DESIGN OF CONCRETE HALL WITH CRANE RUNWAY Makro sem.5 (ver.

2010)

STRUCTURE ANALYSIS

Frame model (RM-Win, ABC Rama, Autodesk Robot could be used)

5 6 7

4 8

2 10
3 9

1 11

Main assumptions for frame analysis

• Whole plane structure should be modeled together

(both columns joined by the roof beam),
I4 • Position of bars should correspond with axes of
h4 elements,
• Fixed joints for column (frame structure),
• Load should be applied (if possible) in the real
location, or reduced to the joint,
• Girder (roof beam) modeled as single bar joined with
h2 I2 column by hinges,
• Section dimensions always perpendicular to the
elements axes,
• Sections area and moment of inertia (usually
automatically calculated by the program) should be
I3 determined for concrete section (neglecting
h3 reinforcement):
b ⋅ h3
A = b⋅h, I =
12
Column width b means always dimension directed along the
hall (perpendicular to the plane of shown column drawing)
dimensions as described on drawing, accordingly to column
I1 part:
I1; h1 for the bottom part of column
h1 I2; h2 for the top part of column
I3; h3 for the crane console
I4; h4 for the girder console

h/2
h

1
DESIGN OF CONCRETE HALL WITH CRANE RUNWAY Makro sem.5 (ver.2010)

Detailing of roof beam support

P
M=Pe EIroof

EI8
P
=> or
P
e
EIroof
center of support plate e

EI8
Stiffness of roof beam
• For girder systems - roof beam should be modeled with the girders section real
parameters, if girders chord is fixed with concrete roof slabs – area of tie beam cold
be added to the chord area.
• For non girder systems - roof beam should be modeled as rectangular section with
area equal to the 1/6 of the total section area of concrete roofing systems along the
abutment.

Columns support
• Column should be modeled as fixed inside foundation (half of pocket depth – see
drawing above).

Load schemes
1. Dead load
2. Snow
3. Wind blows from left side
4. Wind blows from right side
5. Wind blows along the hall
6. Uniform heating ∆+
7. Uniform cooling ∆-
8. Crane load Qmax Qmin
9. Qmin Qmax
10. Qmax, HS← Qmin
11. Qmax, HS→ Qmin
12. Qmin Qmax, HS ←
13. Qmin Qmax, HS →

Ad 1. Dead load (load coefficient γ G = 1,35 )

• Weight of roofing system (insulation, leveling layer, structure) gd [kN/m2]
• Weight of gilder Gdz [kN/m2]

G G G
Ge
=

2
DESIGN OF CONCRETE HALL WITH CRANE RUNWAY Makro sem.5 (ver.2010)

Gdz ⋅ γ f L
G= + gd ⋅ γ f ⋅ B ⋅ / cos α
2 2
B – modular length between girders
• weight of column (including corbel) – continuous through columns length (avoid
duplication of loads)
• weight of crane beams and rails
G

G = G pods ⋅ γ f + g s ⋅ B ⋅ γ f

• fixed to structure fittings weight (power, heating, water

systems),
• weight of housing (wall elements, cornice), total weight
e1 should be applied with real eccentricity. Eccentric force
could be changed into pair force and moment equal:
g sc
M 1 = g sc ⋅ e1 ⋅ 1[ m] ⋅ γ f

Ad 2. Snow load (by the standard PN-EN 1991-1-3, load cefficient γ S = 1,5 )
S S
Se
=
L
S = γ S µ1C eC t ⋅ s k ⋅ B ⋅
2
sk – snow characteristic load per m2 (depends on snow zone)
µ1 – coefficient dependent on shape of the roof (up to 30° C = 0,8)
Ce – exposure coefficient (normal terrain condition Ce = 1,0)
Ct – thermal coefficient (for non heated halls Ct = 1,0)
B – modular distance between girders

Ad 3÷5. Wind load (by the standard PN-EN 1991-1-4, load coeff. γ W = 1,5 )

W e = γ W c s c d q p ( z e ) ⋅ c pe ⋅ B
qp (ze) – wind pressure [Pa] , when the height/width ratio <1 wind presure is constant along
halls height and equal: q p ( ze ) = q p ( z ) , where: q p ( z ) = c e ( z )q b = c e ( z )q b,0
c e (z ) - surface coefficient (table NA.3 PN)
q b,0 - wind pressure (table NA.1 PN - depends on wind zone))
c s c d - structure type dependent coefficient, for halls up to 15m high equal c s c d = 1,0
B – modular distance between girders
cpe – aerodynamic coefficient (for hall objects cpe,10)
• for walls given in p. 7.2.2 PN

3
DESIGN OF CONCRETE HALL WITH CRANE RUNWAY Makro sem.5 (ver.2010)

• for roofs given in p. 7.2.5 PN

side wind e = min( b;2h ) :

Strefa przypadająca
na dźwigar

along wind e = min( b;2h ) :

4
DESIGN OF CONCRETE HALL WITH CRANE RUNWAY Makro sem.5 (ver.2010)

Strefa przypadająca
na dźwigar

Ad 6, 7. Temperature (load coefficient γ T = 1,5 )

Average temperature during the structure assembly 10°C.

