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1 Which of the following were the first to cultivate food crops in the Americas?
2 Which of the following was a consequence of the spread of agricultural techniques among Indian groups?
3 Why did the practice of settled agriculture lead to the emergence of more complex civilizations?
4 Which of the following is true of Cahokia, also known as the City of the Sun?
6 Which of the following best explains the fact that bands of Indian hunters remained small in the area of the Great
Basin (present-day Nevada and Utah)?
7 How were North American Indian agricultural societies similar to each other?
hunting tribes.
tribes that had no sexual division of labor.
nomadic tribes.
agricultural tribes.
They followed the example of the Aztecs, practicing settled agriculture and living
a sedentary existence.
They accepted women as rulers in some villages.
They defined the extended family patrilineally.
They were unique among the North American tribes in that they had no known
religious beliefs.
11 The diverse inhabitants of North America spoke well over how many distinct languages?
1,000
500
1,500
750
12 Which of the following was one of the major means of subsistence of the people living in the northernmost region
of Upper Guinea?
Farming
Animal husbandry
Cultivation of rice
The gold trade
13 How did Upper Guinea differ from Lower Guinea in the 1400 CE?
Lower Guinea was primarily democratic; Upper Guinea had autocratic leadership.
Women were rice farmers in Lower Guinea; in Upper Guinea they traded.
While Lower Guinea peoples continued to practice traditional African religions,
the influence of the Islamic religion was felt more strongly in Upper Guinea.
Women were denied political power in Lower Guinea but held powerful political
and religious positions in Upper Guinea.
14 Most Africans of Lower Guinea were similar to the agricultural Indians of the Americas in which of the following
respects?
15 At the time of initial contact with the Europeans, Lower Guinea was characterized by
16 The societies of West Africa were like Native American societies in which of the following respects?
The social systems of both were organized on the basis of the dual-sex principle.
The political systems of both were organized on the basis of autocratic rule.
In both, work assignments were organized on the basis of a sexual division of
labor.
In both, women were allowed to hold formal political power over men.
17 The social systems of West Africa were all organized on the basis of the dual-sex principle, which meant that
female political and religious leaders governed the women and males ruled the
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Language: English
AND
HECTOR T. FENTON, Esq.,
Of the Philadelphia Bar.
PHILADELPHIA:
FIRESIDE PUBLISHING COMPANY.
1892.
Entered according to Act of Congress in the year 1892, by the
FIRESIDE PUBLISHING COMPANY,
in the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington, D. C.
Respectfully Dedicated
TO THE
PROPOSITION
THAT ALL AMERICAN CITIZENS SHOULD TAKE AN INTEREST
IN PUBLIC AFFAIRS.
PREFACE.
THOS. V. COOPER.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
BOOK I.—HISTORY OF THE POLITICAL PARTIES.
PAGE.
