipids, 115 naturopathic, 332 Chaga (Inonotus obliquus, Kabanoanatake), 684
markers of, 237 osteopathic, 332 chemical composition of, 679–681
of proteins, 115 physical therapy, 333 ergosterol, 680, 681f
Maladaptation, 18b selective tissue tension tests, 334 ergothioneine, 681, 681f
Malaria therapeutic keys for performing, 331 phenolic compounds, 680, 681f
Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) for, 438, 439f thrust direction/velocity/amplitude, 338 polysaccharides, 679–680, 680f
fish oils for, 608 treatment concepts, 337–338 triterpenoids, 680, 680f
Malas (excretions), 257, 260 art of manipulation, 337 Cordyceps (C. sinensis, C. militaris, Caterpillar fungus,
Malassezia species, 1804 barrier concepts, 337–338 dong chong xia cao), 682–683
Maldigestion, 1066 joint motion, 337, 337f description of, 679
Male infertility, 1453–1472.e7 troubleshooting, 338 drug interactions with, 690
botanical medicines for, 1470–1472 Mannitol, 170 Enokitake (Flammulina velutipes), 688
carotenes/carotenoids in, 446 Mantra recitation, 1007b fire sponge (Phellinus linteus, Phellinus igniarius,
coenzyme Q10 for, 532–533 Manual manipulation, 1204 Mesima, Willow bracket), 689, 689f
description, 1453 Manufacturers, FDA on, 724 for immune support, 1015
diagnosis, 1453–1454 MAO. See Monoamine oxidase introduction to, 679
andrology assessment, 1454 MAOA. See Monoamine oxidase A Lentinula edodes (shiitake mushroom), 1388b
endocrinologic assessment, 1458t MAOB. See Monoamine oxidase B Lion’s Mane (Hericium erinaceus, Yamabushitake,
fertility inquiry, 1458t Marginal biotin deficiency, 1730 Hedgehog Mushroom), 686–687, 686f
general assessments, 1459t Marijuana. See Cannabis Maitake (Grifola frondosa, Hen of the Woods),
physical examination, 1458t Marrubium species (horehound), 360t 684–685
reproductive assessment, 1454 Marshmallow root. See Althea officinalis Pleurotus ostreatus (Hiratake, píng gū), 685–686, 685f
semen analysis, 1454 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, 103, 103f, 104t Psilocybe spp., 690, 690f
of sperm, 1464f Mass, breast, fibrocystic breast disease (FBD) and, purchasing, 690
diet for, 1463–1465, 1472 1313 red belted polypore (Fomitopsis pinicola), 688–689,
environmental toxin exposure, 1460 Mass spectrometry, 212–213, 213t 688f
assessment for, 1461 Massage, 345, 384, 384t, 1672–1673 Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum, G. applanatum, G. tsugae,
route of, 1461 therapy, for affective disorders, 1071 Lingzhi), 681–682, 681f
estrogen and xenoestrogen exposure, 1459–1460 Mast cell mediators, 1823b research in, 691t–692t
general considerations in, 1453–1454 Mast cells, 1690 Shiitake (Lentinula edodes), 687, 687f
general measures for, 1472 Mastalgia, 1314 toxicology of, 690
heavy metal exposure, 1461 Mastic (Pistacia lentiscus), 1687 Turkey tail (Trametes versicolor, Coriolus versicolor,
impotence and, 831 for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1342 Kawaratake, Yun Zhi), 683f
improving sperm-controlling/damaging factors, Mastitis, probiotics and, 818 Witch’s butter (Tremella fuciformis, Tremella aurantia,
1457–1461 Materia Medica, 266, 310, 345, 403–404 Tremella mesenterica), 689
low sperm counts and decreased sperm motility, ABO blood groups, 359 Medicinal peat baths, 375
498–499 homeopathy, 311–312 combination full bath and peat pack, 378
 INDEX I-31

Medicinal peat baths (Continued) Melatonin (Continued) Menorrhagia (Continued)

hyperthermic, 375–377, 376b prolonged release, in elderly, 698 essential fatty acids for, 1572
partial-immersion, 378, 378b side effects and contraindications of, 707 estimating menstrual blood loss, 1571
peloid, 377b solid tumor cancer therapy and, 703 etiology of, 1570–1571
Medicine, personalized, 140–149.e3 synthesis of, 698f pathologic, 1570t
Medicine in America (Cassedy), 44 for tetraplegia and sleep disruption, 699 prostaglandin metabolism abnormalities, 1571,
Medipractors, 35 for tinnitus, 705 1571f
Meditation, 100, 1306 topical, for breast irradiation dermatitis, 703 thyroid abnormalities, 1571
for affective disorders, 1071 for type 2 diabetes, zinc and, 705 herbal preparations for, 1573
Mediterranean diet, 143, 368, 1772–1773 for ulcerative colitis, 706 nutritional issues of, 1571–1572
atherosclerosis and, 1136–1137 for vascular protection in smokers, 706 psychological considerations for, 1571
for PCOS, 1699 Melissa essential oil (Melissa officianalis), 1860, 1860f therapeutic considerations/approaches for,
Medium-chain triglycerides, 1619 Melissa officinalis (lemon balm), 709–712.e2, 1571–1574
Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree), 693–696.e1 1370–1371 uterine tonics for, 1573
for acne, 695 antiviral effects of, 710 Men’s issues
for acne vulgaris/acne conglobata, 1060 for anxiety, agitation, insomnia, memory, 710–711 erectile dysfunction, 563–564
bacteria inhibited by, 694t for arterial stiffness, 711 ideal water intake, 960–961
for candidiasis, 1225 for cardiac palpitations, 711 impotence, 831
chemical composition of, 693, 693f chemical composition of, 709, 710f Trichomonas in, 1818, 1819f
clinical applications of, 694–696 citral, 710f Menstrual history, endometriosis and, 1287
for common foot problems, 695–696 clinical applications of, 710–711 Menstruation
for dandruff, 695 description of, 709, 709f amenorrhea, 958
for demodicosis, 695 dosage of, 711 corpus luteum insufficiency, 956, 957t
description of, 693 drug interactions with, 712 dysmenorrhea, 901
dosage of, 696 for dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome, 711 idiopathic cyclic edema, 627
drug interactions with, 696 for herpes simplex virus, 710 intercourse during, 1681
for fungal nail infections, 696 history and folk use of, 709 Mental constitutions, 260
fungi inhibited by, 695t for hyperlipidemia, 711 Mental disorders, impact of homocysteine metabolism
history and folk use of, 693–694 for hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease, 1404 on, 995
for lice infestations, 694 for infantile colic, 711 Mental function, Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort)
for oral infections, 695 pharmacology of, 709–710 for, 674
pharmacology of, 694 for premenstrual syndrome, 711 Mental health, citicoline (CDP-choline) for, 524
for seborrheic dermatitis, 1806 for radiation protection, 711 Mental performance
for skin infections, 694 sedative effects of, 710 impaired, 623–624
tea tree oil, 1060 thyroid effects of, 710 improvement, 504
toxicity of, 696 toxicology of, 711 Mental stressors, in total load, 270
for trichomoniasis treatment, 1819–1820 Membrane-proliferative glomerulonephritis, 1510 Mentha piperita (peppermint), 713–715.e1
for vaginal infections, 696 Membrane stabilization, 614 antispasmodic effects of, 714
for vaginitis, 1845 Membranous nephropathy, 1510 carminative effects of, 714
Melaleuca leucadendron (oral tea tree solution), 1388b Memory chemical composition of, 713, 713f
Melancholic temperament, 398t exercise for, 292 for cholelithiasis, 714–715
Melasma, 647 Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for, 710–711 choleretic effects of, 714
Melatonin, 697–708.e3, 992, 1068, 1233–1234 Memory decline, 789 clinical applications of, 714–715
for acute sleep, 698 Memory function for common cold, 715
for Alzheimer’s disease, 704 carnitine/L-carnitine for, 496 description of, 713
for atopic dermatitis, in children, 706 citicoline (CDP-choline) for, 517–518 dosage of, 715
for autism/fragile X syndrome, 700 Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) for, 643 drug interactions with, 715
biorhythms and, 372 senile depression and age-related memory defect, in endoscopy and colonoscopy, 715
BMI, fluoxetine, and postmenopausal women and, 706 496–497 external analgesic effects of, 714–715
for cancer, 702–703 Men, soy protein effects on, 860 for headache, 715
in cataract surgery, 706 Menaquinone (vitamin K2), coenzyme Q10 and, 536 history and folk use of, 713
for cataracts, 1811 Mennell, James, 332 for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), 714
for chronic fatigue syndrome, 700 Mennell, John, 332 for nonulcer dyspepsia, 714
clinical applications of, 698–706 Menopause, 1549–1569.e5, 512–513 pharmacology of, 713–714
for depression, 703–704 benefits of, 1550–1551 toxicology of, 715
dosage of, 706–707, 707t–708t botanical medicines for, 1561–1564, 1561t, 1569 Mercury (Hg), 191–192, 1416–1417, 1603
drug interactions with, 707 breast cancer and, 1554–1557 atherosclerosis and, 1135
for epilepsy, 1303–1304, 1307 conventional medications for, 1564–1565 concentrations of fatty acids in fish, 595t
in children, 700 dehydroepiandrosterone for, 563 exposure to, 189, 191–192
for fertility, 703 depression in, melatonin for, 703–704 in fish, 1736
for fibromyalgia, 699–700 diagnosis of, 512t as medicine, 266
for functional dyspepsia, 701 diagnostic summary for, 1549 Mercury exposure, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t
for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 701–702, diet for, 1568 Mercury-induced neurotoxicity, 276
1341–1342 hormone therapy for, 1565–1568 Mercury toxicity, 609
for headache, 704–705 hot flashes, 1558 Meriva, 557, 558t
for insomnia, 1491–1492 lifestyle for, 1569 Mesima, 689, 689f
and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, in major symptoms of, 1557 Meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), 191, 192t
children, 700–701 nutrition for, 1557–1559 Messenger RNA (mRNA), 372
beta-blockers and, 699 Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng) for, 762 Metabolic acidosis, 1639
breast cancer and, 703 perimenopause evaluation, 1567–1568 Metabolic disorders, 987f, 1350b
and chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, 699 procyanidolic oligomers (procyanidins) for, 827 citicoline (CDP-choline) for, 525
chronic sleep onset, in children, 699 supplements for, 1560–1561 Inborn Errors of Metabolism (Garrod), 143
in elderly, 698 symptoms of, 1550–1551 Metabolic interventions, 7
in perimenopausal women, 699 therapeutic approach for, 1568 Metabolic syndrome, 826–827, 1263, 1410
primary, magnesium and zinc and, 698–699 treatment overview for, 1557–1565 Capsicum frutescens (cayenne pepper) for, 486–487
for irritable bowel syndrome, 701 Valeriana officinalis for, 905 melatonin for, 705–706
for jetlag, 698 vitamin K for, 937 monounsaturated fats and, 590
for metabolic syndrome, 705–706 Menorrhagia, 1570–1574.e1 Metabolic therapies, 1328
for migraine headaches, 1584 acquired hemorrhagic disorders, 1572t Metabolism
for migraine/tension-type headaches, in children, 701 bioidentical hormones for, 1574 aerobic, 284
in nicotine withdrawal, 706 botanical medicines for, 1572–1574 bacteria of gastrointestinal tract and, 233–234
for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, 706 considerations for, 1570–1571 bone, 615
for Parkinson’s disease, 1671 conventional medicine for, 1571 of carotenes/carotenoids, 444–445
for peptic ulcer disease, 1686 diagnosis of, 1570 of citrus flavonoids, 615
pharmacokinetics of, 697 diet and supplements for, 1574 effects of exercise on, 285
I-32 INDEX

Metabolism (Continued) Microbiome Mineral supplement (in general), for premenstrual

eicosanoid, 614
leptin role in, 1299
metal, 189
regulation of xenobiotic, phytochemical, and carcin-
ogen, 735
of soy isoflavones, 858
of vitamin K, 919–924
Metabolism-impairing medications, 1328
Metabolites
drug abuse testing, 152
of neurotransmitters, 6
as secondary antioxidants, 742
L-carnitine, 742
melatonin, 742
uric acid, 742
Metal/heavy metal toxicity, 187–192.e2, 1811
assessment of, 188
blood analysis, 188
commonly encountered metals, 187
effects of, 1711b
epilepsy and, 1298
fecal metals analysis, 191–192, 192f
hair elemental analysis, 188, 192t
latency of symptom expression, 187–188
retention assessment, 190–191
DMPS, 190–191, 192t
DMSA, 191, 192t
EDTA/Ca-EDTA, 190, 192t
nonpharmaceutical agents, 191
pharmaceutical agents, 190
susceptibility determination, 187
urinalysis, 189–191, 192t
Metallothioneins (MTs), 737
Metastatic breast cancer, melatonin for, 702
Metastatic prostate cancer, melatonin for, 702
Metastatic solid tumors, melatonin for, 702
Metchnikoff, Elie, 37
Methane tests, 113, 185, 1771
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA),
784–785
Methionine, 986–987, 987f
boron and, 454
Methionine synthase (MTR), 1079
Methionine/L-methionine, 1385b
3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), 241
Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), 218t–219t
1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP),
1668
Methylation, for ASD, 1184
Methylation factors, in endometriosis, 1292
Methylation profile, in fertility assessment, 1459t
Methylcobalamin, 986–989, 989f
5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR),
147–148, 1078
2-Methylhippurate, 243
Methylmalonic acid (MMA), 242–243
Methylmercury, 1722
Methyltetrahydrofolate, 987–988, 988f
Methylxanthines, 1315
Methysergide, 666t
Metoprolol, coenzyme Q10 and, 535–536
Mevalonate pathway, schematic representation of,
527f
MGP. See Matrix Gla protein
MHPG. See 3-Methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol
MI. See Myocardial infarction
Miasmas, 310
Microbial enzyme therapy, 716–721.e2
acid-stable fungal enzymes, 716–717
for digestive enzyme deficiencies, 716
for food allergies, 721
for gluten-related disorders, 717–718, 718f
for improving nutrient bioavailability, 719–720
introduction to, 716
for lactose intolerance, 719
for oligosaccharide intolerance, 719
orally administered, absorption of, 720–721
for pancreatic insufficiency and other digestive
disorders, 717
pharmacology of fungal protease, 720–721
for vascular disease, 720
Microbial volatile organic compounds (mVOCs)
definition of, 208
water-damaged buildings and, 209
endometriosis and, 1291 syndrome, 1744
modulation, Enokitake for, 688 Mineral supplementation (in general)
in total load, 270 affective disorders and, 1076
Turkey Tail in, 684 chromium, 1076
Microbiota, 1015, 1016f iron, 1076
in gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1339 lithium, 1076
Microcirculatory disorders, 504–505 magnesium, 1076
Microfold cells, 168 zinc, 1076
Microminerals, 199–204 Ayurvedic pharmaceuticals from, 261–262
Micronutrients for cataracts, 1811
as antioxidants, 738–740 for hypothyroidism treatment, 1419–1420
carotenoids, 740 immune support by, 1014
vitamin C, 738 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1480–1481,
vitamin E, 738–740 1483t
coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone), 740 for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1773
deficiencies of, 1480 for sports nutrition, 1038–1039
drug interactions of, 750 Minerals
homocysteine and, 147–148, 147f metabolism of, 453
safe upper intake levels of, 749t mineral status evaluation and, 194–195, 195f
MicroRNA expression, 1785 Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), 1793
Microwave exposure, atopic dermatitis (eczema) and, Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF),
1154 1794t
Migraine, 227–228 Minimal-change nephropathy, 1510
melatonin for, 704 Miscarriage, 1432–1441, 1436t
Migraine headaches, 1575–1586.e4 Missing Diagnosis, The (Truss), 1220
acupuncture for, 1585 Mitchell, William, 45
biofeedback and relaxation therapy for, 1585 Mitochondrial APT, 1300–1301
botanical medicines for, 1583–1584, 1586 Mitochondrial dysfunction, 734
considerations for, 1575–1577 affective disorders, 1069
conventional treatments for, 1577 marker, 218t–219t
diagnosis of, 1575 in Parkinson’s disease, 1667
diet and supplements for, 1578–1580, 1586 sarcopenia and, 1784
drug reactions of, 1577–1578 Mitochondrial effects of flavonoids, 616–617
etiology of Mitochondrial H2S oxidation pathway, 534f
dietary amines, 1579–1580 Mitochondrial inflammation, in Parkinson’s disease,
diet-related triggers, 1580 1667
food allergy/intolerance, 1578–1579, 1578t–1579t Mitochondrial subcellular interventions, 7
Helicobacter pylori, 1580 Mitosis, 112f, 357
histamine-induced, 1579b MMA. See Methylmalonic acid
medication-overuse headache, 1577–1578 MMPI PSM scale, 103
fish oils for, 606 MNA. See Mini Nutritional Assessment
hormonal therapies for, 1586 MNA-SF. See Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form
5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) for, 665–666 Modak (pills), 261–262
hypoglycemia and, 1410 Modalities of naturopathic medicine, 81b
manual medicine for, 1584–1585 Modern hydrotherapy, 317
melatonin for, 705 Modern Western medicine, Unani medicine compared
in children, 701 to, 392t–393t
pathophysiology of, 1575–1577, 1576f Mold, asthma and, 1122
neuronal disorder, 1577 Mold-containing foods, in treatment of candidiasis,
platelets and serotonin, 1576–1577 1222
unified hypothesis, 1577, 1578f Mold exposure, assessment of, 211–213
vasomotor activity, 1575–1576 challenges of, 208–211
physical medicine and relaxation therapies for, 1584, national and international organizations, 209
1586 symptoms of mycotoxin illness, 209
Tanacetum parthenium for, 874–875 water-damaged buildings, 209–211, 210t–212t
therapeutic considerations/approaches for, 1577–1586 definitions in, 208
triggering factors, 1577b, 1579, 1579t genetics for, 211
Mild cognitive impairment, procyanidolic oligomers IgG/IgE allergy serum testing for, 211
for, 827 inflammatory markers and hormones for, 211
Milgram’s bilateral leg raising test, 336 laboratory testing for, 211–213
“Milieu interieur”, 17b mycotoxin urinary levels for, 211, 213t
Milk intake, in treatment of candidiasis, 1222 proteomics for, 211
Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum), 1088 treatment after, 213–214
Mind-body medicine, 1724–1725 visual contrast sensitivity testing for, 211
acupuncture and, 253 Mold species, 1029
Mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT), Aspergillus, 1029
1070–1071 Fusarium, 1029
Mindfulness-based intervention, in multiple sclerosis, Penicillium, 1029
1598 Stachybotrys, 1029
Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), for cancer, Molecular biology, 779–780
976 Molybdenum, 202–203
Mineral status evaluation, 193–207.e6 Momordica charantia (bitter melon), 1282, 1388b
blood, 193–194 Monardes, Nicholas, 266–267
collection equipment and, 194 Monckeberg’s arteriosclerosis (medial calcification),
disease and, 194–195 937–938
of essential macrominerals, 195–199 Monoamine oxidase (MAO), inhibition of, Hypericum
of essential microminerals, 199–204 perforatum (St. John’s wort) in, 671–672
of hair, 194 Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), 1078
methodology of, 194 Monoamine oxidase B (MAOB), 1078
minerals and, 194–195, 195f Monoclonal antibodies, 158b
potentially essential, 204–206 Monocytes, 163, 1690
preanalytical variables and, 194 Monosaccharides, 1499
specimen collection and, 193–194 Monounsaturated fats, osteoporosis and, 1640
of urine, 194 Monounsaturated fatty acids, 127–128, 130–131
 INDEX I-33

