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Email: grandywungo@live.undip.ac.id
Abstract. As one of the districts that have an important role for Karanganyar Regency in
agriculture and tourism, Jenawi District is a producer of 18 out of the 22 agricultural
commodities in Karanganyar Regency, Indonesia. In addition, Jenawi District also has various
natural tourism objects such as caves, valleys, waterfalls, springs, and other tourism objects.
However, the potential of agriculture and tourism has not been able to improve community
welfare because there is no policy to encourage the agricultural and tourism sectors in Jenawi
District. Therefore, this study aims to formulate alternative policy models in the agriculture
and tourism sectors in Jenawi District.
This research uses quantitative research methods using primary and secondary data
types, where the data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, FGDs, literature
reviews, and GIS analysis. GIS analysis enabled spatial data integration and visualization,
facilitating the identification of patterns, relationships, and potential areas for agriculture and
tourism development. The analysis method used is a dynamic system method that uses the causal
loop diagram analysis technique. The analysis results found that the dynamic system model in
Jenawi District that has been designed is able to work properly with high accuracy levels.
There are differences between with and without policies, especially in the incentives used,
which have significant differences. With the implementation of policies in Jenawi District,
there is a difference in income results in the agricultural sector reaching 20%-27%, and in the
tourism sector reaching 80%.
Keywords: Agriculture and Tourism, GIS, Jenawi District, Policy Model, System Dynamic
1. Introduction
Changes in public development policies will have an impact on social change (people's welfare)
[1] For example, phenomena in various developing countries including Indonesia such as
unemployment, poverty, social inequality, scarcity of social services are major social problems from
the past until now. One form of effective policy to reduce and overcome this phenomenon is the
implementation of poverty reduction policies listed in the regional regulation of Karanganyar Regency
no. 11 of 2017 concerning poverty reduction which includes Family-based Poverty Reduction
programs; community empowerment-based Poverty Reduction program; Poverty Reduction program
based on microeconomic business empowerment and other programs. These policies and programs
are in practice able to reduce poverty, which according to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics
Karanganyar in 2021 there was a decrease of 17% in the number of poor people in Karanganyar
Regency. Based on this, it can be concluded that in the context of national development, public policy
is a tool, mechanism, and system that can direct and translate development goals and public or
community welfare [2].
Intanpari is an acronym for a region that has a development concept in three sectors, namely
industry, agriculture, and tourism. The three sectors are the driving sectors of the regional economy
intended to improve the community's welfare. The development of the industrial sector in the form of
large or small industries, areas with leading agricultural products, and the existence of tourism in a
place can become one of attractive tourism destinations. One region with the intanpari concept in
Indonesia is Karanganyar Regency. The policies that are applied in optimizing intanpari activities in
Karanganyar Regency are contained in chapter 5 point (10) of the [3], namely in the form of a
strategic area designation that facilitates the spatial needs of the three sectors, namely, to establish
areas prioritized as the development of industrial allocation areas, agropolitan areas, as well as
establishing strategic tourist attractions in the east and increasing man-made and historical tourism
activities in the west of the region. One of the districts that has the potential for intanpari activities in
Karanganyar Regency is
Jenawi District. Jenawi District is the producer of 18 out of 22 agricultural products in Karanganyar
Regency. Jenawi District produces paddy rice, sweet potatoes, cassava, corn, 13 types of vegetable
crops, and 17 fruit crops, with the largest agricultural commodity according to the Badan Pusat
Statistik (BPS) of Karanganyar Regency in 2021 is sweet potatoes (31,523.64 tons) and the largest
plantation commodity is bananas (29,993 tons), then in the tourism sector, tourism objects in Jenawi
District are dominated by natural attractions such as caves, valleys, waterfalls, spring, and other tours.
In 2018, Cetho Temple became the destination with the second highest number of visitors in
Karanganyar Regency with 87,465 visitors, while the Jumog Teak waterfall tour was in 5th position
with 47,265 visitors. However, with such great natural potential, Jenawi District still has problems in
terms of community welfare. According to the Badan Pusat Statistik, the amount of data on the pre-
welfare population and welfare 1 in Jenawi District is 1,070 residents or 12.7% of the total population
of Jenawi District and the income of Jenawi District residents is generally in the range of IDR
1,500,000 - IDR 2,000,000 or below the Karanganyar Regency MSE which is IDR 2,207,483.64 [4].
The existence of community welfare problems in Jenawi District is due to the inaccurate
formulation of policies in utilizing the potential that exists in the district. According to the RTRW
Kabupaten Karanganyar 2012-2032 chapters 31, 33, and 38, it is stated that Jenawi District is included
in the category of development of food crop areas, horticultural crops, and tourism areas. However, in
the revised program matrix of the RTRW Kabupaten Karanganyar 2012-2032, only 2 policies related
to tourism were found and no programs were found that encourage the agricultural sector in Jenawi
District. In fact, there are still many problems related to tourism and agriculture in Jenawi District that
have not received attention from the local government. For example, there is a safety issue on the
route or road to the Cetho Temple tourist attraction that can endanger visitors to the tourism attraction
and the problem of the distribution chain of agricultural products which is too long, thus affecting the
low prices received by farmers during the harvest season.
