Metabolic Pathways

CONH 2 COO

HYALURONIC ACID DERMATAN BLOOD GROUP ALGINATES O-ANTIGENS STARCH GLYCOGEN + O O + O O COO
P GLYCOPROTEINS SUBSTANCES CH2COO OH N
Ribose -O - P - O - P - O- Adenosine(P)
N
Ribose - O - P - O - P - O -Adenosine + NICOTINATE COO COO

O GANGLIOSIDES PEPTIDO- CH2OH CH2OH N

11 + COO
MUCINS GLYCAN CH OHCHITIN CHONDROITIN PECTIN INULIN CELLULOSE O O NH NH O O O O Ribose- P 2.4.2. N N RP
Indoleacetate 6.3.5.1 2.7.7.18
L Indoxyl NAD( +P)
HO
O
2
O
O 1.1.1.132
O O (Auxin) 6.3.1.5 Desamino-NAD Nicotinate- 2.4.2.19
Quinolinate- A
Y AcNH
CHOH
CHOH COO - 6.3.2.7-10
COO - 2.4.1.68
2.4.1.69
HO CH3
OH OH OH
1.2.3.7
nucleotide nucleotide
2.4.2.19 R
O
S CH2OH 2.4.99.7 6.3.2.13 HO O OPPU HO OH OPPU CH3
OPPT
2.4.1.29
OH OH
HO
+
CH2CH(NH3)COO HO CH 2CH2NH 2 HO CH2CH2NHCOCH 3 CH3O CH 2CH2NHCOCH 3 COO O
OPC CH3CH 2.4.1.17 LACTOSE CH2CHO
A NHAC
UDP-
OH
HO HO OPPG
TDP-Rhamnose
OH OH
CH2OH NH NH NH NH N
COO
M
C HO COO- GDP- 2.4.1.21 O NH NH
5-Hydroxy- 4.1.1.28
5-Hydroxytryptamine 2.3.1.5 N-Acetyl-serotonin 2.1.1.4
N-Acetyl-5-O-methyl-serotonin Quinolinate
UDP-N-Ac-Muramate Iduronate OH
Mannuronate CH3
2.4.1.1 2.4.1.11 HO
etc. 2.4.1.21 3.2.1.23 Indole- Indole (SEROTONIN) (MELATONIN)
A
C GDP-Fucose O tryptophan T
CMP-N-Acetyl OH OH 2.7.1.38 acetaldehyde 1.14.16.4
CH2OH
H neuraminate
HO
CH2OH
O COO 5.1.3.12 O
5.1.3.13 O
OH OPPT OH 4.1.1.43 +
+
COCH2CH(NH 3)COO COO COO I
4.2.1.47 +
A CHOH
CHOH
O
COO
2.4.1.16
COO -
2.4.1.33
OH ADP- CH2OH GALACTOSE
CH 2COCOO
CO CH2CH(NH 3)COO
CHO
CO CH2CH(NH 3)COO
NH2 NH2 OCH NH2 OCH NH2
C
AcNH O
R CH2OH OH OPPU O
HO OH HO OPPG CH2OH
O
TDP-4-Oxo- Glucose CH2OH 4.1.99.1 NH
3.5.1.9
NH2 OH OH COO COO
Kynurenine 1.14.13.9 3-Hydroxy
OH
OH 2.7.7.43 HO 6-deoxyglucose 2.7.1.6
NH
Formylkynurenine 3.7.1.3
3-Hydroxy 1.13.11.6 2-Amino-3-carboxy 4.1.1.45
2-Aminomuconate-
I 3.1.3.29
1.1.1.158 CH2OH
O
NHCOCH 3 GDP-Mannose HO OH OPPU HO
O
Indolepyruvate kynurenine anthranilate muconate semialdehyde 6-semialdehyde A
OH OPPU
D HO UDP-N-Ac- CH2OH
HO OH HO OH
GDP-Glucose HO OH OP 2.4.1.22 1.13.11.11 COO H H Catechol M
N-Ac-Neuraminate Galactosamine OH
UDP-Glucose

