Had a go D Nearly there D Nailed it!

Neutralisation
1 A student mixes together an acid and alkali.
(a) Which two products are made?
D A Carbon dioxide 0 C Salt
D B Hydrogen D D Water (2 marks)

(b) Explain why this is a neutralisation reaction.

Because when an acid is mixed with an alkali, their opposing pH's will (1 mark)
cancel each other out an nuetralise the solution
2 A student was asked to investigate the change in pH of hydrochloric
acid as a powdered base is added.
(a) The images (right) show the hazard symbols of two bases.
(IRRITANT)
She chooses to use calcium hydroxide. calcium oxide calcium hydroxide

Suggest why.
Irritant
Calcium oxide is corrosive, whereas calcium hydroxide is an ............................. .
) so .Is
...Less
........risky
. . ......than
.......calcium
...... . ......oxide
.... ....which
.. ........is
...corrosive
..............and
. . . ....therefore
. . .......... . .more
..... . ... (2 marks)
dangerous
(b) Balance the symbol equation for the reaction between calcium hydroxide and
hydrochloric acid.
2 HCl - CaCl2 + .......
Ca(OH)z + ...... 2 H2O (2 marks)
She carries out the investigation by following the method shown below:
• Add some dilute hydrochloric acid to the beaker.
• Measure and record the pH of the contents of the beaker.
k) • Add a small mass of calcium hydroxide powder, stir, and then measure and record
the pH again. Repeat until the pH no longer changes.
(c) State one way she could measure the pH.
she could put drops of it in universal indicator solution (1 mark)
rk)
(d) She gathers the results and plots them on a 12
line graph. X )K
)i(

X
IO
Complete the graph by drawing the line of best fit.
�

...
"§ )K

X
)i(
)i(
2 _)(

Mass of calcium hydroxide added (g) (1 mark)

(e) Use the line to work out the mass of calcium hydroxide needed to neutralise the acid.
3g
······················································g (1 mark)

The acid is neutralised when the pH is 7.

Draw a line from 7 on the y-axis until it meets the line of best fit.
Then draw a line down from this point until it reaches the x-axis to
find out the amount of calcium hydroxide that neutralised the acid.