Leçon

ANGLAIS
TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 Unit I: SOCIALIZING
Greeting
How to greet?
More formal:
Good morning!
Good afternoon!
Good evening!
Less formal: Hi / Hello!

Asking about health

How are you? / How are you keeping? / How are you feeling? /
Answer:
I’m fine/ I’m ok/ I’m very well thank you! I’m so so! I’m sick/ I’m ill

Asking about news

What’s news? / What’s up? /
Answer
Nothing special/ Nothing much/ Nothing to say

Thanking and answering

Thanking
Thank you! /Thank you so much! /Thanks a lot! / Many thanks! /Thank you very much!
Answering
Never mind/ It’s apleasure/ Not at all/ You’re welcome
Introducing
Self-introduction
I am………
My name is ………
Introducing someone
May I introduce you…………
His name is/ Her name is/ This is/ She is/ He is……….
Apologizing
Excuse me/ I’m sorry/ I’m terribly sorry
Answer No problem/ Don’t mention it/ It doesn’t matter/ Don’t worry about it
Saying good bye
Good bye! /See you (next time/next week)/Bye!

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 Unit II: THE SCHOOL

The school subjects

The subjects that we learn at school are: Malagasy, English, French, Mathematics, Physical-chemistry,
history-geography, science, physical education and physical training

Hobbies/ Leisure/ Distractions and break time

Something that you do during your free time
Eg: watching TV/movies….
Dancing/Singing/ Walking/ Listening to (the radio, music….)

- What is your favorite hobby?

My favorite hobby is…………………….

Interest
Want to be: a doctor/ a teacher/ a rich man/ a star…………….

VERB TO BE
Simple present
Affirmative form Negative form Interrogative form
I am I am not Am I?
You are You are not Are you?
She/He/It is He/She/It are not Is she/he/it?
We are We are not Are we?
You are You are not Are you?
They are They are not Are they?

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 Future simple
Affirmative form Negative form Interrogative form
I will be I will not be Will I be?
You will be You will not be will you be?
She/He/It will be He/She/It will not be Will she/he/it be?
We will be We will not be will we be?
You will be You will not be Will you be?
They will be They will not be will they be?

Simple past
Affirmative form Negative form Interrogative form
I was I was not Was I?
You were You were not Were you?
She/He/It was He/She/It was not Was she/he/it?
We were We were not Were we?
You were You were not Were you?
They were They were not Were they?

To BE GOING TO:
Positive form:
S + to be going to + inf + O
Eg: I am going to learn English
Negative form:
S+ to be not going to + inf + O
Eg: sue is not going to eat cake
Interrogative form:
To be + S + going to + infinitive+ O +?
Eg: are you going to write a letter

PRESENT CONTINUOS

Le présent progressif décrit deux situations temporelles.

Il décrit surtout une action en cours.
Ex. : Look ! It's snowing!
Regarde ! Il neige !
Listen! He's playing the violin.
Ecoute ! Il joue du violon.
Il peut également décrire un futur (avec une nuance d'intention).
Ex. : "What are you doing tonight?
? I'm visiting my uncle."
« Que fais-tu ce soir ? (= Que comptes-tu faire ce soir ?)
? Je vais rendre visite à mon oncle. »
Les verbes qui décrivent un état plutôt qu'une action « en progrès » ou en déroulement ne s'emploient pas
au présent progressif.

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

Il s'agit des verbes exprimant un sentiment, une opinion.
Ex. : to like ;
to love ;
to hate ;
to think (uniquement dans le sens de « croire ») ;
to believe ;
to see ;
to want ;
to know...
b. Construction
Le présent progressif se construit selon le modèle suivant :
auxiliaire be conjugué au présent + base verbale + terminaison en -ing

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 THE PASSIVE VOICE
INTRODUCTION
The passive of an active tense is formed by putting the verb to be into the same tense as the active verb and
adding the past participle of the active verb. The subject of the active verb becomes the ‘agent’ of the
passive verb. The agent is very often not mentioned. When it is mentioned it is preceded by and placed at
the end of the clause.

ACTIVE VOICE: S + V + O
Eg: My grandfather planted this tree.
PASSIVE VOICE: O + Verb to be + Past participle + by + S
Eg: This tree was planted by my grandfather.
PASSIVE VERB TENSES

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 Unit III: THE FAMILY
Talking about family members:
Grandparents: grandfather and grand mother
Parents: mother and father
son is the male child and daughter is the female child

Other relation:
Sister/Brother/Cousin/Uncle/ Aunt/nephew/ niece
Parents in law are mother and father in law
Son and daughter in law
Sister and brother in law

 To talk about celebration within a family:

For example:
- Wedding
- Bridal ceremony
- Circumcision
- Exhumation

VOCABULARY AREA:
- Groom: jeune homme garcon
- Bride: jeune femme
- Orator: oratory ou discours

