POST TEST - RENAL FABS
Which of the following factors would put the client at increased
Prepared By: Mr. Mike Chavez, RN, USRN
1. When the water absorption in the renal tubules becomes greater
than normal, the nurse anticipates that the urine will become:
A. more concentrated  marami bumalik sa katawan, less sa ihi
so nagiging concentrated ang ihi o lumapot lalo
B. less concentrated
C. more alkaline
D. less alkaline
2. On a nursing assessment the nurse finds the Client with a weak and
rapid heart rate, increase in temperature and decrease skin turgor. The
nurse should continue an assessment for what problem?
A. Sodium imbalance
B. Altered renal function
C. Fluid volume deficit  hypo tachy tachy
D. Hyperkalemia
3. A client with a history of chronic cystitis comes to the outpatient
clinic with signs and symptoms of this disorder. To prevent cystitis
from recurring, the nurse recommends maintaining an acid-ash diet
to acidify the urine, thereby decreasing the rate of bacterial
multiplication. On an acid-ash diet, the client must restrict which
beverage?
A. Cranberry juice
B. Coffee  neutral
C. Prune juice
D. Milk
4. The nurse includes in the discharge teaching of a patient who has
had a lithotripsy that the patient should:
A. check for edema of the legs and ankles
B. watch for stone debris in the urine in 1 to 4 weeks  ipapadala
sa laboratory para malaman ang components ng stone
C. decrease fluid intake to 1000 mL/day
D. remain on restricted activity for a week
5. A client is to have a cystoscopy to rule out cancer of the bladder.
Which of the following signs and symptoms would indicate that the
client has developed a complication after the cystoscopy?
A. Dizziness
B. Chills and fever  d/t infection risk from insertion of
instruments
C. Pink-tinged urine  normal
D. Bladder spasms  normal
6. The client asks the nurse, “How did I get this urinary tract
infection? “ The nurse should explain that in most instances, cystitis
is caused by :
A. Congenital strictures in the urethra
B. Urinary stasis in the urinary bladder
C. An infection elsewhere in the body
D. An ascending infection from the urethra
7. Which of the following symptoms would most likely indicate
pyelonephritis?  infection of the kidney pelvis
A. Ascites
B. Polyuria
C. CVA tenderness  kasi kidney ang affected
D. Nausea and vomiting
8.
risk for pyelonephritis?
A. History of hypertension
B. Fluid intake of 2,000 ml/day
C. Increase intake of cranberry juice
D. History of diabetes mellitus  d/t SUGAR – food of the
bacteria
9. The client with acute pyelonephritis wants to know the possibility
of developing chronic pyelonephritis. The nurse’s response is based
on knowledge that which of the following disorders most commonly
leads to chronic pyelonephritis?
A. Acute pyelonephritis
B. Acute renal failure
C. Recurrent urinary tract infections  walang tx – nagiging
chronic
D. Glomerulonephritis
10. A nurse is caring for clients having a common theme of
knowledge deficit related to the needs for teaching to prevent
pyelonephritis. This concept is not commonly related to which of the
following? (kanino common ang UTI – WOMEN d/t shorter
urethra)
A. A bedridden grandmother, with an indwelling catheter
B. A toddler with a history of vesicoureteral reflux
C. A 28-year-old, sexually active man  least related or NOT
COMMON
D. A woman who has been treated for urinary tract infection and
retention
11. When making a home visit to a client with chronic pyelonephritis,
which nursing action has the highest priority?
A. Follow-up on lab values before the visit
B. Observe client findings for the effectiveness of antibiotics
C. Ask for a log of urinary output  para malaman kung
malapit na ba mag-oliguria
D. As for the log of the oral intake
12. The nurse is collecting data from a hospital patient who has been
admitted with pyelonephritis. He is acutely ill with a high fever,
chills, nausea, and vomiting. He also has severe pain in the flank
area. The primary goal of his treatment is to:  PREVENT
RENAL FAILURE
A. provide adequate nutrition with a stable body weight
B. provide adequate hydration with pulse and blood pressure within
patient norms
C. give pain relief with analgesics and antispasmodics
D. prevent further damage to his kidneys that could lead to renal
failure
13. A client has renal colic due to renal calculi. What is the nurse’s
first priority in managing care for this client?
A. Do not allow the client to ingest fluids
B. Encourage the client to drink at least 500 ml of water each hour.
C. Request the central supply department to send supplies for
straining urine.
D. Administer an opioid analgesic as prescribed.  DOC:
MORPHINE ( if pain online: NSAIDS)
14. In addition to nausea and severe flank pain, a female client with
renal calculi complains of pain in the groin and bladder. The nurse
should determine that these symptoms most likely result from which
of the following?
A. Nephritis
B. Referred pain
C. Urine retention  NO PAIN, ONLY DISCOMFORT
D. Additional stone formation
15. Which of the following assessment data would most likely be
related to a client’s current complaint of stress incontinence?
A. The client’s intake of 2 to 3 L of fluid per day
B. The client’s history of three full-term pregnancies --> d/t
mahina na ang bladder sphincter
C. The client’s age of 45 years
D. The client’s history of competitive swimming
16. A male client presents to the emergency department with
complaints of fatigue, anorexia, nausea, and vomiting, and states that
his urine is coffee-colored. The nurse notes periorbital edema, and the
