Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 01
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Chapter 01
7. A crime becomes a deviant act when it is deemed by lawmakers as socially harmful or dangerous.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
8. According to the conflict view of crime, criminal laws are viewed as acts created to protect the haves from the
have- nots.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
9. The consensus view of crime suggests that the definition of crime reflects the preferences and opinions of
people who hold social power in a particular legal jurisdiction.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
10. Under common law, if a new rule was successfully applied in a number of different cases, it would
become a precedent.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
11. The distinction between whether a crime is classified as a felony or misdemeanor is based upon the age
of the individual committing the crime.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
12. Over the past decades, it has been shown that criminological research has been influenced by government
funding linked to topics the government wants researched and topics the government wishes to avoid.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
Chapter 01
ANSWER: False
14. Members of a grand jury are made up of law enforcement officers and judges.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
15. At the preliminary hearing, the judge decides whether there is probable cause sufficient for trial.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
16. Not all crimes are deviant, and not all deviant acts are criminal.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
17. Developmental criminologists trace criminal careers over the life course.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
18. Penology refers to the subarea of criminology that focuses on the correction and control of criminal offenders.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
19. According to the text, recent research in the subarea of criminology involving terrorism found that mental illness
is the primary cause in explaining why young people become terrorists.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
Chapter 01
20. An evaluation of the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) program, which classifies people on probation, among
other things, has been found to cut recidivism rates for high-risk offenders by as much as 20 percent.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
21. A jury that is unable to agree on a decision, thus leaving the case unresolved and open for possible retrial is
known as a hung jury.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
22. To be truly ethical, criminological research must have social value to research participants rather than simply
doing no harm.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
23. Nolle prosequi refers to the notion of "no prosecution," or cases in which the state has so much evidence
against the defendant that a trial is not needed in order to convict the accused.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
ANSWER: True
25. When criminal penalties are reduced rather than eliminated, criminal acts are decriminalized.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
Language: English
THE
Narrative
OF
A JOURNEY,
UNDERTAKEN
INCIDENTS
THAT OCCURRED TO THE AUTHOR, WHO HAS LONG SUFFERED UNDER A
FOURTH EDITION.
LONDON:
PUBLISHED BY G. B. WHITTAKER, AVE MARIA LANE.
1825.
THE
Dedication.
TO
PRINCESS AUGUSTA.
Madam,
The kind manner in which this honour has been conferred, cannot
fail to increase the value of the boon, and strengthen the ties of
gratitude by which I felt bound to your Royal Highness, for the
flattering notice, and important favours, you had previously been
pleased to bestow upon me.
Madam,
Your Royal Highness’s
JAMES HOLMAN.
PREFACE.
The very peculiar circumstances under which the Author professes
to obtrude the present volume upon public notice, appear to require
some explanation, were it only to obviate suspicions which might
arise, that the general detail of circumstances which it comprises,
has been the production of an active imagination, rather than a
relation of the occurrences of real life; for he is fully aware, that such
a construction might be put upon the apparent anomaly of the travels
of one, whose loss of sight, a source of information naturally
considered indispensable in such an undertaking, must greatly limit
his power of acquiring the legitimate materials, necessary to give his
work body and consistency.
In the year 1819, his health having for some time suffered from
causes which it is unnecessary to mention, the Author became
assured that nothing would tend more to re-establish it, than a visit to
the highly favoured clime of the southern parts of Europe: while at
the same time, and which was, perhaps, paramount to all other
considerations, he would be gratifying his desire of obtaining
information; he therefore, with this double view, determined to
undertake the journey which forms the subject of the present pages;
—and is happy to say, that in neither of these objects has he met
with disappointment.
CHAP. I.
DEPARTURE FROM ENGLAND, AND JOURNEY
TO PARIS.
In the morning I arose early, and inhaled the fresh breeze upon the
pier, a wooden structure, which extends itself for a considerable
distance into the sea. At the extremity near the town, is a pillar,
erected by the loyal people of Calais, in commemoration of the
landing of Louis xviii. immediately after the first subjection of
Napoleon, and near to it a brass plate, with the figure of a foot cast in
it, fixed upon the very spot where this monarch first trod the French
ground, after so long an absence from his affectionate subjects.
The usual hour for the departure of the diligence was ten o’clock;
but we anticipated this time, and set out at half-past nine, in
consequence of its being a fête day, when the gates of the town are
closed from ten till noon, during the performance of high mass.
On the morning after my entrance into this family, I rang the bell of
my bed-chamber, and requested a French servant to bring me hot
water; in answer to this he replied, “toute a l’heure,” with the
meaning of which I was at the time totally ignorant: after waiting a
quarter of an hour, I rang again, and received the same reply, “toute
a l’heure,” but with no better result: I again repeated my application,
it was still “toute a l’heure:” at length, after, the lapse of an hour, he
brought the water. At breakfast, I took the opportunity of inquiring the
signification of this convenient expression, requesting to be
informed, whether it implied any specific time, when they told me it
meant “immediately.” I thought, however, in the present instance,
that the action did not suit the word.
LE PORTRAIT DE PARIS.