Presentation By

Kyaw Thura Swe

Min Khant
Thae Nu Su San
Htet Linn Naing
Sai Mauk Kham
Thet Htoo San
Nann Khin Htet San
 INTRODUCTION

Road and higways are always very important projects for any country and index of its
development.
What will be provided to construct Good Quality Road?
• Design
• Construction Technique
• Maintenance Plan
Components of Road
• Right Of Way
• Road Way
• Formation
• Formation Width
• Formation Height
• Pavement
• Shoulder
• Embankment
• Sub-grade
• Sub-Base Course
• Base Course
• Surface Course
• Camber ( Concrete- 2%, AC- 3%, CRR-3-4%, ER-4-5%)
Classification of Road in Myanmar
1) By Pavement Surface Type
2) By Administration
3) By Function
4) By Living Style
5) By Connectivity
1) By Pavement Surface Type
• Earth Road
• Gravel Road
• Crushed Rock Road
• Bituminous Road
• Concrete Road
• Asphalt Concrete Road
2) By Administration
• National Highway
• Region/State Collector Road
• District/Township Collector Road
• Township-village Collector Road
3) By Function
• Expressway
• Main Arterial Road
• Collector Road
• Local Road
4) By Living Style
• Urban Road
• Rural Road

5) By Connectivity
• International Highway
• Special Ring Road
• Special Economic Zone Connectivity Road
 Design Requirement
 Request Specific Design to Road Design Section from NPT
 Design will be relied mainly on -
a) Traffic Volume of Road (AADT)
b) Weight of Traffic (Tons)
c) Subgrade Strength (CBR)
d) Thickness and Strength of Existing pavement layers
e) Available local materials
f) Rainfall Condition
 MOC design method is AASHTO 1993/1998. (Previous years, often Oversea Road
Note 29 and 31 are used.)
Sub-base Course
Earth Road
1. Profile Setting
2. Earth Filling And Soil Compaction
3. Earth Cutting
4. Stability of Embankment
1. Profile Setting
• Road Condition Survey
• Formation Height & Formation Width
• Cutting & Filling
• Site Clearing Work
• Determination of Side slope

Camber Due to Lane Width

Road Drainage Ratio
12’ 16’ 18’ >20’

Earth Road 1:40 1

2 ” 3” 1
3 ” 4”
2 2

Gravel Road 1:50 1

1 ” 3” 1
2 ”
1
2 ”
2 4 2
1” 1
1 ”
3
2 ” 2”
Crushed Rock Road 1:60 2 4

1” 1
1 ”
3
1 ”
1
1 ”
Bituminous Road 1:80 4 4 2
2. Earth Filling & Soil Compaction
• Layer by Layer Compaction (CBR %, Thicknes 9”-12”, DOC – 90%)
• Suitable Machine ( Clay soil – Sheep Foot Compactor , Sand – Smooth Wheel Roller With
Vibrator)
• Height of final embankment level must be exceed 3 ft higher than height flood level.

Sheep Foot Roller Smooth Wheel Roller

3. Earth Cutting
• Retaining Wall
• Catch Drain ( To reduce velocity of water)
Asphalt Concrete Road
1. Type of Asphalt Concrete
2. Dense Graded Mixture
3. Job Mix Design at Site
4. Construction of Asphalt Concrete Surface Course
5. Typical Rolling Path
6. Joints
7. Quality Control
Pavement Layer Flexible Rigid Field Test Applied

Subgrade • DOC - 95% • DOC - 95% • Core Cutter

• Sand Cone
Sub-base • Crushed Rock - CBR>30% • Crushed Rock - CBR>40% • Plate Bearing Test
• Concrete > 2000-3000 psi • Rebound Hammer
• Lime Stabilized -UCS (Mpa) • Stabilized layer -UCS (Mpa) • Sand Cone

Base • Welll Graded C/R – CBR> 80% • Plain Concrete > 4000-5000 psi • Rebound Hammer
• Crushed Rock - CBR>80%- • Compressive Strength Test (Core
100% Sample)
• Cement Stabilized – USC • UCS strength (Core Sample)
(MPa) • Density Check

Surface • AC Concrete (Flow & Stability) • Plain Concrete >4000 - 5000 psi • Marshall Stability (Core Sample
• Asphaltic Concrete (Flow & test)
Stability) • Rebound Hammer
• Compressive Strength Test (Core
Sample)
The above layer strength values are represented generally for MOC roads. ASTM/
AASHTO
 Maintenance Operations

- ROUTING (once or more per year)

• (small scale)

- PERIODIC (A Period of a number of years)

• (large scale)

(According to planning, organization & founding arrangement)

2
 Which method to be used?

(i) Heavy requirement

based on consideration of resources

(ii) Tractor based methods
available, cost, policy etc.

(iii) Labor base methods

(Decision by engineer or senior supervisor)

 List of Terms

-Roadside Area shoulder side slopes

all surface area with the
road way /road margins
 Roadside Area

Shoulder maintenance

- Routine Activites

Removing Obstructions

Reshaping Shoulders

Vegetation Control

- Periodic Activites

Adding Shoulder Material

5
 Removing Obstruction on Shoulder
OBSTRUCTION
Shoulder Removing
Rocks, tree or tree branches,

Soil heaps , wind blown Sand,

abandoned vehicles /debris.

6
 Reshaping Shoulders

- Shoulder HIGHER THAN CARRIAGEWAY (Reshape to correct Level,

Vegetation control)
(a) - by the action of traffic
- by the action of water
- soil from cutting has slipper
(b) - Vegetation
 Vegetation Control

Shoulder HIGH VEGETATION VEGETATION

Vegetation Control
Grass , weeds ,bushed (or) tree
(allowed to grow unchecked)
 Add shoulder material

Shoulder LOWER THAN (CARRIAGEWAY)

Add shoulder material
- Traffic

- water erosion

- settlement

- over laid carriageway

 Slope Maintenance

- Routine Activites

Vegetation Control

- Peridic Activites

Erosion Control

Slip Repair