blood pressure is elevated. The nurse suspects the client is
experiencing
A. nephrotic syndrome
B. bladder cancer
C. AGN
D. polycystic kidney disease
17. Following a diagnosis of acute glomerulonephritis in their 6
year-old child, the parent’s remark: “We just don’t know how he
caught the disease!” The nurse's response is based on an
understanding that:
A. AGN is a streptococcal infection that involves the kidney tubules
B. The disease is easily transmissible in schools and camps
C. The illness is usually associated with chronic respiratory infections
D. It is not "caught" but is a response to a previous B-hemolytic
strep infection
18. The nurse admits a 50 year-old client with a 3 day history of
fever, flank pain, and elevated blood pressure. Which of the
following data obtained in the admission interview alerts the nurse
that this may be acute glomerulonephritis?
A. Travel to a foreign country
B. Sore throat 3 weeks ago  make sure ipagamot kaagad to
avoid development of AGN
C. DM1
D. History of mild hypertension
19. Which nursing action is a priority as the plan of care is developed
for a 7 year-old child hospitalized for acute glomerulonephritis?
A. Assess for generalized edema
B. Monitor for increased urinary output
C. Encourage rest during hyperactive periods
D. Note patterns of increased blood pressure  SEIZURES
20. For a 6 year-old child hospitalized with moderate edema and mild
hypertension associated with acute glomerulonephritis which one of
the following nursing interventions would be appropriate?
A. Institute seizure precautions
B. Weigh the child twice per shift
C. Encourage the child to eat protein-rich foods
D. Relieve boredom through physical activity
21. A client with nephrotic syndrome is being admitted to the unit.
The nurse includes which of the following in planning the care for
this client?
A. Interventions for client with generalized edema 
ANASARCA
B. Interventions for polyuria and fluid volume deficit  oliguria
C. Interventions for frank blood loss through urine  AGN
D. Interventions for cardiovascular effects including hypotension 
hypertensioN
22. In planning care for a child diagnosed with minimal change
nephrotic syndrome, the nurse should understand the relationship
between edema formation and
A. Increased retention of albumin in the vascular system
B. Fluid shift from interstitial spaces into the vascular space
C. Decreased colloidal osmotic pressure in the capillaries  dahil
mababa ang albumins
D. Reduced tubular reabsorption of sodium and water
23. A patient is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of acute
renal failure. The nurse understands that which of the following
explanations is the MOST accurate description of the patient’s
condition?
A. A sudden loss of kidney function due to failure of the renal
circulation or to glomerular or tubular damage.
B. A progressive deterioration in renal function that ends fatally when
uremia develops.
C. An inflammation of the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissues
of one or both kidneys.
D. An inflammation process precipitated by chemical changes in the
renal glomeruli of both kidneys.
24. Which of the following urinary symptoms is the most common
initial manifestation of acute renal failure?
A. Dysuria
B. Anuria
C. Hematuria
D. Oliguria
25. The client’s blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration is elevated
in acute renal failure. What is the likely cause of this finding?
A. Fluid retention
B. Hemolysis of red blood cells
C. Below normal metabolic rate
D. Reduced renal blood flow (inc BUN = dec kidney perfusion)
26. A fluid challenge of 250 ml of NS infused over 15 minutes is
ordered on a client with suspected acute renal failure. The reason for
this is:
A. Promote the transfer of intravascular fluid to the intracellular
space
B. Increase cardiac output and fluid volume
C. Dilute the level of waste products in the intravascular fluid
D. Rule out dehydration as the cause of oliguria  para sure
27. A client has chronic renal failure with persistent hypertension.
The nurse’s actions are guided by the knowledge that this
hypertension is from which one of the following mechanisms?
A. Activation of the aldosterone-estrogen system.
B. Erythropoietin system.
C. Prostaglandin synthesis inhibition.
D. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system
28. The nurse assesses the client who has chronic renal failure and
notes the following: crackles in the lung bases, elevated blood
pressure, and weight gain of 2 lb in dat. Based on these data, which of
the following nursing diagnoses is appropriate?  PULMONARY
EDEMA (FVE = PECE)
A. Excess fluid volume related to the kidney’s inability to
maintain fluid balance.
B. Ineffective breathing pattern related to fluid in the lungs.
C. Ineffective tissue perfusion related to interrupted arterial blood
flow.
D. Ineffective therapeutic regimen management related to lack of
knowledge about therapy.

29. The client with chronic renal failure complains of feeling

nauseated every day. The nurse should explain that the nausea is the
result of:

A. Acidosis caused by the medications

B. Chronic anemia and fatigue
C. Accumulation of waste products in the blood  D/T
INCREASED BUN & CREATININE
D. Excess fluid load

30. In the oliguric phase of acute failure, the nurse should anticipate
the development of which of the following complications?

A. Pulmonary edema  oliguria leads to FVE = PE CE

B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Hypotension
D. Hypokalemia