1.4
E (Sialate)
HO O OPPU UDP-
O
2.7.7.13 MANNOSE 4.2.1.46
+
CH2CH(NH 3)COO
COO
1.2.1.32 I

.1
OH C-CH(OH)CH(OH)CH 2OP HOC-CH(OH)CH(OH)CH 2OP NH C C CH CH2OP
CH2 C 2 Galactose-P CH2CH 2NH2

.1
COO COO
S CH2OP NHAC Galacturonate 1.1.1.2
N

9
2.7.1.7 2.7.7.27 CH CH OH OH 1.14.12.1
COO O HO OH HO O P CH 2OH NH N NH2
O NH 4.2.1.20 N O
H H 2.4.2.18 OOC NH 2
UDP-N-Ac- 5.1.3.7 Mannose-1-P 2.7.7.34 O
Tryptamine
4.1.1.28
Indole-3-glycerol-P 1-(o-Carboxy phenylamino)
4.1.1.48
N-(5-P-Ribosyl) Anthranilate O
ACNH
HO OH
3.1.3.29
4.1.3.20 Glucosamine HO OH OPPU 5.1.3.6 CH 2OP
O
TDP-Glucose 2.7.7.9 5.1.3.2 HO
COO
TRYPTOPHAN 1-deoxyribulose-5-P anthranilate
OOC
2-Amino
OH 2.7.7.10
pyruvate OH 2.7.7.12 OH OPPU OC
HO COO COO COO OOC
muconate
N-Ac-Mannosamine-6-P
CH2OH
UDP-Glucuronate
CH2OH
5.4.2.8
HO OH HO OH
2.7.7.24 CH 2OH
O OH P OCH 2 CH2 COO COO
COO
4.1.3.27
CH 2COCOO
A
CH2OP
CH2OH
O O 4.1.3.20 O O
HOCH HCOH
C OH OH HO OH
CH2
O-C-COO
CH2
C
P O OH P O
H 2.7.1.60 Mannose-6-P 2.4.1.13 CH 2OP HO OH OP UDP-Galactose H OH
4.6.1.3
O OH
4.2.1.10
O
OH
1.1.1.25
OH
2.7.1.71
OH
2.5.1.19
OH OH OC-COO
5.4.99.5
OH I
Shikimate-5 4.6.1.4
ACNH
HO OH OH HO OH OPPU HO OH OP HO OH OH
O HO 3-Deoxy-D-arabino- Dehydro- Dehydro- Shikimate Shikimate-3-P Chorismate Prephenate D
E 2.4.1.9
heptulosonate-7-P quinate shikimate PEP
enolpyruvate 3-P
X
NHAC NHCOCH 3 5.4.2.3
N-Ac-Glucosamine-6-P
NHCOCH 3 Glucose-1-P O O
OH CH2COCOO
+
CH2CH(NH3) COO
+
CH2CH(NH3) COO S
N-Ac-Mannosamine UDP-N-Ac-Glucosamine N-Ac-Glucosamine-1-P HO OH OH CH2OH
O CH2COO
CH2COCOO
4.2.1.51
5.1.3.14 2.7.7.23 2.3.1.4
O COO OH OH OH H H OH
NH2
-OOC
O
CH2COO
O
CH2COO
1.3.1.13
OH
S 5.3.1.8 Glucosamine-6-P HO OH OH
COO OH OH OH
Fumaryl 5.2.1.2 Maleyl 1.13.11.5 Homogentisate
O C C C CO CH2OH 1.13.11.27 2.6.1.5 1.14.16.1 2.6.1.5
OH OP
HOCH 2 Hydroxyphenyl TYROSINE PHENYLALANINE Phenylpyruvate
E OH H OH OH
OH OH H OH
acetoacetate acetoacetate pyruvate 4.3.1.
5
COO -
1.3.1.13 1.3.1.13
HOCH 2 C C C C HO OH HO OH 3.2.1.26
S H OH H H
HO OH OH
OH
Fructose SUCROSE 3.2.1.48
GLUCOSE CHOHCH 2NHCH 3 CHOHCH 2NH2 CH2CH2NH2 CH2CH(NH3) COO-
+
OH OH 4.1. CH2CH2NH2
1.1.1.19 1.13.99.1 3.1.3.25
Gulonate Glucuronate Inositol Inositol-P 5.5.1.4
1.25 CH=CHCOO
C
OH H OH OH OH H OH 1 5.4.2.2 OH OH OH OH Ubiquinone Cinnamate A
3.1.1.18 HOCH 2 C C C C CO HOCH 2 C C C CO CO
OH H OH OH 1.1.1.2 ATP OH OH OH OH
1.14.16.2
Menaquinone
H H H H H
HOCH 2 C C C C CO 1.1.1.14 H H OH H CH2OP
O
3.1.3.9 2.7.1.2 Epinephrine 2.1.1.28
Norepinephrine 1.14.17.1
Dopamine 4.1.1.28
Dopa CH2CH(NH3) COO
+ OH
Tyramine 1.14.13.11 T
2.7.1.1 (Adrenaline) (Noradrenaline)
O O H O HOCH 2 C C C C CH2OH
2.6.1.16
ADP CHOHCH 2NH2 HN O E
Gulonolactone 1.1.3.8 2-Oxogulonolactone ASCORBATE OH OH H OH O 1.6 1.14.18.1 I I CH=CHCOO
1.10.2.1 2.7 HO OH CH2 OP 2.1.
H2
C
1.1.1.45
OH H OH OH H OH H
1.10.3.3 Sorbitol .1.4 1.1.1.49 O OCH 3 α-Tocopherol O C
O Coumarate
HOCH 2 C C CO C COO- HOCH 2 C C CO CO COO - HOCH2 C C CO CO CO OH CH(OH)COO OH CHOHCH 2OH (Vitamin E)
CH-COO O
H
H OH H H OH H O 2.7.1.3 P-Glucono Glucose-6-P Normetepinephrine O
+
NH3 O
OH
O
1.1.1.130
P 3-Dehydrogulonate 2, 3-Dioxogulonate Dehydroascorbate H H OH H 3.1.
1.17 lactone HO OH OH
OH
OCH 3
3.4
(Normetadrenaline) OCH 3 Dopaquinone
O NH
I
OH
I
L
E POCH2 C C C C COO - NADP + OH 1.4. OH
1.14.18.1
OH H OH H H OH H H
5.3.1.8 5.3.1.9 4-OH-3-Methoxy- 4-OH-3-Methoxy- Plastoquinone MELANIN THYROXINE LIGNIN Tannins Plant Pigments A
N OH OH H OH
6-P-Gluconate NADPH
HOCH 2 C C C CHO HOCH 2 C C C CHO HOCH 2 C C CO CH 2OH
H H OH
D-mandelate phenylglycol M
T H OH H OH OH H
5.3.1.3
OH OH
2.7.1.47 HOCH 2 C C C CO CH2OP NADP + CH2OP
OOC-CH-CH 2COO I
4.1.1.34 D-Arabinose D-Ribulose
O L-Xylose OH OH H 1.1.1.44
H H HO O NHCOCH 2NH2 NH NH N OOC N
HNCO C N
O N
S OH H H OH H OH H
Fructose-1-P 2.2.1.1 POCH2 C C C CO CH2OH H 2C CHO H 2C CHO
HC
CH
C
CH CH H 2N
C
C CH
N
C
E HOCH 2 C C C CH2OH HOCH 2 C C CO CH 2OH POCH2 C C CO CH2OH
H H H NADPH
OH OH H
OH OH
OC
NH
RP
HN C
NH
RP
H 2N C
N
RP H2 N
C
N
RP
H 2N
N
RP H 2N
C N RP E
H OH OH H OH
2.7.1.53
H OH 5.1.3.1 Fructose-6-P Glycinamide- 2.1.2.2 Formyl 6.3.5.3 Formyl 6.3.3.1 5-Amino 4.1.1.21 5-Amino-4-imidazole 6.3.2.6 5-Amino-4-imidazole 4.3.2.2 5-Aminoimidazole O S
S L-Arabitol L-Xylulose L-Xylulose-5-P HOCH 2 C C C CH2OH H H
ribosyl-P glycinamide-R P glycinamidine-R P imidazole-R P carboxylate-R P (N-succinylcarboxamide)-R P carboxamide-R P C C N
OH OH H H OH H H OH H OH OH OH
Ribitol
POCH2 C C CO CH2OH ATP H2 N
HCO C
CH

HOCH 2 C C C CHO HOCH 2 C C C CH 2OH HOCH 2 C C C CHO OH OH H H 2.7.1.11 NH

O
NH O
2.1.2.3 NH N RP
H2NCONH 2 H 2N COO NH2 H2 N OC C N O N
H H OH 1.1.1.10 OH H OH OH H OH D-Ribulose-5-P POCH 2 C C CHO 3.1.3.11
CO CO HN C CO HN C
C C
C Inosine Formylamido-
5.3 2.7.1.47 H ADP 6.3.4.13 Urea OC C OC C OC C CH HN CH 3.2.2.2
3.1.3.
5 imidazole-
L-Arabinose .1.4 Xylitol D-Xylose H H OH OH
N H NH N H NH N NH OC C HC C
OH H H OH OH OH OH HOCH 2 C C C CHO 5.1.3.1
Erythrose-4-P 3.5.3.4 H
3.5.2.5
H
1.7.3.3
H
1.1.1.204
NH NH
1.1.3.22
N NH
2.4.2.1 carboxamide-R P
H H HO
OH OH OH + Allantoate Allantoin URATE 1.1.3.22 Xanthine Hypoxanthine 3.5.4.10 O
HOCH 2 C C C CHO HOCH 2 C C CO CH2OH POCH2 C C CO CH OH
2 POCH 2 C C C CO CH2OP CH2(NH3)COOH NH2 C N
N
D-Ribose .1.4
NH2
N N HN C CH
H OH OH H H
L-Ribulose 2.7.1.16 L-Ribulose-5-P
H H
5.1.3.4 5.3.1.6
H OH OH OH H
2.6 10 GLYCINE N CH O O O HC
CH NH2 N
C
OOC-CH-CH 2COO
HC C P
L-Lyxose C C CO CH 2OH CH2OP 1. 0 O N N N C N N RP
H OH 2.7
POCH 2 4.1.2.-
2.2.1.2 Fructose- O NH2 1.4. .1
.2 HC
N N -O P~O P~O P O CH
2 O HC C
CH NH
C N
INOSINE-P U
1.1.1. .1.1
OH H
2.1 O P O CH2 O N RP(P) Fumarate Aspartate
9 HOCH 2 C C CO CH2OH 5 D-Xylulose-5-P 1:6-bis-P OOCCH 2NHCH3
O O O N N
HC
C
C
CH (IMP) R
OH H Sarcosine OH OH 2.7.4.3 N NH RP
D-Xylulose
2.7.1.17 OH OH
Glyoxylate
O
OH
4.6.1.1 ATP 2.7.4.6
ADP
2.7.4.4 4.3.2.2 Adenylo- 6.3.4.4 O
C N
I
P-Ribosyl ADENOSINE-P
1.5.99.2 Cyclic AMP (AMP) succinate 3.1.4.6
HN C CH N
H H H amine 1.17.4.1 1.1.1.205 OC C
H+
H+
PHOTO- H+ POCH 2 C C C CHO
H H H OH
OOCCH 2N(CH3)2
1.4.4.2
d-ADP Adenine 2.4.2.1
N
H
N RP E
H+ otophosphoryla SYSTEM lic
2H+ yclic Ph n-cyc electr Dimethylglycine XANTHOSINE-P S
POCH2 C C C C CO CH2OP 4.1.2.13
tion l
No (electric curre on fl
PHOTO- OH OH OH 2.7.4.6 2.7.7.7 2.4.2.15 3.5.4.3
C DNA d-GTP d-GDP (XMP)
SYSTEM
H+ o D-Ribose-5-P
OH OH OH H 7.7
II 2H+ Ferredoxin
nt)
Sedoheptulose-PP 2.1.1.5 2.7. 2.7.7.7 1.17 Guanine 6.3.4.1
O
C N
H+
w

