1. Older adults may not be able to distinguish hot from cold due to less skin receptors.

Eyeglasses
should be correct prescription, clean and easy to reach. The room should be adequately lit,
including night lights, free from glare. Older adults with hearing loss usually hear speakers with
low, distintct voices best.
2. Weight-bearing bony prominences are suspectible to pressure ulcers and massaging these areas
should be avoided as this can cause an increase of damage to the already traumatized skin and
tissue.
3. Massaging can worsen damage to traumatized skin; althuogh traditionally it is done to stimulate
blood circulation in the area. When bathing the client, minimize the friction and force applied to
skin, and use mild cleansing agents to minimize irritation and dryness, avoid skin products that
contain perfume or alcohol.
4. Client teaching to control orthastic hypotension is to avoid sudden changes in position and arise
from bed gradually. Never bend down all the way to the floor, stand up too quickly after
stooping. Refrain from any streneous activity that results in holding breath and breathing down.
5. It is the nurses’ responsibility to provide care and accurate information to clients, one of the
prominent symptoms of dementia is a decline in memory. Thus, calling the patient “Daddy” may
confuse the client.
6. It believed that anesthetics depress gastrointestinal functioning in which NPO is done to reduce
gastric volume to minimize of the client to vomit and aspirate.
7. Pre-operative teaching is often provided before the day of surgery using a combination of
videos, verbal and written instructions, so that the patient is able to discuss pre-operative
concerns and implement teaching plan. Teaching is reinforced on admission day of surgery and
before discharge from postamesthesia unit.
8. Patients who are at risk in developing pulmonary complications include patient who undergone
chest or abdominal surgery, prolonged anesthesia, preexsiting