Mr.

Potter - AP Human Geography Name: _________________

Due: September 3rd, 2021 Block __

Chapter 1: This is Geography - pp. 36 - 72

Make a copy of this for your assignment on Chapter 1 - due the second day of class.
All chapter notes are due by the beginning of the class for which they are assigned in printed (hard copy)
form.
This column is for your notes on each of the 13 text chapters - This left-hand column is for your
approximately 30 - 40 pages each. thinking about the notes you take in
the left hand column and in many
Start with 12 pt font, but 10 is still permissible. ways are more important - not just
the facts but your thinking about the
Maintain key issues (number/capital/bold), section (capital/bold) facts.
and subsection (bold) headings.
The comments here can take
Include the entire chapter while at the same time getting your notes several forms:
to be no more than 7 pages (reduce the material to its essentials).
- Connections to other things you
Purposes: know (and other HGAP content)
1) Learn the material thoroughly for quizzes/tests and
2) Get the roughly 500 pages of text into a 90 page review packet - Comments/Reactions on why
for yourself to use in April 2022 for the IB Exam review. something is important/interesting

- Questions you have - rhetorical or

ones you want to ask in class

- Guesses on how something might

end up on an HGAP test

- Judgement: agree/disagree with a

POV or assumption in the text

- Something in the text which gets

you to question something or even
change your mind/perspective

- Something you want to know

about more in depth

- Other ways you show you are

thinking about the material

This bottom section is brief, and can either be at the bottom of the page or end of each Key Issues Section.
It is for a quick holistic summary -- something you can look at later to quickly remember what’s here.
Chapter 4 – Folk and Popular Culture
 Mr. Potter - AP Human Geography Name: _________________
Due: September 3rd, 2021 Block __

KEY ISSUE 1: WHERE ARE FOLK AND POPULAR

LEISURE ACTIVITIES DISTRIBUTED?

-habit: repetitive act that a particular individual performs, such as

wearing jeans to class every day.
-custom: repetitive act of a group, performed to the extent that it
becomes characteristic of the group.
ex) students typically wearing jeans to class (in schools with no
uniform)

4.1.1 INTRODUCING FOLK AND POPULAR CULTURE Homogeneous: of the same kind;
-folk culture: traditionally practiced primarily by small, alike
homogeneous groups living in isolated rural areas Heterogeneous: diverse in character
or content (antonym of
Landscapes dominated by folk culture change relatively over time. homogeneous)
The disappearance of local folk culture reduces local diversity in
the world.

-popular culture: found in large, heterogeneous societies that share

certain habits despite differences in other personal characteristics Especially now with easy access to
social media
Popular culture is based on rapide simultaneous global connections
through communication systems. At a global scale, popular culture
is becoming more dominant.

4.1.2 ORIGIN, DIFFUSION, AND DISTRIBUTION OF FOLK

AND POPULAR CULTURE
Origin
-folk culture often has anonymous hearths. Can have multiple
hearths
-Popular culture is often traceable to a specific person or
corporation in a particular place.
Diffusion
-folk culture transmitted from one location to another relatively
slowly and on a small scale
-popular culture typically spreads through a process of hierarchical Hierarchical from famous
diffusion, diffusing rapidly and extensively from hearths or nodes influencers, social media,
of innovation with help of modern communication. celebrities etc.
Distribution
-Buddhists: In the northern region, Buddhists paint idealized divine
figures, such as monks and saints. Some of these figures are
depicted as bizarre or terrifying.
-Hindus: in the southern region, Hindus created scenes from
everyday life and familiar local scenes.
-Muslims: to the west, folk art is inspired by the region’s beautiful Is this distribution about religion?
plants and flowers. These paintings do not depict harsh climatic
 Mr. Potter - AP Human Geography Name: _________________
Due: September 3rd, 2021 Block __

conditions (different from Buddhist and HIndus) Are there different distribution
-Folk religionists: people from Myanmar and elsewhere in patterns for smaller folk cultures?
Southeast Asia, who have migrated to the eastern region of the
study area, paint symbols and designs that derive from their religion
rather than from the local environment.