*
.4.1 2.4.2. HN C
P 2.2.1.1
+
d-ATP 2.7. 1 6.3.5.2 CH
PQ 2e-
2e- H+ OOCCH2N(CH3)3
7.7 d-CTP H2 N C C
H 2e-
PQH2
PQ .
_
POCH 2CHOHCHO
Betaine FOLIC ATP 2.7.7.6
RNA 2.7.7.6
GTP 2.7.4.6
GDP 2.7.4.8
N N RP

O QB 1e- 1e-
PQ
3-P-Glyceraldehyde 2.1.2.1 ACID 2.7. GUANOSINE-P
NADP+
H+ 1.2.1.8 1.17.4
Fe-S HOCH2COCH2OP
2.2.1.1 7.6 TTP 2.7.
T PQH2 Cyt bf
Dihydroxy- 1. 1 + C1 4.6 .1 (GMP)
QA A1 H+ 5.3. 2.4.2.14 OHCCH 2N(CH3)3
O 2e-
H+ acetone-P Pi 6.3.4.7 Betaine POOL O
NH2
P
S Pheophytin Cyt bc Chl.A0 1.1
Pi 4.2.1.2
0 O O 2.7. TDP O C

NADPH+H+
C CH
(Glycerone-P) 5.3. aldehyde 4.1.2.5 C 7.6 C N
Y
._ NAD+
2e- HN CH-CH3 C
C CH3
2.7. HN C-CH3
HN CH
4.9 CH
Y P680 2PQH2
2PQ 2PQ 2.7.1.28 CH3
CH3
OC CH 2
HN
OC CH 2.1.1.45 OC CH
OC
N
R
N Chl.a
2e- PC
P700 Pi ADP +
1.1.99.1
H2NCH 2 CHCOO H2NCONHCH 2CHCOO NH
OC
NH
CH
2.4.2.4
N
DP N DP
3.5.4.12 2.7.4.14
DP
2e- H+
Glyceraldehyde
HOCH2CH2N (CH3) 3

T Mn Fe-S 2e- Cyt.f H+

H+
1.2.1.12 CHOLINE 3-Amino- 3.5.1.6
ß-Ureido 3.5.2.2
Dihydro 1.3.1.2 Thymine THYMIDINE-P d-UMP d-CMP d-CDP I
PC PC
Ribulose-1,5-bis-P isobutyrate isobutyrate thymine
α

O
α

M
α

1.2.1.13 + O NH 2
1

Pi 2.4.
H 4H+ HOCH2CH(NH3)COO 2.1 C C 2.4 C
a

4.2.1.22 CH2
H+ H+ H+ NADH HN HN CH
8
.1.1
β

H2O
N CH
Translocated protons ADP 1.17.4.1
I
8
SERINE
2

E H+
CO2
β

3 OC CH2 OC CH
1

OC CH
H+ H+ CH2OP 2.6.1.51 4.1.1.11 H2NCONHCH 2CH 2COO N H
H+Protons from Water
NH
H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H2NCH 2CH2COO
D
3

NH
S
3

H+ γ O 3.5.1.6 Carbamoyl 3.5.2.2 Dihydro- 1.3.1.2 3.5.4.1 CDP

I O2 H+ H+ H+ ATP Fixation POCH 2CHOHCOO P 1.4.1.7
ß-Alanine ß-alanine uracil Uracil Cytosine NH 2
I
H+

εε

H+
1:3-bis-P-Glycerate
2
c

H+ H+ 2.7.6.1
H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ H+ β2 HOCH2COCOO O
H+ -OOC O O C
CH 2.7.4.6
α
α

OP O P O O C
H+ 3.1.3.3 N
S H+
Hydroxy- NH2 CH2 C C C
CH C HN CH N
ATP
3

THYLAKOID LUMEN CH2 HN CH

α

H+
OH OH HN HN CH HN OC CH
ATP pyruvate OC CH-COO 2.4.2.9 OC CH N
THYLAKOID MEMBRANE P-Ribosyl-PP + N
H
OC
NH
CH-COO OC
NH
C-COO OC
N
C-COO
RP
OC N CH
RP
N
RPPP RPPP E
ADP ADP P OCH2CH(NH3)COO 6.3.4.2
S
STROMA 3.6.1.34 Phospho- Carbamoyl Dihydro Orotate Orotidine-P Uridine-P UDP URIDINE- CYTIDINE-
3.5.2.3 4.1.1.23 (UMP) 2.7.4.4
CHLOROPLAST OUTER MEMBRANE 2.7.2.3 serine aspartate orotate 1.3.1.14 2.4.2.10 2.7.4.6 triphosphate triphosphate
1.1.1.29 (UTP) (CTP)
HO HO
COO COO ATP 2.6.1.52
2.6.1.22
NH2 NH2
COO H H H H H H H H H H CONH 2
+ C N OC N N H H
γ-Linolenate
1.14.99.25 P OCH2 C C C C N C P OCH 2 C C C C NH C P OCH 2 C C CO CH2 NH C
Linoleate Arachidonate 1.13.11.34 Leukotriene B4 OH
POCH2CHOH COO
1.1.1.95
P OCH2COCOO
HC C
CH
HC C
CH
HC C
CH
P OCH 2 C C C CH
COO 5.3 O
3-P-Glycerate P-Hydroxy- OH OH
N N OH OH
N N OH OH
N N OH OH HN N
1.1 .99 COO COO O RP(PP) O RP RP
1.3.1.35 4.9 .3 pyruvate 3.6.1.31 3.5.4.19 C
9.1 O 2.4.2.17
P-Ribosyl-ATP P-Ribosyl-AMP P-Ribosylformimino P-Ribulosylformimino Imidazole H
COSCoA
L CO-S-ACP
HO OH 5.3.99.5
HO
OH 2.7.1.31 5-aminoimidazole- 5.3.1.16 5-aminoimidazole- glycerol-P
HC C CH 2CHCOO
I Oleoyl-CoA Palmitoleoyl-ACP Prostaglandin PGE 2 Thromboxane B2 POCH2CH(O P) COO + carboxamide-R P +
carboxamide-R P+
1.14.99.5 HOCH2CH(OH) COO N NH NHCOCH 2CH2NH2 HC C CH2CH(NH 3)COO + HC C CH2COCH2OP
2, 3-Diphospho- 5.4.2.1 HC C CH2CH(NH 3)CHO HC C CH 2CH(NH 3)CH2OH HC C CH2CH(NH 3)CH2OP
4.2.1.19
P COSCoA CH3(CH2)14CH=CHCOS-CoA CH3(CH2)14CH(OH)CH 2COS
COS-CoA CH3(CH2)14COCH 2COS-CoA
glycerate Glycerate C
H Carnosine N
CH
NH
N NH N NH N NH
N
C
NH

