Solar Tracking System
Solar Tracking System
Volume 8, Issue 11, November – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Solar Tracking System
Rupali Deshpande1; Avani Agashe2; Omkar Avhad3; Shashank Attal4; Sanskruti Auti5; Jaywant Avhad6; Vedant Awachar7
Department of Engineering, Sciences and Humanities (DESH) Vishwakarma Institute of Technology,
Pune, 411037, Maharashtra, India
Abstract:- Solar tracking system is unconventional produced energy and utilizing it in railway tunnels and road
method of producing electricity from solar energy in tunnels as a source of light.
contemporary times. Today there are multiple sources of
energy production, most of which are non-renewable and This will not only improve the electricity but also
hazardous to the environment. Thus, this system is an decrement in need of other resources for mass energy
attempt to eradicate the use of such methods and use production, such as coal etc. We have implemented such
effective method for eco-friendly energy production from system on a microscopic level, on the upsurgence of massive
sun by continuously tracking its motion. solar panels with tracking systems embedded in them, the
energy production from sun will meet drastic difference both
Keywords:- Green-Energy, Electricity, Eco-Friendly, Solar, in amount and efficiency of electricity.
Renewable, Tracking.
II. COMPONENTS USED
I. INTRODUCTION
Arduino Uno :
In today’s era of modernization, when the world is Arduino uno board is used for the control and
ameliorating at good pace, technologies must walk hand in manipulation of system components interlinked to one
hand with the requirements of science and humanity. We another.
have limited sources of energy production. India uses almost
majorly coal for electricity production. [ Nearly 32,285 MW LDR :
coal and gas based thermal power projects are under Light Dependent Resistors are used to detect the
construction as on 1 April 2021] [5]. And with a nation of variation in intensity of solar radiation. As per the intensity it
such vast population, the needs of electricity cannot be aids to decide upon the direction of rotation of the motor.
compromised. But with current methods of energy
production, it is severely affecting the environment with the Servo Motor :
residual pollution it creates, not only the pollution but it S095 Servo Motor is used to rotate the solar panel in
results into depletion of natural resources such as coal, water, 180 degrees of direction directed through LDR.
uranium etc. The need of solar energy cannot be overlooked.
Thus, this system is best alternative for the production of Solar Panel :
green electricity. 12V, 100mA Solar panel is used in order to produce
electricity from solar radiation. The panel is able to generate
Solar panel tracking system is used to effectively 1.34A of current in 12-hour duration.
produce solar electricity by absorbing maximum amount of
sunlight. As we are aware that the sun gradually keeps Jumper Wires :
changing its position thus, altering the intensity of light Used to connect the components with each other and to
falling on stationary solar plates. Through solar panel create a working circuit.
tracking system we attempt to eliminate this drawback from
the conventional solar systems. With this updated version of Wooden Base :
solar plates, one can ensure the efficient production of It is used as a stand and base for the solar panel system.
electricity in the intense sunlight period, which otherwise is
confined due to improper absorption of sunlight. 6A Battery :
It is used to store the electricity generated by the solar
The system consists of basic equipment available at panel.
ease (mentioned above), and thus ensuring cost-effectivity of
the model.
As, the sun changes its position the solar panel will
accordingly adjust itself, such feature is absent in
conventional solar panels. The importance of such system is
therefore axiomatic.
Further, the energy produced can be used for multiple
application. But our prime focus would on storing the
IJISRT23NOV2012 www.ijisrt.com 1753
Volume 8, Issue 11, November – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
III. FEATURES Authors further elaborates about the two mechanisms of
rotation namely, active trackers and passive trackers.
Active trackers use components like LDR to track the
motion of sun, and passive trackers uses the super condensed
fluid, which evaporates on exposure of sun, and creates vapor
pressure which directs the solar panel to heavy side.
Micro-Controller-Based Sun Tracking System, Nasir
Ahmed Filfil, Deia Hallbot Mohuseen, DR. Khamis A.
Zidan
In this particular research work, emphasis is given on
astronomical method of tracking the position sun during each
hour, which then is loaded into microcontroller to
automatically adjust the solar panels. The authors have
worked out such arrangements using 3 mathematical
equations to find out terms like hour angle to better
understand the positioning of the sun.
Such method does not need any trackers, active or
passive.