Mood Muscular dystrophies, 498 National College of Naturopathic Medicine, 45

exercise for, 291–292 coenzyme Q10 for, 533–534 National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study (NCCDS),
galactooligosaccharides and, 804–805 Muscular end-feel, 334 1475–1476
polyunsaturated fatty acids and, 591 Mushrooms National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
trans fatty acids and, 591 ASD and, 1177 (NHANES), 216
Morbid symptoms, 84 yeast problem with, 1177 trial, 269
Morbidity, 1605–1606, 1606b Mutagenicity, 750 National Institutes of Health (NIH), 253
“Morphogenetic field”, 88 mVOCs. See Microbial volatile organic compounds National Toxicology Program (NTP), 514
Morphology, of sperm, 1455t–1457t My Water Cure (Kneipp), 317 Natrum muriaticum, 313
Morus indica (mulberry plant), 1281, 1281t Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 461 Natura medicina, 69–71
Motherwort (Leonorus cardiaca), 1294 Mycology, 234 Natural eggshell membrane (NEM), 1626–1627
Motility, of sperm, 1455t–1457t Mycotoxin exposure, 1026–1034.e3 Natural healing, 26–31
Motor function, 963 common, 1029–1030 Natural killer (NK) cells, 94, 163, 416
Mouth, 223 aflatoxin, 1030 Natural living laws, 85
pain, 488 gliotoxin, 1030 Natural medicines, categories of, 85
Movement, 260 ochratoxin, 1030, 1030f Natural medicines quality control, 722–730.e1
new perspective in, 283 fungi, 1026, 1028t abbreviations and definitions in, 722
standards of, 283–288 methods of assessment, 1030–1031 buying decision, 729
MPTP. See 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine ELISA, 1031 comprehensive testing, 726–727
MRI. See Magnetic resonance imaging liquid chromatography-MS/MS, 1031, 1032f contaminant testing, 725–726
MRSA. See Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus mold species, 1029 economically motivated adulteration and, 722, 728
MS. See Multiple sclerosis Aspergillus, 1029 importance of, 724–725
MST. See Multisugar test Fusarium, 1029 laboratory testing and laboratory quality, 727–728
MTBE. See Methyl tert-butyl ether Penicillium, 1029 product expiration date, 726
MTHFR. See 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase Stachybotrys, 1029 stability testing, 726
MTHFR gene, 986 symptoms of, 1026, 1027f state of the industry, 722–723
MTR. See Methionine synthase treatment, 1031–1034 supplier certification and skip lot testing, 727
MTR reductase, 1079 antioxidants, 1032–1033 Natural substances, 23–24
MTs. See Metallothioneins avoidance and remediation, 1031–1032 Nature, 19b, 23
Mucolytics, for pneumonia and bronchitis, 1200 excretion and detoxification, 1032, 1033f versus nurture, 140–141, 143
Mucosal factors, in excretion of sugar probes, 171 fungal, 1033–1034, 1033f Nature, 314
Mucosal immune system, food allergies and, 135 Mycotoxins Nature Cure (Lindlahr), 52, 317
Mucosal immunoglobulin A (IgA), for asthma, 1124 definition of, 208 Nature Cures: The History of Alternative Medicine in
Mucosal protectors, 177 from WHO, 209 America, 38
Mucuna pruriens (velvet bean), 1672 from toxic molds, 210t Nature Cures (Whorton), 39
Mukul myrrh tree. See Commiphora mukul urinary levels of, 211, 213t Nature’s Healing Agents: The Medicines of Nature, 58
Mulberry plant (Morus indica), 1281, 1281t Myocardial infarction (MI), 97, 494, 601–602, Nature’s healing order, 21b
Multimineral formula, for inflammatory bowel disease, 963–964 Nature’s Path, 39
1482, 1482t Myoclonus, nocturnal, 1491–1492 Naturopath, 39
Multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS), 1227–1228 Myofascial pain dysfunction, 99 Naturopath and Herald of Health, The, 25, 32, 40
Multiple sclerosis (MS), 1587–1599.e3, 477 Myofascial trigger points, 1324 Naturopathic Institute and Sanatorium of California, 37–38
botanical medicines for, 1597 Myokines, 287 “Naturopathic Legislation and Education”, 42
brain image, 1588f Myopathy, peat therapy for, 374 Naturopathic medicine, 11, 48
considerations for, 1587–1590, 1588t Myostatin acute and chronic concerns in, 21
diagnosis of, 1587, 1590–1591, 1591t as negative regulator of muscle mass, 1785 allostatic model, 18b
diet and supplements for, 1594–1598 sarcopenia, 1792–1794 AMA and President Truman, 60
epidemiology of, 1588 MyPlate, 364 beginning of, 49–51
exercise for, 1597–1599 Myrtle berry, 1573 beginning of the end, 69–73
mind-body intervention, 1598 back to education, 69–71
natural medicine for, 1594 N back to Texas, 71–73
nutritional supplements for, 1595–1597, 1599 NA. See Nervonic acid Texas medical wars, 69
pancreatic enzymes for, 774 N-acetylcysteine (NAC), 1073–1075, 1813 conflicts in, 23
pathogenesis of, 1588–1589 as antioxidants, 741 decision making in, 15
risk factors for, 1589–1590 for chronic kidney disease, 1515 definition of, 13, 24
diet, 1589–1590 for endometriosis, 1293 directory of drugless physicians, 36
environment, 1589–1590 for HIV/AIDS, 1385b early 20th century of, 51–52
genes, 1589 for pneumonia and bronchitis, 1200 Benedict Lust, 51
geographical and seasonal influences, 1589 N-acetylglucosamine, glucosamine sulfate versus, drugless healing, 51, 53
gut microbiome, 1590 629–630, 630f nature cure and vital force, 52
infections, 1589 NADA. See National Acupuncture Detoxification naturopathy and chiropractic, 51–52
toxins and toxicants, 1590 Association the end, 73–79
stress and, 1598 NADH. See Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 1955 to 1957, 76
management therapy, 1598 NAET. See Nambudripad’s Allergy Elimination Tech- back to Texas medical wars, 75–76
reduction, 1599 niques dismal state of affairs, 79
therapeutic considerations/approaches for, NAFLD. See Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease finished at WSC, 74–75
1591–1599 Nail changes, with hypothyroidism, 1415 Florida saga begins, 77–78
Multiplex sIgE testing, 138 Nail infections, fungal, Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) part 2, 74
Multisugar test (MST), 170–171 for, 696 Utah, 78
limitations of, 171 Nambudripad’s Allergy Elimination Techniques (NAET), Washington State under siege, 78–79
Multivitamins, for inflammatory bowel disease, 1482, 139 enter the class of 1953, 60–61
1482t, 1487 Narcolepsy, 500 firming the curriculum, 57
Murphy, L. R., 45 Nasal saline, for bacterial sinusitis, 1187 Foundations of Naturopathic Medicine Institute, 14
Musa sapientum var. paradisiaca (plantain), 1687 Nasal steroids, for bacterial sinusitis, 1187 genesis of post-WWI professionalism of, 52–55
Muscle atrophy, 1801–1802 National Acupuncture Detoxification Association evolution of profession, 53–54
Muscle cramping, 499–500 (NADA), 252 leader of NDs in Washington, 54–55
Muscle relaxants, 1254 National Association of Naturopathic Physicians, 44 short course in medical dominance, 52–53
Muscle strains, hamstring, 374 National Asthma Education and Prevention Program time to build a profession, 53
Muscles (NEAPP), 1119t headwinds, 62–67
abnormal end-feel, 334 National Board of Naturopathic Examiners of the ANA, more basic science, 64–65
changes with hypothyroidism to, 1415 40 and repercussions, 64
differentiation, 1802 National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and revisiting basic science, 63
fish oils for health of, 609 Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM), 251–252, 255 and scandals, 63–64
nocturnal myoclonus, 1491–1492 National Chiropractic Association (NCA), 60 healing process in, 16f
regeneration, 1802 National Chiropractic Journal, The, 64 history of, 48–79.e4, 11–12
strength assessment, 1789–1790 National College of Chiropractic, 41–42 American Medical Association, 40–44
I-34 INDEX

Naturopathic medicine (Continued) Nervonic acid (NA), 130–131 Nonradical oxidants, 732–733
convergence with American influences, 36–38 Nervous system Nonsmall cell lung cancer, melatonin for, 702
conversion to naturopathy, 82 autonomic nervous system, 93 Nonsmall cell metastatic lung cancer, melatonin for, 702
decline in U.S., 40 central nervous system, 98 Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), 173,
early-20th-century medicine, 38–44 manipulation of neural structures, 385 1771
emergence of, 25 parasympathetic nervous system, 93 for asthma, 1122
founding of, 31–38 peripheral nervous system, 98 kidney disease and, 1510, 1511f
Germanic influence on, 35–36 sympathetic nervous system, 93 for urticaria, 1826
History of Naturopathic Medicine, 46 Neural reflex, for overactive bladder, 1540 Nonulcer dyspepsia, Mentha piperita (peppermint) for,
illness and healing as process in, 16 Neural tube defects (NTDs), 1732 714
Integration Project, 14 Neurodegeneration Normal-transit constipation, 1244
long-term health strategies in, 17b berries for, 744 Norwalk virus, 369, 1423
Lust’s invention of, 11, 48. See also Lust, Benedict. curcumin for, 747 Nosebleed, 406
magazines and textbooks on, 13 vitamin C for, 738 NS. See Nephrotic syndrome
meaning of disease, 83–84 Neurodegenerative disease, fish oils for, 607–608 NSAIDs. See Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs
mechanism, 80–81 Neuroendocrinology dysfunction, of hypothalamic-pitu- NTDs. See Neural tube defects
medical philosophy in, 80–84 itary axis, 1696 NTP. See National Toxicology Program
merging of efforts, 56–57 Neurogenic bladder, 892 Nuclear factor-κβ (NF-κβ, Curcuma longa and, 552
modern rejuvenation of holistic approach, 44–46 Neuroinflammation, 276–277 Nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor-2, 734
modern theory/process of development, 13–15 Neurological disease Nuclear factor-κB, 734
moving on, 62 alpha-lipoic acid for, 741 Nuclear p53 protein, Curcuma longa and, 553
national scene, 66 Cannabis for, 476–477 Nurbakhski, 395
natural healing at its peak, 55–62 grape seed for, 745 Nursing, Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) and, 676
credit to Budden and Carroll, 55 impact of homocysteine metabolism on, 995 Nutrient bioavailability, improvement of, microbial
education, 55–56 neuroprotective effects of Curcuma longa, 555 enzyme therapy for, 719–720
vital force, 55–56 Neuromuscular function, loss of, 1783 Nutrient deficiencies, in total load, 270
naturopathic philosophy in, 84–86 Neuromuscular manipulation, 384 Nutrient-drug interactions, 750
new developments in postwar scholarship, 57–58 Neuropathy, 1274, 1284 Nutrient screening, 1459t
at peak, 67–69 diabetic, 322 Nutrients, for immune support/enhancement, 1015
1947-1950 and forward, 67–68 Neuropeptides, 94, 1757–1758 Nutrigenetics
after the scandals, 68 Neurophysiology, 93 for cardiovascular disease, 144–147
change of identity, 68 Neuroprotection clinical applications of, 144–148
late 1940s and professional growth, 67 cocoa for, 744 clinical utility of, 143–144
medical dominance arises, 68–69 resveratrol for, 747 for electrolytes and hypertension, 147
in memoriam, 67 Neurotoxic chemicals, 1298–1299 for homocysteine and micronutrients, 147–148, 147f
pharmaceuticals use by, 86 Neurotoxicity, 274–277, 275b overview of, 141–143, 141f
pharmacologic treatment, 24 heavy metal, 276 personalized nutrition and, 144, 144f
philosophy of, 80–86.e1 indirect (neuroinflammation), 276–277 Nutrigenomics, 141–143, 141f, 359, 751, 1078–1079
physician in, 251 pesticide, 275–276 clinical utility of, 143–144
practice of, 85–86 Neurotransmitters, 6, 261 Nutrition. See Diet/nutrition
predictions of demise of, 46 Neutral baths, 325 Nutrition and Cancer, 606
a profession, 56 Neutropenia, 881 Nutrition and Physical Degeneration (Price), 363
program of naturopathic cure, 34–35 Neutrophils, 163 Nutritional cognitive neuroscience, 751
public and community health concerns, 19b New Dietetics (Kellogg), 37 Nutritional medicine, 361–370.e1
states/provinces that regulate, 46b New England Journal of Medicine, inadvertent provings, anticancer phytochemicals, 367t
“The Need for a New Medical Model” (Engel), 12 308 diseases associated with low-fiber diet, 363b
theory in, 24 New Guide to Health, 27 evolutionary aspects, 361–363
therapeutic progression (Lindlahr’s), 12–13, 50 “New York Hygio-Therapeutic College”, 29 diet of wild relatives, 361–362, 362t
Turska’s formula, 1294 New York Medical Society, 27 humans versus primates, 362
21st century state of, 46–47 New York School of Massage, 31 hunter-gatherer diets, 362
vis medicatrix naturae, 84–85 NHANES. See National Health and Nutrition Examina- pioneering work of Burkitt and Trowell, 363
vitalism, 80–81 tion Survey plant-based diet, 362–363
Naturopathic Society of America, 32 Niacin (vitamin B3), status determination of, 180 fat intake, 368
Naturopaths Niacinamide (nicotinamide), 1060, 1266, 1278, 1627, 1631 food additives, 369
Lust’s description of, 34 Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), 1233, 1671, foodborne illness, 369
prosecution of, 40 1673 fruits and vegetables, 365
use of hydrotherapy by, 316 Nicotine withdrawal, melatonin in, 706 meat/animal food intake, 367–368
worldwide numbers of practitioners, 39–40 Nigella sativa (black cumin), for male infertility, nutrition education, 364–365
Naturopathy 1471–1472 Optimal Health Food Pyramid, 364f–365f, 365–370
and chiropractic, 51–52 Night pain, 333 pesticides, metals, and food additives, 365–366
in cross hairs, 72–73 NIH. See National Institutes of Health Rainbow Assortment of Fruits and Vegetables, 365,
definition of, 51 Nijmegen questionnaire, 1004–1005, 1005f 366b
Nausea Nipple, 1311 salt and potassium, 368–369
Cannabis for, 475–476 Nitric oxide, 734 support for blood sugar control, 366–367
Zingiber officinale (ginger), 969 Nocebo effect, 89b, 90 U. S. Department of Agriculture Food Pyramid, 364f
Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP), 1721 Nociception, pain related to, 339 U. S. food consumption trends, 363–364, 363t–364t
NCA. See National Chiropractic Association Nocturnal myoclonus, 1491–1492 water intake, 369–370
NCCAOM. See National Certification Commission for Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), 1600–1604.e3 Nutritional supplementation, in toxic overload, 280
Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine chemicals and, 1602–1603 Nuts, 1872
NCCDS. See National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study considerations for, 1600–1601 ASD and, 1178
NEAPP. See National Asthma Education and Prevention diagnosis of, 1600, 1603 atherosclerosis and, 1137–1138
Program prevalence of, 1601t Nux vomica, 315
Necrospermia, 1454t probiotics and, 818 NVP. See Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy
“The Need for a New Medical Model” (Engel), 12 psoriasis and, 1759 Nystatin, 1383
Needs, Maslow’s Hierarchy of, 103, 103f supplements for, 1604
“Negative” Studies, 448 therapeutic considerations/approaches for, 1603–1604, O
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, causing pelvic inflammatory 1604f O antigen, 346–347
disease, 1676 toxicity of, 1601–1603 OA. See Osteoarthritis
NEM. See Natural eggshell membrane Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, 1600–1604.e3 OAB. See Overactive bladder
Neoplasia, Maitake for, 685 melatonin for, 706 Oatmeal, cholesterol and, 1139–1140
Neoplastic tissue, blood group antigen (BGA), expression Nonbioidentical hormones, 1567 Obesity, 1605–1621.e3, 282
in, 353t Nonconvulsive seizures, 1296, 1297b alpha-lipoic acid for, 741
Nephrocalcin, 925 Nondiabetic peripheral neuropathy, 489 body fat composition determination, 1606–1608,
Nephrotic syndrome (NS), 1512 Nonmedical treatment, for acne vulgaris/acne conglo- 1608t, 1608b
coenzyme Q10 deficiency and, 527 bata, 1061 bioelectric impedance, 1608
 INDEX I-35

Obesity (Continued) Omega-3 index, 132 Organic acid profiling (Continued)

bone density, 1608 Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, 129–130, 597, fatty acid oxidation, 239
skinfold thickness, 1607–1608 1799 adipic acid, suberic acid, ethylmalonic acid, 239
visual observation, 1606–1607 Omega-6, ASD and, 1183 gut microbiota products, 236–239
botanical medicines for, 1621 Omega-6 fatty acids (linoleic acid), 129f, 586f, 594f in laboratory, 236–244
cancer and, 973, 973f linoleic acid/dihomo-gamma-linoleic acid ratio, 132 of mitochondrial dysfunction, 239–241
causes of, 1609–1614, 1611f for multiple sclerosis, 1596 neurotransmitter metabolism, 241–242
adipokines and gut-derived hormonal alterations, Omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids, 130 vitamin-dependent pathways and, 242–243
1610 Onion. See Allium cepa Organic acid testing, 1039–1040, 1079
diet-induced thermogenesis, 1612, 1613f Ontology, in Unani medicine, 395 Organon of Medicine (Hahnemann), 22, 308
environmental toxins, 1613–1614, 1614f–1615f Oocytes, 1439 Organophosphate pesticides, 1416
gut-derived appetite regulators, 1610–1612 Opioid pain medications, for osteoporosis, 1641 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and,
low-serotonin theory, 1613 Opium, tincture of (laudanum), 267 1158
physiological factors, 1610–1614 Optimal Health Food Pyramid, 1871, 1871f, 1872t in infertility, 277
psychological factors, 1609–1610 beans (legumes), 1873 Organophosphates, 218t–219t, 221, 221f, 275
considerations for, 1605 dairy, 1874 Organs/body systems
diagnosis of, 1605 foods to avoid, 1871 complaint profile for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1231b
diet recommendations for, 1621 fruits, 1873 cortisol effect on, 94
fasting and, 297 high-quality protein, 1873 damage to, 23
female infertility and, 1440 nutsseeds, and good oils, 1872 distribution of carotenes/carotenoids in tissues, 445t
Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice), oral preparations con- vegetables, 1871, 1872 Organ-system interventions, in functional medicine
taining glycyrrhizin, 645 green leafy and cruciferous, 1871 matrix model, 7
gout and, 1352 low-glycemic, 1872 Origanum majorana (marjoram), for PCOS, 1705
hypertension and, 1394 starchy, 1872 Oropharyngeal flora, 116
imbalance factors in, 5f whole grains, 1873, 1873t Orotic acid, 243–244
interleukin-15 for, 287 Opuntia species (prickly pear), 752 Orthodox medical men, 28
lifestyle changes for, 1621 for alcohol intoxication, 753 Orthodox medicine, 38
male infertility and, 1463 analgesic effect of, 752 Orthomolecular medicine, 361
NAFLD and, 1601 antiinflammatory effect of, 752–753 Orthosiphon grandiflorus, 1525
natural weight-loss aids for, 1617–1619 antiviral effect of, 753 Orthotics, 1329
chromium, 1618–1619, 1619t chemical composition of, 752 Osler, William, 30
detox support, 1620–1621, 1620f cicatrizant effect of, 753 Osteoarthritis (OA), 1622–1632.e3
fiber supplements, 1617–1618, 1618t clinical applications of, 753–754 acupuncture for, 1630, 1632
hydroxycitrate, 1619 common names of, 752 botanical medicines for, 1629, 1631
5-hydroxytryptophan, 1619–1620, 1620t description of, 752, 753f considerations for, 1622–1623, 1623f
meal-replacement formulas, 1617 for diabetes (adult-onset non-insulin-dependent), conventional pharmacological treatment for, 1624
medium-chain triglycerides, 1619 753–754 diagnosis of, 1622, 1624
in PCOS, 1695 diuretic and renal effects of, 753 diet and supplements for, 1625, 1631
predisposition to gallstones and, 1331 dosage of, 754 dietary guidelines for, 1625–1630
prevalence of, 1605–1606, 1607f drug interactions of, 755 environmental toxins and, 1624
psychological support for, 1621 history and folk use of, 752 exercise for, 1625, 1631–1632
set point, 1610 for hyperlipidemia, 754 glucosamine for, 630–632, 632t
therapeutic considerations/approaches for, hypocholesterolemic effect of, 753 joint diseases, 1622t
1614–1621 hypoglycemic effect of, 753, 753f magnetic therapies for, 1630
Atkins diet, 1616–1617 for osteopenia, 754 misdiagnosis of, 1624b
behavioral therapy, 1615 pharmacology of, 752–753 multifactorial etiology of, 1623b
dietary strategies, 1615–1617 prediabetes, 754 nonpharmacological approaches to pain in, 1625b
water intake, 1616 for prostatic hyperplasia, 754 nutritional supplements for, 1625–1629
type 2 diabetes and, 1267 toxicology of, 754–755 pain in, 1623b, 1625b
types of, 1608–1609 for weight loss, 754 physical therapy for, 1624–1625, 1631–1632
Obesity-related dyslipidemias, 973 Oral cavity procyanidolic oligomers (procyanidins) for, 828, 1629
Obligatorily lytic phages, 779–780 abnormalities of oral membranes, nutrition-related, proteolytic enzymes for, 1630
Obstacles to cure, 95 223 relaxation techniques for, 1630
Obstructive sleep apnea, 1697 burning sensation in, 224t S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAMe) for, 842–843
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, cancer of, 355 therapeutic considerations/approaches for, 1624–1625,
1160 Candida albicans (candidiasis), HIV/AIDS treatment 1631–1632, 1631f
OCA. See Oregon Chiropractic Association and, 1383 topical analgesics for, 1629–1630
Occupational agricultural exposure, to environmental digestive physiology, 228 topical application for, 1631
toxins, 1122 erosions of, 224t Osteocalcin, 925
Ochratoxin, 1030, 1030f gums, 223 Osteodentin, 925
Ocular rosacea, 1777 healthy mouth, 223 Osteopathic College (Michigan State), 332
Oils, ASD and, 1178 signs of nutrient deficiency, 224t Osteopathy, 40–41
Olea europaea (olive tree leaves), 1388b, 1398 thrush, 1383 Osteoporosis, 1633–1658.e17
Oleic acid (OA), 130 tongue, 223 bisphosphonates for, 1645–1646
Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia, 1454t ulcers, 223, 224t boron for, 455
Oligofructose, 797–798 Oral contraceptives, 151, 1215, 1680–1681 commonly prescribed drugs for, 1640–1643, 1645t
Oligopolycyanidins, 545f Oral health, 937 comorbidities of, 1658
Oligosaccharide intolerance, microbial enzyme therapy Oral infections, Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) for, 695 considerations for, 1633
for, 719 Oral mucosal disorders, Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, definition of, 1633
Oligozoospermia, 1454t 426–427 dehydroepiandrosterone for, 563
Olive oil, 1334 Oral tolerance, 227–228 diagnosis of, 1633–1635
atherosclerosis and, 1137 Oregano essential oil (Origanium vulgare), 1858, 1859f Bindex, 1634
Olsen, K. G., 46 Oregano oil, 1224–1225, 1383 biochemical markers of bone turnover, 1634–1635
Omega-3 fatty acids (linolenic acid), 593–612.e8, 586f, Oregon Chiropractic Association (OCA), 58 dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, 1634
591, 594f Oregon grape. See Berberis aquifolium fracture risk algorithms, 1634
ASD and, 1183 Oregon Pioneer, 59 diet and supplements for, 1657–1658
atherosclerosis and, 1137 Orexin A, 1612 environmental toxins of, 1643–1645
for diabetes management, 1280 Organ function, in total load, 270 cadmium, 1643–1644
for endometriosis, 1291 Organ specific stimulation, 23 excessive alcohol consumption, 1645
for hypertension, 1396 Organic acid profiling, 236–244.e6, 238t fluoride, 1644
for multiple sclerosis, 1596 B-vitamin markers, 243 lead, 1643
in pregnancy, 1735–1736 carbohydrate metabolism mercury, 1644
for psoriasis, 1761 β-hydroxybutyric acid, 240 pesticides, 1644–1645
for rheumatoid arthritis, 1773 pyruvic acid and lactic acid, 239 exercise for, 1657
sources of, 596 detoxification pathways, 243–244 genetic susceptibility for, 1658
I-36 INDEX

