Explain the two functions of Management.

(10m)

Management involves a set of functions that are essential for achieving organisation’s goals
and ensuring efficient operations. Henri Fayol, a French management theorist identified five
function of management and among them, two primary functions are widely recognized
which are planning and organizing. Planning is the beginning and fundamental function of
management, which involve the process of setting objectives and determining the best
course of action and developing the most suitable strategy to achieve organisational goals.
Setting objectives involve defining what the organisation aims to achieve. Objectives provide
a clear sense of direction and purpose for the entire organisation. Once the objectives are
established, managers need to devise the most effective strategy to accomplish it. Planning
requires making decision about resource allocation, time management and the most
effective methods to achieve the desired results.

Other than planning, organizing is also essential in the topic of management.

Organizing is the function of management that involves arranging and structuring resources
to implement the planned actions. It establishes the internal organizational structure, task
allocations, and ensures resources are used efficiently. Organizing includes designing the
organisational structure, which involves determining the hierarchy of authority, task division
and the mechanism coordination. Once the plan is in place, organizing involves distributing
resources, such as human resources, financial management, and technology to carry out the
plan effectively. To achieve organizational objectives, there must be coordination among
different departments and individuals. Organizing facilitates communication and
collaboration. These two functions are intertwined and often carried out together. Effective
planning is directly proportional to the success of organizing and vice versa. Together, these
function provide framework for managers to guide their teams towards achieving common
goals in an organized and efficient manner.