I Stearoyl-CoA Dehydrostearoyl-CoA OH-Stearoyl-CoA Oxostearoyl-CoA CH 3COO

CH CH CH H
CH3(CH2)14COCH 2COS-CoA
HISTIDINE Histidinal Histidinol Histidinol-P Imidazole
D Endoplasmic Reticulum ACETATE 4.1.1.22 1.1.1.23 1.1.1.23 3.1.3.15 2.6.1.9
acetol-P
CH3(CH2)14COS-ACP CH 3(CH2)14COSCoA HOCH2CH(O P)COO HC C CH2CH2NH2
4.3.1.3
Chain elongation Mitochondrial
Palmitoyl-ACP Palmitoyl-CoA 2-P-Glycerate OOC CHCH 2CH2COO OC CHCH 2CH2COO CH C CH CHCOO
B CH3(CH2)n CH=CHCOS-CoA CH 3(CH2)n CH(OH)CH 2COSACP CH 3(CH2)n COCH 2COSACP
1.2.1.4
N
C
NH
HN NH N NH N NH 4.3.1.3
I 1.3.1.9 4.2.1.60 1.1.1.100
H HISTAMINE CH
3.5.2.7 CH
4.2.1.49 CH
ACYL-ACP 2, 3-Enoyl-ACP 4.2.1.61
3-OH-Acyl-ACP 3-Oxoacyl-ACP CH3CH 2OH
Formimino Imidazolone Urocanate
1.3.1.10
O 2.3.1.41
4.2.1.11 ETHANOL 2.3.
glutamate propionate
2.1.3.2
S CH3(CH2)5CH=CHCH 2COSACP
4.2.1.6
1.30
CH3(CH2)6CH2CH 2COSACP 3, 4-Decenoyl-ACP 0 CH3(CH2)6CH(OH)CH 2COSACP CH 3(CH2)6COCH 2COSACP +
Y Decanoyl-ACP 1.3.1.
9 CH3(CH2)6CH=CHCOSACP 3-OH-Decanoyl-ACP
1.1.1.100
3-Oxo-Decanoyl-ACP 1.1.1.1
CH2CO-OCH2CH(NH 3)COO
Acetylserine HS HSO - Phosphoadenylyl- Adenylylsulphate 2-
SO 4
2.7.7.4
N 2, 3-Decenoyl-ACP 4.2.1.
60 2.3.1.41 CH2=C(OP ) COO CH3CHO +
1.8.99.1 1.8.99.2
sulphate 2.7.1.25 (APS)
(PAPS)
T CH 3(CH2)2CH 2CH2COSACP CH3(CH2)2CH=CHCO-S-ACP CH3(CH2)2CH(OH)CH 2COSACP
1.1.1.100
CH3(CH2)2COCH 2COSACP P-enolpyruvate Acetaldehyde
S-CH 2CH(NH 3)COO
+
4.2.
99 +
+
CH2CH(NH 3)COO +
1.3.1.9 4.2.1.59 .8 HSCH 2CH(NH CH 3 SCH CH CH(NH )COO
H Hexanoyl-ACP 2, 3-Hexenoyl-ACP 3-OH-Hexanoyl-ACP 3-Oxo-Hexanoyl-ACP
HS
S-CH 2CH(NH 3)COO 3)COO
4.4.1.1
+
SCH 2CH2CH(NH 3)COO 4.2.1.22
+
HSCH 2CH2CH(NH 3)COO
2.1.1.13
2 2 3
1.2.1.32
CH3CH=CHCO.S-ACP 2.3.1.41 CYSTINE CYSTEINE METHIONINE
E 1.6.4.1
4.2.99.9
Cystathionine 4.4.1.8
Homocysteine 2.1.1.14
S CH3CH2CH2COSACP CH3CH=CHCO-S-ACP CH3CH(OH)CH 2COS-ACP CH3COCH 2COSACP ADP 1.1 1.13.11.20
Butanoyl-ACP
1.3.1.9
Crotonoyl-ACP
4.2.1.58
3-OH-Butanoyl-ACP
1.1.1.100
Acetoacetyl-ACP 4.1. 4.4.1.15 3.3.1.1 Adenosyl
Adenosyl 2.5.1.6
I CH2OH CH2OH
HOOCCH 2CO-S-ACP
Malonyl-ACP 2.7.1.40 Glutamate +
SCH 2CH2CH(NH 3)COO 2 2
+
CH 3 SCH CH CH(NH )COO
3
+ +
S R-CH2COO
HOCH HOCH
1.1.1.8 2.3.1.41
HO 2SCH 2CH(NH 3)COO HO3SCH 2CH(NH 3)COO
S-Adenosyl
+
S-Adenosyl
CH3(CH2)n+2COS-CoA ATP 4.4.1.15 HSO3- Cysteine Cysteate 2.1.1.10
6.2.1.3 3.1.2.20 FATTY ACID CH2OH CH2O P
2.3.1.39 .1.2 sulphinate 4.1. 6.3. homocysteine 2.1.1.20 methionine
ACYL-CoA Glycerol
2.7.1.30
3-P-Glycerol KETONE BODIES
3.7 HO2SCH 2COCOO 1.29 2.2
+
CH2SH (SAM)
(Cytosol) 2.3.1.15 3-Sulphinyl OOCCH(NH 3)CH2CH2CONHCHCOO
2.3.1.51 CH3COCH 3 CH3CH(OH)CH 2COO
HOOCCH 2CO-SCoA PYRUVATE 1.4.1.1 + pyruvate HO2SCH 2CH2NH2
1.8.1.3
HO3SCH 2CH2NH2 γ-Glutamylcysteine
2.3.1.7 Acetone 3-OH-Butyrate 2.6.1.2 CH3CH(NH3)COO Hypotaurine Taurine Glycine
CH2O-CO-R Malonyl-Co-A 1.2.4.1
Carnitine 3.1.1.3 CH2O-CO-R CH2O-CO-R 2.3.1.12 ALANINE 4.1.1.29 CH2SH
2.7.8.5 4.1.2.5 + 6.3. +
R’-CO-OCH 1.8.1.4 OOCCH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH(NH 3)COO 2.3 OOCCH(NH 3)CH2CH2CONHCHCONHCH 2 COO
L O-Acyl-carnitine CH2O-CO-R"
R’-CO-OCH
CH2OH
R’-CO-OCH 4.1.1.4 1.1.1.30
CH 3CO-S-ACP 4.1.1.9
4.1.3.
18
4.1.1.12 Succinylhomoserine Glutathione
CH2O P CH3COCH 2COO
I Triacylglycerol Diacyl Acetoacetate
Acetyl-ACP 1.1. +
CH3CH(OH)CH(NH 3)COO + + Bile Acids
P O-Acyl-carnitine FAT 2.3.1.20 glycerol 3.1.3.4 2.7.1.107
Phosphatidate 1.27 2.6.1.18 POCH 2CH2CH(NH 3)COO HOCH 2CH2CH(NH 3)COO
3.1.2.11 2.3.1.38 O-Phospho- 2.7.1.39Homoserine
3.1.1.28 CH3COCOO- THREONINE HOCH 2 C(CH 3)2COCOO
I CH3CH(OH)COO
4.2.99.2
homoserine
2.3.1.46 HCHO
4.1.2.12
Oxopantoate
D
CH3(CH2)n CH2CH2COSCoA PYRUVATE LACTATE OHCCH 2COO-
4.1.3.
18 CH3 CH3
CH3
+
1.1.1.3
ACYL-CoA CH3(CH2)n CH=CHCOSCoA
4.2.1.17
CH3(CH n CH(OH)CH 2COSCoA
1.1.1.35
CH3(CH2)n COCH 2COSCoA 4.2 Malonic
COO C (OH)CH(OH)COO CHCOCOO
CHCH(NH 3)COO 1.1.1.169
(Mitochondria) 1.3.99.3
2, 3-Enoyl-CoA 3-OH-Acyl-CoA 3-Oxoacyl-CoA 2.3.1. NAD HOH .1 4.2.1.16 CH3COC(OH)CH 3 CH3 CH3 2.6.1.32
CH3
D CH3(CH2)2CH2CH2COSCoA CH3(CH2)2CH=CHCOSCoA CH3(CH2)2CH(OH)CH 2COSCoA CH3(CH2)2COCH 2COSCoA
16
ATP 1.2.4.1
2.3.1.12 GDP
.5
2 semi-
2-Acetolactate
1.1.1.86
2-3-Dihydroxy 4.2.1.9 2-Oxo- 1.4.1.8 VALINE
HOCH 2 C(CH 3)2CH(OH)COO