Summary
Folk culture is practiced primarily by small, homogeneous groups living in isolated rural areas, while
popular culture is found in large societies that share certain habits despite differences in other personal
characteristics. Global scale, popular culture is becoming dominant, and there are conflicts between folk
culture and popular culture.

KEY ISSUE 2: WHERE ARE FOLK AND POPULAR

MATERIAL CULTURE DISTRIBUTED

4.2.3 FOLK FOOD CUSTOMS

Food and the Environment
terroir: French term describing the contribution of a location’s
distinctive physical features to the was food tastes Similar to how different cultures
Certain foods are eaten in folk cultures because their natural see different colors.
properties are perceived to enhance qualities considered desirable by
the society.
Food Taboos
Taboo: restriction on behavior(refuse to eat particular plants or
animals) imposed by religious law or social custom

4.2.4 POPULAR FOOD PREFERENCES

Regional Differences: Global Scale
Coca-Cola/Pepsi, similar beverages, different sales patterns. Food choices relate to
Influenced by politics in Russia. popular/folk culture. also has
Boycott etc. different eating etiquette and
Regional Differences: U.S Snack and Fast Food table manners.
Influence of cultural factors on regional variation in food choices
Basis of preference for what is produced, grown, imported locally
Many regional variations are not clearly linked to cultural or
environmental factors.

Summary
Food customs can also vary in different folk cultures. I personally believe that food culture is less
influenced aspect of folk culture by popular culture, because different culture all have own ways of eating
and food preferences.
 Mr. Potter - AP Human Geography Name: _________________
Due: September 3rd, 2021 Block __

KEY ISSUE 3: WHY IS ACCESS TO FOLK AND POPULAR

CULTURE UNEQUAL?

4.3.1 DIFFUSION OF TV AND INTERNET

Distribution and Diffusion of TV I think nowadays people use
-watching TV: most popular leisure activity in the world more social media, Netflix,
-TV ahs been most important mechanism by which popular culture YouTube, etc.
has rapidly diffused across Earth
TV DDiffusion
Early 20th century: Multiple hearths
Mid 20th century: US dominates
Late 20th century: Diffusion to Europe
Early 21st century: Near-universal access Internet is diffusing a lot quicker
Diffusion of the Internet now than before from what I feel
-1995 most countries didn’t have Internet service like
-1995~2000 internet users increased rapidly in US
-2000~2014 internet usage continued to increase rapidly in the US.
To 87 percent.

DIFFUSION OF SOCIAL MEDIA

Diffusion of Facebook I think people use Instagram a lot
Founded in 2004 by Harvard students. more than Facebook nowadays.
Number of Facebook users continued to increase in the United States Change of popular culture.
to 152M in 2014.
China and Russia are absent from the stats of Facebook users.
Diffusion of Twitter
The US was the source of ⅓ of twitter messages in 2014.
2nd most is India - one of the poorest
This may be a preview of future trends

Summary
Especially nowadays, the influence of internet diffusion can be clearly seen around us. Almost all people
around us can’t live with their electronic devices. First was diffusion of TV then internet, now social
media, the trend is changing as population culture also changes.

KEY ISSUE 4: WHY DO FOLK AND POPULAR CULTURE

FACE SUSTAINABILITY CHALLENGES?

4.4.1 SUSTAINABILITY CHANGES FOR FOLK CULTURE

assimilation: process of giving up traditions and adoption of the social
 Mr. Potter - AP Human Geography Name: _________________
Due: September 3rd, 2021 Block __

customs of the dominant culture of the place.

acculturation: process of adjustment to the dominant culture, while
retaining features of a folk culture.
Preserving Cultural Identity: The Amish
Amish provide ex of cultural group retaining distinctive folk culture Instead of being influenced by
living in popular culture. the popular culture, the culture
Contemporary distribution across the US i explained through relocates, and becomes a hearth
relocation diffusion. there
Challenging Cultural Values: Dowries In India
Changes in long kept cultural value can lead to instability and
violence.
Contact with popular culture has had negative impacts for women in
developing countries. Regards women as essentially equal at home,
but objects for economic value in foreign folk culture.

Summary
Changes in folk culture and conflict with popular culture causes problems, or there are cases where folk
culture retain their characteristics even living in areas where popular culture is clearly the dominant.