Colonial Parties—Whig and Tory 3
Particularists and Strong Government Whigs 5
Federals and Anti-Federals 6
Republicans and Federals 8
Downfall of the Federals 12
Democrats and Federals 17
Jefferson Democrats 19
Hartford Convention 20
Treaty of Ghent 20
Congressional Caucus 21
Protective Tariff 21
Monroe Doctrine 23
Missouri Compromise 24
Tariff—American System 25
Tenure of Office—Eligibility 27
Nullification—Democrats and Federals 29
United States Bank 31
Jackson’s Special Message on the United States Bank 33
Conception of Slavery Question 35
Democrats and Whigs 37
The Hour Rule 39
National Bank Bill—First 41
„ „ „ Second 43
Oregon Treaty of 1846 47
Treaty of Peace with Mexico 49
Clay’s Compromise Resolutions 51
Abolition Party—Rise and Progress of 53
Kansas-Nebraska Bill 55
Ritual of the American Party 57
Kansas Struggle 71
Lincoln and Douglas Debate 73
Charleston Convention—Democratic, 1860 81
Douglas Convention, 1860, Baltimore 86
Breckinridge Convention, 1860, Baltimore 86
Chicago Republican Convention, 1860 86
American Convention, 1860 87
Secession—Preparing for 87
Secession—Virginia Convention, 1861 91
„ Inter-State Commissioners 96
„ Southern Congress, Proceedings of 97
„ Confederate Constitution 97
„ Confederate States 98
Buchanan’s Views 99
Crittenden Compromise 104
Peace Convention 106
Actual Secession 109
„ „ Transferring Arms to the South 109
Fernando Wood’s Secession Message 112
Congress on the Eve of the Rebellion 113
Lincoln’s Views 115
Judge Black’s Views 115
Alexander H. Stephens’ Speech on Secession 116
Lincoln’s First Administration 120
Confederate Military Legislation 128
Guerrillas 129
Twenty-Negro Exemption Law 130
Douglas on the rebellion 130
Political Legislation Incident to the War 130
Thirty-Seventh Congress 131
Compensated Emancipation 135
Lincoln’s Appeal to the Border States 137
Reply of the Border States 138
Border State Slaves 139
Emancipation 141
„ Preliminary Proclamation of 141
„ Proclamation of 143
Loyal Governors, the Address of 144
Fugitive Slave Law, Repeal of 145
Financial Legislation 149
Seward as Secretary of State 149
Internal Taxes 151
Confederate Debt 152
Confederate Taxes 153
West Virginia—Admission of 158
Color in War Politics 159
Thirteenth Amendment—Passage of 167
Louisiana—Admission of Representatives 168
Reconstruction 169
Arkansas—Admission of 170
Reconstruction Measures—Text of 171
Fourteenth Amendment 174
McClellan’s Political Letters 175
Lincoln’s Second Administration 177
Andrew Johnson and his Policy 178
„ „ —Impeachment Trial 179
Grant 191
Enforcement Acts 193
Readmission of Rebellious States 193
Legal Tender Decision 194
Greenback Party 194
Prohibitory Party 196
San Domingo—Annexation of 196
Alabama Claims 197
Force Bill 197
Civil Service—Order of President Hayes 198
Amnesty 199
Liberal Republicans 199
Reform in the Civil Service 200
Credit Mobilier 200
Salary Grab 214
Returning Boards 217
Grangers 218
„ —Illinois Railroad Act of 1873 218
Civil Rights Bill—Supplementary 221
Morton Amendment 222
Whisky Ring 222
Belknap Impeached 223
White League 223
Wheeler Compromise—Text of 226
Election of Hayes and Wheeler 228
Electoral Count 229
Title of President Hayes 233
Cipher Despatches 234
The Hayes Administration 239
Negro Exodus 240
Campaign of 1880 242
Three Per Cent. Funding Bill 244
History of the National Loans 245
Garfield and Arthur—Inauguration of 253
Republican Factions 253
The Caucus 256
Assassination of Garfield 260
Arthur, President 261
Boss Rule 261
Readjusters 263
Mormonism—Suppression of 264
„ Text of the Bill 265
South American Question 269
Star Route Scandal 277
The Coming States 278
Chinese Question 281
„ „ —Speech of Senator Miller on 281
„ „ —Reply of Senator Hoar 285
Merchant Marine 296
Current Politics 298
Political Changes in 1882, 1883, 1884 304–
318
Cleveland’s Administration 321
Contests of 1885, 1886, 1887 321
The Campaigns of 1884, 1886, 1887, 1888 318–
335
The National Conventions of 1888 336
The Presidential Election of 1888 337
President Harrison’s Message on the Chilean Troubles 339
The National Conventions of 1892 347
BOOK II.—POLITICAL PLATFORMS.
Virginia Resolutions, 1798 2003
Virginia Resolutions, 1798—Answers of the State Legislatures 2006
Resolutions of 1798 and 1799 2010
Washington’s Farewell Address 2014
All National Platforms from 1800 to 1892 2021–
2079
Comparison of Platform Planks on Great Questions 2079–
2104