Osteoporosis (Continued) Otitis media (Continued) Pain/pain management (Continued)

hormone replacement therapy for, 1636
lifestyle factors for, 1658
menopause and, 1551
minerals for, 1647–1653
boron, 1648
calcium, 1647, 1648f–1649f
copper, 1650
iodine, 1651–1652
magnesium, 1647–1648
manganese, 1650
selenium, 1651
silicon, 1650–1651
strontium citrate, 1652–1653
zinc, 1648–1650
nutrient insufficiencies of, 1645, 1645t
nutritional supplements for, 1658
over-the-counter drugs for, 1640–1643
antacids, 1641
anticoagulants, 1642
anticonvulsants, 1640
antidepressants, 1641
aromatase inhibitors, 1640
benzodiazepines, 1640
calcineurin inhibitors, 1641
glucocorticoid medications, 1641, 1642f
gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, 1640
H2 blockers, 1641
hormonal contraceptives, 1642–1643
insulin-sensitizing medications, 1641
loop diuretics, 1641–1642
opioid pain medications, 1641
proton pump inhibitors, 1641
thyroid hormone replacement medications, 1642
pathophysiology of, 1633–1634
pharmacological therapy for, 1645–1647
adverse effects of, 1645–1647, 1646t
prevalence of, 1635–1638
prevention and reversal for, 1634
risk factors of, 1635–1638
bone formation, 1636
bone resorption, 1636
conditions, diseases, and medications, 1636
endocrine disorders, 1637
environmental factors, 1636
ethnicity, 1635
gastrointestinal disorders, 1637
genetic diseases, 1636
hematological disorders, 1637
hypogonadal states, 1637
inflammation, 1637
lifestyle factors, 1636
medications, 1638
for men, 1638
need for DXA screening, 1635–1636
neurological and musculoskeletal, 1637
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 1636
nutritional factors, 1636
rheumatic and autoimmune diseases, 1637
single-nucleotide polymorphisms, 1636
vitamin D deficiency, 1635–1636
secondary causes of, 1638–1645
therapeutic considerations/approaches for, 1645–1658
vitamin K for, 926–937, 926f
vitamins for, 1653–1657
B vitamins, 1655
omega-3 essential fatty acids, 1656–1657
vitamin A, 1654–1655
vitamin C, 1655–1656
vitamin D, 1653
vitamin E, 1656
vitamins K1 and K2, 1653–1654
Other Healers, Other Cures (Kruger), 36, 40, 45
Otitis externa, 786
Otitis media, 1659–1665.e2, 786, 1660f
botanical medicines for, 1665
causes/risk factors of, 1660–1661, 1661f
description of, 1659
diagnosis of, 1659
diet for, 1664
Echinacea for, 1663
homeopathy for, 1664
humidifiers for, 1664
naturopathic ear drops for, 1663, 1665
nutritional supplements for, 1664–1665
osteopathic manipulation for, 1664 with inflammatory disorders, 333–334
physical medicine for, 1665 massage/biofeedback/nutritional/botanical, 345
probiotics for, 1664 mean pressure/pain threshold, 1325
Sinupret for, 1663 Mentha piperita (peppermint) for, 714
standard medical treatment for, 1659–1660 mouth pain, 488
therapeutic considerations of, 1661–1664 night pain, 333
bottle-feeding, 1662 nonpharmacologic, 339–345.e3
food allergies, 1662, 1662t Opuntia species (prickly pear) for, 752
gastrointestinal reflux, 1662 in osteoarthritis, 1623b, 1625b
thymus gland extract for, 1663 pain distribution body form, 1325, 1326f–1328f
vitamin A for, 1663 pain during motion, 335
vitamin D for, 1663 Pediatric Pain Program, 345
xylitol for, 1663 peripheralization of pain test, 335
Ototoxicity, 626 Piper methysticum (kava), 794
Out-of-specification (OOS) studies, 722, 727 placebo, 90
Ovarian cancer, 354 postherpetic neuralgia, 488
Viscum album for, 908 postmastectomy pain, 488
Ovarian dysfunction, in PCOS, 1696 psychological strategies, 341
Ovarian function, 1440 relaxation training, 342
Ovarian reserve, 1440 transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, 342–343,
Over-the-counter medicines, 264 343t
Overactive bladder (OAB), 1253, 1533, 1534f Zung’s self-rating depression scale, 1326
causes/contributing factors of, 1535 Painful bladder syndrome. See Cystitis/interstitial cystitis/
Oxalates, 1178, 1520t, 1523b–1524b painful bladder syndrome
Oxidation, 610 Pakriti, 259
of fatty acids, 588 Paleolithic diet, 1595
Oxidative stress, 733 Palliation, 83b
aging, and chronic disease, 733–735 Palmer, B. J., 36, 332
antioxidants for, 741, 747–748 Palmer, Daniel David, 31, 332
and cell signaling cascades, 734–735 Palmer School of Chiropractic, 41–42
chronic, 18b Palmitic acid, 131
endometriosis and, 1289 Palmitoleic acid (PA), 131
exercise and, 748–749 Palpation techniques, 384
female infertility and, 1444 Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng), 756–767.e4, 266
Ginkgo biloba extract for, 745–746 adaptogenic and antistress activity, 757–760
grape seed extract for, 745 for anticancer properties, 763–764, 763f
laboratory assessment of, 735–736 for antidepressant and anxiolytic effects, 765
in Parkinson’s disease, 1667–1668 for antifatigue activity, 759–760
in PCOS, 1695 for antiobesity, 765–766, 766f
quercetin for, 746 for cardiovascular effects, 764–765, 764f
sarcopenia, 1785, 1792 for cell proliferation, antioxidant, and antiaging
and toxicant exposure, 733 effects, 762
transcription factors, 734 for central nervous system effects, 766, 766f
Oxihumate, 375 chemical composition of, 756–757, 758f
OXM. See Oxyntomodulin for cognitive performance, 760–761
5-Oxoproline (pyroglutamate), 244 common names of, 756
OXTR. See Oxytocin receptor description of, 756, 757f
Oxygen delivery, smooth muscle constriction, 1001 for diabetes management, 761–762, 1282
Oxygen free radicals, 111 dosage of, 767
Oxyntomodulin (OXM), 1612 drug interactions of, 767
Oxytocin, 1068 for ergogenic effects, 761
Oxytocin receptor (OXTR), 1079 extract, 728
Ozone, asthma and, 1121 for hepatic effects, 765
history and folk use of, 757, 759b
P for immunomodulating effects, 762–763
PA. See Phosphatidic acid indications for, 759b
Pacific College of Naturopathic Medicine, 45 for male infertility, 1470, 1472
PAD. See Peripheral artery disease for menopause, 762, 1564
Paeonia lactiflora (white peony), 1450–1451 pharmacology and clinical indications of, 757–766,
for PCOS, 1704–1705 759f
PAG Advisory Committee, 1719 for radiation protection, 765
PAHs. See Polyaromatic hydrocarbons for reproductive effects, 762
Pain (dolor), 164 toxicology of, 766–767
breast, fibrocystic breast disease (FBD) and, 1314 Panax quinquefolium, 1282
Cannabis for, 477 Pancarcinoma-associated antigen, 353
Pain distribution body form, 1325, 1326f–1328f Pancreas
Pain/pain management cancer of, 354, 773
acceptance as factor in pain management, 97 digestive physiology, 228
analgesic agents diseases of, 228
adverse effects of, 1711b Pancreatic cancer, Viscum album for, 908
topical analgesics, 1629–1631 Pancreatic enzymes, 768–776.e4, 113, 228, 230t,
analgesic rebound headache, 1577–1578 1211–1212
attention focusing, 341–342 absorption
centralization of pain test, 335 of dietary proteins, 769
cognitive strategies, 341 of enzymes, 769–770
counterstimulus methods, 342–345 amylase, 771b
Croton lechleri, 548–549 for autoimmune and immune complex-mediated
end-range pain (ERP), 335 diseases, 774
Epilobium species, 581 benefits of/future uses of, 776
experience of, 339–341 for cancer, 773
Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), 1325 for cardiovascular disorders, 774
FibroQuest symptoms survey, 1325 chymotrypsin, 771b
gate control theory, 340 clinical applications of, 771–772
hypnosis or autohypnosis, 342 description of, 768
 INDEX I-37

Pancreatic enzymes (Continued) Passiflora (passionflower), 1077 Pelvic muscle rehabilitation, for overactive bladder, 1540
for digestive disorders, 772 Passiflora incarnata, clinical applications, insomnia, Pelvic torsion (Gaenslen’s) test, 337
dosage of, 775 1492 Penicillin, allergenicity of, 1825–1826
drug interactions of, 775–776 Passive movement tests, 334 Penicillium, 1029
enzyme combinations, 772b range of motion, 331 Pentosan polysulfate sodium (Elmiron), 1254
factors affecting activity of, 770 Past symptoms, 1018t–1019t Peppermint, 1224–1225
cofactors, 770 Pasteur, Louis, 415 for gallstone treatment, 1336
inhibitors, 770 Patchouli essential oil (Pogostemon cablin), 1860, 1861f for irritable bowel syndrome, 1503t–1504t
metal ions, 770 Pathobiography, 20b Pepsin A, 154, 156
pH range, 770 Pathogenic agent, 81 Pepsinogen, 350
substrate concentration, 770 Pathogenic microorganisms, antagonism against, 810 Peptic ulcer disease, 1683–1688.e2, 231, 349–350, 1684f
supplement coating, 770 Pathology, in naturopathic model botanical medicines for, 1687
temperature, 770 specific pharmacologic or synthetic substances, use description of, 1683
history of clinical use of, 768–769 of, 24 diagnosis of, 1683
for inflammatory conditions, 772–773 specific substances, modalities, interventions, use of, diet for, 1688
lipase, 772b 23–24 etiology of
measuring activity of, 771 suppressing, 17b, 24 aspirin/nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, 1685
for multiple sclerosis, 774 Pathya (diet), 261 food allergy, 1685
pancreatic elastase 1, 229–230, 230t, 235b Patient self-responsibility, 38 Helicobacter pylori, 1683–1685
pancreatin, 772b Patrick’s test, 337 gastric ulcers, H. pylori, 231
for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment, 1774 Pattreiouex, Allen, 36 lifestyle factors of, 1685
standardization of, 769 Pau d’arco, 868–872.e2 psychological considerations for, 1688
supplements commonly used, 769–776 Pauling, Linus, 361 stress and emotions, 1685
toxicology of, 775 PBLs. See Peripheral blood lymphocytes supplements for, 1688
oral enzymes, 775 PCBs. See Polychlorinated biphenyls therapeutic considerations/approaches for, 1688
in treatment of chronic candidiasis, 1222 PCOS. See Polycystic ovary syndrome Peptic ulcers
trypsin, 771b PCR testing, 231 glutamine for, 638
secretion, 154 PD. See Parkinson’s disease water intake and, 964
for uterine fibroids, 1836 Peat therapeutics, 372–374 Peptide YY (PYY), 1612
for viral and bacterial disorders, 774–775 for ankle sprains, 374 Peptides
Pancreatic extracts, in glandular therapy, 303–304, 303t for ankylosing spondylitis, 375 anti-ACE, 1397
Pancreatic insufficiency, 717, 983–984 for arthritis, 374 ghrelin, 1612
Pancreatin, 772b conditions indicated for, 378 orexin A, 1612
Paneth cells, 168 for dermatologic problems, 374 peptide YY, 1612
Panic disorder, 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) for, 663 for discopathy, 374 receptor sites, 93
Pantetheine, 991f for hamstring strain, 374 Peptostreptococcus, 234
Pantethine, 991f, 1110, 1142 for headache, 374 Perchlorate, 218t–219t, 1417
Pantothenic acid, 991f, 1234 for hematoma, 375 exposure, 1722, 1723t–1724t
for osteoarthritis, 1627, 1631 for herpes virus, 374–375 Perfluorochemical exposure, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t
for rheumatoid arthritis, 1774 history of, 372–373 Perfluorooctane sulfonate, attention deficit hyperactivity
status determination of, 180 for human papillomavirus, 374 disorder (ADHD) and, 1158
Pap smears, 1213 hyperthermia with, 373–374 Performance enhancement, 495
Papillomavirus, 111 for immune stimulation, 375 boron and, 453
Papulopustular rosacea, 1777 indications/contraindications, 376b, 378b flavonoids for, 616–617
Para-aminobenzoic acid, for dermatitis herpetiformis, 1260 for infertility, 375 Performance nutrition, 1035
Paracellular pathway, 170 medicinal peat bath, 375–377, 378b recovery and nutrient timing, 1038
Paracelsian medical systems, 311 medicinal peat peloid, 377–378 Perianal dermatologic disorders, 1753–1755
Paracelsus, 267 for myopathy, 374 botanical medicines for, 1755
Paraquat, 1668 physiological effects of, 373 condylomata acuminata, 1753
Parasitic infections, 235b for scleroderma, 374 condylomata lata (anogenital warts), 1753
antiparasitic botanicals, 1428 for scoliosis, 374 herpes simplex virus, 1753
gastrointestinal, 232 skin response to, 373 lymphogranuloma venereum, 1753
of infectious diarrhea, 1424 Pediatric intoxication, 480 pilonidal sinus tract, 1753–1754
vitamin A for, 916 Pediatric Pain Program, 345 proctalgia fugax, 1754
Parasympathetic nervous system, 93 Pelargonium sidoides (South African geranium) proctitis, 1754
Parathyroid hormone (PTH), 195 bacterial sinusitis, 1188 pruritus ani, 1754–1755
Parkinson’s disease (PD), 1666–1674.e3, 93 for bacterial sinusitis, 1187 treatment options for, 1755
acupuncture and tui na for, 1672–1673 pneumonia and bronchitis, 1198–1199, 1199f, 1201 Perimenopausal women, insomnia in, melatonin for, 699
botanical medicines for, 1672 in streptococcal pharyngitis, 1815 Perimenopause, 1567–1568
citicoline (CDP-choline) for, 519–520 Peloid therapy, 377b depression in, melatonin for, 703–704
coenzyme Q10 for, 533 about, 371 Periodontal disease, 1689–1693.e1, 1690f
conventional medicine for, 1669–1671 indications/contraindications, 377b AB blood group and, 355
depression in, 667t Pelvic floor muscle, for overactive bladder, 1540 botanical medicines for, 1693
diagnosis of, 1666, 1669, 1673 Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), 1675–1682.e2 description of, 1689
diet for, 1670 antibiotics for, 1679 diagnosis of, 1689
dietary recommendations for, 1673 botanical medicines for, 1680–1681 hygiene for, 1693
epidemiology of, 1666–1667 CDC recommendations for, 1679b pathological process of ABO blood groups and, 355
estrogen modulation for, 1672 complications of, 1676–1677 pathophysiology of, 1689–1691
exercise for, 1672 description of, 1675 amalgam restorations, 1690–1691
homeopathy for, 1672 diagnosis of, 1675, 1678, 1678t bacterial factors, 1690
lifestyle recommendations for, 1673 diathermy for, 1680, 1682 complement system, 1690
pathophysiology of, 1667–1668, 1667f differential diagnosis of, 1678b environmental toxicants, 1691
environmental exposures, 1668–1669 education for, 1681 gingival sulcus, 1689–1690
mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation, 1667 etiology of, 1675–1676, 1676t local factors, 1691
oxidative stress and glutathione deficiency, anaerobic organisms, 1676 lymphocytes, 1690
1667–1668 Chlamydia trachomatis, 1676 macrophages and monocytes, 1690
substantia nigra cell death, 1667 facultative aerobic organisms, 1676 mast cells and immunoglobulin E, 1690
risk/benefit of smoking and, 1672 Neisseria gonorrhoeae, 1676 polymorphonuclear leukocytes, 1690
supplements for, 1670 incidence of, 1675–1676 tobacco and alcohol, 1691
therapeutic considerations/approaches for, 1669–1673 nutritional supplements for, 1680 prevalence and epidemiology of, 1689
Partial (focal, local) seizures, 1297b oral treatment for, 1679 therapeutic considerations/approaches for, 1691–1693
Particulate matter pathogen access, 1677 Peripheral artery disease (PAD), 351
Alzheimer’s disease and, 1092 prevention of, 1680–1681 Peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs), 119–120, 119f
asthma and, 1121 risk factors for, 1677 Peripheral nervous system, 98
atherosclerosis and, 1135, 1136f sitz baths for, 1680, 1682 Peripheral vascular disease (PVD), 495
I-38 INDEX

Peristalsis, 113–114 Phosphatidylserine (PS) (Continued) Píng gū, 685–686, 685f

Permanence, 1880 evolution of, 789–790 Pinus maritima (or pinaster) (pine bark), 745
Permethrin, 1668 for memory decline, 789 for cataracts, 1812
Pernicious anemia, nutritional support for, 1106–1107 pharmacology of, 788–789 for hemorrhoids, 1756
Peroxidase family, as antioxidants, 736–737 physiological roles of, 788 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1487
glutathione peroxidases, 736–737 for stress, 789 Piper methysticum (kava kava), 791–796.e1, 792f, 1564
Peroxynitrite, 734 toxicology of, 790 analgesic effects, 794
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs), 733, 1269, 1269f, Phosphorus, 197, 454 anti-inflammatory effects, 794
1602 Photoprotection, 446 anti-ischemia effects, 794
kidney disease and, 1509 Photosensitivity, Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) anxiolytic effects, 794
Personal Health Inventory (PHI), 390 and, 675 ceremony, 793
Personal history, endometriosis and, 1287–1288 Photosensitivity disorders, 450 chemical composition, 791, 792f
Personality Phototherapy, for urticaria (hives), 1830, 1832 kavalactones, 792t
explanatory style, 102 Phrenological Journal, 29 clinical applications, 794–795
immune function and, 103 Phthalate exposure, 1722, 1723t–1724t description, 791
Personalization, 1881 Phthalates, 1270, 1417 dosage, 795
Peruvian bark (Cinchona officinalis), 307–308 for menopause, 1559–1560 drug interactions, 796
Pervasiveness, 1880 Phyllanthus amarus, 1365, 1388b effects of drinking, 793
Pessimistic explanatory style, 103 Phyllanthus niruri, 1525 for hepatitis viruses, 1366
Pesticide neurotoxicity, 275–276 Phymatous rosacea, 1777 history and folk use, 791–793
Pesticides “Physcultopathy”, 37 kavalactones compared with crude extracts, 793–794
Alzheimer’s disease and, 1092 Physical activity for menopause, 1564
exposure, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t in pregnancy, 1718–1719 for Parkinson’s disease, 1672
food crops, 365–366 for sarcopenia, 1786, 1796 pharmacology, 793–794
rotenone, 1668 Physical barrier, intestinal, 167–169 sedative effects, 794
Petasites hybridus (butterbur), 1584, 1586 adherens junctions, 169 side effects and toxicity, 795–796
PFFAs. See Plasma free fatty acids desmosomes, 169 Piper rotundum (black pepper), 261
PGX. See PolyGlycoPlex gap junctions, 169 Piscidia piscipula (Jamaican dogwood), 1525
pH intercellular junctional complexes, 168, 168f Pistacia lentiscus, 1687
of stomach, 154 intestinal epithelial cells, 167–168 for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1342
of urine, 1520t mucosal layer, 167 Pit constitutional type, 259
Phage therapy, 777–787.e3, 782f tight junctions, 168–169 Pit Dosha, 259
advantages/potential of, 786 “Physical culture” school of health and healing, 37 Pizzorno, Joseph E., 45
clinical application of, 783–786 Physical examination, in fibromyalgia syndrome, 1326 Placebo/placebo response, 88
clinical research of, 783–784 Physical inactivity, atherosclerosis and, 1135 for altered states of consciousness, 99–101
description of, 777 Physical medicine art of medicine in using, 101
dosing strategy of, 786 for carpal tunnel syndrome, 1204–1205 clinical application of, 95–101
drug interactions of, 786 for HIV/AIDS, 1388–1389 clinical observations, 89–90
for ear infections, 786 for irritable bowel syndrome, 1502 conditioned responses and, 98–99
for gastrointestinal infections, 785 Physical therapy, for overactive bladder, 1540, 1544, conditions shown to respond to, 91b
historical context of, 780–781 1544b “conscious” placebo, 101
commercialization, 780 Physicians description of, 88
discovery and research, 780 “botanics” (professional Thomsonian doctors), 27 for enhancement of positive emotional states, 96–97
early problems with, 781 drugless, 37 ethics of, 101
Western explorations, 781 mission of, 24 healing mechanisms of, 92–94
phage interactions in body, 781–783 national directory of drugless, 36 conscious control over homeostasis, 92–93
properties of bacteriophages, 778–780, 778f naturopathic, 20 neurophysiology, 93
for respiratory tract infections, 785 teachings of, 29 physiological and psychological stress, 94
for Staphylococcus aureus infections (MRSA/nonMR- Physician’s Health Study, 448 stress physiology, 93–94
SA), 784–785 Physiological processes, functional medicine model of, 4 history of, 89
toxicology of, 786 Physiology, Ayurvedic, 259 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) versus, 667t
types of, 779f functions of Tridosha, 259 interactions, 91–92
for urogenital tract infections, 785 properties of Dosha, 259 myths about, 90–91
Phalen’s sign, 1203 psychosomatic constitutions, 259 optimizing response to, 95b
Pharmaceutical industry Physiotherapy, for overactive bladder, 1543 origin of term, 89
growth of, 267–268 Phytic acid (inositol hexaphosphate), 1526 packaging and delivery modes, 91
history of U.S, 30 Phytochemical antioxidants, 735, 742 pharmacodynamics of, 91–92
patents for plants, 264 anticancer, 367t physiological changes induced by, 91t
Pharmacology, of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree), 694 curcumin, 747 placebo sag, 99
Phellinus igniarius, 689, 689f Ginkgo biloba extract, 745–746 for prima non nocerum, 95
Phellinus linteus, 689 metabolism of, 735 Pygeum africanum versus, 831t
Phenibut, 1073 resveratrol, 746–747 reason for studying, 88–89
Phenolic compounds, 680, 681f silymarin, 746 for support of therapeutic relationship, 96
Phenolic metabolites, 237 Phytoestrogens symptoms and side effects of, 90b
Phenolics, 1838 bioavailability of, 801 for therapeutic conditioning or learning, 98–99
Phenylacetic acid, 237 effects, of Angelica species, 431 for tollem causum, 95–96
Phenylalanine, 1073, 1074t herbal, 1837–1838 types of, 89b
metabolites, 237 sources of, 1561t Plague, immunity to, 415
PHI. See Personal Health Inventory Phytolacca, for chronic kidney disease, 1516 Planes, astral and mental, 260
Philosophy of naturopathic medicine, 12–13, 49 Phytolacca americana (poke root), 1484 Plant sterols, for lowering cholesterol levels, 1142
Phlebectomy, 1851 Phytopharmaceuticals, 267 Plasma free fatty acids (PFFAs), elevated levels of, 1730
Phlegm, 398t Phytostanols, for lowering cholesterol levels, 1142 Platelet aggregation inhibition, Allium sativum (garlic)
Phlegmatic temperament, 398t Phytosterols, for lowering cholesterol levels, 1142 for, 419
Phosphate additives, osteoporosis and, 1639 Phytotherapy, 403t Platelets
Phosphates, kidney disease and, 1509 PID. See Pelvic inflammatory disease aggregation of, 1144–1145
Phosphatidic acid (PA), 789 Pills (Vati, Goti, Modak), 261–262 effects of Zingiber officinale (ginger) on, 966–967
Phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), 989f, 992–993, 1334 Pilonidal sinus tract, 1753–1754 migraine headaches and, 1576–1577
metabolism, 989f Pima Indians, 1267 Pleiotropism, 350
Phosphatidylcholine-bound silybin, 855 Pine bark (Pycnogenol) Pleurotus ostreatus (Hiratake, píng gū), 685–686, 685f
Phosphatidylserine (PS), 788–790.e1 for endometriosis, 1293 PMS. See Premenstrual syndrome
chemical structure of, 789f extract of, atherosclerosis and, 1144 Pneumata, 400
clinical applications of, 789–790 for glaucoma, 1348 Pneumatology, 405
description of, 788 Pine bark extract (Pinus pinaster), 1853 Pneumonia, 1196–1201.e1
dosage of, 790 for gout, 1354 bottle blowing and salt pipes for, 1200–1201
drug interactions of, 790 Pineapple, 458 diagnostic summary for, 1197–1198
 INDEX I-39

