Câu 3: Stemming from the difficulties and barriers that Vietnamese mangoes

encountered when exporting to the Chinese market, we propose the following

solutions to promote mango exports to China and Hong Kong markets:

3.1. On the side of management :

Firstly, state management agencies need to actively research the market, grasp the
situation and development trends of the Chinese and Hong Kong markets; develop
and disseminate reasonable production guidance policies to farmers. In the context
that these markets have many changes in import and export policies, Vietnamese
authority needs to organize a survey, data to make assessments on the impact of the
regulations on cross-border trade activities between the two countries. On that basis,
they promptly issue the right solutions and plans to remove difficulties, limit negative
impacts and create favorable conditions for businesses.

Secondly, Vietnamese ministries and sectors need to work closely and discuss with
the Chinese side to facilitate import and export activities between the two countries,
promote online exchanges with the focal point of the General Administration of
Customs of China to open the market for mango products. To achieve this, they have
to promote reform of administrative procedures and other factors to facilitate the
issuance of certificates of origin, customs procedures and related processes to promote
mango exports to China.

Thirdly, conferences and exchanges between enterprises and regulatory agencies

should be organised frequently to disseminate information and new regulations of
China market. It also creates opportunity for mango exporters to present difficulties
and obstacles in exporting mangoes to China. From there, management agency will
understand what they need to do in negotiating with China and businesses can remove
difficulties in a timely manner.

Fourly, government should encourage the building of linkage chains between

producers, cooperatives, enterprises and management agencies to ensure traceability,
associated with the responsibility of people and businesses. It is important for
government to reshape the distribution chain, create mechanisms and conditions to
provide more support for trade promotion enterprises and business enterprises to seize
market opportunities, which contributes to ensuring stable output.

At the same time, Ministry of Agriculture collaborates with mango exporting business
to open training courses for farmers to standardize the production process.
Management agencies need to have specific solutions to have good and synchronized
products because good products are exported and sold more easily when there is high
uniformity. Moreover, the implementation of regulations on plant quarantine, quality
control, food safety and hygiene, regulations on pesticide residue levels, traceability,
etc should be conveyed to local, cooperatives, and packing facilities.

Sixthly, promoting the dissemination of information and technical guidance for

exporters on FTAs in order to help businesses benefit most from FTAs such as the
ASEAN-China Free Trade Agreement (ACFTA). At the same time, implement
specific solutions to support export enterprises in terms of market information, capital
and exchange rates.

Seventhly, promoting official export activities: buying and selling under contracts,
with clear trading and delivery conditions, delivering goods at international border
gates, main border gates, towards reducing informal trade. It is necessary to plan and
promote exports by official channels to create favorable conditions for enterprises to
invest and do business with peace of mind. The transition from unofficial trade to
official import-export activities should be accelerated, but at the same time, when the
goal of formalization has not been achieved, it is necessary to strengthen the
management and organization. cross-border trade and non-commercial trade,
minimizing risks in transactions.

Eighthly, it is recommended that enterprises exporting to the Chinese and Hong Kong
markets strengthen the supervision of the quality of mangoes, avoiding violations of
regulations on quality standards, testing and quarantine, and food safety. contribute to
making the customs clearance process more convenient.

Finally, the organization of production associated with market signals is still the final
key, combined with improving the quality of trade infrastructure in the border area
through a close coordination mechanism between ministries of the industry and local.

3.2. On the side of businesses and mango producers:

Firstly, enterprises need to improve their proactiveness in export activities. In

particular, to avoid risks when exporting to China, businesses need to strengthen
market research, business systems to connect and transact; Update market
information, new regulations on quality product quality and consumer tastes for each
locality in China.

Second, businesses need to improve product quality, access information on production

adjustments to meet origin standards to take advantage of tariff opportunities, and pay
more attention to grasping promptly catch up, disseminate requirements from your
country, to strictly control safety factors, try to meet the most requirements on
packaging, transportation, goods standards, etc.

● In order to create a strong foothold in the Chinese market, Vietnamese

enterprises need to improve the competitiveness of their products, focusing on
price, quality, and variety. Manufacturing enterprises must go in a safe
direction, because even people in the country do not want to buy products that
 use too many pesticides or chemicals. Meanwhile, Chinese people's living
standards are also getting higher and higher, so they start to "pick up" to eat
and choose good, nutritious and cheap products to use. If we can produce and
export safe products, the Chinese market is a huge market.
● To improve export value, businesses also boldly invest in a system of
warehouses and modern factories. In the long term, it is also necessary to
strengthen post-harvest processing to bring out high-value off-season
agricultural products that are not dependent on seasonal factors. Thus, it is
possible to both increase the value of mangoes and reduce pressure on border
gates as in the past.

Third, it is necessary to actively participate in trade promotion activities, large fairs

and exhibitions held in China to promote, display and introduce products, and at the
same time combine with market surveys. market, connecting directly with Chinese
businesses and importers. It is necessary to diversify the list of exports to China and
should consider the development and development of new mango varieties with good
prices and high quality to suit market demand. In addition, it is necessary to pay
attention to the copyright and trademark of special products from domestic mangoes
(which need to be registered), especially for traditional goods with a good name;
Limit the arbitrage business from Chinese traders through unofficial quotas.

Fourth, before exporting, enterprises need to clearly classify the quality and
specifications of each specific type of goods; research and design specific packaging
for the Chinese market, in which priority should be given to information on packages
with additional stamps in Chinese.

Fifth, businesses need to master and understand the conditions of trade agreements so
that they can develop appropriate production plans to meet the requirements, technical
barriers and tariffs in each trade agreement. agreements, effectively taking advantage
of opportunities from those agreements.

Sixth, Vietnamese mangoes have to compete with mangoes from countries such as
Thailand, Philippines, Taiwan, and Australia in the Chinese market. While these
countries have legal access to export mangoes to China, Vietnamese mangoes are
exported to China by cross-border trade. Although this form of export is quite
convenient, without the need for a written sales contract and payment through a bank,
it brings many disadvantages to Vietnam's mango exports. When exporting by cross-
border trade, the inflow of Vietnamese mango export is not reported. In addition,
Vietnamese mangoes are easily pressured by Chinese traders, not guaranteed to buy in
full quantity, so they will be stuck at the border gate and lose quality. For the purpose
of gaining and market share in China in the long term, Vietnamese businesses need to
find a way to convert the mango export method from cross-border trade into official
quota. Performing official export also requires that import and export activities are
carried out according to the terms of legal contracts, based on international practices.
At the same time, exporters must change and reorganize from the production stage,
ensuring the source of goods with high quality and added value, especially
traceability. This is also considered an important solution to develop sustainable trade
in goods with this potential market.

Finally, with the current development of e-commerce, Vietnamese enterprises can

cooperate with famous e-commerce enterprises in China such as Alibaba.com,
1688.com…. and open online stores to reach more partners and consumers, build the
brand of Vietnamese products. The advantage of online export promotion is to create
conditions for small and medium-sized enterprises to gradually expand their scale and
build their brand. Finally, it is necessary to build a team of staff who are good at
Chinese languages. and understand Chinese culture to perform well the task of
connecting, maintaining contact and exchanging import and export business with
Chinese enterprises.