Therefore, the purpose of this study is to formulate alternative policy models in the
agriculture and tourism sectors in Jenawi District. One of the tools to determine a good policy is to
use a dynamic system approach. System dynamics is a method that can function as a structure shaper
and estimate the behavior and feedback of the system in an integrated [5] The application of the
system dynamics model has been carried out by several researchers to formulate a policy
recommendation, which can be seen in the simulation of public policy formulation as it aims to
monitor various complex structures based on identified phenomena and can see changes in policy
behavior and provide feedback flows to design policy formulations [6]. Thus, the application of the
system dynamics model is suitable to be applied as a decision-making tool to determine policies that
can guide and translate development goals and have the maximum impact on the development of the
agricultural and tourism sectors to improve community welfare in Jenawi District.
One tool for formulating a good policy model is to use a dynamic systems approach. System
dynamics is a method that can function as a structure shaper and estimate system behavior and
feedback in an integrated manner [5]The application of system dynamics models has been carried out
by several researchers to formulate policy recommendations, which can be seen in public policy
formulation simulations because they aim to monitor various complex structures based on identified
phenomena and can see changes in behavior policy and provide feedback flow to design policy
formulation [6]. Thus, the preparation of a system dynamics model is suitable to be applied as a
decision-making tool to determine policies that are able to guide and translate development goals and
have a maximum impact
on the development of the agricultural and tourism sectors in improving the welfare of the community
in Jenawi Regency.
Figure 4. The Map of Tourism and Supporting Facilities (Analysis Results, 2023)
Various tourist objects and supporting facilities for tourism activities are scattered in each
village in Jenawi District. Tourist objects as an element of attraction in tourism activities in Jenawi
District total eight tours, namely four tours in Gumeng Village such as Pengantin Waterfall, Cetho
Temple, Katresnan Valley, and Sendang Pundishari. Meanwhile other tours such as Grenjengan
Waterfall which is in Menjing Village, Jumog Jati Waterfall in Balong Village, Sewawar Sedinding
Waterfall in Trengguli Village, and Cave Tlorong in Lempong Village. The existence of these eight
tourist objects can attract tourists that offer natural attractions so that it is the main reason for tourists
to visit these tourist objects.
While the supporting facilities are in the form of accessibility, accommodation, and amenities.
The accessibility element in Jenawi District is shown by the Bus Terminal located in Balong Village.
The terminal has one active route, namely to Sragen Regency which passes several villages in Jenawi
District and other districts in Sragen Regency. This tourist attraction is on a neighborhood road with a
narrow road width so large vehicles like buses cannot pass it. The existence of these bus routes can
provide transportation services for tourists to reach tourist objects. However, limited routes, fleets,
and the condition of damaged and steep access roads in several locations are obstacles to accessibility
for tourism. Accommodation elements in Jenawi District are in the form of villas, homestays, and
hotels
which are only located in two villages, namely Gumeng and Anggrasmani Villages and the
accommodation capacity for lodging is still low. Currently, there are at least 10 inns. With these
facilities, it can support tourism and increase the income of local residents because they use people's
houses to be used as lodging.
Jenawi District already has enough trade and service facilities that can become amenities in
tourism activities, such as 92 food stalls, 195 shops, and 2 markets. Judging from their distribution,
these facilities are evenly distributed throughout the villages of the Jenawi District. Its scattered
locations make it easy for visitors to reach these facilities. Meanwhile, self-service facilities,
restaurants, and cafes are not yet available in Jenawi District, so additional trade and service facilities
are needed to extend the visiting time of tourists. From these four elements, there are still deficiencies
and the unavailability of supporting facilities for tourism activities. So, it is necessary to develop new
activities and add facilities in Jenawi District, such as lodging, trade and services, and also
transportation.
3.4 Discussion
Changes in public development policies will have an impact on social change (people's
welfare) [1]. This is evidenced by the dynamic system modeling in Figure 9. In our study, we tried to
include policies as inputs from stock flow diagrams in the agricultural sector and also the tourism
sector in Jenawi District.
5. Acknwledgments
We would like to express our deepest gratitude to the following individuals and organizations for
their invaluable contributions and support throughout the completion of this project:
1. Our supervisor and also our lecture, Mr. Grandy Loranessa Wungo and Mrs. Nurini , for
their valuable guidance;
2. RKAT Faculty of Engineering Undip, for the research funding sources;
3. All the participants for their involvement.
6. References