E 1.3.99.3 4.2.1.17 1.1.1.35

2.3.1.1 3.1.3.43 1.2.1.18 aldehyde Pantoate
Hexanoyl-CoA 2, 3-Hexenoyl-CoA 3-OH-Hexanoyl-CoA 3-Oxohexanoyl-CoA 6 CO2 CO2
CH3CH2COCOO isovalerate isovalerate ß-Alanine
G 4.1.1.32
Oxobutyrate 3.5.1.22
6.4.1.1 CH3 CH3
1.2.1.25 6.3.2.1
CH3CH2CH2COSCoA CH3CH=CHCOSCoA CH3CH(OH)CH 2COSCoA CH3COCH 2COSCoA 2.3.1.9 CH3 CH3
R Butanoyl-CoA
1.3.99.2
Crotonoyl-CoA
4.2.1.55
3-OH-Butanoyl-CoA
1.1.1.157
Acetoacetyl-CoA NADH+H+ HOCH 2CHCOO HOCH 2CHCOS-CoA- CH2 = CCOSCoA CH3CHCO-SCoA HOCH2 C(CH3)2CH(OH)CO NHCH 2CH2COO
GTP 4.1. 3.1.2.4
3-Hydroxy- 4.2.1.17 Methyl 1.3.99.3 Isobutyryl-CoA
A Odd C Fatty acids CH3COSCoA
CH3
3.18 3-Hydroxy- PANTOTHENATE
D
CH 3CH2CH 2CH2COSCoA CH3CH2CH=CHCOSCoA CH3CH2CH(OH)CH 2COSCoA
1.1.1.35
CH3CH2COCH 2COSCoA
4.1.3.5 ACETYL-CoA 31 isobutyrate Isobutyryl-CoA acrylyl-CoA
Pentanoyl-CoA Pentenoyl-CoA 3-OH-Pentanoyl-CoA 3-Oxopentanoyl-CoA NAD+ OHCCHCOO 1.1.1. 2.7.1.33
A Methylmalonyl CH3
CH 3
+
2.6.1.44 semialdehyde CH3 P OCH 2C(CH 3)2CH(OH)CONHCH 2CH2COO
2.6.1.4 CHCH(NH 3)COO
T COO C(OH)CH(OH)COO CHCOCOO
CH3CH2 4-P-Pantothenate
1.1.1.39
I CH2 O-CO-R
OH OH
CH 2O-CO-R CH 2O-CO-R
2.7.7.41
OHCCOO
Glyoxylate
4.1.3.5 4.1.3.4
CH3COC(OH)CH 2CH3
4.2.1.9
CH3CH2 CH3CH2 2.6.1.32 Cysteine 6.3.2.5
O R'-CO-OCH O R'-CO-OCH O COO R'-CO-OCH O -OOCCOCH2COO- 2.3.1.1 2-Aceto-2- 2:3-Di-OH- 2-Oxo-3-methyl ISOLEUCINE COO
hydroxy- 1.1.1.86 3-methylvalerate
+ CH2COO 2.6.1.1 6
CH2O-PO 1.3.99.7 CH 2O PO CH 2CHNH 3 CH2O POCMP 1.1.1.79 NADH+H+ OXALOACETATE valerate P OCH 2C(CH 3)2CH(OH)CONHCH 2CH 2CO NHCHCH 2SH
N - Serine 1.2.3.5
CH3C(OH)CH 2COSCoA
butyrate 4-P-Pantothenylcysteine
O - HO OH O
2.7.8.8
O
ß-OH-ß-Methyl- 4.1.3.7
CH2COO- CH3 CH 3
PHOSPHATIDYL CDP-diacyl HOCH 2COO 4.2.1.1
8 NAD+ 4.1.3.8 C(OH)COO-
CH 3 CH3 1.2.1.25
OH
Inositol Glycolate glutaryl-CoA CH3COCHCOSCoA CH3CH(OH)CHCOSCoA CH3CH=CHCOSCoA CH3CH 2CHCOSCoA 4.1.1.36
SERINE 2.7.8.11 glycerol CH2COO-
Phosphatidyl 1.2.1.21 2-Methylaceto-1.1.1.35 2-Methyl-3-4.2.1.17Tiglyl-CoA 2 Methylbutyryl-
inositol CH2O-CO-R CH 2O-CO-R’ CH2O-CO-R HOOC-COOH
1.1.1.34
CITRATE acetyl-CoA hydroxy- 1.3.99.3
CoA P OCH 2C(CH 3)2CH(OH)CONHCH 2CH 2CO NHCH 2CH 2SH
2.7.8.5
Oxalate FMN I 4.1.3.2
R'-CO-OCH O O HCO-CO-R R'-CO-OCH O HOCH 2CHO
I -OOCCHO 4.2.1.3
CH 3CH2COSCoA
butyryl-CoA 4-P-Pantetheine
4.1.1.65 Glyoxylate
P CH 2O-CO-R CH2 O-POCH 2CH(OH)CH 2 O-P-OCH 2
-
CH2O-PO CH 2CHOHCH 2OH Glycol
CH2COO Cycle
CH(OH)COO-
-
Propanoyl-CoA 2.7.7.3
-
1.6.5.3

