Volodymyr Kartashov. Molde. 24.10.
2023
Article
Towards the Construction of the
World Anti-Doping Agency:
Analyzing the Approaches of FIFA approaches of FIFA and
and the IAAF to Doping in Sport
(Wagner 2011)
In your own words, What is the theory applied in research? What
what do the author(s) model or framework the author(s) draw on /
try to examine here? use in research?
What do they try to do?
The author tried to The author used the institutional theory to
evaluate and compare the structure the analysis. This theory explains how
the structures, norms, and behaviors within sport
IAAF in addressing the institutions impact the choices and policies made
issue of doping in sports by organizations regarding doping. The new
institutional framework offers a profound
comprehension of the decision-making processes
within various organizations
In what way helps the theory, the model or
framework the author(s) to discuss their findings?
Identify and refer to specific instances from the
article.
The concept of decoupling (new institutional
theory) is employed to explain how FIFA initially
adopted formal anti-doping measures but did not
implement them effectively. This strategy allowed
FIFA to appear compliant with institutional
expectations while avoiding the full adoption of
anti-doping measures. For instance, FIFA's formal
declaration of support for the World Anti-Doping
Code while simultaneously pursuing a course of
individual case management.
The “shift in strategies” (institutional theory) helps
in explaining the shift in FIFA's strategy from
avoidance to manipulation. Initially, FIFA resisted
and decoupled from WADA's guidelines but later
engaged in manipulation by influencing changes in
anti-doping measures, particularly before the 2007
code revision. This strategic shift is a response to
changing institutional pressures and the need for
FIFA to maintain environmental legitimacy.
The idea of the institutional entrepreneurship
(institutional theory) is employed to explain how
the IAAF took a proactive stance in addressing the
problem of doping in sport. They exerted efforts to
make changes and improvements in response to
doping. They supported the idea of having
consistent rules and punishments and were among
the first to embrace standardized anti-doping
procedures.
Volodymyr Kartashov. Molde. 24.10.2023
“From Heroes to Zeroes” –
self-initiated expatriation of
talented young footballers
(Egilsson and Dolles 2017)
The primary aim of this
article is to investigate the
experiences of talented
young Icelandic football
players as they move from
Iceland to play
professional football in
European leagues at an
advanced level.
The article uses a research framework based on
the concept of "self-initiated expatriation" and
international human resource management to
explore the experiences of young Icelandic
footballers transitioning to senior-level
professional football in European leagues.
The coping strategy framework helps the authors
organize and present their findings, showing
how these strategies are used by young football
players to navigate the challenging transition
into professional football.
The article explores coping strategies used by
athletes during their transitions into professional
football. In successful transitions, strategies like
self-control, support-seeking, planned problem-
solving, responsibility acceptance, and positive
reappraisal were employed. The framework helps
categorize and analyze these strategies, shedding
light on their role in achieving success. Conversely,
players facing unsuccessful transitions relied more
on emotion-focused strategies, primarily distancing.
This framework aids in contrasting the coping
strategies of successful and unsuccessful transition
groups.
Support-seeking strategies are emphasized as
crucial coping mechanisms for successful
transitions in professional football. Players who
sought support from psychologists, friends, and
family were better equipped to manage the stresses
associated with this transition.
The article also underscores the impact of coping
skills, especially problem-focused strategies, on a
player's career advancement in professional
football. The effective application of coping skills
is linked to the success or failure of the transition
process, highlighting their importance in athletes'
professional journeys
Volodymyr Kartashov. Molde. 24.10.2023
Celebration of Extreme
Playfulness:
Ekstremsportveko at Voss
(Mykletun 2009)
The author of this study
aims to investigate the
key factors contributing to
the growth and success of
festivals.
In this study, the author uses two theories, the
"resource dependency theory" and the "model of
competitive strategies," to investigate what
makes festivals successful. They examine how
these successful festivals adjust to and affect
their surroundings in ways that benefit
themselves and the environment. The study also
uses a framework that focuses on different types
of resources to understand how these successful
festivals relate to their surroundings.
Resource Dependency Theory clarifies how
Extreme Sports Week succeeded by adjusting to its
surroundings and actively shaping them. The
festival played an active role in its local
environment, forming strong connections with the
resources in that context. These interactions were
assessed using the capital framework. This theory
emphasizes that organizations, such as the festival,
need to efficiently handle and rely on the resources
available in their environment to achieve success.
The capital framework allowed for a
comprehensive analysis of the interactions between
the festival and its context. The study identified six
main "capitals" of the region - natural, human,
social, cultural, physical, and financial - and
showed how Extreme Sports Week balanced and
utilized these resources. The addition of
administrative capital was a key revelation,
highlighting its importance in festival development
and interaction with other capitals.