Pneumonia (Continued) Polyerga, glandular therapy for, 303t, 304–305 Prebiotics (Continued)
etiology, 1197t PolyGlycoPlex (PGX), 978, 1412 for constipation, 1248
expectorants for, 1198, 1201 Polymorphism, reasons for existence of, 141 defined, 797
mucolytics for, 1200 Polyols, 1499 fiber, 979
mycoplasmal pneumonia, 1198 Polyphenols, 742, 750 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1484–1487
pneumococcal pneumonia, 1198 gastrointestinal tract as primary target for, 743 mushrooms as, 680
recommendations for, 1201 for peptic ulcer disease, 1686 and target organisms, 800t
therapeutic considerations for, 1198–1200 Polysaccharides, 679–680, 680f Preconception, 1714–1738.e8, 1439
viral pneumonia, 1198 Polyunsaturated fats, osteoporosis and, 1639 Prediabetes (impaired glucose tolerance), 1263
Pneumus boldo, for gallstone treatment, 1336 Polyunsaturated fatty acids, 128 Predigestion method, in glandular preparations, 302
Podophyllium resin, 1388b Pomegranate (Punica granatum), for atherosclerosis, 1138 Pregnancy, 1714–1738.e8
Points (acupuncture), 254 Pomegranate extract, 728 alcohol intake in, 1720
Poke root (Phytolacca americana), 1484 Pomegranate flower, 1573 arsenic exposure in, 1725
Poke root oil, 1837, 1839 POPs. See Persistent organic pollutants Cannabis and, 481–482
Polish Academy of Sciences, 783–784 Porphyrias, 1707–1713.e1, 1711b cannabis exposure in, 1721
Pollutants acute intermittent porphyria, 645 cocoa intake in, 1720
organic, atherosclerosis and, 1135 antioxidants for, 1712 death rates and premature births, 1714
persistent organic pollutants, 1269, 1269f B-complex vitamins for, 1712 dietary supplements in, 1725–1738
type 2 diabetes and, 1270 biochemistry of, 1707–1708 antioxidants, 1736–1737
Polyamines, 1760f heme formation, 1708, 1708f–1709f biotin, 1725–1730
Polyantigenic organisms, 1223 carotenoids for, 1712 calcium, 1730
Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), 273 classifications of, 1707 carnitine, 1730
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers considerations for, 1710–1713 carotenoids, 1730–1731
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, constitutional hydrotherapy for, 1712 choline, 1731–1732, 1732t
1158 description of, 1707 folate, 1732–1733
exposure, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t detoxification of liver and colon for, 1712 iodine, 1733–1734
Polybrominated flame retardants, 1417 diagnosis of, 1707, 1709–1710 iron, 1734
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), 272, 726, 1416 diet for, 1711–1713 magnesium, 1734–1735
atherosclerosis and, 1135 etiological agents of, 1710 multivitamin, 1725, 1726t–1729t
exposure, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t known drugs, 1711b omega-3 fatty acids, 1735–1736
in infertility, 277 toxins, 1711b vitamin A, 1736
for menopause, 1559 iron supplementation for, 1712 vitamin C, 1736–1737
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), 1694–1706.e7 laboratory diagnosis of, 1709–1710 vitamin D, 1737–1738
advanced glycation end-products for, 1699–1700 manifestation of, 1708–1709 vitamin E, 1736–1737
alpha-lipoic acid for, 1702 ozone therapy for, 1713 zinc, 1738
antioxidants for, 1700 primary, 1708b energy needs and diet, 1716
B vitamins for, 1700–1701 signs and symptoms of, 1709 exercise during, 1718–1719
botanical medicines for, 1704, 1706 supplements for, 1713 healthy foods, 1716
caffeine for, 1700 therapeutic approach for, 1713 environmental toxin exposure in, 1722–1724,
carnitine for, 1703 types of, urinary porphyrins, 246t 1723t–1724t
causes of, 1695 Porphyrinogens, 245 ephedra and, 580
adrenal dysfunction, 1696 Positional release methods, 384t fasting during, 299
androgen excess/hyperandrogenism, 1695 Positive mental attitude, 102–105.e1 fish oil intake for, 609
attenuated apoptosis, 1697 cardiovascular health and, 103 healthy weight for, 1717–1718, 1718t
chronic low-grade inflammation, 1695–1696 chronic fatigue syndrome and, 1232 hydration/fluid intake, 1717
environmental toxins, 1696 immune function and, 102–103 hydrotherapy guidelines for, 321–322
genetic determinants, 1696 learned optimism, 104–105 Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) and, 675–676
insulin resistance and insulin action abnormalities, longevity and, 102 lifestyle factors in, 1717–1725
1695 Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, 103, 103f, 104t miscarriages, 1436t, 1440–1441
neuroendocrinology dysfunction of hypothalam- self-actualization and, 103–104 nutrition for, 1716–1717
ic-pituitary axis, 1696 Positive pregnancy, 1714 obesity and, 1715
obesity, 1695 Post-Avicennan medicine, 394–395 preconception and, 1715–1716
ovarian dysfunction, 1696 Posterior shear (thigh thrust) test, 337 risk factors for, 368
oxidative stress, 1695 Postherpetic neuralgia, 488 saunas during, 322
prenatal androgen exposure, 1696 Postmastectomy pain, 488 sleep during, 1719–1720
chromium for, 1701 Postmenopausal women, BMI, melatonin, fluoxetine smoking during, 1721–1722
classification of features, 1697 and, 706 stress and mind-body modalities for, 1724–1725
description of, 1694 Postmenopause, procyanidolic oligomers (procyanidins) substance use in, 1720–1724
diagnosis of, 1694, 1695t, 1697, 1698t for, 827 treatment of stretch marks, 503
recognized phenotypes, 1697, 1698t Postmucosal factors, in excretion of sugar probes, 171 use of Commiphora mukul in, 542
signs and symptoms, 1697 Postpartum obesity, probiotics and, 818–819 weight gain in, 1718t
dietary considerations for, 1697–1699, 1706 Posttraumatic stress disorder, Cannabis for, 478 Preissnitz, Vincent, 35
Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet, 1699 Posture, 335, 1234 Premenstrual syndrome (PMS), 1739–1747.e3, 627,
low-GI diet for, 1699 overactive bladder and, 1540 956–958, 957t, 1314
Mediterranean diet for, 1699 Postwar scholarship bioidentical progesterone therapy for, 1746
essential fatty acids for, 1701 more curriculum and, 58 botanical medicines for, 1744–1747
exercise for, 1705 new development in, 57–58 classification, 1740
flavonoids for, 618 Potassium, 197–198, 368–369, 1053, 1394–1395, 1481 diagnosis, 1740
inositol for, 1703 atherosclerosis and, 1146 dietary considerations, 1741–1742
lifestyle measures for, 1705–1706 hair mineral analysis for, 152 estrogen metabolism, 1740–1741
magnesium for, 1702 Potassium iodide, for erythema multiforme (EM), exercise for, 1742
Maitake for, 685 1308–1309 general considerations, 1739–1740, 1740b
nutritional supplements for, 1700–1703, 1706 Potentilla tormentilla (tormentil root), 1428, 1430 hypoglycemia and, 1410
probiotics for, 1703 Potentized remedy, 311 L-tryptophan for, 1744
refined carbohydrates for, 1700 Poultry, ASD and, 1178 Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for, 711
saturated fats and deep-fried foods for, 1700 Povidone-iodine, 1819 nutritional supplements, 1742–1744, 1747
selenium for, 1703 Powders (Churna), 261–262 stress, coping style, depression and, 1742, 1742b
stress management for, 1705–1706 PPIs. See Proton-pump inhibitors therapeutic approach, 1746–1747
sugar for, 1700 PQQ. See Pyrroloquinoline quinone therapeutic considerations, 1740–1746
therapeutic considerations for, 1697–1705 Prakriti, 257, 259 thyroid function and, 1742
vitamin D for, 1702–1703 Pranayama, 100 vitamin B6 for, 1741
vitamin E for, 1702 Prayer, as breathing rehabilitation exercise, 1007b Premucosal factors, in excretion of sugar probes, 171
weight loss for, 1705 Prebiotics, 797–808.e4 Prenatal androgen exposure, in PCOS, 1696
weight management for, 1705 chemical structures of, 799f Presarcopenia, 1786
zinc for, 1702 concept, 798f “Preventive genomics”, 142
I-40 INDEX

Preventive medicine, 81b “Process of Healing, a Unifying Theory of Naturopathic Prostate cancer (Continued)
Allium sativum (garlic) uses, 418 Medicine”, 14 lycopene in, 448–449
for cancer, 447–449 Procollagen type III N-terminal peptide, 1792 soy intake and, 864
genomic testing for, 148–149 Proctalgia fugax, 1754 Protease inhibitors, 111
hepatitis viruses, 1359–1360, 1359b Proctitis, 1754 Proteases, 169
Price, Weston A., 363 Proctologic conditions, 1748–1756.e1 Protein
Prickly ash (Xanthoxylum americanum), 1294 anal cryptitis, 1749 in chemically induced illnesses, 279
Priessnitz, Vincent, 317 anal fissures, 1749 excessive, osteoporosis and, 1638–1639
Prima non nocerum, 95b anal fistula and anal abscesses, 1748–1749 metabolism of, 1783
Primary headache, melatonin for, 705 anorectal anatomy, 1748 in pregnancy, 1716
Primary insomnia, magnesium, melatonin, and zinc for, botanical medicines, for hemorrhoids, 1751 recommended daily allowance for, 1797
698–699 hemorrhoids, 1750–1752 Protein compounds
Primary pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, 228 perianal dermatologic disorders, 1753–1755 malabsorption of, 115
Primer for Exercise and Nutritional Sciences (Scott), 285 botanical medicines for, 1755 storage and transport of, 737
Principles and Practice of Drugless Therapeutics, 56 condylomata acuminata, 1753 Protein kinases, 734–735
Principles of living, 34 condylomata lata (anogenital warts), 1753 Protein phosphatases, 734–735
Principles of Manual Medicine (Greenman), 332 herpes simplex virus, 1753 Protein powders, 728
Proanthocyanidin B2, 544f lymphogranuloma venereum, 1753 Protein sparing, 635–636
Proanthocyanidins, 742–743 pilonidal sinus tract, 1753–1754 Proteinemias, 121
Probiotic supplements, 984 proctalgia fugax, 1754 Proteoglycans, sulfated, 991
Probiotics, 809–822.e5, 175, 176t proctitis, 1754 Proteomics, for mold exposure assessment, 211
affective disorders, 1071–1072 pruritus ani, 1754–1755 Prothrombin, in fertility assessment, 1459t
for asthma, 1124 treatment options for, 1755 Proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), 173
for atopic dermatitis (eczema), 1152 treatment, 1750 for osteoporosis, 1641
characteristics, 811–812, 811t Procyanidolic oligomers (procyanidins), 823–828.e2, Protozoan infections, intestinal
importance of strain, 812 745 diagnostic considerations, 1495
nomenclature, 811–812 anticancer activity, 824–825 therapeutic considerations, 1495
in use, 811, 811t antiinflammatory activity, 824 Protozoan infestation, intestinal, 1493
clinical applications, 813–816 antioxidant and free-radical-scavenging activity, Entamoeba histolytica, 1493–1494
abdominal pain (functional), 813 823–824, 824b Giardia spp, 1493, 1494f
antibiotic use, 813, 814t for antioxidant therapy, 825–826 Provocation-neutralization testing, 139
atopic eczema, 813–814 for asthma, 826 Provocation tests, metal retention, 190–191
colon cancer, 818 for atherosclerosis, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, Prunella vulgaris, 1388b
constipation, 816 type 2 diabetes, 826–827 Pruritus ani, 489, 1754–1755
Crohn’s disease, 817 for attention deficit disorder, 827 PS. See Phosphatidylserine
gastrointestinal infections, 814–816 for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 1161 Pseudoephedrine, 579
immune enhancement, 816–820, 817t cardiovascular protection, 825, 825f Pseudohyperkalemia, 197
infantile colic, 816 chemical composition, 823, 824f Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 786
inflammatory bowel disease, 817 clinical applications, 825–828 Psilocybe spp., 690, 690f
irritable bowel syndrome, 816–817, 818t collagen protection, 825 Psora (itch), 28
mastitis, 818 description, 823 Psoriasis, 1757–1766.e3, 489, 828
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 818 dosage, 828 advanced glycation end products, 1759
postpartum obesity, 818–819 drug interactions, 828 Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 425
toxin reduction, 821 for hemorrhoids, 1756 botanical medicines for, 1766
ulcerative colitis, 817–818, 819t history and folk use, 823 celiac disease and, 1758–1759
urogenital infections, 819–820 for male infertility, 827 Chaga for, 684
commercial forms, 812–813 for menopause and postmenopause, 827 Coleus forskohlii for, 538
for constipation, 1248 for mild cognitive impairment, 827 depression and, 1759
for Crohn’s disease, 1486t for osteoarthritis, 1629, 1631 diagnosis, 1757
definition, 809 for periodontal disease, 828 diet, fasting, and food allergy control for, 1761,
description, 809–810 pharmacology, 823–825, 824b 1766
dosage, 821 for psoriasis, 828 environmental toxins, 1759
in dairy mediums, 821 toxicity, 828 fish oils for, 603–604
supplements, 821 for venous insufficiency and capillary fragility, 828 fumaric acid for, 1762
drug interactions, 822 for visual function, retinopathy, and macular degen- gastrointestinal comorbidities and, 1758
for female infertility, 1449 eration, 828 general considerations, 1757–1759, 1758f
for hepatitis viruses, 1363 Profession, evolution of, in pacific northwest, 53–54 Glycyrrhiza glabra (licorice) for, 646
for HIV/AIDS, 1390 Professional medicine homocysteine and DNA methylation, 1759
for infectious diarrhea, 1427 in early America, 26–27 individual nutrients for, 1761–1762
for inflammatory bowel disease, 1486, 1486t need for standards in, 40 inflammatory bowel disease and, 1758
for irritable bowel syndrome, 1499, 1501f–1503f Progesterone, 1068, 1294 inflammatory leukotrienes, 1759
for male infertility, 1470 asthma and, 1123 neuropeptides and skin microbiome, 1757–1758
for oral thrush, 1383 bioidentical, 1294 nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and, 1759
for PCOS, 1703 cream, schedule, for endometriosis, 1295t nutrition for, 1761–1762
for pelvic inflammatory disease, 1680 melatonin with, 707 pathogenesis, 1757
for peptic ulcer disease, 1687–1688 for menopause, 1566 physical therapeutics of, 1762–1763
proposed mechanisms of action, 810–811 for menorrhagia, 1574 psychological aspects of, 1762
antagonism against pathogenic microorganisms and Progressive relaxation, 1052 scalp, 1763, 1765f
viruses, 810 for insomnia, 1490 stem cell therapy for, 1763
anti-inflammatory activity, 810 Proinflammatory cytokines, 735 sunlight, ultraviolet light, climatotherapy, and balneo-
beneficial compounds production, 810–811 Proinflammatory eicosanoids, 735 therapy for, 1762–1763
competition for GI adhesion sites, 810 Prolyl endopeptidase, 718 therapeutic approach, 1766
decrease visceral hypersensitivity, 810 Propolis, 442 botanical medicines, 1766
GIT transit time modification, 810 clinical applications of, 1819 diet, 1766
immune modulation, 810 Propranolol, coenzyme Q10 and, 535–536 physical medicines, 1766
induction of oral tolerance, 810 Proprietary topical therapy, 1060 psychological considerations, 1766
selective GI antimicrobial activity, 810 Propylene oxide, 218t–219t supplements, 1766
strengthen the intestinal barrier, 811 Prostaglandins, 966 topical treatment, 1766
pros and cons of, 812t Prostate therapeutic considerations, 1760–1766
for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment, 1774 benign prostate hypertrophy, Pygeum africanum versus bile deficiencies, 1760–1761
for small intestine bacterial overgrowth, 116 Serenoa repens, 832 bowel toxemia, 1760
for streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat), 1816 urinary tract infections and, 893 incomplete protein digestion, 1760
toxicity, 821–822 Prostate cancer liver function, 1760
for treatment of candidiasis, 1224 boron for, 455–456 topical treatments for, 1763–1766, 1764f–1765f
for urticaria (hives), 1831 carotenoids for, 740 Psychological aspects, urticaria (hives) and, 1830
 INDEX I-41