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 Unit IV: THE WORLD OF WORK

Talking about jobs and professions

Job is a work that you do regularly to earn money
What sort of work do women, men and both?
Men: taxi-driver/ Fisherman/ mechanic/Electrician/Priest/Farmer/Stewards/Tailor……
Women: hair dresser/Dress maker/ Housewife/ Housemaid/ Nurs/ Mid wife/ Baby siter……..
Both: teacher/Engineer/ Doctor/ Secretary/Judge
Decupation:
What does teacher do?
teacher teaches the children at school
what does the postman do?
The postman delivers the letters
What does a pilot do?
The pilot flies the plane
Talking about local jobs
It is a work for living:
Eg: a poster artist, a shoes maker, a charcoal seller, a brick maker…….
The present continuous tense
1) Affirmative form:
S +am/is/are +V ing + O
Eg: we are speaking Malagasy
2) Negative form:
S + am/is/ are + NOT +V ing + O
Eg: she is not dancing
Interrogative form:
Am/is/are + S+ V ing + O +?
Eg: Are we singing?
Time markers/ Key-words/Signals:
Now, at this moment, today, at present, look! listen!
The compound noun:
a) Noun + Verb + er:
Someone who teaches English
 An English teacher
Someone who keeps the goal
 A goal keeper
b) Noun + noun:
The cover of the table
 A table cover
The cup of coffee
 A coffee cup
The side of road
 A road side
TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 UNIT V: THE SPORT

I- Talking about individual and collective sports

To practise: pratiquer
Games: jeux
To swim: nager
To run: courrir
To jump: sauter
Athletes: someone who practises the individual sport

Indoor # outdoor
To win: gagner
Winner: vainqueur
1- Individual sports:
A sport practised by one person
Eg: running, swimming, jumping, …
2- Collective sports:
A sport practised by many persons:
Eg: foot-ball, basket-ball, hand-ball, …

 Indoor sports:
A sport practised in the room
Eg: box, karate, judo, …
 Outdoor sports:
A sport practised out of the room
Eg: football, cycling, running, …

II- Talking about the Olympic games

The Olympic games are practised by athletes in a different country every four years. The first in the game is the
winner he/she gets the GOLD MEDAL, the second gets the SILVER MEDAL and the third gets the BRONZE
MEDAL, someone who wins the gold medal is the best in the world.

III- Talking about a Football world cup:

The match endures 90 minute. The first half 45 minutes and the second half 45 minutes

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 VOCABULARIES AREA:
Team: équipe
Referee: arbitre
Whistle: siffler
To blow/to whistle: soufler
Quarter final: quart de final
Semifinal: demi final
Final match: final
First round: premier round
Second round: deuxieme round
To win # to loose

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 THE ADJECTIVES/THE COMPARATIVES/THE
SUPERLATIVES
A) THE ADJECTIVES:

I- Short adjectives:
Thin-slim-big-short-long-tall-small-little…

II- Long adjectives:

Expensive-beautiful-comfortable

B) THE COMPARATIVES:
I- Comparatives of equality:

Positive form: as + adj + as

Eg: This chalk/This one (adj: long)

 This chalk is as long as this one
Hanitra/ Mahery (adj: short)
 Hanitra is as short as Mahery

Negative form: Not + So/as + adj + as

Eg:
This chalk is not so long as this one
Hanitra is not as short as Mahery

II- Comparative of superiority:

a) Short adjective

Adj ER +
than
Eg: Fabiola/Romania (adj long)
 Fabiola is longer than Romania

NB:
Good = Gooder = Better
- Gooder is not correct
Bad = Bader = Worse
- Bader is not correct

b) Long adjective:

More + Adj +
than
Sofa-chair (adj comfortable)
Eg:
 Sofa is more comfortable than Chair

III- Comparative of inferiority

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 Less + Adj +
Than
Eg: River- Ocean (adj: deep)
 The river is less deep than the Ocean

C) THE SUPERLATIVES:

I- The superlative of superiority:

a) Short adj:

The + Adj + Est

Eg: Jean-pupil-in 5e III (Adj: clever)

 Jean is the cleverest pupil in 5e III

N.B:
Good = the best
Bad = the worst

b) Long adj:

The + most + adj

Eg:
Jean-pupil-in 5e III (Adj: intelligent)
 Jean is the most intelligent pupil in 5e III.

II- The superlative of inferiority:

The least + Adj

Eg: Bike-Motorcycle-Bus-Chart (Adj: Fast or quick)

 Chart is the least fast or quick of all them.

