LESSON 01 – NOVEMBER 13, 2023 Every government, therefore, tries to make itself seem

POLITICAL AND LEADERSHIP legitimate in the eyes of the people.

STRUCTURES C. AUTHORITY
A. POLITICAL STRUCTURE OR INSTITUTION – (WEBER) Defined as a power that people perceive as
legitimate rather than coercive, p.394
– (WEBER, 2016) Defined as the organized way in which
power is allocated and decisions are made within TYPES OF AUTHORITY
society, as cited by Santarita & Madrid.
1. TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY (culture)
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART OF THE PHILIPPINE
– Respect for a long-standing cultural pattern is used to
GOVERNMENT
legitimize power.
1. THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH (approve the law)
2. RATIONAL-LEGAL AUTHORITY (rules)
– Comprised of the President and the Vice President
– Known as bureaucratic authority; legally created rules
who
and regulations are used to legitimize power.
are chosen by direct popular vote and fulfill a term of six
years. The Constitution grants the President authority to
3. CHARISMATIC AUTHORITY (skill)
appoint his Cabinet. These departments form a large
– extraordinary personal skills that inspire devotion and
portion of the country’s bureaucracy.
obedience are used to legitimize power.
2. THE LEGISLATIVE BRANCH (formulate the law)
– Can make laws, alter, and reverse them through the
power bestowed in the Philippine Congress. This
institution is divided into the Senate and the House of
Representatives.

3. THE JUDICIAL BRANCH (execute the law)

– Maintains the power to resolve disputes concerning
rights that are legally demandable and enforceable. This
branch decides whether there has been a serious abuse
of judgment amounting to lack or excess of authority on
the part and instrumentality of the government. It is
made up of a Supreme Court and lower courts.
– The Constitution explicitly permits the Supreme Court
the power of Judicial Review as the power to declare a
treaty, international or executive agreement, law,
presidential decree, proclamation, order, instruction,
ordinance, or regulation unconstitutional.

B. POWER

– (MACIONIS, 2012) Defined as the capacity to realize

desired ends despite opposition from others. The
utilization of power is the business of government,
which is defined as a formal organization that directs the
political life of a society. Therefore, governments
demand compliance on the part of a population.

– (MACIONIS & WEBER, 2012) "No government is likely

to keep its power for long if compliance comes only
from the threat of brute force. Even the most brutal
dictator must wonder if there can ever be enough police
to watch everyone and who would watch the police?