Psychological issues Quercetin (Continued) Redox regulation, 734–735, 737–738

in Ayurvedic medicine, 259 for gout, 1352–1354 Reductionism (mechanism), 80–81
desire to be healthy, 37 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1483–1484, 1487 Reed, Louis, 42
emotional mediators of illness, 6b for nonbacterial interstitial cystitis/painful bladder Refined carbohydrates
as health determinants, 19b syndrome, 1258 in PCOS, 1700
of HIV/AIDS, 1386–1387 for sport nutrition, 1045 stress management and, 1053
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, 104 toxicity, 618 Refinement (Samskara), 262
in obesity, 1609–1610 for urinary tract infections, 1255 Reflexes, 336, 383
panic disorder, 663 for urticaria (hives), 1831 Reflexology, hand, 342
of psoriasis, 1762 Quercitrin, 582f Reflux Symptom Index (RSI), 982
stress effects, 94 Questionnaire interpretation, 1022–1025 Regulation of naturopathic medicine
support for acne treatment, 1061 NMI guidance example, 1022–1024 state acupuncture laws, 254
Psychology Quinn, Frederick Harvey Foster, 308 U. S states and Canadian provinces, 46b
hyperventilation syndrome/breathing pattern disor- Quinn, Sheila, 45 Regulations
ders and, 1001–1002 Quinone xyloidone, 870 dietary supplements, 265
positive clinical, 104 Qur’an, 405, 406f, 406b herbal medicines, 264–265
Psychoneuroimmune system, 97 Rehabilitation model, for fibromyalgia syndrome, 1325
Psychosis, Cannabis and, 482 R Reily, Reverend Prior, 31
Psychosomatic constitutions (prakriti), 259, 260t, 260b RA. See Rheumatoid arthritis Reinforcement, positive, 98
Psychosomatic phenomena, 100 Racial factors, type 2 diabetes and, 1267 Reishi (Ganoderma lucidum, G. applanatum, G. tsugae,
Psyllium, 980, 1756 Radiation, oxidative stress and, 733 Lingzhi), 681–682, 681f
PTH. See Parathyroid hormone Radiation burns, Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 425–426 Relaxation, 342, 1055, 1112
Public and community health concerns, 19b Radiation exposure, 1461 Relaxation agents and techniques, 1055
Pueraria lobata (Kudzu), 1088 protection from, by Eleutherococcus senticosus, 575 for angina, 1112
Pueraria mirifica (kudzu), 1564 Radiation-protecting effects, of Panax ginseng (Korean for migraine headaches, 1584–1586
Pulse, Unani medicine in, 400–401, 401f ginseng), 765 for osteoarthritis, 1630
Pumpkin seed (Cucurbita pepo), for overactive bladder, Radiation protection, Melissa officinalis (lemon balm) for pain management, 342
1541 for, 711 relaxation response, 1051b
Purine synthesis, 1350f Radiation therapy, 488, 637 smooth muscle relaxation, 898
Purkinje shift, 225 Radioimmunoassay (RIA), 159, 161 Relaxation therapy, 1584–1586
Pursed lip breathing exercise, 1007b Rainbow Assortment of Fruits and Vegetables, 365, 366b Religion/religious activity, 386–390.e1, 386f
Purslane, for lichen planus, 1532 Raja mind type, 260 definitions, 386–387
Purusha, 258 Rajas (movement), 260 in health care, 387–388
Putrefactive short-chain fatty acids, 230 Rancidity testing, 726 health effect of, 388
PVD. See Peripheral vascular disease Range of motion (ROM) tests, 334 research, 388–389
Pygeum africanum (bitter almond), 829–832.e1 Rapid dark adaptation test (RDAT), 225–226.e1 Remedies, 308
for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1195 clinical application of, 225 Remethylation pathway, of homocysteine, 986–987, 986f
chemical composition, 829, 829f conditions causing abnormal, 225t Renal disease, fish oils for, 608–609
clinical applications, 830–832 equipment for, 225 Renal protective effects, of Cordyceps, 683
components of, 830 interpretation of, 226 Renal stones, etiology, fasting and, 299
description, 829 procedure, 225 Renal system. See Kidneys/renal system
dosage, 832 results of, 226 Repeated chair stand, for sarcopenia, 1789
drug interactions, 832 Rapid screening SARC-F, 1793, 1793t Repetitive strain injuries (RSIs), 1203
ferulic acid esters, 830 Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN), 1512 “Report on Schools”, 42
history and folk use, 829–830 Rapp, Doris, 215 “Report to the Utah Legislative Council”, 43
for male infertility, 1470, 1472 Rational Hydrotherapy (Kellogg), 37, 317 Reproduction, carotenes/carotenoids in, 446
and impotence, 831 RAUs. See Recurrent aphthous ulcers Research/studies
pharmacology, 830 Raw material (RM), 722 Ayurvedic medicine, 262
for prostate disorders, 830–831 authenticity of, 724–725 Bureau of Economic and Business Research38 of the
Serenoa repens versus, 832 botanicals, 725–726 University of Utah, 43
studies on use of, 831t contaminants on, 725 Canadian studies, 46b
toxicology, 832 fish oil and vegetable oil products, 726 cancer prevention study group, 447
Pyophagine, 783 nonbotanical, 725 in fasting, 296
Pyrethroids, 218t–219t potency of, 725 appendicitis, 296
Pyridoxal 5´-phosphate (P5P), 990, 990f Raynaud disease, fish oils for, 608 chronic posttraumatic headache, 296
Pyridoxine, status determination of, 180 RBCs. See Red blood cells follicular lymphoma, 296
Pyroglutamate (5-oxoproline), 243–244 RDAT. See Rapid dark adaptation test fibromyalgia syndrome, 1321
Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) Reactive nitrogen species (RNS), 734 health, 388–389
chemical composition, 833 Reactive oxygen species (ROS), 732, 732f, 734–735, 743 in homeopathy, 312–315
clinical applications, 834–835 interactome, 751 animal studies/field and laboratory, 314
enhancing cognitive function, 834–835 Read method, 341 basic research, 314–315
insulin resistance, 834 Realized beings (Rishi Kapila), 258 human clinical trials, 313
description, 833 Receptor activator nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL)-ac- human effectiveness studies, 314
dosage, 835 tivated signaling, 442 modern proving study, 313
drug interactions, 835 Recovery, from alcohol dependence, 1089 Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 285
history and folk use, 833 Rectal disorders, Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 426 in medicinal mushrooms, 691t–692t
pharmacology, 833–834 Recurrent aphthous ulcers (RAUs), 1114 modern proving study, 313
structure, 833f Recurrent bladder infections, 1250 National Cooperative Crohn’s Disease Study,
toxicity, 835 Recurrent kidney infections, 1250 1475–1476
Pyruvic acid, 239 Recurrent respiratory infections (RRIs), Viscum album phage therapy, 780, 783–784
Pyuria, 891 for, 908 Physician’s Health Study, 448
Red belted polypore (Fomitopsis pinicola), 688–689, 688f Pygeum africanum (bitter almond), 831t
Q Red blood cells (RBCs), 196–197, 355 religion/religious activity, 388–389
Qi, 253 Red clover (Trifolium praetense), 1562–1563 Serenoa repens (saw palmetto) efficacy, 848
Qigong, 23, 388 Red root, 1837 Silybum marianum (milk thistle), 855
Q-SYMBIO trial, 530 Red wine, atherosclerosis and, 1138–1139 Society for Acupuncture Research, 251, 255
Quacks/quackery, 40 Redness (rubor), 164 soy protein, 858
Quality of life, 82, 504 Redox balance spiritual practices, 388–389
Quality questionnaire, 729 aging and, 750 A Study of the Healing Arts With a Particular Emphasis
Quercetin, 614–615, 746, 871–872, 1045 gaso-transmitter systems and, 750 Upon Naturopathy, 43
aphthous stomatitis and, 1116 gut microbiome and, 750 Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study, 103
for cancer, 615 minerals and, 741 Resistance factors, 17b
chemical descriptions of, 613–614, 614f mitochondrial function and, 750–751 Resisted isometric tests, 334
commercial forms of, 618 thiols in, 741 Resolution-phase interaction products, 598
dosages of, 618 Redox cycling, 732 Resolvins, 597–598
I-42 INDEX

Respiratory disease, Oyster mushroom for, 686 Ricinus communis (castor bean extract), 355 Ruscus aculeatus (butcher’s broom) (Continued)
Respiratory effects Rickli, Arnold, 35 for chronic venous insufficiency, 837–839, 838t
of Cannabis, 480 Riley, Joe Shelby, 37, 41 clinical applications, 837–839
of Lobelia inflata (Indian tobacco), 677 Rishi Kapila (realized beings), 258 description, 836
Respiratory function, normal, in hyperventilation syn- Risk factors for diabetic retinopathy, 839
drome/breathing pattern disorders, 1000 Alzheimer’s disease, 1095t dosage, 839
Respiratory homeostasis, 1000 cardiovascular, 862 drug interactions, 839
Respiratory protection, Cordyceps for, 683 carpal tunnel syndrome, 1203 for edema and varicosities, 839, 840t
Respiratory support, Oyster mushroom for, 685 of cervical dysplasia, 1214–1215, 1214t for fibrinolytic effect, 837
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), 916–917 colorectal cancer, 1551 for hemorrhoids, 839
Respiratory system. See Lungs/respiratory system for coronary artery disease and stroke, 147 history and folk use, 837
Rest, 19b of diabetes mellitus, 1264–1266, 1267b for lymphatic flow effect, 837
Rest-based training method, 288–289 diet-related, 367 pharmacology, 837
Rest-based workout, 289 elevated cholesterol, 350 for premenstrual syndrome, 839
Restless legs syndrome (RLS), 1491–1492, 1719–1720 endometrial cancer, 1551 for soft tissue injuries, 839
Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) for, 674 for endometriosis, 1287 toxicology, 839
Valerian for, 904 excessive salt intake, 126 for vasoconstrictive effect, 837
Resveratrol, 1371, 1800–1801 gallstones, 1330–1332 Rush Medical School, 38–39
for endometriosis, 1293 of human papillomavirus, 1214–1215, 1214f
for rheumatoid arthritis, 1774–1775 of hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease, 1400–1401 S
Retinoids, 1532 leukemia, 367 Saccharides, digestion of, 186
Retinol, 950, 1217 morbidity due to obesity, 1606b Saccharomyces, 1427
Retinopathy, diabetic, 626, 828, 1274, 1283–1284 for multiple sclerosis, 1589–1590 Saccharomyces boulardii, 1017, 1173–1174, 1173b, 1430
Retrograde flow, endometriosis and, 1288 of osteoporosis, 1635–1638 Sacral thrust test, 337
Revulsive effect, of hydrotherapy, 318 of otitis media, 1660–1661, 1661f Sacroiliac joint (SIJ), 336–337
Rh factor, 355 for Parkinson’s disease, 1672 SAD. See Seasonal affective disorder
Rheology, 351 for pelvic inflammatory disease, 1677 S-adenosylhomocysteine, 987, 987f
Rheum rhaponticum (Siberian rhubarb), 1563 pesticide exposure, 365–366 S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe), 841–844.e2, 990
Rheum species, 1687 pregnancy, 368 affective disorders and, 1075
Rheumatic diseases of sunbathing, 1335 available forms, 841
biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, thrombosis, 351 chemical composition, 842f
1772 of vitamin E (tocopherols), 749–750 clinical indications, 841–844
synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, 1772 Ritucharya (seasons), 261 for depression, 841–842
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1767–1776.e2, 227–228 RLS. See Restless legs syndrome dosage, 844
biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs for, RM. See Raw material drug interactions and contraindications, 844
1772 RNA, 140, 165f for fibromyalgia, 843
boron for, 455 RNS. See Reactive nitrogen species for hepatitis C, 1363
botanical medicines for, 1774–1776 Robert formula, 1484 for liver disorders, 843–844
classification criteria for, 1770t Rockefeller Foundation, 30, 267 for migraine, 844
corticosteroids for, 1771–1772 Rockefeller Medicine Men (Brown), 30 for osteoarthritis, 842–843, 1627, 1631
counseling/psychological therapy, 1776 Role of healing, 9 pharmacology, 841
dehydroepiandrosterone for, 564 Roman snail, 354, 360t toxicology, 844
diagnosis, 1767, 1770–1771 ROS. See Reactive oxygen species Sadness, Unani medicine for, 406
diet, 1772–1773, 1776 Rosacea, 1777–1780.e1, 1777f Saffron, 1077
erythrocyte sedimentation rate monitoring, 124 B vitamins for, 1779 Saiko-keishi-to, 1307
exercise for, 1775 description and stages, 1777 Salai guggul gum (Boswellia serrata), 1128, 1482–1483,
fasting and, 297 diagnosis, 1777 1483t, 1487
fish oils for, 603 diet, 1780 Salicylates, 943
general considerations, 1767–1770 etiology, 1778 for urticaria (hives), 1828
hydrotherapy for, 1775 food allergy, 1778 Salivary glands, 228
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and cyclooxy- Helicobacter pylori, 1778 Salix alba (white willow), 875
genase inhibitors for, 1771 hypochlorhydria, 1778 Salmonella species, 369, 1224, 1423
pathogenesis, 1767–1770 general considerations, 1777–1778 glyphosate and, 219
abnormal estrogen levels, 1770 general recommendations, 1780 Salt, kidney disease and, 1509
abnormal gut permeability, 1770 physical modalities and devices for, 1779 Salt pipe treatment, for pneumonia and bronchitis,
autoantibody production, 1768 supplements, 1780 1200–1201
decreased androgen levels, 1770 therapeutic approach for, 1779–1780 Salt precipitation method, in glandular preparations,
dysbiosis and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, therapeutic considerations for, 1778–1779 301–302
1769 topical azelaic acid (AzA) for, 1779 Salvia militorrhizae, for chronic kidney disease, 1516
environmental factors, 1768 zinc for, 1779 Salvia officinalis, for herpes simplex virus, 1371
microbial influences, 1768–1769 Rosemary, 1224–1225 Samkhya philosophy of creation, 258
oxidative stress, 1768 Rosenthal, Saul, 52 Samskara (refinement), 262
xenobiotics and autoantibody production, Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary), 1388b Samyoga (combinations of drugs), 262
1769–1770 Rotation diet, 379–381.e1 Sanguinaria canadensis (bloodroot), 266, 1218, 1693
physical medicine for, 1775–1776 Rotation Diet Master Chart and Plan, 1877t Sanguine temperament, 398t
psychological aspects of, 1775–1776 Rotenone, 1668 Sanitarium, 31, 36, 317
standard medical therapy for, 1771–1772 Rotterdam criteria, 1694 Santonin, 315
supplements, 1776 Roundup, 219 Saponin, 1629
synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs for, Royal jelly, 442 SAR. See Society for Acupuncture Research
1772 RPGN. See Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis Sarcoma cells, beta-lapachone for, 871
Tanacetum parthenium for, 875 RRIs. See Recurrent respiratory infections Sarcopenia, 1781–1803.e19
therapeutic approach, 1776 RSI. See Reflux Symptom Index accelerated myonuclear apoptosis, 1784
therapeutic considerations, 1772–1776 RSIs. See Repetitive strain injuries altered endocrine function, 1785–1786
Rheumatoid factor, 1770 RSV. See Respiratory syncytial virus altered microRNA expression, 1785
Rhinovirus, 17b Rubor (redness), 164 anabolic hormone repletion, 1795–1796
Rhode Island Medical Journal, 42 Ruscin, 836f angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, 1794–1795
Rhodiola rosea (arctic root), 1045, 1077, 1234 Ruscogenin, 836f botanical medicines for, 1801–1803
Rhus toxicodendron, 314 Ruscus aculeatus (butcher’s broom), 836–840.e1, 1755, categories of, 1787–1788, 1788t
Rhythmic traction technique, 384t 1852–1853 chronic low-grade inflammation, 1784
RIA. See Radioimmunoassay for anticancer effect, 837 classifications, 1786–1787
Riadore, J. Evans, 332 for antielastase effect, 837 comorbidities, 1787
Riboflavin (vitamin B2), status determination of, 180 for antihypoxic effect, 837 developmental influences of, 1783–1784
Ribose, 1048 for antiinflammatory effect, 837 diagnosis, 1781, 1786–1793
Rice Diet, 125 for antimicrobial effect, 837 diet for, 1802
Ricin, 355 chemical composition, 836, 836f–837f differential diagnosis, 1787
 INDEX I-43

Sarcopenia (Continued) Scudder’s alternative, 1837, 1839 Serenoa repens (saw palmetto), 847–850.e2
epidemiology of, 1782 Scurvy, 223 for benign prostate hypertrophy, 849–850, 849t
etiology of, 1782 Scutellaria species for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1193–1194
EWGSOP conceptual stages of, 1786, 1787t S. baicalensis (skullcap), 1388b chemical composition, 847
general considerations, 1781–1782 S. lateriflora, 1492 for chronic prostatitis, 850
genetic influence of, 1783 SDB. See Sleep-disordered breathing clinical applications, 848–850
impaired satellite-cell function, 1784–1785 Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) description, 847, 847f–848f
lack of physical activity, 1786 diagnosis, 1064 dosage, 850
mitochondrial dysfunction, 1784 Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) for, 674 drug interactions, 850
molecular and biochemical basis of, 1782–1783 therapeutic considerations, 1081 history and folk use, 847
muscle mass assessment, 1790–1791 Seasons (Ritucharya), 261 for male-pattern baldness, 850
muscle mass/damage measurement, 1792–1793 Seaweed, in chemically induced illnesses, 279–280 pharmacology, 848, 848f
muscle mass measurement, 1791–1792 Seborrhea, 1697 toxicology, 850
muscle strength assessment, 1789–1790 Seborrheic dermatitis, 1804–1806.e1 Serotonin, 660, 660b
myostatin and, 1785, 1794 botanical medicines for, 1806 blood levels of, 661t
neuromuscular function loss, 1783 diagnosis, 1804, 1805f 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and, 666, 666t
nutritional status, 1786, 1793, 1794t diet for, 1806 low-serotonin theory, 1613
nutritional supplements for, 1798–1801 general considerations, 1804 migraine headaches and, 1576–1577
operational definitions for, 1795t homeopathic therapy for, 1806 Serotonin precursor, 1490–1491
oxidative stress, 1785, 1792 nutritional supplements for, 1804–1806 Serotonin reuptake inhibition, Hypericum perforatum (St.
pathogenesis of, 1782–1786 supplements for, 1806 John’s wort) in, 672
physical activity, 1802 therapeutic approach, 1806 Serotonin syndrome, Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s
physical medicine, 1802–1803 therapeutic considerations, 1804–1806 wort) and, 675
physical performance assessment, 1788 topical treatment for, 1806 SERPINE1 gene, 147
protein metabolism of, 1783 Secretor genes, FUT1 and FUT2, 349 Serratia peptidase, for bacterial sinusitis, 1188
rapid screening SARC-F, 1793 Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA), 169–170 Serum biomarkers, for sarcopenia, 1791
standard medical therapy, 1794–1796 Sects Serum electrolytes, in fasting, 298
supplements for, 1803 Christian Science, 31 Serum nutrient testing, 1039
therapeutic approach, 1802–1803 history of new medical, 31 Sesquiterpene lactones, 874f
therapeutic considerations for, 1796–1802 nonallopathic, 28 Set points in homeostasis, 18b
Sarcosine, for epilepsy, 1303 rise and fall of, 28 Severe sarcopenia, 1786
SARMs. See Selective androgen-receptor modulators Sedative effects, of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm), 710 Sex hormone single-nucleotide polymorphism, 1637
Sat (truth), 258 Sedatives, 1492, 1711b Sex hormones, 1711b
Saturated fats Sedentary lifestyle, male infertility and, 1463 Sex steroid hormones, 1584
osteoporosis and, 1639 Seeds, 1872 Sexual activity
in PCOS, 1700 atherosclerosis and, 1137–1138 during menses, 1681
Saturated fatty acids, 131–132 Selectins, 351 urinary tract infections related to, 891–892
Satva (essence), 260 Selective androgen-receptor modulators (SARMs), for Sexual practices, role in chronic illness of, 17b
Satva mind type, 260 sarcopenia, 1796 SFMA. See Selective Functional Movement Assessment
Sauna, 329, 329f Selective Functional Movement Assessment (SFMA), Shakti, 258
for congestive heart failure, 1240 283–284 Shatavari. See Asparagus racemosus
Sauna therapy, 1032 Selective GI antimicrobial activity, probiotics and, 810 Shellfish consumption, toxic metal exposure with, 189
Sauna treatment, for toxic chemical exposure, 222 Selenium, 203, 1014, 1060 Shelton, Herbert M, 293
Saw palmetto extract, 728 for acne vulgaris/acne conglobata, 1060 Shew, Joel, 317
Scalp psoriasis, 1763, 1765f for alcohol detoxification/treatment, 1086 Shigella, 1224, 1423–1424
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine, Science and Sports, 284 as antioxidant, 736–737 Shiitake (Lentinula edodes), 687, 687f
Scarlet fever, 308 assay of, 1459t Shingles, 1385
Scars, 503 for cataracts, 1810 Shiva (god of destruction), 258
SCC. See Squamous cell carcinoma for cervical dysplasia, 1217 Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), 810–811
SCFAs. See Short-chain fatty acids for endometriosis, 1293 Short guidance report, 1022–1023, 1023t
Scheel, John, 25 for epilepsy, 1303, 1307 Short physical performance battery, for sarcopenia,
Schilling test, 1482 for female infertility, 1445–1446 1789–1790
Schisandra chinensis (shisandra), for PCOS, 1704 hair mineral analysis for, 152 Short-term starvation (STS), 974–975
Schistosoma mansoni, Tabebuia avellanedae for, 870 for hepatitis viruses, 1363, 1367 Sho-saiko-to, 1365–1366
Schistosomiasis, Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) for HIV/AIDS, 1384b Shrira (soundness of body), 260
for, 438 for hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease, 1403–1404 Siberian rhubarb (Rheum rhaponticum), 1563
Schizophrenia, Cannabis and, 482 for hypothyroidism treatment, 1420 SIBO. See Small intestine bacterial overgrowth
Schizosaccharomyces pombe, 528 for male infertility, 1467, 1472 Sickle cell anemia, 1104
Schlichting, Henry J. Jr., 55, 61, 65–66 for osteoporosis, 1651 Sickle cell disease, glutamine for, 639
background on clinical practice, 65–66 for PCOS, 1703 Sickness behavior, 164
becomes president, 66–67 for periodontal disease, 1692 sIgA. See Secretory immunoglobulin A
and Western ANA, 65 for rheumatoid arthritis, 1773 Sigma 1-receptor activation, Hypericum perforatum (St.
School of physicians (Atreya Sampradaya), 257 Selenoprotein P, as antioxidant, 737 John’s wort) in, 672
School of surgeons (Dhanvantari Sampradaya), Self-actualization, 103–104 Sigma Phi Kappa, 60
257–258 Self-declaration molecules, 348 Signaling cascades, 735
Schroth, Johann, 35 Self-determination theory, 289 Signatures, doctrine of, 266
Schulze, William Charles, 50–51 Self-healing mechanism SIJ. See Sacroiliac joint
Schweitzer, Albert, 415 inflammation, 24 Silent Spring (Carson), 12
Scientific considerations obstacles to cure, 95 Silicon, for osteoporosis, 1650–1651
in naturopathic medicine, 17b placebo response and, 88–89 Silybum marianum (milk thistle), 851–855.e1, 1088
adaptive response in chronic illness, 18b power of life force in, 87 absorption studies, 855
role of environment in chronic illness, 17b stimulating of, 22–23 chemical composition, 851, 852f
suppression of body’s responses, 17b Self-talk, 105 for chemically induced liver damage, 853
public and community health concerns, 19b Seligman, Martin, 104, 1878 for cirrhosis, 854
toxemia, 22b Seligman’s Attributional Style questionnaire, 1878 clinical applications, 853–855
Scientific medicine, 40, 84 instructions in, 1878 clinical studies, 855
foundations of, 30 overall scores in, 1881 description, 851
history of, 30 results interpretation in, 1880 dosage, 855
Scientifically valid method, 722 scoring key in, 1880 drug interactions, 855
Scleroderma, 374, 504 Senile macular degeneration, 626 as galactogogue, 854
Sclerotherapy, 1851 Senna, for constipation, 1249 for gallstone treatment, 1336
Scoliosis, 374 Senses, in Ayurvedic medicine, 258–259 for gallstones, 854
Scopoletin, 884f SEPAHAN. See Study on the Epidemiology of Psycholog- for hepatitis viruses, 1364–1365, 1367
Scott, Christopher, 285 ical, Alimentary Health and Nutrition hepatoprotection, 851–853
Scrotal (testicular) ultrasonography, 1459t S-Equol, 865 history and folk use, 851
I-44 INDEX

