FAKULTI SAINS GUNAAN

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

CAWANGAN PERLIS KAMPUS ARAU
CHM 361-INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
CASE STUDY:

Title: JUVENILE DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE 1

Lecturer’s Name: SIR. MUHAMMAD SYUKRI BIN NOOR AZMAN

Date of Submission:

No. Name No. Matric Group

1. RAIHAN BINTI ISMAIL 2019250678 RAS1205E

2. WAN NUR IZZATY BINTI WAN AZMAN 2019299476 RAS1205E

3. NUR SYAKIRAH BINTI MOHD FUZI 2019287556 RAS1205E

4. NOR IFTIHA BINTI ABDUL AZIZ 2019217292 RAS1205E

1.0 ABSTRACT

Type 1 diabetes which known as juvenile diabetes mellitus. Insulin-dependent is a situation

where the pancreas produces little or no insulin. Additionally, insulin can be said as an
important thing to human for needed to allow the sugar (glucose) to enter our cells for
producing the energy. Different factors, including the genetics may contribute to type 1
diabetes. However, this type 1 diabetes usually appears during childhood but it can develop
in adults too. As everyone know, type 1 diabetes has no cure. Moreover, treatment focuses
on managing blood sugar levels with the insulin, diet and lifestyle for preventing any
complications. It is important to bear in mind that acute, people need to care with this disease
and the life-threating can be avoiding. Aim of this topic is to briefly summarise and aware
people about the type 1 diabetes and what are the best strategies to improve the symptoms
and the treatments when they have this disease. Other than that, the purpose of this report
also to know about the statistics people who have the potential get this type 1 diabetes
mellitus.

2.0 INTRODUCTION

Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 or known as Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus is a rare form of disease
where only 10% of people around the world get Diabetes Mellitus Type 1. This type of diabetes
is characterized by the failure of the pancreas to produce insulin due to abnormalities in the
immune system that usually appears during young age and causes by genetic factors, so there
is no prevention since it just happens that got nothing to do with lifestyle or diet. Before the
diagnosis, the body tries to get rid of the glucose through the kidneys and make the patients
pee a lot and leads to extreme thirst and hunger. It is because glucose cannot enter the cells
to give energy, so the patients will feel incredibly tired.

The body breaks down fat stores to provide fuel and that is the reason why patients often
loss weight before discover that they have Diabetes Mellitus Type 1. Other symptoms such as
vision problems, fatigue, heavy breathing, nausea and abdominal pain while the patients
should seek emergency care if they have severe abdominal pain, fainted and uncontrolled
shivering of the body. There is no cure to treat patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 but they
will get insulin by injecting or using pump which delivers a constant supply into the body and
the patients need to check the blood glucose levels by using blood glucose testing device
several times a day to make sure the level is not too high and too low.
Objectives

1. To create awareness among people about diabetes mellitus type 1

2. To give knowledge about the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 1
3. To make a statistic about people that have the potential to get diabetes mellitus type 1

3.0 MATERIALS AND METHODS

For material and method, we have created a questionnaire based on the objectives that
consist of two parts which are part A and part B. For part A is a question for general knowledge
where we created the question about the definition, symptoms, causes, compilations of the
juvenile (type 1) diabetes mellitus and the treatment for diabetes type 1. In addition, we
provided the differentiation for diabetes type 1 and type 2 then asking for their understanding
about the differentiation between those type because, we have to make sure that respondent
can differentiate these two types of diabetes to continue with part B questions. For part B
questions are about the general diagnosis by asking respondents about their family
background history that have suffers from diabetes type 1 and asking for symptoms that
commonly appear in patient that having this disease. After respondent answering all the
questions in part B, we advised respondent that having a symptom that can lead to juvenile
(type 1) diabetes mellitus to seek emergency medical care immediately.

