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The equation of the Sphere has the following three characteristics. It is of second degree equation in x, y, z The coefficients of x2, y2, z2 are equal The terms xy, yz and zx are absent
If the coefficients of x2, y2, z2 are each unity, then the coordinates of the centre of the Sphere are , ,
and square of the radius is equal to the sum of the squares of the coordinates of the centre minus the constant term.
Equation of a Sphere with the extremities of diameter at the points (x1, y1, z1) and (x2, y2, z2) is
Two Spheres S1 and S2 whose radii are r1 and r2 touch externally if the distance between their centres is equal to the sum of their radii. d = r1 + r2 The point of contact is the point which divides internally the line joining the centres in the ratio of the radii.
Two Spheres S1 and S2 whose radii are r1 and r2 touch internally if the distance between their centres is equal to the difference of their radii. d = r1 ~ r2 The point of contact is the point which divides externally the line joining the centres in the ratio of the radii.
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To find the condition that the plane Ax + By + Cz + D = 0 may touch the Sphere is
and is
The General Equation of a Right Circular Cylinder If the axis of the required cylinder is equation of a circular cylinder is and radius is r then the
The equation of the Cylinder whose generators intersect the curve , and parallel to the line is
is
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The equation of the Cone whose vertex is at the point generators intersect the conic is ,
, ,
and whose
The equation of the Right Circular Cone whose vertex is at at the line and whose semi-vertical angle
, , is
The equations of the enveloping cone whose vertex is at generators touch the sphere is
, ,
and whose
The equation of the tangent plane at the point (x1, y1, z1) to the cone is