Silybum marianum (milk thistle) (Continued) Smilax species (sarsaparilla) (Continued) Soy protein (Continued)
for HIV/AIDS, 1385b, 1388b, 1390 for psoriasis, 846 hormonal effects
for metabolic syndrome, 854–855 toxicology, 846 in adults, 858–860
for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, 854 Smoking (tobacco) in infants, 859–860
for nonalcoholic steatohepatosis, 854 affective disorders, 1068 isoflavones, 743, 856, 856f, 857t, 858f, 1558t
pharmacology, 851–853 atherosclerosis and, 1132–1133, 1134b absorption, metabolism, excretion of, 858
for psoriasis, 854, 1766 Cannabis and, 480 classification of, 856–857
toxicity, 855 exposure before lactose malabsorption testing, 185 content of, 857
for type 2 diabetes, 854–855 human papillomavirus and, 1215 mechanism of action of isoflavones, 865
for viral hepatitis, 854 male infertility and, 1462–1463 for menopause, 865, 1558
when bound to phosphatidylcholine, 855 pelvic inflammatory disease and, 1681 for osteoporosis, 865–866
Silymarin, 746 peptic ulcer disease and, 1685 pharmacology of, 858–860
Simmons, George, 38–39 periodontal disease and, 1691 polyphenol classification, 857f
Singleplex extracts, 137 during pregnancy, 1721–1722 research on health benefits, 858
Sirtuins (SIRTs), 142 as risk factors for osteoporosis, 1635 safety considerations, 866
Sitz baths, 325–326, 1752, 1755 risk/benefit for Parkinson’s disease, 1672 Spagyric medical systems, 311
Skeletal changes, with hypothyroidism, 1415 Smooth muscle constriction, 1001 Special Delivery (Benson), 342
Skin Smooth muscle relaxation, 898 Sperm count/motility, 498–499
Aloe vera (Cape aloe) in, 424–425 Smooth muscle-relaxing activity, of Angelica species, 431 Sperm dysfunction, in male infertility, 532
cancer, 354 Snoring, 1488 Spermicide, 428
care during fasting, 1862 Social media, affective disorders, 1069 Spinal cord injuries, 892
changes with hypothyroidism to, 1415 Social stress, 1335 Spinal cord reflex, 318
emollients, 1766 Society for Acupuncture Research (SAR), 251, 255 Spinal Manipulation (Bourdillion), 332
microbiome, 1757–1758 Socioeconomic health determinants, 19b Spirits, 20, 400
peat therapy, 373 Sociopolitical Status of U.S. Naturopathy at the Dawn of Spiritual care, 389
response to peat therapy by, 373 the 21st Century, 46 Spiritual correspondences, in Unani medicine, 396
vitamin K and elasticity of, 942–943 SOD. See Superoxide dismutase Spiritual healer, 389
Skin debridement/burn wounds, bromelain for, 463 Sodium, 198–199 Spiritual lore, black seed and, 403–404
Skin diseases, herbs for, 406, 407t hair mineral analysis for, 152 Spiritual stressors, in total load, 270
Skin distraction techniques, for soft tissue manipulation, intake of, 1521–1522, 1521f Spirituality, 386–390.e1, 386f
384 osteoporosis and, 1638 advancing research on, 389
Skin health, galactooligosaccharides and, 804 Sodium bicarbonate, 1045–1046 definitions, 386–387
Skin infections, Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) for, 694 Sodium curcuminate, antiinflammatory effects of, 554 in health care, 387–388
SLE. See Systemic lupus erythematosus Sodium intake, 125, 198, 368, 1053, 1394 as health determinants, 19b
Sleep Soft tissue approximation end-feel, 334 health effect, 388
hepatitis viruses and, 1361 Soft tissue manipulation, 382–385.e1 research, 388–389
before lactose malabsorption testing, 185 diagnostic methods, 383–384 Spirulina, 1046, 1046b
low serotonin levels affecting, 660b aberrant movement patterns, 384 Spirulina platensis (blue-green algae), 1046, 1046b, 1388b
position, and kidney stone formation, 1526 identification methods, 384 Spitler, H. Riley, 43
during pregnancy, 1719–1720 health implications of, 383 Spleen extracts, in glandular therapy, 303t–304t, 304
Sleep apnea, 1488 overview, 382 Splinting, 1203
Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), 1719 pathologies of soft tissues, 383–385 Spongiform encephalopathy, glandular therapy for, 302
Sleep disorders, Cannabis for, 478 potential of, 384–385 Sports nutrition, 1035–1048.e7, 1037b–1038b
Sleep disruption, melatonin for, 699 techniques, 384, 384t arginine for, 1041
Slippery elm (Ulmus fulva), 1484 terminology, 382 assessment, 1039–1040
for constipation, 1244 “Softer option” model, 21 beta-alanine for, 1041–1042
for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1342 Soluble endothelial cell markers, 351 beta-hydroxy beta-methylbutyrate for, 1042
Slow-transit constipation, 1244 Soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR), 202 branched chain amino acids, 1042–1043
Small intestine Solute carrier family 39 member 13 (SLC39A13), 1079 caffeine intake, 1043
bacterial overgrowth of Solvent primer, 728–729 cold water immersion for, 1048
adverse food reactions, 1769 Solvent toxicity, neurotoxins, 1668 creatine monohydrate, 1044–1045, 1044b
rheumatoid arthritis and, 1769 Solvents, 275–276, 276b critical evaluation of ergogenic aids, 1040
digestive/absorptive capacities of, 229 exposure, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t diet concerns for athletes, 1036–1037
digestive physiology, 228–229 in infertility, 277 fat intake, 1037
stasis of contents of, 113 SOPs. See Standard operating procedures green tea extract for, 1045
Small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), 113–117.e2 Sorbitol, intracellular accumulation of, 1275 health concerns for athletes, 1040
addressing underlying cause, 117 Soundless sound (Aum), 258 intermittent fasting, 1036
alternatives to antibiotics, 117 Soundness of body (Shrira), 260 ketogenic diet, 1035–1036
antibiotics for, 116 Soundness of mind (Manas), 260 macronutrient ratios, 1037
breath testing, 115–116 Soundness of soul (Atma), 260 magnesium for, 1047–1048
false-negative results, 116 Soy nutritional supplements for, 1040–1048
false-positive results, 116 for endometriosis, 1291 performance, recovery, and nutrient timing, 1038
hydrogen versus methane, 115 fibrocystic breast disease and, 1315 protein intake, 1037, 1046–1047
interpretation, 116 Soy protein, 857 quercetin for, 1045
when to consider, 114b antioxidant activity of, 743 Rhodiola rosea for, 1045
conditions associated with, 113 blood pressure and, 861–862 ribose for, 1048
description of, 113 body composition and, 862–863 sodium bicarbonate for, 1045–1046
dietary support for, 117 body weight and, 862–863 Spirulina for, 1046, 1046b
endoscopy, 115 cadmium content of, 867 vitamin and mineral intake, 1038–1039
etiology, 114f, 114b for cancer, 863–865 water intake, 1038
herbal antibiotics for, 116–117 cardiometabolic disease factors of, 862 Sprains, 383
normalization of intestinal motility for, 117 for cardiovascular disease, 860–861 Springing technique, 384t
pathophysiology of, 113–114 chemical composition, 856–858, 856f–857f, 857t Springy end-feel, 337–338
restoration of gastric acidity for, 117 for cholesterol metabolism, 861 Spurling’s maneuver, 336
signs/symptoms, 114–115, 114b clinical applications, 860–866 Squalene, 597
therapeutic considerations/approaches, 117 for cognitive function, 866 Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 354
bacterial eradication for, 117 constituents/compounds, 859t Squamous intraepithelial lesions of cervix, 1219
Smell (earth), 259 coumestans, 856 Stachybotrys, 1029
Smilax species (sarsaparilla), 845–846.e1, 266–267, 1766 phytates, 857–858 Staden, Carola, 31
chemical composition, 845, 846f phytosterols, 857–858 Staden, L., 31
description, 845 protease inhibitors, 857–858 Stage 1 hypertension, 1399
dosage, 846 saponins, 857–858 Stage 2 hypertension, 1399
drug interactions, 846 drug-nutrient interactions, 866–867 Stair climb power test, for sarcopenia, 1788
history and folk use, 845 for fatty liver disease, 866 Standard American diet (SAD), 1638–1640
pharmacology, 845–846 glucose metabolism and, 862–863 Standard blood chemistries, 1459t
 INDEX I-45

Standard medicine (biomedicine), 15, 18 Stress/stress management (Continued) Supplements

Standard operating procedures (SOPs), 722 lifestyle factors in, 1052 for atherosclerosis, 1148
Standardization maladjustment to, 94 for bacterial sinusitis, 1187–1188
of food allergy tests, 139 meal planning, 1053 for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1195
of hair mineral analysis, 152 for menopause, 1560 for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1342–1343
for herbal medicine, 267 myocardial ischemia triggered by, 97 Supplier, definition of, 722
of pancreatic enzymes, 769 negative coping patterns for, 1051b Supplier certification, compliance guide and
Standards, medical/professional, 40, 45–46 nutritional and botanical support, 1053–1055 ­questionnaire in, 1882, 1883f
Stanols, for lowering cholesterol levels, 1142 nutritional supplements for, 1054–1055 Support Adams (belt test), 336–337
Staphagine, 783 Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng) for, 757–760 Suppositories, 1751
Staphylococcus aureus, 163 peptic ulcer disease and, 1685 Suppression of symptoms, 17b, 83, 83b
Starchy vegetables, 1872 phosphatidylserine for, 789 Surgery
State Licensing of Health Occupations, 44, 79 physiological and psychological, 94 cardiac, 530–531
State of the industry, 722–723 placebo effect of, 93–94 for carpal tunnel syndrome, 1204
State of wellness, 97 during pregnancy, 1725 for hemorrhoids, 1751–1752
Statins, 240, 940, 1139 premenstrual syndrome and, 1742 for overactive bladder, 1540
Stearic acid, 131 programs, 1055 postsurgical inflammation, bromelain for, 459
Steatohepatitis, nonalcoholic, 1600–1604.e3 for psoriasis, 1762 in Unani medicine, 404–405
Steroid injection, 1204 relaxation response, 1051b for uterine fibroids, 1839
sTfR. See Soluble transferrin receptor result of, 1064f Surgical treatment, for varicose veins, 1851
Still, A. T., 36, 41 rosacea and, 1778 Survey of Naturopathic Schools, 43
Stimulants, 1492 social, 1335 Susceptibility gene, 148
Stomach, 154 therapeutic approach, 1051–1053 Sushruta Samhita, 235, 257, 541
digestive physiology, 228 time management for, 1052b Swallowing, 228
Stone root (Collinsonia canadensis), 1755 Stretching exercises, 1277–1283 Swank/low-saturated-fat diet, 1594–1595
Stool analysis, for candidiasis, 1220–1221 Stretching technique, 384t Sweet wormwood. See Artemisia annua
Stool testing, lactose malabsorption testing, 184 Striae gravidarum, 503 Swelling (tumor), 164
Stool transit time, 979 Stringy end-feel, 383 Swimmer’s ear, 786
Storage, of carotenes/carotenoids, 445 Stroke Belt and Buckle, 600 Sympathetic nervous system, 93
Storage proteins, 737 Strokes Symphytum officinale (comfrey), 1366, 1484
Strain-specific synbiotic combinations, 807 citicoline (CDP-choline) for, 520–521 Symptomatic epilepsy, 1296
Strains, 383 fish oils for, 600 Symptoms
Streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat), 1814–1816.e1 menopause and, 1553 aggravation of, 83–84
bacteriotherapy for, 1815 percentages by ABO blood group, 351 interpretation of, 83
botanical medicines for, 1816 risk factors for, 147 meaning of, 83
considerations for, 1814–1815, 1815f subsequent, 1147 morbid, 84
diagnostic summary of, 1814 vertebrobasilar, 335–336 suppression of, 17b, 83, 83b
Hydrastis canadensis and Echinacea species for, 1815 Stroma, 1311 Synbiotics, 807
lactoferrin for, 1816 Strontium citrate, 1652–1653 Syndrome X, 645
local treatment of, 1816 Structural integrity, 3f, 23 Synergist, The, 60–61
Pelargonium sidoides for, 1815 Struvite stones, 1527 Synergist: Western States College Voice of the Student Body,
probiotics for, 1816 STS. See Short-term starvation The, 60
supplements for, 1816 Study of the Healing Arts With a Particular Emphasis Upon Synovitis, 1770t
therapeutic considerations in, 1815–1816 Naturopathy, 43 Synthetic chemicals, 268
vitamin C for, 1815–1816 Study on the Epidemiology of Psychological, Alimentary Synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs, 1772
Streptococcus pneumoniae, 786 Health and Nutrition (SEPAHAN), 982 Synthetic pesticides, 1668
Stress inoculation, 341 Styrene/ethylbenzene, 218t–219t Synthetic retinoids, for lichen planus, 1532
Stress management Subcellular interventions, 7 Syphilis, 845
for cancer, 976 Subclinical celiac disease, 1259 Systemic enzyme therapy, 459
for PCOS, 1705–1706 Subclinical inflammatory state, 19b Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 124, 227–228
Stress proteins, 1792 Suberic acid, 239
Stress urinary incontinence, 1533 Substance use, in pregnancy, 1720–1724 T
Stress/stress management, 1049–1055.e1, 350–351 Substantia nigra cell death, 1667 T cells, 162, 1804
for acne vulgaris/acne conglobata, 1061 Succinic acid, 243 CD4 T helper subsets, 162–163
body calming, 1051–1052 glyphosate and, 219 food allergy responses to, 135
botanical medicines for, 1054–1055 Sucrose, 1692 markers of activation of, 163t
breathing exercise, 1051–1052 Sugar measures of, 157
chemical response to, 350 ASD and, 1177 regulatory, 163
for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1229, 1230f attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, subpopulations, 162–163
coping styles, 1742, 1742b 1159–1160 virus-free, 111
definition of, 1049 avoidance of, 1333–1334 Tabebuia avellanedae, 868–872.e2, 869f
for diabetes mellitus, 1276–1277 in PCOS, 1700 as antidepressant, 871
diagnostic considerations, 1050–1051 yeast problem with, 1177 anti-inflammatory activity of, 871
negative coping patterns, 1051b Sugar intake antimicrobial activity of, 869–870, 870t
Social Readjustment Rating Scale, 1050t glycemic index for, 1411t antineoplastic effects of, 870–871
stress response, 1051b osteoporosis and, 1639 for cancer, 872
diaphragmatic breathing for, 1052b for treatment of acne vulgaris/acne conglobata, 1058 chemical composition of, 868
and diet, 1064f in treatment of candidiasis, 1222 clinical applications of, 872
dietary guidelines for, 1053 Sugar intolerance, 186 description of, 868
diseases linked to, 1050b Sugar probes, factors that affect excretion of, 171 dosage, 872
Eleutherococcus senticosus for, 575 “Suggestive therapeutics”, 37 drug interactions, 872
endometriosis and, 1287–1288 Suicidal ideation, 1386–1387 history and folk use of, 868–869
exercise for, 1053 Sulfa-drug antibiotics, 1711b pharmacology of, 869–872
fight or flight response, 93 Sulfate, urinary, 243–244 quercetin in, 871–872
galactooligosaccharides and, 804–805 Sulfated proteoglycans, 991 quinones in, 869b
general adaptation syndrome, 1049 Sulfites, 1828–1829 toxicology, 872
glycemic volatility and, 1053 Sulfur, 630 Tai chi, multiple sclerosis and, 1598
as health determinant, 19b, 1393 Sunlight/sunbathing Talk test (exercise), 286–287
healthy view of, 1049–1050 during fasting, 1862 Tamas (inertia), 260
immune support and, 1009 in fasting, 298 Tamas mind type, 260
immune system effects of, 103 for psoriasis treatment, 1762–1763 Tamoxifen, 985
improving communication for, 1052b risks of, 1335 Tanacetum parthenium (feverfew), 873–875.e1, 1583,
influence on gut flora of, 233 sunblock, 1371 1586
irritable bowel syndrome and, 1501, 1505f Superoxide dismutase (SOD), 736, 1773–1774, 1810 chemical composition, 873, 874f
kidney stone formation and, 1526 Supine straight-leg raise (Lasegue) test, 336f clinical applications, 874
I-46 INDEX

Tanacetum parthenium (feverfew) (Continued) TFA. See Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen Thyroid hormone replacement medications, for
description, 873, 873f–874f TFAs. See Trans fatty acids ­osteoporosis, 1642
dosage, 875 Thalassemia, 1104, 1104f Thyroid hormone therapy, 1324–1325
drug interactions, 875 Thea sinensis (green tea), 1128 Thyroid hormones, 1067, 1421
history and folk use, 873 L-Theanine, for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), 1459t
for migraine headache, 874–875 (ADHD), 1161 Tidd, Jacob, 27
pharmacology, 873 T-helper cells, 111, 1119 Tight junctions, 168–169
for rheumatoid arthritis, 875 Theories/theoretical models Tilden, John H., 37
toxicity, 875 be’ champ, 49 Time conscious workouts, 289
Taraxacum officinale (dandelion root), 876–878.e1, 1294 Eclectic School of Medical Theory (Beach), 27 Time management, 1052b
anticancer and immune-enhancing effects, 878 etiological theories, 1288–1289 Time of day (Dincharya), 261
for blood sugar control, 877 five elements (phases) theory, 253–254 Timed up and go (TUG), 1788
chemical composition, 876–877, 877f free radical theory of aging, 733–734 Tincture of opium (laudanum), 267
clinical applications, 878 gate control theory, 340 Tinctures, 261
description, 876 germ theory, 28, 49 Tinel’s sign, 1203
for diabetes, 877 naturopathic medicine, 12–13, 15–17, 24, 49 Tinnitus, 406
digestive effects, 877 in acute illness, 16–17 melatonin for, 705
diuretic and weight loss effects, 878 in chronic illness, 17 Tissue damage
dosage, 878 core of, 13–14 Echinacea species, 569
drug interactions, 878 modern theory/process of development, 13–15 role of apoptosis in, 109
for gallstone treatment, 877, 1336 in Unani medicine, 396–402 Tissue distribution
history and folk use, 877 doctrine of the seven naturals, 397–400, 397f of vitamin K, 921f
as liver tonic, 877 four different temperaments, 398t of vitamin K1, 920
pharmacology, 877–878 invisible vis (quwwa), 396–397 Tissue mobilization, 1204
toxicity, 878 vis medicatrix naturae, 396 Tissues (Dhatus), 257, 260
Taraxasterol, 877f “Unifying Theory of Disease” (Harvard Health Letter), Tizanidine, 1254
Taraxerol, 877f 18b TNS. See Trigeminal nerve stimulation
Tartaric acid, 239 Theracurmin, 555, 558t To know (Khya), 258
Tartrazine, 1828 Therapeutic monitoring, 948–954.e3 Tobacco, oxidative stress and, 733
Taste (Water), 259 Therapeutic order, 12, 20–24, 21b Tollem causum, 95–97, 95b
Taurine, 990f, 993, 1073, 1302, 1307 Therapeutic relationship, 95b, 96 Toluene exposure, in pregnancy, 1723t–1724t
for ASD, 1178 Therapeutic response variables, 98 Tongue, appearance of healthy, 223
Taut end-feel, 337–338 Therapies, metabolism-regulating therapies, 1323–1324 Tonics, 845, 877
Taxane-related neuropathy, melatonin for, 702 Thermal chambers, in Crinnion Depuration Protocol, Topical melatonin, for breast irradiation dermatitis, 703
Taxines, 880 280 Topical vitamin A, for erythema multiforme (EM), 1309
Taxus brevifolia (Pacific yew), 879–882.e1, 879f Thermal effects, of water, 317 Tormentil root (Potentilla tormentilla), 1428, 1430
alopecia and, 881 Thermal therapy, 374 Total dietary fat intake, in pregnancy, 1716
chemical composition, 880 Thermogenesis Total Wellness (Pizzorno), 23
paclitaxel, 879, 880f Capsicum frutescens (cayenne pepper) for, 485 Touch, healing power of, 96
clinical applications, 881 diet-induced, 1612, 1613f Touch (Air), 259
description, 879 Zingiber officinale (ginger), 967 Toukuwan, 508
drug interactions, 882, 882b Thiamine (vitamin B1) Tower, Donald B., 332
history and folk use, 880 for epilepsy, 1302 Toxemia, 22, 22b, 37
medical problems affecting use of, 882b status determination of, 180 Toxic burden, 269–270, 270t–271t
pharmacology of, 880–881 Thiamine tetrahydrofurfuryl disulfide, for ASD, 1182 Toxic chemicals, 215–222.e2
side effects of, 881 Thiolase, 589 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 218t–219t, 220, 220f
toxicity, 881 Thiols disease and, 216, 217f
Taylor, Andrew, 31, 39 as antioxidants, 741 glyphosate, 218t–219t, 219–220, 219f
TDLU. See Terminal duct lobular unit magnesium, 741 indications for, 216, 218t–219t
Teas N-acetylcysteine and glutathione, 741 metallic, 215
antioxidant activity of, 744–745 zinc, 741–742 nonmetallic, 215
black versus green, 467 Thioredoxin, 737–738 treatment of exposure from, 221–222
flavonoids for cancer prevention, 745 Thomas, Lewis, 40 organophosphates, 218t–219t, 221, 221f
Hibiscus sabdariffa, 1398–1399 Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen (TFA), 353 toxic metals and, 215
Melissa officinalis (lemon balm), 711 Thomson, Samuel, 27, 267 in urine, 218t–219t
world production of, 466t Thomsonian doctors (“botanics”), 27 Toxic element screening, 1459t
Teleological behavior, of organisms, 309 Thomsonianism, 27, 267 Toxic exposure metabolites, 243
Teleology, in Unani medicine, 396 Thrombomodulin, 351 Toxic metal poisoning in infancy, ASD and, 1171
Temperaments, 397, 398t Thrombosis, 351, 941 Toxic metals, 733, 1602
Temperate phages, 780 Thrush, oral, 1383 atherosclerosis and, 1135
Tender points (soft tissue), 383 β-thujone, 433 glaucoma and, 1345
Tendon end-feel, 334 Thunder god vine (Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F), kidney disease and, 1509
Tennessee State Medical Association, 42 1775 Toxicant exposure, 1215
TENS. See Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation Thyme, 1224–1225 Toxicants, 270t
Tension headache, melatonin for, 705 Thyme essential oil (Thymus vulgaris), 1859, 1859f Toxicology/toxicity
in children, 701 Thymic stromal lymphopoietin, atopic dermatitis of Allium cepa (onion), 413
Teratogenicity, 948 ­(eczema) and, 1149–1151 Allium sativum (garlic), 419
Teratozoospermia, 1454t Thymus extracts, 1665 Ama, in Ayurvedic medicine, 261
Terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU), 1311 in glandular therapy, 303t, 305–306 Angelica species, 432
Terminalia arjuna, for congestive heart failure, 1240 for hepatitis viruses, 1364, 1367 of antioxidants, 750
Terpenes, 474 Thyroglobulin, 200 of Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood), 440
for gallstone treatment, 1335 Thyroid assessment for rheumatoid arthritis, 1771
Testosterone, 287–288, 1067–1068, 1384b for ASD, 1182–1183 of bee products, 442
for ASD, 1182 cancer of, soy protein and, 865 of Cannabis, 482
for sarcopenia, 1795 fibrocystic breast disease and, 1316–1317 of carnitine/L-carnitine, 500
Tethered capsule repeat challenge, 155 goiter, 200 carotenes/carotenoids, 450, 950
Tetrahydrobiopterin, 1810 goitrogens, 1403, 1415 of Centella asiatica (Gotu kola), 505
Tetrahydrocannabinol, 474 Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, 227–228, 1415 of Cimicifuga racemosa (black cohosh), 513–514
Tetraplegia, melatonin for, 699 replacement of, 1420 of citicoline (CDP-choline), 525
Tetraploid cells, 118 urticaria (hives) and, 1830 exacerbation of porphyrias by, 1711b
Texas medical wars, 69, 71, 75–76 Thyroid antibodies test, 1324 fish oil and, 609–611
1957, 75–76 Thyroid disruptors, 1416f of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree), 696
Textbook of Functional Medicine (Jones), 23 Thyroid effects, of Melissa officinalis (lemon balm), 710 neurotoxic chemicals, 1298–1299
Textbook of Natural Medicine (Bastyr), 46 Thyroid extracts, in glandular therapy, 303t, 306 of Panax ginseng (Korean ginseng), 766–767
Textbook of Pathology (Boyd), 309 Thyroid function tests, 1324 of pancreatic enzymes, 775
 INDEX I-47

