B1 Past simple or present perfect? B1 Present perfect simple and present perfect continuous
Past tenses
B1 Past simple, past continuous, past perfect
Future
B1 Future forms – will, be going to, present continuous
Modals, the imperative, phrasal verbs, etc .
B1 Have to, must, should – obligation, prohibition, necessity, advice
B1 Can, could, be able to – ability and possibility B1 Modal verbs of deduction – must, might, could, can’t B1 Usually, used to, be used to, get used to B1 Had better… it’s time B1 B1 Phrasal verbs 1
Conditionals, if, wish, etc.
B1 First conditional, future time clauses
B1 Second conditional – unreal situations B1 First and second conditionals B1 Third conditional – past unreal situations
Passive
B1 Passive verb forms
B1 Active and passive voice
Reported speech B1 Gerund or infinitive – do, to do, doing
Articles, nouns, pronouns, and determiners.
B1 A(n), the, no article
B1 Reflexive pronouns – myself, yourself B1 Much, many, a lot, little, few, some, any, no – quantifiers B1 All, both – quantifiers B1 Both, either, neither – quantifiers B1 Any, no, none – quantifiers B1 Another, other, others, the other, the others
B1 Question tags – aren’t you? don’t you?
Adjectives and adverbs
B1 Comparative and superlative adjectives and adverbs
B1 -Ed/-ing adjectives – adjectives from verbs B1 So, such, such a, so much, so many B1 Compound adjectives with numbers: ‘a two-day trip’