H R'-CO-OCH O
O O O- aldehyde 1.1.1.37
- 2.1.3.1 6.4.1.3 COOH COOH +
+ Cardiolipin Phosphatidylglycerol 1.4.3.8
CH3C(OH)CH 2CHO
FMNH2 2COO
4.1.1.41 (CH3)2CHCH 2 CH(NH 3)COO
ADP- OCH2 C(CH 3)2CH(OH)CONHCH 2CH2CO NHCH 2CH2SH
O CH 2O P OCH 2CH2 NH 3
O-
+ + Mevaldate ISOCITRATE 5.1.99.1
(CH3)2CHC(OH)CH 2COO (CH3)2CHCHCH(OH)COO (CH3)2CHCH 2COCOO 2.6.1.6
LEUCINE Dephospho-Coenzyme A
CPP- OCH 2CH2 NH3 POCH2CH2 NH3 + + 2-Isopropyl- 3-Isopropyl- 1.1.1.85 Oxoleucine
S 2.7.8.1 CDP-Ethanolamine 2.7.7.14
Ethanolamine-P 2.7.1.82 HOCH 2CH 2NH 3 2H 4.1.3.1 1.1.1.41 CH3 malate 4.2.1.33
malate 1.4.1.9
Phosphatidyl Ethanolamine 1.1.1.32
2Fe -S CH3CH(OH)CH2CO.SCoA
2.7.1.24
P ethanolamine
CH2OH
(5 Clusters) OOC-CH-COSCoA CH3 CH3 1.2.1.25
CH2O-CO-R MALATE 4.2.1.18
H CEPHALIN
HOCH O CH 3COCH 2CH 2N(CH 3)3 -OOCCOCH - Methylmalonyl-CoA OOCCH 2C = CHCOSCoA CH3C = CHCOSCoA (CH3)2CHCH 2COSCoA P-ADP- OCH 2 C(CH 3)2CH(OH)CONHCH 2CH 2CO NHCH 2CH2SH
4H+
+ 4.1.1.71
4H+
2CH2COO
O
HOCH O
+ CH2OPO CH2CH 2N(CH 3) Acetylcholine CH C(OH)CH
2 CH COO
2-OXO- 3-Methyl-
6.4.1.4
3-Methyl-
1.3.99.10
Isovaleryl-CoA A
CH2OPO CH2CH2N(CH 3)3 O- 2 CH2OH 1.6. 5.3 ASPARTATE 2.7.2. 4.2.1.18 Coenzyme A
L CH2OCH=CHR
2.1.1.17
2.1.1.71 O - Lysolecithin 3.1.1.5 Glycerophosphocholine 3.1.
4.2
3
Mevalonate 2H+ 4.2.1.2 GLUTARATE 4
1.1.1.3
glutaconyl-CoA crotonyl-CoA M
I R-CO-OCH O
CH 2 O-CO-R
3.1.1.32
3.1.4.4 2.3.1.6 or 1.2.4.2
2.3.1.61
I
2H+ -
+ R'-CO-OCH O 3.1.4.3 2.7.1.36 +

P CH2OPO CH2CH2N(CH 3)3 +

CH2OPOCH2CH2N(CH 3)3 + + +
2.7.4.2 OOCCH=CHCOO- 4.3.1.1
P OOCCH 2CH(NH3)COO
H H2
+ N
O- O - CPP-O CH2CH2N(CH 3)3 OCH 2CH2N(CH 3)3 HOCH 2CH 2N(CH 3)3 FUMARATE Aspartyl-P 1.2 C C
OOCCH 2CH2CONH NH3
O
2.7.7.15 6.3.5.4 HC CH 2 CH2
I Choline LECITHIN CDP-choline Choline-P CHOLINE CH2COO UQH2 .1.1
1 + OOCC CH-COO
H 2C
CH-COO
OOCCH 2CH2CONH OOCCHCH 2CH2CH 2CH-COO
+
OOCCH-CH 2CH2CH2CHCOO
+
plasmalogen 1.3.1.35 2.7.8.2 2.7.1.32
3 OOCC
D 2.7.8. 3.1.4.12 CH3C(OH)CH 2CH2OPP FADH2 +
-OOCCH2CH2CO.SCoA 5.1.99.1 OHCCH 2CH (NH3)COO N N OOCCOCH 2CH2CH2CH-COO NH3 NH 3
Serine +NH + + + Diphospho- SUCCINYL-CoA 5.4.99.2 OOCCH 2CH2CHO Aspartyl 4.2.1.52 2, 3-Dihydro-1.3.1.26 Piperideine- N-Succinyl- 2.6.1.17 N-Succinyl-2, 6 3.5.1.18 Diamino- A
S 2.3.1.50 3 NH 3 NH 3 NH 3
mevalonate
Fe-S 1.3.5.1
6.2.1.4 Succinic Semialdehyde dipicolinate 2, 6-dicarboxylate 2-amino-6-oxo- diaminopimelate pimelate C
CH 3(CH2)14COCHCH 2OH CH3(CH2)14CH(OH)CHCH 2OH CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2OH CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2 O- Galactose 1.2.1.16
Cyt.b -OOCCH2CH2COO- semialdehyde pimelate
Dehydrosphinganin
1.1.1.102
Sphinganin 4-Sphingenin Psychosine FAD
SUCCINATE
OH
+ + + + + + 5.1.1.
7 I
UQ Glycine (CH3)3NCH2CH(OH)CH 2COO (CH3)3N(CH 2)3 CH2CH(NH 3)COO (CH3)3N(CH 2)3 CH2CH(NH 3)COO H2N(CH 2)4 CH(NH 3)COO 20
D
UDP-Sugars Acyl-CoA 4.1.1.
2.4.1.23 II
Gangliosides 2.4.1.62 3.5.1.23 Acyl-CoA 4.1.1.33 2.3.1.37 + Carnitine N6-Trimethyl- N6-Trimethyllysine LYSINE 1.5.1.7 - 10
UDP-Galactose UQH2 2H+
H2NOCCH 2CH (NH3 COO
1.14.11.1
3-OH-lysine
1.14.11.8 S
NHAcyl O
+ NHCOR
NHCOR Asparagine 2.6.1.19 COO
CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2 O PO CH2CH2N(CH 3)3
O - CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2OH CH3(CH2)12CH=CHCH(OH)CHCH 2 O- Galactose CH2 5-Amino- +
NH CHCH 2CH2COO
2.7.8.3 + +
Ceramide Cerebroside levulinate
SPHINGOMYELIN 3.1.4.12 3.2.1.46 2.4.1.47
CH3C-CH2CH2OPP
2UQH2 UQH2 1.3.99.7 OOCCH 2CH 2CH2COSCoA OOCCH 2CH2CH2COCOO OOCCH 2CH2CH2CH (NH3) COO OHCCH 2CH2CH2CH (NH3) COO CH 2CH2CH2CH2CH (NH3) COO