Toxicology/toxicity (Continued) Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (thunder god vine), 1775, Unani medicine (Continued)
persistent organic pollutants, 1269, 1269f 1839 for nosebleed, 406
of phage therapy, 786 Triterpene compounds, 502f practice framework of, 402
of phosphatidylserine, 790 Triterpenoids, 680, 680f skin diseases, herbs for, 406, 407t
during pregnancy, 1722–1724, 1723t–1724t Trowell, Hugh, 363 summary of, 406–408
for protection against, 499 Trunk flexion test, 336 techniques of inquiry and assessment, 400–402
Toxin avoidance, for menopause, 1559–1560, 1559f Truss, Orion, 1220 of pulse, 400–401, 401f
Toxin exposure, 1413 Truth (Sat), 258 uroscopy, 401–402, 401f
ASD and, 1170–1171 Trypanosoma cruzi, Tabebuia avellanedae for, 870 theory in principle, 396–402
kidney stones and, 1526 Trypsin, 771b doctrine of the seven naturals, 397–400, 397f
Toxin reduction, probiotics and, 821 secretion, 154 four different temperaments, 398t
Toxins, hypothyroidism and, 1415–1416 Tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), 1079 invisible vis (quwwa), 396–397
Trace elements, 195 Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 (TPH2), 1079 vis medicatrix naturae, 396
Trace minerals, immune support by, 1014 Tryptophan/L-tryptophan, 237, 1070f, 1072–1073, 1744 therapeutic modalities, 402–405, 402f
Traction techniques, 336 for asthma treatment, 1125 environmental regimens for, 404, 404f
TRAIL. See Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) versus, 660 food-based or dietary, 403
inducing ligand for insomnia, 1490–1491 infallible remedy for, 405, 406f, 406b
Trall, Russell, 28–29 metabolism of, 658, 659f pharmacy, Materia Medica, and Black seed in,
Trametes versicolor, 683f urine indican test, 248, 248f 403–404, 403f–404f, 403t
Trance, 100 TSH. See Thyroid stimulating hormone pneumatology and wellness for, 405
Trans fats Tuberculosis (TB), 461 surgery, cauterization, blood letting for, 404–405
in endometriosis, 1291 TUG. See Timed up and go for tinnitus (ringing in the ears), 406
osteoporosis and, 1639 Tui na massage, for Parkinson’s disease, 1672–1673 “Unifying Theory of Disease” (Harvard Health Letter),
Trans fatty acids (TFAs), 131 Tumor (swelling), 164 18b
Transaminase enzymes, 1603 Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand United Kingdom, review of non-O status on thrombosis
Transcellular transport pathway, 170 (TRAIL), 110 risk, 351
Transcellular uptake, 170 Turkey tail (Trametes versicolor, Coriolus versicolor, “United States Infirmary”, 27
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), Kawaratake, Yun Zhi), 683f Universal health care, 60
342–343, 343t Turmeric/curcumin. See Curcuma longa Universal Naturopathic Directory and Buyer’s Guide, 32,
Transcutaneous tibial nerve stimulation, for overactive Turnera diffusa (damiana), 1471–1472 36
bladder, 1540 Turska’s formula, 1294 Universal Osteopathic College of New York, 31
Transferrin, 737 2000-Calorie diet, 1872t University of California San Francisco Center for Health
Transformation, of carotenes/carotenoids, 444–445 Tylophora asthmatica leaves, for asthma treatment, 1128 Professions, 45–46
Transport, of carotenes/carotenoids, 445 Type 2 diabetes, melatonin and zinc for, 705 University of Utah, Survey of Naturopathic Schools, 43
Transport mechanisms, 385, 912–914, 920, 921f, 923 Tyrosine, 1073, 1074t, 1418–1419 University of Washington, 366
Transport proteins, 737 Upper limbs, tension signs, 336
Transrectal ultrasonography, 1459t U “Upstream” processes, 4
Transsulfuration pathway, of methionine/homocysteine U. S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Urates, 1351t
degradation, 986f, 987 “Eating Right Pyramid”, 364 Urea breath testing, 231
Traumatic head injuries, citicoline (CDP-choline) for, food additives, 369 Urge-suppression techniques, for overactive bladder,
521–522 nutrition education, 364 1540
Travelers’ diarrhea, probiotics and, 815 U. S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare Urgency urinary incontinence, 1533–1534
Treatment methods (HEW), 44 Uric acid, 1350, 1350f, 1520t
choosing therapies, 6 UA. See Urinalysis metabolism of, 1525
prima non nocerum, 95 Ubiquinone. See Coenzyme Q10 Urinalysis (UA)
treat the whole person principle, 81b UC. See Ulcerative colitis collection and culturing methods of, 1252
Treatment of Epilepsy by Mistletoe, The (Colbatch), 906 Ulcerative colitis (UC) for cystitis, 1251
Treg cells, 162t, 163 Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 426 drug abuse testing, 152
Tremella aurantia, 689 butyrate enemas for, 1484, 1485t examination of, 1252
Tremella fuciformis, 689 causative factors, 19b, 1474 during fasting, 298
Tremella mesenterica, 689 mucin defects, 1477 for male infertility, 1459t
Triacetyluridine (TAU), affective disorders and, 1076 definition of, 1473–1474 for metal toxicity, 190–191
Tribulus terrestris (tribulus), 1450–1451, 1470–1472 melatonin for, 706 biomarkers of renal cadmium toxicity, 189
for PCOS, 1704 probiotics and, 817–818, 819t unprovoked, 189
Trichomonal vaginitis, 1818 Ulcers microscopic examination of, 1252
Trichomonas, 1849 Croton lechleri for, 549 Urinary dimethylphosphate (DMP), 271t
Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis), 1817–1820. diabetes-related foot, 1274, 1284–1285 Urinary incontinence, 1533–1534
e1, 1843 oral, 223, 224t Urinary indicators, of muscle mass/degradation, 1791
considerations for, 1817 Ulmus fulva (slippery elm), 1484 Urinary iodine, 200
conventional treatment for, 1818 for gastroesophageal reflux disease, 1342 Urinary isoprostane, 1183
diagnosis, 1817–1818, 1818f Ultrasound ASD and, 1183
diagnostic summary of, 1817 diagnostic, for sarcopenia, 1790 Urinary neopterin, 1183
diet for, 1819–1820 therapeutic, 1203 ASD and, 1183
lifestyle for, 1819 Ultraviolet light treatment, 1762–1763 Urinary odor reduction, 894
in men, 1818, 1819f Unani medicine, 391–408.e2 Urinary organic acids, 1179
nutritional supplements for, 1819–1820 Arabic healing and Islamic genius in, 391 Urinary porphyrins, 245–247.e2, 1183
therapeutic approach in, 1820 for asthma, 406 ASD and, 1183
therapeutic considerations for, 1818–1820 clinical quick notes in, 405–406 description of, 245
topical treatments for, 1820 comparisons and contrasts to, 391–392, 392t–393t heme biosynthesis, 245, 246f, 247t
topical trichomonacides for, 1819–1820 for coughing, 406 porphyrias, types of, 246t
in women, 1818 description, 391–392 porphyrinuria
Tridosh physiology, 259 diabetes, herbs for, 406, 407t clinical applications of, 247
Tridosha, 259 history of, 392–395 in environmental exposure, 245–247
Trifolium praetense (red clover), 1562–1563 contributions and influences from antiquity, Urinary potassium, 198
Trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS), 1306 392–393 Urinary pyrroles, 1183
Trigeminal neuralgia, 488 Islamic medicine, 393–394, 394f ASD and, 1183
Trigger points, 344, 383 post-Avicennan medicine, 394–395 Urinary sodium, 199
Triggers for lethargy (chronic fatigue), 406 Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
for apoptosis, 119–120 for melancholy (sadness, low mood, or depression), ABH antigen and, 348
in functional medicine model, 5–6 406 Arctostaphylos uva ursi for, 888
common, 5–6 metaphysical and philosophical foundations of, bacteriologic findings of, 1251t
triggers and provocation of illness, 5–6 395–396 cranberry juice for, 891–892
Triglycerides, elevation of, 1134 cosmology and human microcosm, 395–396, 396f as prophylactic, 893
Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek seed), for epistemology and ontology, 395 diagnosis of, 1250
PCOS, 1705 teleology and spiritual correspondences, 396 incidence by age and sex of, 1251t
I-48 INDEX

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) (Continued) Uterine fibroids (Continued) Vag pack, 1886
lactulose and, 807 Gelsemium/Phytolacca, 1837 Vaginal candidiasis, probiotics and, 820, 821t
probiotics and, 820 herbal extracts, 1837 Vaginal depletion packs (vag packs), 1218, 1680–1681,
typical symptoms in women, 1251t Scudder’s alternative, 1837, 1839 1886
Urine Turska formula, 1839 Vaginal infections (vaginitis)
kidney stones and, physical changes in, 1520t combination therapies for, 1839 ABH antigen and, 348
reducing odor of, 894 considerations for, 1834–1835 Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) for, 696
Urine culture, 1252 conventional medicine therapies for, 1839 yeast, 442, 1224
Urine dipstick, 1252 cumulative incidence of, 1838f Vaginal weight training, for overactive bladder, 1540
Urine indican test (Obermeyer test), 248–249.e1 diagnosis of, 1835 Vaginitis, 1840–1849.e4
clinical application of, 248–249 diagnostic summary of, 1834 atrophic, 1843, 1843b, 1849
conditions associated with elevations of, 249t diet for, 1835–1836, 1839 bacterial vaginosis, 1841–1842, 1849
interpretation, 249, 249t environmental endocrine disrupters in, 1835 boric acid for, 1847
Urine oxalate, 1522 herbal medicines for, 1839 botanical medicines for, 1845–1846, 1848
Urine Wheel, 401–402, 401f nutritional supplements for, 1836, 1839 considerations for, 1840–1841
Urogenital tract infections risk factors for, 1835f diagnostic approach to, 1848
phage therapy for, 785 surgery for, 1839 diagnostic summary of, 1840
probiotics and, 819–820 topical treatment for, 1839 dietary considerations for, 1843–1844, 1848
Urolithiasis, 895 Uterus estrogens for, 1847
Uropathic infectious agents, 357t intrauterine devices, 1681 Humulus lupulus (hops) for, 1845
Uropathogens, adhesion of, 892 intrauterine structural defects, 1570t infectious vaginitis, 1841–1843, 1842t
Uroscopy, 401–402, 401f UTIs. See Urinary tract infections iodine for, 1847
Ursolic acid, 829f Uva ursi (bearberry), 887–889.e1 kudzu (Pueraria mirifica) for, 1847
Urtica dioca (stinging nettle), 883–886.e2, 884f Lactobacillus probiotics for, 1846–1847
for allergic rhinitis, 886 V nutritional supplements for, 1844–1845, 1848
for arthritis, 885 VA. See Vaccenic acid recommendations for, 1848–1849
for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 884–885, 885t, 1195 Vaccenic acid (VA), 131 therapeutic considerations for, 1843–1848
chemical composition, 883, 884f Vaccinations/immunization trichomoniasis, 1843
for chronic renal failure, 886 asthma and, 1121 types of, 1841–1843
clinical applications, 884–886 history of fights against, 29 vaginal dehydroepiandrosterone for, 1847–1848
description, 883 Vaccinium macrocarpon (cranberry), 890–896.e3, 891f vulvovaginal candidiasis, 1842–1843, 1843f, 1843b
for diabetes mellitus, 886 adverse effects, 896 Valepotriates, 902, 903f
dosage, 886, 886t for antibiotic-resistant uropathogens, 892 Valeriana officinalis (valerian), 902–905.e1
drug interactions, 886 as antioxidant, 894 for anxiety and/or depression, 905
for galactagogue, 886 for bacteriuria and pyuria, 891 chemical composition, 902, 903f
history and folk use, 883 for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1194–1195 clinical applications, 904–905
pharmacology, 883–884 for calcium oxalate urolithiasis, 895 description, 902, 903f
by plant part, 885t for cancer, 894 dosage, 905
toxicity, 886 chemical composition, 890 drug interactions, 905
Urticaria (hives), 1821–1833.e3, 348 clinical applications, 891–895 history and folk use, 902
causes of, 1823–1830 description, 890 for insomnia, 904–905, 1492
bacteria, 1829 dosage, 895–896 for menopause, 905, 1564
drugs, 1825–1826, 1825b drug interactions, 896 pharmacology, 902–904
environmental toxicants, 1826–1827 for glycemic control, 895 for rheumatoid arthritis, 1775
food-related, 1827–1829 for Helicobacter pylori, 895 toxicity, 905
infections, 1829 history and folk use, 890–891 Valsalva effect, 336
mast cell-derived mediators, 1823b for insulin resistance, 895 Vanadium, 206
physical, 1823–1825 for neurogenic bladders, 892 Vancomycin-resistant enterococci, probiotics and, 816
viruses, 1829 for oral bacteria, 895 Vanilmandelic acid (VMA), 241
vitamin D deficiency, 1829–1830 for overactive bladder, 1541 Vaping devices, 1721–1722
Chinese medicine/acupuncture therapy for, 1830, 1833 for peristomal problems, 895 Varicose veins, 1850–1853.e1
classification of, 1822f pharmacology, 891 botanical medicines for, 1851–1852
conventional drug treatment for, 1830 for sexual activity, 891–892 conservative treatment for, 1853
description, 1821, 1821f for spinal cord-injured patients, 892 diagnostic summary of, 1850
clinical aspects, 1824t for urinary tract infections, 891–892, 1255 diet for, 1853
immune defense model, 1827f for vascular disease, 894–895 dietary factors, 1851
diagnosis, 1831–1832 Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry), 897–901.e2, 898f discussion on, 1850, 1851f
laboratory testing, 1831–1832 antiaggregation effect on platelets, 898 etiology of, 1850
physical examination and history, 1831, 1831t antiulcer effects of, 901 Vascular disease, microbial enzyme therapy for, 720
provocation tests, 1826t for atherosclerosis, 900 Vascular protection, in smokers, melatonin for, 706
test battery for, 1829t capillary permeability, 898 Vascular system, exercise for, 290
diagnostic summary of, 1821 for cataracts, 900, 1812 Vat constitutional type, 259
diet for, 1828t, 1832 chemical composition, 897 Vat Dosha, 259, 261–262
drugs for, 1832b clinical applications, 899–901 VBS. See Vertebrobasilar stroke
pathophysiology of, 1821–1823 collagen stabilization, 897–898 VC. See Vinyl chloride
physical medicine for, 1832 description, 897 VCS. See Visual contrast sensitivity testing
psychological aspects of, 1830, 1832 for diabetes, 900 Vega testing, 138–139
supplements for, 1831–1832 dosage, 901 Vegan diet, 381, 1124, 1650–1651
ultraviolet light therapy for, 1830 drug interactions, 901 vitamin B12-deficiency anemia and, 1102
U.S. Department of Labor’s Dictionary of Occupational for dysmenorrhea, 901 Vegetable intake, 365
Titles, 13 effects on cancer cells, 898–899 atherosclerosis and, 1138–1139
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), mold for glaucoma, 899–900, 1348 glycemic index for, 1411t
exposure assessment and, 209 history and folk use, 897 oxalate content of, 1523b–1524b
U.S. Homeopathic Pharmacopoeia, 307 for inflammatory bowel disease, 900–901 in pregnancy, 1716
U.S. Medical Licensing Exam, 45–46 for inflammatory joint disease, 900 vitamin sources, 911t, 922t–923t
U.S. Secretary of Education, 45–46 for macular degeneration, 1547 Vegetables, 1871, 1872
Utah, naturopathic medicine in, 78 for metabolic syndrome, 900 ASD and, 1178
early days, 78 for microscopical hematuria, 901 green leafy and cruciferous, 1871
open up, 78 for night vision and eye fatigue, 899 low-glycemic, 1872
shuts down again, 78 for ophthalmological applications, 899–900 starchy, 1872
Uterine fibroids, 1834–1839.e1 for periodontal disease, 1693 Vegetarian diet, 368
bioidentical progesterone for, 1839 pharmacology, 897–899 for gallstone treatment, 1333
botanical medicines for, 1837–1839 for retinal degeneration, 900 and osteoporosis, 1650–1651
Echinacea/red root, 1837 for smooth muscle relaxation, 898 in pregnancy, 1716–1717
Fraxinus/Ceonothus, 1837 toxicology, 901 for rheumatoid arthritis, 1772
 INDEX I-49

