Motherboard

> The motherboard is the backbone of our

computer system and it is also the main
circuit board that connects all the computer
components in a single board, such as - RAM,
ROM, processor, Hard disk, Monitor, Sound
card, and graphics card.

> There are various connectors and

components of motherboard whose names
are - CPU Sockets, RAM Slots, Expansion
Slots, Storage Connectors, Power Connectors,
BIOS/UEFI Chip, Chipset & CMOS Battery.

Keyboard
> A keyboard is an input device that you use
to enter data, such as - text, numbers, and
other commands into a computer or
electronic device

> Keyboards are mostly used for personal

computers, such as - Laptops, Tablets,
Desktop computers, Mobile phones, and
other devices.

Monitor
> Personal computers use a monitor to
display data, run the software, and interact
with the user. A monitor is an electronic
visual display that connects to your CPU and
it is used for displaying images, text, videos,
games, web pages, and more.

> Monitors are available in different sizes

depending on the needs of the person using
them. The most common types of monitors
are CRT (cathode ray tube), LCD (liquid crystal
display), and LED (light-emitting diode).
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
> A CPU stands for Central Processing Unit
and it is also the brain of a computer. CPU is
a small size powerful chip that processes all
the calculations and tasks needed to
computer operate.

>The CPU is able to read and execute

instructions given by the user, such as -
Running apps or games, adding numbers, and
many other types of instructions.

> There are various components of CPU

whose names are - Control Unit (CU),
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Registers, Cache,
Bus Interface Unit (BIU) & Control Registers.

Mouse
> A mouse is a hardware input device that is
used to move the cursor or pointer on
computer screens. It can also be used to run
computer programs, select items &
manipulate objects in the computer world.

> Computer mouse are very easy to use and

this mouse are essential components of using
a computer. Computer mouse allow you to
control the cursor quickly and accurately,
which makes it much easier to navigate your
computer & perform tasks.
 Hard Disk Drive (HDD)
> A hard disk drive is a piece of hardware
inside a computer that stores information. It
is used to store various types of data, such as
- Documents, Pictures, Videos & Computer
applications, which can be accessed when
needed.

> A hard disk drive is a data storage device in

computers and the main function of this
storage device is to store data for long-term
usage.

Random-Access Memory (RAM)

> RAM is a type of computer memory that
stores information so the CPU can access it
directly. RAM memory is temporary memory
because RAM is a volatile memory in a
computer.

> Computer systems use main memory to

store both data and programs. The more
RAM you have the more data your system
can process at one time that your computer
does more efficient computer operations.

Read-only Memory (ROM)

> ROM stands for Read Only Memory and
this memory is also a type of computer
memory. ROM is able to store data
permanently because this memory is the
permanent memory of computer.

> Once you store data in ROM memory, you

cannot delete this data easily because this is
the non-volatile memory of the computer.
There are various types of ROM memory,
such as - MROM, PROM, EPROM & EEPROM.
Optical Drive
> Optical Drives are used in PCs to read and
write CDs and DVDs. The optical drive reads
the data from the disc, which can be
transformed into a digital file that is readable
by the computer.

> Optical drives are used to backup files, read

and write data, and data transfer from one
disc to another. The term "CD" refers to
Compact Discs, which are the most common
type of optical drive for modern computers.

Power Supply
> A power supply unit is an electrical
component of our computer that provides
the necessary power to operate a computer.
Computers are powered by electricity, and
the power supply converts the alternating
current (AC) from the electric outlet into
direct current (DC).
10 COMPUTER
HARDWARE

KURT BRYANN M. SUNGA

GRADE 9 - DALTON