1.3.99.7 Isopentenyl-PP 1.10.2.2 + 4.1.1.70

Glutaryl-CoA 2-Oxoadipate 2.6.1.39
2-Aminoadipate 1.2.1.31 2-Aminoadipate 1.5.1.9
Saccharopine
4H+
R-CH(NH3) COO
CH3
(C5) OOCCH 2CH2CH2NH2 semialdehyde
I CH3C = CHCH 2OPP
2e- 2UQ_ 2H+ 2-AMINO ACID 4-Aminobutyrate Adenosyl
Lycopene (C40) Phytoene Dimethylallyl-PP . (GABA) CH3-SCH 2CH2CHNH 2
S (C40)
III 1e- _ R-CO-COO H2N(CH 2)3NH(CH2)4NH (CH2)3NH2 +
(C5) 2e-
TRA

To Brain - VISION 2.5.1.1 UQ. 2-OXO ACID 5 Spermine S-Adenosylmethyl

O hv CH 3 CH3 Fe-S + .1
.1
thiopropylamine LEGEND
1e- 2.6.1.- OOCCH 2CH 2CH (NH3) COO
4.1
NS

P ß-CAROTENE (C40) 2.5.1.32 2.5.1.29 CH3C= CHCH 2 CH2C= CHCH 2OPP Cyt.bL Cyt.bH MI (Decarboxylated SAM)
A

R Metarhodopsin Rhodopsin O
CH2OPP Geranyl-PP NA
TIO N GLUTAMATE 2.7.2.1 +
2.5.1.22 Carbohydrates Amino Acids
CH3 (C10) Cyt.c1 1 POOCCH2CH 2CH(NH3) COO Biosynthesis Biosynthesis
1.13.11.21
E COO- Opsin
CH3O Geranyl-geranyl-PP
(C20) Glutamyl-P
H2N(CH 2)4NH (CH2)3NH2
Degradation Degradation
CH3O n
2UQ UQ Spermidine
N O Ubiquinone 2.5.1.10 1.10.2.2
Retinoate 1.4.1.14 3.5.1.2
O 1.2.1.36
CHO (Coenzyme Q) OPP Cyt.c 1.4.1.2
6.3.1.2 1.2.1.41
Lipids Purines &
5.2.1.3 CH2 2.5.1.16 Biosynthesis Pyrimidines
I trans-Retinal 11-cis-Retinal CHO Menaquinone CH2OH

D
Light Phytol (C20) or ting ATP NO3- NH4 + + Degradation Biosynthesis
1.1.1.105 1.1.1.105 nsp 3.6.1.34 synt H2NOCCH 2CH2CH (NH3) COO + H2NCH2CH2CH2CH2NH2
Retinol esters Plastoquinone CuA CuA +-
tra h 1.6.6.1
7.1 Glutamine OHCCH 2CH 2CH(NH3) COO
Putrescine Degradation
S CH3 1.7.99.4 1.7. 6.4 ATP Glutamic
as

O Farnesyl-PP oscp
H

HO
1.6. .1
e

CH 3
2H+ semialdehyde
2.3.1.76
3.1.1.21
CH2OH CH 3 O (C15)
Heme a NO2- 8.6 6.3.4.16 CO2 Vitamins Co-enzymes & Hormones
1.1
CH2OH CH3 CH3COCOO OHCCOO Biosynthesis Degradation
S 5.2.1.7 6.3.5.5
.5

CH2 CH2
trans-Retinol 11-cis-Retinol O
Phylloquinone α-Tocopherol
.5

2.5.1.21 δ F1 Pyruvate Glyoxylate

6.3

Dark
T (Vitamin A) (Vitamin K) (Vitamin E) F6 N2
H2NCOOP 2.6.1.13
CH CHCOO
Pentose Phosphate Pathway
N
E STEROIDS 2H+ CuB Heme a3 2H+ ATP Carbamoyl-P +
H 2NCONHCH 2CH2CH2CH(NH3) COO Pyrroline-5-
R β
2 ATP CITRULLINE carboxylate
4.1.3.16
Photosynthesis Dark Reactions
2e- γ
O 3
β
OOCCH(OH)CH 2COCOO
AD

Progesterone β 2.1.3.3 4.1.1.17

P

H
I HO
H
HO
H 1.9.3.1
P +1 P i AαT 1.5.99.8
CH2 CH2
4-Hydroxy- Human Metabolism is identified as far possible by black arrows
HO HO α
Pi 2.1.3.3 1.5.1.2 2-oxoglutarate
IV ADP +
H
1/ O Biosynthesis Degradation
D Pregnenolone CHOLESTEROL Desmosterol Zymosterol
H
Lanosterol 5.4.99.7
Squalene 2 2 H+
H+
+
H2NCH2CH2CH2CH (NH3) COO
CH2 CHCOO
1.14.99.7
S (C30) H+ β
F1 ORNITHINE
NH
2.6.1.23 COMPARTMENTATION
H+ γ 6.3.4.5
PROLINE
HEMOGLOBIN CHLOROPHYLL COO- H2 O
H+
+ The "Backbone" of metabolism involves
COO- 1.14.11.2 OOCCH(OH)CH 2CH(NH 3)COO
COO- ε H2NCONH 2 OOCCHCH 2COO GLYCOLYSIS in the CYTOPLASM,
P CH2
CH3
CH2 CH2
COO- CH2 COO-
COO- CH2
δ F0 2.1.4.1 UREA N + HOCH CH2
4-Hydroxy- the TCA CYCLE (mainly) in the Mitochondrial matrix
CH CH
O H H2 CH3 CH CH2 H2 CH3 H2NCNHCH 2CH 2CH2CH(NH3) COO glutamate
TRA N S L O

CH 2 CH2 -OOC CH2 H CH2 CH2

H+ and ATP FORMATION spanning the
C C C 2 CH2 Glycine + H2C CHCOO
H+ 3.5.3.1 3.5.3.6 Arginino- MITOCHONDRIAL INNER MEMBRANE
R H3C
N
CH H3 C CH H3 C CH2
H 2C
C
CH2
H2NCH2C=O
α
H+ H+
s NH2 NO succinate
N
H 1.5.1.12
HOCH CH2
N N N N N 5-Amino- nit An electron flow (an electric current) generated from
P HC Fe CH H2 C
H H
CH2 H2 C
H H
CH2
N
H H
N
COOlevulinate
-
0 c-sub-u
c +
H2NCNHCH 2CH2CH2CH (NH3) COO 1.14.13.39 HC CHCOO
NADH and UQH2 drives the translocation of protons
H H H H H H 2C CH2 AT HYDROXY 3-Hydroxy-
N
from the matrix to the intermembrane space.
C