For the highest summer temperature 30°C, maximum growth of temperature is equal:
+ ∆Tk = (t i − t 0 )γ Q = (30 − 10) = 20 °C.
Lowest possible winter temperature, when hall can be utilized -10°C, maximum decrease of
temperature is equal:
− ∆Tk = (t i − t 0 )γ Q = ( −10 − 10) = −20 °C.

CAUTION:
Because of thermal influences the modulus of elasticity could be reduced In the
consequence of concrete creep. Effective modulus is given by equation
Ecm
Eceff =
1 + φ (t , t0 )
Where creep coefficient: φ (t , t 0 ) May be found In accordance width appendix B PN-EN1992-
1-1 for the concrete age while loaded t0 ≥ 90 days and load duration t − t0 = 28 days.

Ad 8÷13. Crane load (by the standard PN-EN 1991-3, load coefficient γ SQ = 1,35 )
Following crane impacts should be taken into consideration
- vertical wheel loads from a crane on a runway beam
- horizontal forces caused by acceleration or deceleration of the crane
- horizontal forces caused by skewing of the crane
Skewing and acceleration should be treated separately (usually skewing is significant)

5
DESIGN OF CONCRETE HALL WITH CRANE RUNWAY Makro sem.5 (ver.2010)

2Qr ,max + 2Qr ,min = Gs + Q

Gs – crane weight
Q – crane capacity
Qr,max – maximum reaction on wheel
G +Q
Qr ,min = s − Qr ,max
2
 L−e
Qk ,max = Qr ,max 1 +  ⋅ϕi
 L 
 L−e
Qk ,min = Qr ,min 1 +  ⋅ ϕi
 L 
ϕ i - dynamic coefficient dependent on crane hoisting class
for vertical load
ϕ i = ϕ 2 = ϕ 2,min + β 2υ h
υ h - lifting Speer
Hosting class ϕ 2,min β2
HC1 1,05 0,17
HC2 1,1 0,34
HC3 1,15 0,51
HC4 1,20 0,68

For vertical load acting together with horizontal load ϕ i = ϕ 4 = 1,0

Usually skewing situation gives the worst conditions

H S,1, j ,T = f ⋅ λS,1, j ,T ⋅ Qr

6
DESIGN OF CONCRETE HALL WITH CRANE RUNWAY Makro sem.5 (ver.2010)

H S,2, j ,T = f ⋅ λS,2, j ,T ⋅ Qr
f coefficient for overhead cranes: f = 0,3(1 − exp( −250α )) ≤ 0,3
where α ≤ 0,015 rad is the angle between guide rollers and, if not specified by the producer
maximum should be taken: f = 0,3
coefficient λS,2, j ,T corresponds with center of the crane rotation
ξ1 
e  ξ  e 
λS,1, j ,T =1 − j  , λS,2, j ,T = 2 1 − j  where n number of steered wheels, ξ 1, ξ 2
n  
h  n  h 
distances to the rotation center, ej distance between front rolling guides and wheel,
h distance between front rolling guides and rotation center.
Of not specified by the producer λS,1, j ,T = 0 , λS,2, j ,T = 1 , what means one side scewing equal:
H S = H S,2, j ,T

Actions calculation (according to PN-EN 1990 i PN-EN 1991)

ULS – design combinations

∑ ∑
G + ψ 01Q1 + ψ 0i Q i or 0,85 ∑ G + Q + ∑ψ
1 0i Q i

∑ G =∑ γ G Gk – permanent action,
Q1 = max (γ S S; γ W W ; γ T T ; γ SQ Q;) – variable action with highest impact (snow, wind,
temperature, crane),
∑ ψ 0 i Q i – rest of variable actions

Reducing factors ψ 0 i ,:
load ψ0 ψ1 ψ2
snow 0,5 0,2 0
wind 0,6 0,2 0
temperature 0,6 0,5 0
crane 1,0 0,9 0,8