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 UNIT VI: THE TRAVELLING

I- Talking about air travel:

Travel: voyage
Airplane: avion
A pilot : pilote
Passenger : passager/voyageur
Airport: aeroport
Lounge: hall
Arrival: arrive
Departure: depart
Luggage: bagage
Runway: piste d’atterissage
Brochure: billet
- A pilot = someone who flies the plane
- Passenger = someone who travels
- Air Hostess/stewardess/steward = someone who arranges in the plane

THE FUTUR TENSE

1- Forms
a) Positive form:

S + will/shall + Verb(to) + Object

Eg: V= to play
 Rakoto will travel tomorrow

b) Negative form

S + will/shall not + Verb(to) + Object

Eg: We will not go to abroad

c) Interrogative form:

will/shall + S + Verb(to) + Object?

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 Eg: Will you study next Friday?

NB:
Shall = proposal (with subject I and We only)

THE KEYWORDS/SIGNALS/FREQUENCY ADVERBS:

 Tomorrow, following,
 This (morning/afternoon/…)
 Next (time, day, week, month, year…)

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 UNIT VII: TELLING STORIES
I- Talking about things appearance and people’s characteristics:

VOCABULARIES AREA:
- To be blind: Aveugle
- Sharp: malin
- Wide: vaste
- High: haut
- To be like: se ressembler

Structures:
 It is like a ….
Eg:
It is like a dog
 As … as …
Eg:
He is as smart as his brother
 What is … like?
Eg:
What is long like this?

Comparison: (see the adjective lesson)

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 THE MODALS

MUST(obligation) To have to/to have got to

Eg: we must eat food three times a day Eg: we have to eat food three times a day
CAN/COULD (capacity) To be able to
Eg: She can speak English Eg: She is able to speak English
MAY(Permission) To be allowed to
Eg: You may go out Eg: You are allowed to go out

SHOULD (strong obligation) Ought to

Eg: The student should arrive early at school Eg: The student ought to arrive early at school

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 UNIT VIII: LIKES AND DISLIKES
I- Likes and dislikes:
a- Expressing asking about likes

- What do you like……?

Eg: what does your sister like?
- Would you prefer………. or………….?
Eg: would you prefer coffee or tea?

b- Expressing asking about dislikes

- What do you hate….?

- What do you dislike….?
- What don’t you like about……?
Eg: What does Mary hate you?

c- Expressing likes
- I like
- I like……. very much
- I love…….
- I enjoy…….
- I prefer…….
- I’m fond of……
Eg: Mary is fond of sleeping.

d- Expressing dislikes
- I hate …...
- I dislike……
- I detest…….
- I can’t bear …...
Eg: I dislike dancing
Remember:

To like something to love something

 To like + V ing (gerund)
Eg: The baby likes milking very much
 To dislike + V ing (gerund)
Eg: The baby dislikes milking very much

VOCABULARIES AREA:
- Guitar, organ, drum, synthesizer
- Local musical instruments
- Musician, singer, performer,
- Drummer, guitarist, designer, audio, rhythm, lyrics

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 UNIT IX: THE ENVIRONMENT

I- Talking about getting and using water:

a) We get water from:

- Rain fall (roof)
- Well (puts)
- River
- Lake
- Dam
- Tape
- Pump
b) We use water for:
- Washing
- Drinking
- Watering
- Cooking
- Bathing
 It is a source of electricity as well

II- The weather/seasons and natural disasters:

a) The weather:
The different types of weather are: rainy-sunny-gloomy-freeze…
Asking about weather:
- What is the weather like?
TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 - What will the weather like?
Eg: what the weather like today?
 It is running
b) The different seasons of the year:
- The winter: on the winter the day is cold and the trees are without leaves
- The spring: the day is warm and the trees are blooming
- The summer: the day is warm and rain. The trees are unfruitful
- Autumn: sometimes the day is cold or warm. Leaves of the threes fall down.
c) Natural disasters:
- Tornado
- Flood
- Wildfire
- Earthquake
- Drought
- Tsunami
- Landslide
- Typhoon
- Volcano eruption
- Ice storm
- Sinkhole
- Sandstorm
- Hurricane
- Fog
- Thunderstorm
- Drizzle

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]

 UNIT X: GAMES AND PUZZLES

 What is a game?
The game is an activity, human or animal, practiced for entertainment.
 The different kind of games:
- Card games
- Pencil and paper games
- Strategy games
- Online games
- Lawn games
- Education games
- Guessing games

 How to play puzzle in English?

Take out the puzzle pieces and place them 'face up'. Find the corner and edge pieces first and put
them in place. Look for pieces according to the shapes needed to fit a space. Flip and turn pieces, match
colors, look for 'parts' of pictures or lines that might go together.

TSY AZO ANAOVANA DIKA MITOVY RAHA TSY NAHAZO ALALANA AVY @ TOMPONY

Tel:0346131806 TANA 101 [Tapez ici]