Velvet bean (Mecuna pruriens), 1471 Vitamin A (retinol) (Continued) Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) (Continued)
Vendor certification, 1882 food sources for, 444t immune support by, 1013–1014
Venous insufficiency, 504–505, 617, 828 forms of, 910f–911f kidney stone formation and, 1522–1524
Venous thromboembolism (VTE), 351, 1552 for hepatitis viruses, 1366 for migraine headaches, 1582f, 1586
Ventricular premature beats (VPBs), coenzyme Q10 for, for HIV/AIDS, 917, 1384b for osteoarthritis, 1628, 1631
532 for hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease, 1404 for osteoporosis, 1655
Verify, definition of, 722 immune support by, 1013 for Parkinson’s disease, 1673
Vertebrobasilar stroke (VBS), 335–336 for infections, 916–917 for premenstrual syndrome, 1743, 1747
Veterans Affairs Normative Aging Study, 103 for infectious diarrhea, 1425–1426, 1429 for rheumatoid arthritis, 1774
Vibration technique, for soft tissue manipulation, 384t interaction of vitamin K with, 943 for seborrheic dermatitis, 1804–1806
Vicia faba (fava bean), 360t for leukoplakia, 1528–1529 status determination of, 180
Vietnamese folklore, 1837 for lichen planus, 1531–1532 toxicology of, 953
Vinyl chloride (VC), 1602 life stages recommendations, 911t Vitamin B6 single-nucleotide polymorphism, 1637
Viral gastroenteritis, probiotics and, 815 for male infertility, 1466 Vitamin B9 (folic acid), 1075
Viral infections for measles, 916 for cervical dysplasia, 1217, 1219
apoptosis during, 111 for menorrhagia, 1572 for female infertility, 1447
common cold, 16 metabolism of, 912–914, 913f–915f for gout, 1352–1353
Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) for, 674 absorption, 912 for hypertension, 1396
immune response to, 17b conversion of beta-carotene to, 913–914 immune support by, 1014
male infertility and, 1463 transformation in intestinal mucosa, 912 for infectious diarrhea, 1426, 1429
pancreatic enzymes for, 774–775 transport, storage, and excretion of, 912–914 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1481
urticaria secondary to, 1829 nomenclature, 910 for male infertility, 1468, 1472
Viral pathogens non-provitamin A carotenoids, 444t for osteoporosis, 1655
caliciviruses, 369 for osteoarthritis, 1628, 1631 for periodontal disease, 1693
cowpox virus, 111 for otitis media, 1663 serum folate, 115
enterovirus, 1265 for parasitical infections, 916 toxicology of, 952–953
of infectious diarrhea, 1423 for peptic ulcer disease, 1686 Vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), 988
cytomegalovirus, 1423 for periodontal disease, 1692 for Alzheimer’s disease, 1095–1096
Epstein-Barr virus, 1423 physiologic roles of, 914–916 for asthma, 1126
parvovirus, 1423 epithelial tissue maintenance and development, 915 for cervical dysplasia, 1219
rotavirus, 1423 growth and development, 915 -deficiency anemia, 1102–1103, 1103f
Norwalk virus, 369 immune function, 916 supplements for, 1107
rhinovirus, 17b reproductive function, 915–916 deficiency of, 114
Viruses, antagonism against, 810 vision, 914–915 for female infertility, 1447
Vis medicatrix naturae (healing power of nature), 20b, 45, for pneumonia and bronchitis, 1200 for HIV/AIDS, 1384b
81b, 84–85, 309 potential applications of, 917 immune support by, 1014
naturopathic medicine and, 80 provitamin A carotenoids, 444t for infectious diarrhea, 1426, 1429
in placebo effect, 92 recommended dietary allowance, 910–911, 911t for inflammatory bowel disease, 1482
in Unani medicine, 396 for respiratory syncytial virus, 916–917 for male infertility, 1468, 1472
Viscum album (European mistletoe), 906–909.e1 for seborrheic dermatitis, 1804 oral versus injectable, 1106–1107
antineoplastic and immunostimulatory effects, for skin disorders, 917 for osteoporosis, 1655
907–908 status determination of, 180–181 for Parkinson’s disease, 1673
for cancer, 908 toxicity, 917–918 for PCOS, 1700–1701
cardiovascular effects, 907 toxicology of, 948–950 for sarcopenia, 1800
chemical composition, 906 for vaginitis, 1844 status determination of, 180
clinical applications, 908–909 Vitamin A single-nucleotide polymorphism, 1637 toxicology of, 954
description, 906, 907f Vitamin B, for Parkinson’s disease, 1671 for urticaria (hives), 1831
dosage, 909 Vitamin B complex, 1468 Vitamin C (ascorbic acid), 1060
drug interactions, 909 for alcohol detoxification/treatment, 1086–1087 for acne vulgaris/acne conglobata treatment, 1060
history and folk use, 906 for female infertility, 1446 for alcohol detoxification/treatment, 1086
for hypertension, 1399 for insomnia, 1491 as antioxidants, 738, 750
for immune support, 908–909 for menorrhagia, 1572 for asthma, 1125–1126
pharmacology, 907–908 for rosacea, 1779 atherosclerosis and, 1144
toxicity, 909 Vitamin B supplementation, for carpal tunnel syndrome, for cancer, 738
Viscum album coloratum, 909 1204 for cardiovascular disease, 738
Vishnu (god of protection), 258 Vitamin B1 (thiamine) for cataracts, 738, 1809, 1813
Vision (Fire), 259 for Alzheimer’s disease, 1095 for as cell response modifier, 738
Visual contrast sensitivity testing (VCS), for mold expo- for congestive heart failure, 1238 for cervical dysplasia, 1216–1217, 1219
sure assessment, 211 for female infertility, 1446 for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1234
Vital force, 52 for HIV/AIDS, 1384b for chronic kidney disease, 1514–1515
of life, 22, 82, 310 Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) for constipation, 1248
Vitalism, 81–82 for cataracts, 1810–1811 deficiency of, 1334
meaning of symptoms in, 83 for female infertility, 1446 for diabetes, 738
versus mechanism, 80–81 for migraine headaches, 1581, 1581f, 1586 for diabetes management, 1278
Vitamin A (retinol), 910–918.e2 for osteoporosis, 1655 for endometriosis, 1292
for acne vulgaris/acne conglobata treatment, Vitamin B3 (niacin) for female infertility, 1445
1058–1059 affective disorders and, 1075 for glaucoma, 1345, 1348
for alcohol detoxification/treatment, 1085–1086 for diabetes management, 1278 for gout, 1353
antioxidant potential of, 447t for gout, 1353 for hemorrhoids, 1756
carotenoids to, conversion of, 445 for hepatitis viruses, 1366 for hepatitis viruses, 1362, 1367
for cataracts, 1811 for lowering cholesterol levels, 1140–1142, for HIV/AIDS, 1385b
for cervical dysplasia, 1216 1140t–1141t for hypertension, 738, 1396
clinical applications, 916–917 for osteoporosis, 1655 immune support by, 1013
for Crohn’s disease, 1481 side effects of, 1141–1142 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1482
deficiency of, 911–912 toxicology of, 953 kidney stone and,
determination of, 912 for urticaria (hives), 1831 for leukoplakia, 1529
immune system effects, 912 Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), 1060 for male infertility, 1465–1466, 1472
xerophthalmias, 912, 912t for acne vulgaris/acne conglobata, 1060 for menopause, 1560
dietary sources, 911, 911t for asthma treatment, 1125 for menorrhagia, 1572
distribution in human tissue, 914t for cervical dysplasia, 1217 for multiple sclerosis, 1599
dosage, 917 for diabetes management, 1279 for neurodegeneration, 738
drug interactions, 918 for epilepsy, 1301–1302, 1307 for osteoarthritis, 1627, 1631
for dry eyes, 917 for female infertility, 1446–1447 for osteoporosis, 1655–1656
for female infertility, 1444 for HIV/AIDS, 1384b for otitis media, 1664
for fibrocystic breast disease (FBD), 1316 for hypertension, 1396 for pelvic inflammatory disease, 1680
I-50 INDEX

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) (Continued) Vitamin E (tocopherols) (Continued) Vitamin K3 (menadione)

for periodontal disease, 1691–1693 for menorrhagia, 1572 for cancer treatment, 941–942
for pneumonia and bronchitis, 1200 mortality risk and, 749–750 chemical composition of, 920f
in pregnancy, 1736–1737 for neurodegenerative disease, 739 forms, sources, absorption, and metabolism of,
for rheumatoid arthritis, 1774 for osteoarthritis, 1628 919–924
scurvy, 223 for PCOS, 1702 occurrence and properties of, 924
for streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat), 1815–1816 for peptic ulcer disease, 1686, 1688 Vitamin toxicity, 948–954.e3
toxicology of, 952 for periodontal disease, 1692 laboratory tests for, 954, 954t
for vaginitis, 1844 for pneumonia and bronchitis, 1200 Vitamins/vitamin supplement
Vitamin D in pregnancy, 1736–1737 for cataracts, 1811
for asthma, 1127 for premenstrual syndrome, 1744, 1747 fat-soluble vitamin status, 180–181
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and, for rheumatoid arthritis, 1773 fat-soluble vitamins, 229
1160 for sarcopenia, 1800 for HIV/AIDS, 1389–1390
for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1193 status determination of, 181 for hypothyroidism treatment, 1419–1420
boron and, 454 toxicology of, 951 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1481–1482, 1483t
for chronic kidney disease, 1515 for vaginitis, 1844–1845 for multiple sclerosis, 1599
for epilepsy, 1303 for xenobiotic receptor activation, 943f in pregnancy, 1725, 1726t–1729t
for female infertility, 1447–1448 Vitamin K, 919–947.e5 for premenstrual syndrome, 1744
for inflammatory bowel disease, 1481 average intake (Dutch population), 924t for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1773
interaction of vitamin K with, 936, 943 for cardiovascular health, 937–941 for sports nutrition, 1038–1039
for male infertility, 1467 complementary interventions with, 936 status determination of, 178–180, 179t
for osteoarthritis, 1627, 1628f, 1628t current RDI versus expanded criteria for, 945–946 water-soluble vitamin status, 178–180
for Parkinson’s disease, 1670–1671 deficiency of, 942 water-soluble vitamins, 952–954
for PCOS, 1702–1703 for dental bone support, 937 Vitex agnus castus (chaste tree or berry), 955–958.e1,
for periodontal disease, 1692–1693 description of, 919 956f
in pregnancy, 1737–1738 disappointing and conflicting results of, 935–936 chemical composition of, 955, 956f
status determination of, 181 dosing considerations of, 945–947 for corpus luteum insufficiency, 956, 957t
toxicology of, 950–951 effect of dosage, 923–924 description of, 955
for uterine fibroids, 1836, 1837f effects of MK-7 on raising bone content of, 934 dosage of, 958
for vaginitis, 1844 forms, sources, absorption, and metabolism of, drug interactions of, 958
Vitamin D binding protein, 1078 919–924, 920f efficacy of, 957t
Vitamin D deficiency, 1146 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1481 for endometriosis, 1294
Vitamin D hypersensitivity, 951 inflammatory modulation by, 925 for female infertility, 1450–1451
Vitamin D single-nucleotide polymorphisms, 1637 interactions with other vitamins, 939, 943–944 for fibrocystic breast disease (FBD), 1317
Vitamin D2/calcitriol, 1060 interactions with pharmaceuticals, 943–944 history and folk use of, 955
for acne vulgaris/acne conglobata, 1060 kidney stone formation and, 1525 for hyperprolactinemia, 958
affective disorders and, 1075 for menorrhagia, 1572 for infertility and secondary amenorrhea, 958
for hepatitis viruses, 1363, 1367 for oral health, 937 for menorrhagia, 1573
for HIV/AIDS, 1384b, 1390 for osteoarthritis, 1628–1629, 1631 for PCOS, 1704–1705
for hyperthyroidism/Graves’ disease, 1404 for osteoporosis, 1653–1654 pharmacology of, 955, 956f
immune support by, 1013 recycling and carboxylation reactions of, 925f for premenstrual syndrome, 1745
for multiple sclerosis, 1596 role in bone health of, 926–937, 926f and cyclic mastalgia, 956–958, 957t
for osteoporosis, 1653 safety of, 947 side effects of, 958t
for premenstrual syndrome, 1744, 1747 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, 1637 toxicology of, 958
for psoriasis, 1764–1766 status biomarkers, 944–945 Vitex vinifera (grape seed skin), 823
for rheumatoid arthritis, 1774 status determination of, 181, 944–945 Vitexin-4’-rhamnoside, 544f
for sarcopenia, 1793, 1799–1800 toxicology of, 951–952 Vithoulkas, George, definition of health, 310
Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) xenobiotic receptor activation, 943f Vitis vinifera (grape seed)
for multiple sclerosis, 1599 Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone or phytomenadione), for cataracts, 1812
for osteoporosis, 1653 919–924 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1487
for Parkinson’s disease, 1673 in bone mineral density, 927, 929t–930t for macular degeneration, 1547
Vitamin deficiencies, 948 for cancer treatment, 941–942 for periodontal disease, 1693
lichen planus and, 1531 chemical composition of, 920f for varicose veins, 1853
Vitamin E (tocopherols) conversion to K2 of, 921–922 Vivisection, 29
for acne vulgaris/acne conglobata treatment, 1060 dosages of, for osteocalcin activation, 927, 928t–930t, VMA. See Vanilmandelic acid
as antioxidants, 738–740 932t–933t VOCs. See Volatile organic compounds
gamma-tocopherol, 739 food sources of, 922t Volatile oils, 414, 1224–1225, 1499
tocotrienols, 739–740 forms, sources, absorption, and metabolism of, 920 Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), 1602
for asthma, 1126 on fracture rate, 927–934, 929t–930t Vomiting, 969
atherosclerosis and, 1143–1144, 1143t–1144t interventions with, 927, 929t–930t Cannabis for, 475–476
for atopic dermatitis (eczema), 1153 on markers of bone metabolism, 927 von Willebrand factor (vWF), 350–351, 352f
for cancer, 739 mechanism of action of, 924–926 VPBs. See Ventricular premature beats
for cardiovascular disease, 739 for prevention, 946 VTE. See Venous thromboembolism
for cataracts, 1810 Vitamin K2 (menaquinones) Vulvodynia, 1840–1849.e4, 1253
as cell response modifier, 740 on bone mineral density, 934 Vulvovaginal candidiasis, 1842–1843, 1843f, 1843b
for cervical dysplasia, 1219 on bone strength and quality, 934 Vulvovaginitis, 1840–1849.e4
for chronic fatigue syndrome, 1234 for cancer treatment, 942 vWF. See von Willebrand factor
for chronic kidney disease, 1515 chemical composition of, 920f
deficiency of, 1334 compared to bisphosphonates, 935 W
for diabetes, 739 conversion to K1 to, 921–922 Walking, as exercise, 282, 288
management, 1278 dosages of Walnuts, for atherosclerosis, 1138
for endometriosis, 1293 for osteocalcin activation, 927, 928t–930t, 932t–933t Wardwell, Walter, 42–43
for epilepsy, 1303, 1307 in supraphysiological range, 933t, 934–935, 935f Warfarin, 940–941
for female infertility, 1445 evolutionary intake of, 946 coenzyme Q10 and, 536
for fibrocystic breast disease (FBD), 1315–1316 food sources of, 922t–923t Warts, anogenital, 1753
for hepatitis C and E viruses, 1362, 1367 forms, sources, absorption, and metabolism of, 919–924 Washington, George, 267
for herpes simplex virus, 1371 hydrolyzed collagen protein and, 936 Washington Lecture Association, 29
for HIV/AIDS, 1384b interventions with, 929t–930t, 932t, 934 Wasting syndrome, 1387–1388, 1387b
immune support by, 1013 on markers of bone metabolism, 934 Water
for immunity, 739 mechanism of action of, 924–926 basic properties of, 318
for inflammatory bowel disease, 1481, 1487 for prevention, 946–947 for gallstone treatment, 1336
interaction of vitamin K with, 943 role in bone health and osteoporosis, 926–937, 926f Kaph (biologic water), 259
for leukoplakia, 1529 sources of, 920–922 physiologic effects of, 317–320
for male infertility, 1466, 1472 supplement forms and doses of, 923–924 taste, 259
for menopause, 1561 therapeutic dosage of, 946–947 temperature on fever, 320
 INDEX I-51

Water-Cure Journal, 29 Willow bracket, 689, 689f Zinc, 203–204, 741–742, 1014, 1076
Water-damaged buildings, mold exposure and, 209–211, Wilson disease, 199 for acne vulgaris/acne conglobata, 1059–1060
210t–212t Wintrobe method, 122, 122b for alcohol detoxification/treatment, 1085
Water-holding capacity, of fiber, 979 Witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana), 1755 as antioxidant, 736
Water intake, 126 Witch’s butter (Tremella fuciformis, Tremella aurantia, for ASD, 1182
absorption of, 229 Tremella mesenterica), 689 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and,
conditions improved by, 963–964 Withania somnifera, 1471–1472 1160
asthma and allergies, 964 Withdrawal, from alcohol, 1089 for benign prostatic hyperplasia, 1193
coronary heart disease and fatal myocardial infarc- Wnt pathway, 1642f for cataracts, 1811
tion, 963–964 Woerishofen facility, 31 for cervical dysplasia, 1217
migraine headache, 964 Women, soy protein effects on, 860 for Crohn’s disease, 1480
peptic ulcers and dyspepsia, 964 Women’s issues for diabetes management, 1279
weight loss, 964 hysterectomy, 1219 for epilepsy, 1303, 1307
dehydration ideal water intake, 961 for erythema multiforme, 1309
causes of, 960 idiopathic cyclic edema, 627 for female infertility, 1446
jet lag and, 962 ovarian cancer, 354 hair mineral analysis for, 152
multiple-organ-system effects of, 963 as risk factors for osteoporosis, 1635 for hepatitis C, 1362
signs/symptoms, 960 symptoms of urinary tract infections in, 1251t for herpes simplex virus, 1370
subclinical (hypohydration), 963 “Working Definition of Naturopathic Nutrition”, 14–15 for HIV/AIDS, 1384b
factors influencing, 960 World Health Organization (WHO), 189, 252 for infectious diarrhea, 1426, 1429
during fasting, 1862 mold exposure assessment and, 209 for inflammatory bowel disease, 1487
in fasting, 298 Wormwood. See Artemisia absinthium for male infertility, 1467–1468, 1472
hydration Wound healing, 499 melatonin and, for type 2 diabetes, 705
for athletes and laborers, 961 Aloe vera (Cape aloe) for, 424–425 for osteoarthritis, 1628, 1631
cognitive-motor function and, 963 boron for, 456 for osteoporosis, 1648–1650
effect on blood flow of, 962–963 Centella asiatica (Gotu kola) for, 505 for otitis media, 1665
for elderly, 962 diabetes-related poor, 1274 for PCOS, 1702
of fatty acids, 588 in diabetic patients, 1274, 1284 for peptic ulcer disease, 1686, 1688
for infectious diarrhea, 1425 Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) for, 674–675 for periodontal disease, 1692
special needs, 961 in pregnancy, 1738
in winter, 962 X for premenstrual syndrome, 1744, 1747
ideal, 960–961 Xanthoxylum americanum (prickly ash), 1294 for rheumatoid arthritis, 1773
metabolism of, 961–962 Xanthurenic acid, 243 for rosacea, 1779
cell hydration and behavior, 962 Xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes (XMEs), 1669 for vaginitis, 1845
oxygen transport, 961 Xenobiotic pollutants, exposure to, intestinal permeabil- zinc/copper ratios, 195
protein structure and function, 962 ity and, 173–174 Zinc Paradox, 1096
versus other beverages, 961 Xenobiotics, 270t, 735, 943f, 1351–1352, 1769–1770 Zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), 202
roles to the body of, 959–960 Xenoestrogens Zingiber officinale (ginger), 965–970.e2, 875,
sources of water, 960 endometriosis and, 1288 1353
temperature of water, 961 exposure, 1459–1460 analgesic effects, 967
thirst, 370, 960–961 Xerophthalmias, 912, 912t antibiotic activity, 967
water loss portals, 960 Xerostomia, coenzyme Q10 and, 529 anticancer effects, 967–968
water versus other beverages, 961 XMEs. See Xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes antioxidant effects of, 966
for weight reduction, 1616 Xylene, 218t–219t antiulcer effects, 967
Water-only fasting, 295 exposure, 243 cardiotonic and hypotensive properties of, 967
Water-soluble vitamin status, assessment of, 178–180 Xylitol, 1665 chemical composition of, 965, 966f
Water-soluble vitamins, 949t, 952–954 cholesterol-lowering and hepatic effects of, 967
vitamin B3 (niacin), 953 for chronic kidney disease, 1516–1517, 1517f
Y
vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), 953 description of, 965, 966f
Yamabushitake, 686–687, 686f
vitamin B9 (folic acid), 952–953 dosage of, 970
Yarrow (Achillea millefolium), 1755
vitamin B12 (cobalamins), 954 drug interactions of, 970
Yeast
vitamin C (ascorbic acid), 952 gastrointestinal smooth muscle effects, 967
ASD and, 1177–1178
Water supply, U. S., 370 history and folk use of, 965
beta-glucans, 1015
Weight balance, 1440–1441 for inflammatory disorders, 969–970
foods containing, 1222
Weight control, 1522 insulin and blood glucose effects on, 968
for immune support, 1016
Weight loss. See Dieting/weight loss for menorrhagia, 1572–1573
markers of, 237–239
Welch, William, 30 for migraine headaches, 1583–1584, 1586
Yeast Connection, The (Crook), 1220
Wellness (Unani medicine), 405 for motion sickness, 968–969
Yeast infections, 1224
Weltmer, Sidney, 37 for nausea and vomiting, 969
of gastrointestinal tract, 234
Wendel, Hugo R., 31 for osteoarthritis, 1631
Malassezia, 1804
Wernicke encephalopathy, 299 for peptic ulcer disease, 1687
vaginal, 1224
Westergren method, 122, 122b pharmacology of, 966–968
yeast syndrome, 1220
Western Diseases (Burkitt and Trowell), 363 platelets and fibrinolysis, effects on,
Yersinia enterocolitica, 1424
Western Health Reform Institute, 37 966–967
Yin and Yang forces, 253
Wet sheet pack, 326–327 prostaglandin and leukotriene metabolism, effects
Yoga, 23, 100, 1203, 1306
Whey protein, 1046–1047, 1362, 1367 on, 966
for affective disorders, 1071
White blood cells/macrophages, 163, 1690 for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 1775
multiple sclerosis and, 1598
White fat, 1612 thermogenic properties of, 967
Young individuals, vitamin K support, 937
WHO. See World Health Organization toxicology of, 970
Youngest Science (Thomas), 40
Whole-body interventions, 6–7 Zizyphi fructus (jujube plum), 1128
Yucca, 1629, 1631
Whole-foods diet, balanced, 1403 Zolpidem, melatonin with, 707
Yun Zhi, 683f
Whole grains, 1873, 1873t “Zone therapy”, 37
“Yungborn”, 31
Whorton, James, 28, 38 Zonula adherens, 169
Yunnan Baiyao, 509
on hygienic movement, 29 Zonula occludens, 168–169
on transition to professionalized naturopathy, 47 Zonulin, 172
Wild indigo. See Baptisia tinctoria Z celiac disease and, 1207–1208, 1208f, 1208t
Wild-caught fish, farmed versus, 594–595, 595f Zang Fu, 254 ZPP. See Zinc protoporphyrin
Williams, Roger, 361 Zeaxanthin, 444f Zung’s self-rating depression scale, 1326