N N N N N N
N
H H
N
-OOC
CH 2 E D PROTONS H+ H+ ARGININE PROLINE pyrroline-
The retrolocation of these protons through the F0 subunits
Y H3 C
C
CH3 H3C
C
CH3 H3C
C
CH3
H 2C CH2 CH 2 4.2.1.24 H+ H+ of ATP synthase to the matrix then supplies the energy
H - C H2 C
ADP Pi 4.3.2.1 5-carboxylate needed to form ATP from ADP and phosphate
R CH2 CH2 CH2 H2 CH2 CH2 H2 CH2 OOC CH2 H2 CH2
COO-
+ NH + NH2 + NH2 HN C
NH CO
Electron Flow Proton Flow
I CH2
COO-
CH2
COO-
CH2
COO-
CH2
COO-
CH2
COO-
CH2
COO-
CH2 CH2 H2 C N
H X ATP Y H2NCNHCH 2COO
2
H2NCN(CH 3)CH2COO P- HNCN(CH 3)CH2COO
N CH 2
1.5.1.2
COO- COO-
N 4.1.1.37 4.3.1.8
H2 N
Guanidoacetate
2.1.1.2
Creatine 2.7.3.2 P-Creatine
CH3
Small Numbers ( eg. 2.4.6.7) refer to the IUBMBEnzyme
1.3.3.4 1.3.3.3 Creatinine
S HEME Protoporphyrinogen Coproporphyrinogen Uroporphyrinogen Porphobilinogen E NDE
RGONIC REACTIO N 3.5.2.10 Commission (EC) Reference Numbers of Enzymes
4.99.1.1 4.2.1.75

© 2003 International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 22nd Edition Designed by Donald E. Nicholson, D.Sc., The University of Leeds, England – and Sigma-Aldrich
Product No. M 3907
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SIGMA-ALDRICH DE SIGMA-ALDRICH BRASIL LTDA. SIGMA-ALDRICH FINLAND SIGMA-ALDRICH CHEMICALS SIGMA-ALDRICH S.r.l. SIGMA-ALDRICH CHEMIE BV SIGMA-ALDRICH RUSSIA SIGMA-ALDRICH SWEDEN AB SIGMA-ALDRICH
ARGENTINA, S.A. Tel: 55 11 3732-3100 Tel: 358-9-350-92 50 PRIVATE LIMITED Telefono: 02 33417310 Tel Gratis: 0800-0229088 TechCare Systems, Inc. Tel: 020-350510 P.O. Box 14508
Tel: 54 11 4556 1472 Fax: 55 11 3733-5151 Fax: 358-9-350-92 555 Telephone Fax: 02 38010737 Fax Gratis: 0800-0229089 (SAF-LAB) Fax: 020-352522 St. Louis, Missouri 63178
Fax: 54 11 4552 1698 Bangalore: 91-80-5112-7272 Numero Verde: 800-827018 Tel: 078-6205411 Tel: 095-975-1917/3321 Outside Sweden Tel: +46 8 7424200 Toll-free: 800-325-3010
Canada France Hyderabad: Fax: 078-6205421 Fax: 095-975-4792 Outside Sweden Fax: +46 8 7424243 Call Collect: 314-771-5750
Australia SIGMA-ALDRICH CANADA LTD. SIGMA-ALDRICH CHIMIE S.à.r.l. 91-40-5531 5548 / 2784 2378 Japan Toll-Free Fax: 800-325-5052
SIGMA-ALDRICH PTY., LIMITED Free Tel: 800-565-1400 Tel appel gratuit: 0800 211 408 Mumbai: SIGMA-ALDRICH JAPAN K.K. New Zealand Singapore Switzerland Tel: 314-771-5765
Free Tel: 1800 800 097 Free Fax: 800-265-3858 Fax appel gratuit: 0800 031 052 91-22-2579 7588 / 2570 2364 Tokyo Tel: 03 5821 3111 SIGMA-ALDRICH PTY., LIMITED SIGMA-ALDRICH PTE. LTD. FLUKA CHEMIE GmbH Fax: 314-771-5757
Free Fax: 1800 800 096 Tel: 905-829-9500 New Delhi: Tokyo Fax: 03 5821 3170 Free Tel: 0800 936 666 Tel: 65-6271 1089 Swiss Free Call: 0800 80 00 80 Internet:
Tel: 612 9841 0555 Fax: 905-829-9292 Germany Free Fax: 0800 937 777 Fax: 65-6271 1571 Tel: +41 81 755 2828
SIGMA-ALDRICH CHEMIE GmbH 91-11-2616 5477 / 2619 5360 Korea sigma-aldrich.com
Fax: 612 9841 0500 Fax Fax: +41 81 755 2815
China Free Tel: 0800-51 55 000 SIGMA-ALDRICH KOREA Norway South Africa
Austria SIGMA-ALDRICH CHINA INC. Free Fax: 0800-649 00 00 Bangalore: 91-80-5112-7473 Tel: 031-329-9000 SIGMA-ALDRICH NORWAY AS SIGMA-ALDRICH United Kingdom
SIGMA-ALDRICH HANDELS GmbH Tel: 86-21-6386 2766 Hyderabad: 91-40-5531 5466 Fax: 031-329-9090 Tel: 23 17 60 60 SOUTH AFRICA (PTY) LTD. SIGMA-ALDRICH COMPANY LTD.
Tel: 43 1 605 81 10 Fax: 86-21-6386 3966 Greece Mumbai: 91-22-2579 7589 Fax: 23 17 60 50 Tel: 27 11 979 1188 Free Tel: 0800 717181
Fax: 43 1 605 81 20 SIGMA-ALDRICH (O.M.) LTD New Delhi: 91-11-2616 5611 Malaysia Fax: 27 11 979 1119 Free Fax: 0800 378785
Czech Republic Tel: 30 210 9948010 SIGMA-ALDRICH (M) SDN. BHD Poland Tel: 01747 833000
Belgium SIGMA-ALDRICH s.r.o. Fax: 30 210 9943831 Ireland Tel: 603-56353321 SIGMA-ALDRICH Sp. z o.o. Spain
SIGMA-ALDRICH IRELAND LTD. Fax: 01747 833313
SIGMA-ALDRICH NV/SA. Tel: 246 003 200 Fax: 603-56354116 Tel: (+61) 829 01 00 SIGMA-ALDRICH QUÍMICA S.A.
Free Tel: 0800-14747 Fax: 246 003 291 Hungary Free Tel: 1800 200 888 Fax: (+61) 829 01 20 Free Tel: 900101376
Free Fax: 0800-14745 SIGMA-ALDRICH Kft Free Fax: 1800 600 222 Mexico Free Fax: 900102028
Tel: 03 899 13 01 Denmark Tel: 06-1-235-9054 SIGMA-ALDRICH QUÍMICA, Portugal
SIGMA-ALDRICH Fax: 06-1-269-6470 Israel S.A. de C.V. SIGMA-ALDRICH QUÍMICA, S.A.
Fax: 03 899 13 11
DENMARK A/S Ingyenes zöld telefon: 06-80-355-355 SIGMA-ALDRICH ISRAEL LTD. Free Tel: 01-800-007-5300 Free Tel: 800 20 21 80
sigma-aldrich.com/pathways
Tel: 43 56 59 10 Ingyenes zöld fax: 06-80-344-344 Tel: 08-948-4100 Free Fax: 01-800-712-9920 Free Fax: 800 20 21 78
XXX Fax: 43 56 59 05 Fax: 08-948-4200