Figure 1 and 2: shown the questionnaire of part A and part B by using google form as an
online platform
 Besides, we used a google form for getting a response from respondent because it is
easy to conduct and manage. Other than that, it easy to use for respondent due to most of
them are usually quite familiar with this online platform. Next, we selected the social media as
a channel to spread the link of survey among users of those social media such as WhatsApp,
Facebook, and Instagram. To attract people to interest in our survey, we summarized how
juvenile (type 1) diabetes mellitus can make a damage to our body and several symptoms that
can make them more aware and curious about their health condition. Therefore, they will be
inquiring to know and answering our survey.

Figure 3, 4 and 5: shown the several posting of the survey on the social media where figure
3 is on Facebook, figure 4 is on WhatsApp and figure 5 is on Instagram.
4.0 RESULTS

1. Do you have any family members that suffers

from diabetes type 1 ?

22%

78%

no yes

Figure 6: shows the pie chart of percentage of respondents based on family background
history.

percentage of respondents

31%

69%

female male

Figure 7: shows the pie chart of percentage of respondents that divided into female and
male.
 percentage score for part A questions

100%

Score 80%

60%

40%

20%

0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
response of female and male

male female

Figure 8: bar chart above shows the percentage score for part A questions.

2. Do you have any of the symptoms ?

extreme thirst,hunger
0%
and weight loss
frequent urination 5%

vision problem 7%

vomiting and nausea 3%

fatigue 3%

irritability 0%

abdominal pain 3%

heavy breathing 2%

none 81%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Figure 9: bar chart above based on question 2 in part B where it is a statistic of symptom
diabetes type 1 from all respondents.
5.0 DISSCUSION

For the discussion, the results obtained from the survey shown that the possibility of the
respondents to get Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus is lower. It is because there are 22% of the
respondents who’s their family members had Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus based on Question 1
Part B. Then, on the Question 2 Part B, there are no respondent who get all the symptoms at
once, so the chances to get Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus is lower. Even though the results same
as we expected which is lower risk from the respondents on Question 1 Part B, but we are
sure there are a few of them confused between Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and 2. It is because
Juvenile Diabetes Mellitus is a rare disease that only 10% of the people around the world
suffer from it, so we expected the percentage of family history get diabetes below than 10%.
Even though we provided the difference between Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 and 2, but the
mistake can happen that make our results not accurate. The mistake happened whether we
are not explained much in the form that the respondent cannot understand well or the
respondent not taking it seriously. This is the disadvantages of using online platform because
we cannot explain it by face to face.

6.0 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, nowadays diabetes mellitus type 1 either type 2 are considered to be a

major health problem that can predict to turn into global epidemic. It also can be called as a
slow killer with no known curable treatments. In the developing of countries, the number of
people who get diabetes mostly increasing day by day as well as complication like Juvenile
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 will continue to rise. Even though, we can see through our online
survey that we made, diabetes type 1 is getting a lower statistic among the community. It’s
okay because we think maybe some people who discover information about this disease is
very low and we also know that this diabetes type 1 is not a common disease but it very rare
disease between us. Besides that, this diabetes type 1 can be said as a chronic condition in
which the pancreas produces little or no insulin by itself. Hence, you may have found out
whatever you have type 1 diabetes especially from a routine blood test or you may have had
sudden severe symptoms that led you refer to the doctor.

So, for some people who living with diabetes type 1 mostly has a no cure but it’s very
treatable. As I see it, for people who have this disease please immediately consult to a doctor
by getting the early treatment. Even this treatment just only aims to keep your blood glucose
levels as normal as possible and controls your symptoms but at least is can prevent your
health problems developing later in life. If we didn’t take this disease seriously it may be life-
threatening. We know being a healthy should be part of your overall lifestyle. Living a healthy
lifestyle can help prevent your diseases and long-term illness so if you must to take the
treatment just take it because our life is very precious thing so don’t waste it. To protect
ourselves and our beloved ones, stay alert to outbreaks and take steps for preventing this
diabetes mellitus type 1 because prevention is better than cure.

REFERENCES

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