V. FLOWCHART/ METHODOLOGY
STEP 1: Assembling the Architecture of Model.
Fig 1 Working Model of Solar Tracking System
STEP 2: Making Proper Connections of Component with
Built with Minimum of Components. Each Other and Arduino Uno Board.
Works Successfully with all Functioning Intact and Fine.
Able to Produce Electricity in Small Quantities from STEP 3: Making Connections with the Battery for Storing
Solar Radiation. the Generated Electricity.
Resolves the Problem of Energy Loss Due to Improper
Absorption STEP 4: Setting Up the Solar Tracking System in
Works Even in Low Intensity. Daylight to Work.
Satisfy Smaller Electricity Needs at Macroscopic Level.
STEP 5: Storing the Electricity Produced into Batteries
IV. LITERATURE REVIEW and Utilizing it in the Required Places. (Roadways and
Railways Tunnels)
Implementation of Solar Tracker using Arduino
P.Ramya, R.Anantha M.E, (Ph.D) Circuit Diagram :
The authors have created a solar tracking system which
runs on the principle of LDR sensing solar panel movements.
It is a vertical axis solar tracking system used to generate
electricity.
This research conducted by authors uses basic
equipment’s for successful implementation of the tracker.
They have used components such as LDR, Motor, solar panel
etc.
Solar Tracking System- A Review, Suneetha Racharla,
K.Rajan.
There are different types of solar tracking systems and
accordingly different sets of uses and efficiencies as per the
architecture. Author introduces us to multitudes of such
system. And also, about the solar positioning and how angles
change astronomically is both introduced in the research Fig 2 Circuit Diagram
work. Based on the axis there are two types of solar panels, 1.
Vertical axis 2. Horizontal axis. And two types of systems,
single axis system and dual axis system.in which dual axis
system is more efficient than the single axis system.
IJISRT23NOV2012 www.ijisrt.com 1754
Volume 8, Issue 11, November – 2023 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
VI. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Charge (in Ah) = Current (in amperes) x Time (in hours)
Charge = 0.1 A x 12 hours Charge = 1.2 ampere-hours
Therefore, the overall data generated by the static solar
panel in this scenario is 1.2 ampere-hours.
To calculate the efficiency difference between two,
Percentage Difference = [(1.34 A - 1.2 A) / 1.34 A] * 100
Percentage Difference = [0.14 A / 1.34 A] * 100
Percentage Difference = 10.45%
From the results above we can convey that the energy
produced by the solar tracking system is 10.45% more
than the energy produced by static solar panel.
The efficiency of solar tracking system becomes
axiomatic.
VII. CONCLUSION
As we are aware, energy is driving force behind
progress and development of humankind, thus there is a need
of better and effective way. By storing the energy and
utilizing it in tunnels where light source is mandatory 24 x 7.
While ensuring the need of solar tracking system in
Fig 3 Showing the Charging Rate of 6A Battery Per Hour day-to-day life and to compromise the inefficiencies of
with Solar Tracking System. conventional system, this model is a must alternative.
Charge (in Ah) = Current (in amperes) x Time (in hours) Thus, we increased the absorption of solar radiation and
Charge = 0.02 + 0.1 + 0.18 + 0.19 + 0.09 + 0.07 + 0.2 + consequently, energy generation which in previous system
0.16 + 0.12 + 0.09 + 0.06+ 0.04 + 0.02 = 1.34 A was way much lesser as the data suggests.
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
We offer our sincere thanks to Dr Rupali Deshpande
ma’am for her sincere and helpful guidance throughout
this project.
Also, we thank all the research papers' authors for their
references and helpful contribution through the
research.
REFERENCES
[1]. Implementation of solar tracker using Arduino
P.Ramya, R.Anantha M.E, (Ph.D)
[2]. Solar tracking system- A review, suneetha racharla,
k.rajan.
[3]. Micro-controller-based sun tracking system, Nasir
Ahmed Filfil, Deia hallbot mohuseen, DR. khamis
A. Zidan
[4]. Solar tracking system, Deekshith K , Dhruva
Aravind , Nagaraju H , Bhaskar Reddy
[5]. HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/ELECTRICITY_SECTO
R_IN_INDIA
Fig 4 Showing the Charging rate of 6A Battery with Static
Solar Panel
