Lab # 8

Title: Refraction

Date: 03/01/22

Aim:

Apparatus/ materials:

Diagram:
Method: have to be in past tense

Results: Please print out and attach the diagram showing the results obtained in determining the
refractive index of glass

î/° 10.00 25.00 40.00 55.00 70.00 80.00

r/°
Sin i
Sin r
Calculation:

This lab is going to be marked as an AI. Therefore most marks will be taken from graph and
calculation. Please ensure that this section is done properly

(1) Using the results above, plot a graph of sin î against sin r. Draw your best fit line. Do not use a
broken scale ie start each axis at zero (0).
(2) Determine the gradient, m, of the graph……[NOTE: formula for gradient = (y2-y1)-(x2-x1)]
(3) Snells’ law suggests that î and r are related to the equation sin î=(ng) (sinr). Where ng is a
constant that represents the refracted index of glass
NOTE:
Sin î = ng * sinr
y =m *x

Therefore:- y axis = sinî

m = gradient = ng
x axis = sin r
From the above information state what is the value for ng

Discussion: Please answer in a paragraph form. Do not write questions

(1) What is refraction?

(2) Why are the emergent rays all parallel to their corresponding incident rays?
(3) What is the relationship between sinî and sinr. Is Snell’s law verified

Precautions: Use these precaution

(1) Ensure that the paper is attached to the optical board. Doing this can prevent errors from
occurring.
(2) To reduce parallax error, ensure that (S2, S1 ,O2 and O1) remain in a straight line when the eye is
moved to and fro.

Sources of error

(1) Human error. It can be difficult to identify the angle of refraction of the optical pins through the
glass block
(2) Human error. It can be difficult to read the angle of refraction using the protractor.

Conclusion:

Answers the aim of the experiment.